Over 500 million family farmers produce 80% of the world's food while 350-500 million indigenous peoples and 240 million pastoralists and agro-pastoralists rely on access to land and natural resources for their livelihoods. However, large-scale land deals can negatively impact local communities by threatening their livelihoods, human rights, and access to food while reducing incentives to mitigate climate change. A territorial vision of development that recognizes the land rights of local communities strengthens local food systems and builds on local knowledge while helping to address challenges of food security, biodiversity, and land degradation. Looking ahead, access to land is becoming increasingly difficult for the world's youth as population growth outpaces available arable land.