Biodiversity
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The document discusses biodiversity, highlighting the variety of life on Earth across different ecosystems. It defines biodiversity as the variability among living organisms, including diversity within species, between species, and of ecosystems. Biodiversity provides many benefits but is under threat from habitat loss, poaching, conflicts with humans, overhunting, climate change, and deforestation. Conservation efforts aim to protect biodiversity through both in situ and ex situ measures like protected areas, seed banks, and zoos to ensure survival of threatened species and ecosystems.
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Loss of biodiversity affected by global environmental changes
Global environmental changes like climate change and biodiversity loss are threatening the world's ecosystems. Biodiversity includes all living things from genes to species to ecosystems. It plays crucial roles like supporting biogeochemical cycles. However, human activities that release greenhouse gases are warming the planet and disrupting biodiversity. This includes practices like deforestation and monoculture farming, which contribute to genetic erosion. To address these issues, measures like the Convention on Biological Diversity have been adopted to preserve existing varieties and genetic resources through practices like establishing gene banks.
Biodiversity Loss
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BIODIVERSITY LOSS AND CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
Biodiversity reflects the variety of living organisms and how they interact in ecosystems. It is declining rapidly due to human activities like habitat loss, pollution, and overexploitation of resources. This biodiversity loss negatively impacts human well-being by reducing food security, water quality, and resilience to natural disasters. Four scenarios for the future were explored that consider different levels of globalization and approaches to environmental management. All scenarios found that biodiversity will continue declining due to expanding agriculture and shrinking forests. Protected areas and market-based conservation efforts can help slow this loss if carefully implemented.
Conservation biology
This document discusses various topics related to conservation of natural resources in India, including deforestation, afforestation programs, dams and their negative effects, mineral resources, controversies around hydropower, pollution control measures, developing greenery, preservation of water resources, global food problems, issues with fertilizers and pesticides, energy resources and saving tips, land degradation, soil erosion prevention methods like mulching, composting, and crop rotation, as well as natural disasters around the world. It stresses the importance of protecting natural resources for future generations rather than wasting them.
Biodiversity
i gave this presententation in my college in a competition and won 3rd prize i.e a certificate and cash prize
Biodiversity depletion
Biodiversity depletion refers to the reduction or loss of plant and animal species. It can occur due to natural causes like floods, earthquakes, and diseases, or anthropogenic causes like urbanization, expansion of agriculture, deforestation, pollution, acidification of soil and water, mining, desertification, and loss of soil fertility. All of these human activities can destroy natural habitats and eliminate important species, contributing to overall biodiversity depletion. Protecting biodiversity will require collective global efforts to reduce human impacts and preserve natural resources for future generations.
Loss of Biodiversity
Biodiversity refers to the variety of life on Earth, including genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity. Loss of biodiversity is occurring at an alarming rate, with up to 20,000 species estimated to go extinct each year. Habitat destruction and fragmentation due to human activities like agriculture, construction, and urbanization are major drivers of biodiversity loss. Other threats include overexploitation of species, introduction of exotic species, pollution, climate change, and poaching. Widespread biodiversity decline poses serious risks to ecosystem balance, food security, natural disaster mitigation, and could ultimately threaten human survival if left unaddressed. Conservation efforts are needed to protect the estimated 24% of mammals and 12% of birds currently considered globally
Biodiversity
Biodiversity refers to the variety of life on Earth, including the number of plant and animal species, the genetic diversity within them, and the different ecosystems they inhabit. The major threats to biodiversity are the destruction and fragmentation of habitats, pollution, introduction of exotic species, and overexploitation. These can be addressed by protecting natural areas, preventing invasive species, educating people, slowing climate change, and promoting sustainable practices in areas like agriculture, fishing, urban planning, and policymaking. Conservation of biodiversity is important for ecosystem functioning and provides many services that humanity depends on.
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Loss of biodiversity affected by global environmental changes
Global environmental changes like climate change and biodiversity loss are threatening the world's ecosystems. Biodiversity includes all living things from genes to species to ecosystems. It plays crucial roles like supporting biogeochemical cycles. However, human activities that release greenhouse gases are warming the planet and disrupting biodiversity. This includes practices like deforestation and monoculture farming, which contribute to genetic erosion. To address these issues, measures like the Convention on Biological Diversity have been adopted to preserve existing varieties and genetic resources through practices like establishing gene banks.
Biodiversity Loss
PPT is a file extension for a presentation file format used by Microsoft PowerPoint, the popular presentation software commonly used for office and educational slide shows. All text images, sound and video used in the presentation are contained in the PPT file.
BIODIVERSITY LOSS AND CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
Biodiversity reflects the variety of living organisms and how they interact in ecosystems. It is declining rapidly due to human activities like habitat loss, pollution, and overexploitation of resources. This biodiversity loss negatively impacts human well-being by reducing food security, water quality, and resilience to natural disasters. Four scenarios for the future were explored that consider different levels of globalization and approaches to environmental management. All scenarios found that biodiversity will continue declining due to expanding agriculture and shrinking forests. Protected areas and market-based conservation efforts can help slow this loss if carefully implemented.
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Biodiversity
i gave this presententation in my college in a competition and won 3rd prize i.e a certificate and cash prize
Biodiversity depletion
Biodiversity depletion refers to the reduction or loss of plant and animal species. It can occur due to natural causes like floods, earthquakes, and diseases, or anthropogenic causes like urbanization, expansion of agriculture, deforestation, pollution, acidification of soil and water, mining, desertification, and loss of soil fertility. All of these human activities can destroy natural habitats and eliminate important species, contributing to overall biodiversity depletion. Protecting biodiversity will require collective global efforts to reduce human impacts and preserve natural resources for future generations.
Loss of Biodiversity
Biodiversity refers to the variety of life on Earth, including genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity. Loss of biodiversity is occurring at an alarming rate, with up to 20,000 species estimated to go extinct each year. Habitat destruction and fragmentation due to human activities like agriculture, construction, and urbanization are major drivers of biodiversity loss. Other threats include overexploitation of species, introduction of exotic species, pollution, climate change, and poaching. Widespread biodiversity decline poses serious risks to ecosystem balance, food security, natural disaster mitigation, and could ultimately threaten human survival if left unaddressed. Conservation efforts are needed to protect the estimated 24% of mammals and 12% of birds currently considered globally
Biodiversity
Biodiversity refers to the variety of life on Earth, including the number of plant and animal species, the genetic diversity within them, and the different ecosystems they inhabit. The major threats to biodiversity are the destruction and fragmentation of habitats, pollution, introduction of exotic species, and overexploitation. These can be addressed by protecting natural areas, preventing invasive species, educating people, slowing climate change, and promoting sustainable practices in areas like agriculture, fishing, urban planning, and policymaking. Conservation of biodiversity is important for ecosystem functioning and provides many services that humanity depends on.
Terrestrial Biodiversity (Sustainable Development)
Explanation about terrestrial biodiversity with relationship of Goals 15 of sustainable development by United Nation
Loss of wetlands = Loss of biodiversity
Wetlands are home to a vast amount of biodiversity but 87% of the world's wetlands have been lost in the last 300 years due to pollution, drainage, and land conversion. This loss of wetlands is contributing to the loss of over one million animal and plant species that are now threatened with extinction. Wetlands provide essential services worth $47 trillion annually such as carbon storage, pollutant removal, jobs, and support of biodiversity including reptiles, amphibians, water birds, and mammals. Efforts are needed to end biodiversity loss and restore degraded wetlands for the health of the climate, economies, and ecosystems.
Proximate Causes of Biodiversity Loss
Habitat destruction, overexploitation, invasive species, pollution, and climate change are the five main proximate causes of biodiversity loss. Habitat destruction has affected over 85% of threatened species through activities like urbanization and agriculture. Overexploitation harvests plants and animals faster than their reproduction rates can keep up. Invasive species harm native species through competition, disease transmission, and predation. Pollution disrupts ecosystems through contamination of water, soil and air. Climate change alters habitats and some species may be unable to adapt quickly enough to its effects, potentially leading to the extinction of 15-37% of species by 2050.
Agricultural biodiversity
This document discusses the importance of agricultural biodiversity. It defines agricultural biodiversity as including all components of biological diversity relevant to food and agriculture. It notes that agricultural biodiversity is the foundation of agriculture as it is the source of genetic material for crops and livestock and provides ecosystem services. The loss of agricultural biodiversity threatens food security, adaptation to climate change, and livelihoods. While modern agriculture has increased food production, it has also damaged biodiversity through land conversion and intensive practices. Conservation of agricultural biodiversity and traditional knowledge, sustainable agriculture policies and practices, and support for farmers are needed to address this challenge.
THREATS AND CONSERVATION OF TERESTIAL AND AQUATIC BIODIVERSITY
This document provides a summary of threats to terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity and approaches for conservation. It discusses how human activities like habitat loss, pollution, overexploitation are reducing biodiversity on land and in water. Specific threats include deforestation, agricultural intensification, urban expansion, invasive species, climate change, and pollution from development. The document then outlines approaches to conserve biodiversity like protecting habitats through reserves, restoring degraded areas, sustainable land and water management, reducing pollution, and increasing environmental awareness.
Conserving The Biodiversity
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Biodiversity provides countless benefits to humans. It increases ecosystem productivity and sustainability by increasing the variety of life forms and their interactions. Biodiversity underpins key services like water purification and soil formation. It also has economic value through industries like agriculture, fisheries, and medicines. Preserving biodiversity ensures these services continue and provides optionality for future scientific and economic opportunities.
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Why Is Biodiversity Important 13062014
Biodiversity is important for both economic and ecological reasons. At least 40% of the world's economy and 80% of the needs of the poor are derived from biological resources. Each species, no matter how small, plays an important role in ecosystem productivity and sustainability. The loss of biodiversity threatens food and medicine sources as well as ecosystem services like water and soil protection. Current extinction rates are approaching 1,000 times higher than the natural background rate due to human activity.
Biodiversity
The document discusses biodiversity, including its definition, types, distribution, threats, and conservation. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life forms on Earth, including diversity within and between species and ecosystems. The three main types of biodiversity are genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity. Most biodiversity is located in tropical regions. Threats include habitat loss, overexploitation, pollution, and climate change. Conservation efforts include protected areas, restoration, environmental education, and international agreements like the Convention on Biological Diversity.
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The document discusses biodiversity and conservation biology. It explains that conservation biology aims to preserve biodiversity by preventing species extinction, maintaining genetic diversity, and preserving ecosystems. Ecosystems provide important services that support human life like clean air and water. However, human activities like habitat destruction, pollution, and climate change are threatening biodiversity by driving species extinction rates far above background levels. Integrated efforts are needed across many fields to promote more sustainable practices and conserve biodiversity.
Direct And Indirect Drivers of Biodiversity
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BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY
The document discusses biodiversity from several perspectives:
- It defines biodiversity as the variety of life on Earth, including genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity.
- Biodiversity is the result of billions of years of evolution but is now seriously threatened by human activities like habitat loss and climate change.
- Maintaining biodiversity is important for ecological, economic, and moral reasons, and countries have legal obligations to protect biodiversity.
Threats to biodiversity
Habitat destruction, overexploitation, pollution, invasive species, and human overpopulation are major threats to biodiversity. Habitat loss is a key driver of extinction, especially the conversion of land to human uses. Overexploitation through overhunting and overfishing reduces populations unsustainably. Pollution harms ecosystems and coral reefs in particular. Invasive species outcompete native species. Finally, the global human population has more than doubled since 1950 to over 7 billion people, placing unsustainable demands on natural resources. Loss of keystone species can have outsized negative impacts on ecosystems.
Biodiversity
Biological diversity or biodiversity is the degree of variation of life forms at all levels of biological systems (i.e. molecular, organism, species, population and ecosystem levels) and is used to measure the health of ecosystems.
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Ecological sustainable development is defined as development that improves quality of life while maintaining ecological processes that support life. Key ways to achieve it include ecotourism, buying organic, land care programs, individual environmentally-friendly behaviors, and policies by non-government organizations. Ecotourism involves sustainable tourism that educates visitors and benefits local communities while respecting cultures and minimizing environmental impacts.
Threats to biodiversity
The document discusses several key threats to biodiversity: habitat alteration, invasive species, pollution, population growth, and overexploitation, known by the acronym HIPPO. It provides examples and explanations of each threat. Habitat alteration, mainly through forest clearing, agriculture and urban development, affects most organisms by changing their adapted habitat. Invasive species have become the second worst threat after being introduced internationally. Pollution harms biodiversity but to a lesser extent than other threats. Population growth exacerbates all threats by increasing resource use and consumption. Overexploitation includes overharvesting wildlife and overconsumption of resources.
extinction of species loss of habitat and biodiversity types of biodiversity ...
its explains biodiversity and different types of biodiversity also habitat loss and ho it occurs and its effects and causes
Lesson 2
Biodiversity refers to the variety of life found in a given area, including plants, animals, fungi and microorganisms. It is important because each species plays a role in ecosystems, maintaining balance and supporting life. Loss of biodiversity can have severe effects on human health by increasing exposure to diseases, reducing availability of resources like food and medicine, and diminishing ecosystem services such as water purification. Changes that bring humans and wildlife into closer contact can promote disease transmission both from animals to humans and vice versa. Loss of biodiversity also reduces ecosystem resilience, making communities less able to withstand disasters.
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Sustaining human societies: Economics,Evnironment,Education
The document discusses the concepts of sustainability from ecological, economic, political, and cultural perspectives. It defines sustainability as ensuring biological systems remain diverse and productive indefinitely. Sustainable development aims to meet human development goals while maintaining natural systems. This involves balancing social, political, and economic needs with environmental protection. The document also discusses how urban and transportation systems can be designed or improved to be more sustainable. Education is highlighted as a key part of developing a more sustainable society.
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Terrestrial Biodiversity (Sustainable Development)
Explanation about terrestrial biodiversity with relationship of Goals 15 of sustainable development by United Nation
Loss of wetlands = Loss of biodiversity
Wetlands are home to a vast amount of biodiversity but 87% of the world's wetlands have been lost in the last 300 years due to pollution, drainage, and land conversion. This loss of wetlands is contributing to the loss of over one million animal and plant species that are now threatened with extinction. Wetlands provide essential services worth $47 trillion annually such as carbon storage, pollutant removal, jobs, and support of biodiversity including reptiles, amphibians, water birds, and mammals. Efforts are needed to end biodiversity loss and restore degraded wetlands for the health of the climate, economies, and ecosystems.
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Habitat destruction, overexploitation, invasive species, pollution, and climate change are the five main proximate causes of biodiversity loss. Habitat destruction has affected over 85% of threatened species through activities like urbanization and agriculture. Overexploitation harvests plants and animals faster than their reproduction rates can keep up. Invasive species harm native species through competition, disease transmission, and predation. Pollution disrupts ecosystems through contamination of water, soil and air. Climate change alters habitats and some species may be unable to adapt quickly enough to its effects, potentially leading to the extinction of 15-37% of species by 2050.
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This document provides a summary of threats to terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity and approaches for conservation. It discusses how human activities like habitat loss, pollution, overexploitation are reducing biodiversity on land and in water. Specific threats include deforestation, agricultural intensification, urban expansion, invasive species, climate change, and pollution from development. The document then outlines approaches to conserve biodiversity like protecting habitats through reserves, restoring degraded areas, sustainable land and water management, reducing pollution, and increasing environmental awareness.
Conserving The Biodiversity
Understanding the term conservation and biodiversity.
Importance of the conservation methods and need.
Methods and the strategy to conserve the natural flora.
Insurance against future.ppt
Biodiversity provides countless benefits to humans. It increases ecosystem productivity and sustainability by increasing the variety of life forms and their interactions. Biodiversity underpins key services like water purification and soil formation. It also has economic value through industries like agriculture, fisheries, and medicines. Preserving biodiversity ensures these services continue and provides optionality for future scientific and economic opportunities.
Biodiversity and threats in the Desert Uplands: The case of Bimblebox Nature ...
The 8000 hectare Bimblebox Nature Refuge is threatened by a massive new coal development proposed by Waratah Coal. In late September 2011 the company released its Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) for its ‘China First’ mine (otherwise known as the ‘Galilee Coal Project’). It outlines a proposal to extract 40 mega-tonnes of coal per year, which would be transported on a yet-to-be-built 468km rail line up to Abbot Point and shipped through the Great Barrier Reef on its way to China where it will be burnt for energy generation. Their ambitious and polluting plans have not yet received formal government approval.
Support the upcoming 'Bimblebox' documentary by film maker Michael O'Connell on Kickstarter: http://kck.st/rTFBO7
www.bimblebox.org
Why Is Biodiversity Important 13062014
Biodiversity is important for both economic and ecological reasons. At least 40% of the world's economy and 80% of the needs of the poor are derived from biological resources. Each species, no matter how small, plays an important role in ecosystem productivity and sustainability. The loss of biodiversity threatens food and medicine sources as well as ecosystem services like water and soil protection. Current extinction rates are approaching 1,000 times higher than the natural background rate due to human activity.
Biodiversity
The document discusses biodiversity, including its definition, types, distribution, threats, and conservation. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life forms on Earth, including diversity within and between species and ecosystems. The three main types of biodiversity are genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity. Most biodiversity is located in tropical regions. Threats include habitat loss, overexploitation, pollution, and climate change. Conservation efforts include protected areas, restoration, environmental education, and international agreements like the Convention on Biological Diversity.
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The document discusses biodiversity from several perspectives:
- It defines biodiversity as the variety of life on Earth, including genetic, species, and ecosystem diversity.
- Biodiversity is the result of billions of years of evolution but is now seriously threatened by human activities like habitat loss and climate change.
- Maintaining biodiversity is important for ecological, economic, and moral reasons, and countries have legal obligations to protect biodiversity.
Threats to biodiversity
Habitat destruction, overexploitation, pollution, invasive species, and human overpopulation are major threats to biodiversity. Habitat loss is a key driver of extinction, especially the conversion of land to human uses. Overexploitation through overhunting and overfishing reduces populations unsustainably. Pollution harms ecosystems and coral reefs in particular. Invasive species outcompete native species. Finally, the global human population has more than doubled since 1950 to over 7 billion people, placing unsustainable demands on natural resources. Loss of keystone species can have outsized negative impacts on ecosystems.
Biodiversity
Biological diversity or biodiversity is the degree of variation of life forms at all levels of biological systems (i.e. molecular, organism, species, population and ecosystem levels) and is used to measure the health of ecosystems.
Esd1
Ecological sustainable development is defined as development that improves quality of life while maintaining ecological processes that support life. Key ways to achieve it include ecotourism, buying organic, land care programs, individual environmentally-friendly behaviors, and policies by non-government organizations. Ecotourism involves sustainable tourism that educates visitors and benefits local communities while respecting cultures and minimizing environmental impacts.
Threats to biodiversity
The document discusses several key threats to biodiversity: habitat alteration, invasive species, pollution, population growth, and overexploitation, known by the acronym HIPPO. It provides examples and explanations of each threat. Habitat alteration, mainly through forest clearing, agriculture and urban development, affects most organisms by changing their adapted habitat. Invasive species have become the second worst threat after being introduced internationally. Pollution harms biodiversity but to a lesser extent than other threats. Population growth exacerbates all threats by increasing resource use and consumption. Overexploitation includes overharvesting wildlife and overconsumption of resources.
extinction of species loss of habitat and biodiversity types of biodiversity ...
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The document discusses different types of protected areas in India that conserve biodiversity - biosphere reserves, wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, and zoos. It provides background on India's biodiversity and lists threats like habitat loss. Biosphere reserves aim to conserve biodiversity and support sustainable development. Wildlife sanctuaries and national parks protect habitats and species. The document lists several biosphere reserves, wildlife sanctuaries, and national parks in Kerala. Zoos provide ex-situ conservation of endangered species.
Biodiversity
The document discusses biodiversity, which refers to the variety of life on Earth at genetic, species, and ecosystem levels. It notes that biodiversity is highest in the tropics and along coasts with warm sea surface temperatures. Species diversity generally increases closer to the equator due to warm climates and high productivity. The document also defines several key terms related to biodiversity, such as genetic diversity, species diversity, species richness, ecosystem diversity, and community diversity.
Ecosystem
The document discusses key topics relating to ecosystems and biodiversity. It notes that the richest biodiversity is found near the equator, especially in areas like Indonesia and equatorial South America, as well as coral reefs. Ecological succession is influenced by environmental changes and disruption can affect rural and urban communities. Biodiversity at genetic, species, and ecosystem levels is important for ecological health but facing threats from human activity like habitat destruction. The Philippines has high biodiversity but also high rates of loss. Conservation efforts aim to stem further biodiversity loss.
Unit i biodiversity
Biodiversity refers to the variety of living organisms on Earth. It exists at genetic, species, and ecosystem levels. India is one of the most biodiverse countries due to its varied landscapes and climates. However, biodiversity faces threats from habitat loss, pollution, overexploitation, and invasive species. Conservation efforts involve both protecting ecosystems (in situ) and preserving species outside their natural habitats (ex situ), such as in zoos, botanical gardens, and seed banks. India uses national parks, sanctuaries, and biosphere reserves for in situ conservation of its rich biodiversity.
Importance Of Biodiversity Conservation
Biodiversity conservation is important for sustainable development and improving human welfare. Biological resources need to be protected while allowing sustainable use. Over 350,000 hectares of forest are lost annually in Nigeria, degrading habitats and endangering species. Effective conservation prevents environmental destruction and degradation. Biodiversity exists at genetic, species, and ecosystem levels and results from interactions between organisms. Wildlife conservation aims to maintain indigenous species in diverse landscapes.
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Science 9 - PROTECTING BIODIVERSITY.pptx
The document discusses biodiversity and ways to protect it. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life on Earth, including diversity within and between species and ecosystems. It notes that scientists have identified over 2 million species but many more remain unknown. The main threats to biodiversity include habitat loss, overexploitation, pollution, and climate change. The document outlines several strategies to conserve biodiversity, such as creating protected areas, ex situ conservation in zoos and botanical gardens, recording indigenous knowledge, encouraging community participation, and international agreements like the Convention on Biological Diversity.
Climate change and_biodiversity
The loss of biodiversity is a silent killer that is difficult to detect until it is too late, unlike climate change whose impacts are felt in everyday life. By the time the consequences of biodiversity loss are felt, it may be too late to remedy the situation.
Biodiversity and its conservation
This document provides an overview of biodiversity and its conservation. It discusses the following key points:
1. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life forms within an ecosystem and notes that biodiversity is important for ecosystem health.
2. It describes three types of biodiversity: genetic diversity within species, species diversity within communities, and ecosystem diversity of different habitats.
3. It outlines the significance of biodiversity, including providing ecosystem services, resources, economic benefits, and supporting other species.
4. It discusses threats to biodiversity such as habitat loss and ways to conserve biodiversity, including both in-situ and ex-situ conservation methods.
Plant Biodiversity (PART 1)
Biodiversity- National and Global status, Hotspots of biodiversity Endangered and endemic species, Extinction, Significance, Causes, Levels of biodiversity, IUCN categories of threat, Red Data Book - advantages and disadvantages, local plants diversity of haryana, Biodiversity concepts, principles of conservation and strategies, major approaches to management, Protected areas network- wildlife sanctuaries, national parks, biosphere reserves.
Coastal marsh. Wetlands in the Atchafalaya National Wil.docx
Coastal marsh.
'Wetlands in the
Atchafalaya National
Wildlife Refuge in
Louisiana provide valuable
ecosystem services.
2 Communities and Ecosystems
Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology, Fourth Edition, by Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, and Jane B. Reece. Published by Benjamin Cummings.
Copyright CD, 2013 by Pearson Education, Inc.
CHAPTER CONTENTS
The Loss of Biodiversity 426
Community Ecology 428
Ecosystem Ecology 437
Conservation and Restoration Biology 444
CHAPTER THREAD
Biodiversity in Decline
BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY
Why Biodiversity Matters 425
THE PROCESS OF SCIENCE
How Does Tropical Forest Fragmentation
Affect Biodiversity? 446
EVOLUTION CONNECTION
Can Biophilia Save Biodiversity? 448
Biodiversity in Decline BIOLOGY AND SOCIETY
Why Biodiversity Matters
As the human population has expanded, hundreds of species have become extinct and thou-
sands more are threatened with extinction. These changes represent a loss in biological di-
versity, or biodiversity. Biodiversity loss goes hand in hand with the disappearance of natural
ecosystems. Only about a quarter of Earth's land surfaces remain untouched by human altera-
tions. We see the evidence of our impact on natural ecosystems every day. We live and work
in altered landscapes. And though we may be less aware of it, our impact on the oceans is also
extensive.
What is the value of biodiversity? Most people appreciate the direct benefits provided by
certain ecosystems. For example, you probably know that we use resources—such as water,
wood, and fish—that come from natural or near-natural ecosystems. These resources have
economic value, as the massive 2010 oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico dramatically demonstrated.
Billions of dollars were lost by fishing, recreation, and other industries as a result of the di-
saster. But human well-being also depends on less obvious services that healthy ecosystems
provide. The coastal wetlands affected by the Gulf oil spill normally act as a buffer against hur-
ricanes, reduce the impact of flooding, and filter pollutants. The wetlands also furnish nesting
sites for birds and marine turtles and breeding areas and nurseries for a wide variety of fish
and shellfish. Natural ecosystems provide other services as well—such as recycling nutrients,
preventing erosion and mudslides, controlling agricultural pests, and pollinating crops. Some
scientists have attempted to assign an economic value to these benefits. They arrived at an
average annual value of ecosystem services of $33 trillion, almost twice the global gross
national product for the year they published their results. Although rough, these estimates
make the important point that we cannot afford to take biodiversity for granted.
In this chapter, we'll examine the interactions among organisms and how those relation-
ships determine the features of communities. On a larger scale, we'll explore the dynamics
of ecosystems. Finally, we'll consi.
BIODIVERSITY & ITS TYPES
This document provides an overview of biodiversity. It defines biodiversity as the variety of life on Earth, including genetic diversity within species, species diversity within biological communities, and ecosystem diversity within and across landscapes. It discusses how biodiversity has evolved over 3.5 billion years and increased rapidly during the Cambrian explosion. While species diversity in the oceans has increased logistically, diversity on land has grown exponentially. The document also outlines different types of biodiversity like taxonomic diversity, ecological diversity, and genetic diversity. It notes that most terrestrial diversity is found in tropical forests and that an estimated 8.7 million species exist on Earth. The document concludes by discussing threats to biodiversity like habitat destruction and climate change, as well as conservation
Affect of Climate Change on Biodiversity
Climate change is negatively impacting biodiversity through causing changes in species distributions, phenology, and abundance, as well as coral bleaching and ecosystem loss. Biodiversity loss also exacerbates climate change by reducing natural carbon sinks like forests, soils, and peatlands. The two issues form a vicious cycle that is a major threat. Conserving biodiversity through measures like habitat protection can help address climate change by maintaining carbon storage and ecosystem services that build resilience. Coordinated global action is needed under frameworks like the Convention on Biological Diversity and Paris Agreement.
convesation of Biodiversity
This document discusses conservation of biological diversity or biodiversity. It defines biodiversity as all the living organisms on Earth, from microorganisms to plants and animals. Biodiversity exists at the genetic, species, and ecosystem levels. The origin of life on Earth began over 4 billion years ago. Factors that affect biodiversity include climate change, global warming, pollution, deforestation, food production practices, and human conflicts. Biodiversity provides many benefits and ecosystem services including food, medicines, materials, and ecological functions. It is important for resistance to catastrophes and each species depends on other species for survival in balanced ecosystems. Loss of biodiversity could destabilize ecosystems and agriculture. Some species now in danger of
Corporate Biodiversity Management: A Framework
Despite recognizing its materiality, businesses lack a roadmap to approach the issue of biodiversity - there is no clear framework on how to formulate and implement a biodiversity management plan at the corporate level. This presentation puts forth a step-wise corporate biodiversity management framework.
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在线办理(lboro毕业证书)拉夫堡大学毕业证学历证书一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(lboro毕业证书)拉夫堡大学毕业证学历证书》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
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四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
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◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
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2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
一比一原版西澳大学毕业证学历证书如何办理
原版定制【微信:741003700】《西澳大学毕业证学位证成绩单》【微信:741003700】成绩单 、雅思、外壳、留信学历认证永久存档查询，采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
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三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
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Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
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In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
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本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
学校原版(unuk学位证书)英国牛津布鲁克斯大学毕业证硕士文凭原版一模一样
原版定制【微信:bwp0011】《(unuk学位证书)英国牛津布鲁克斯大学毕业证硕士文凭》【微信:bwp0011】成绩单 、雅思、外壳、留信学历认证永久存档查询，采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信bwp0011】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信bwp0011】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
按照学校原版(UAL文凭证书)伦敦艺术大学毕业证快速办理
挂科购买【(UAL毕业证书)伦敦艺术大学毕业证】【176555708微信号】留学假毕业证成绩单、外壳、offer、留信学历认证（永久存档真实可查）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【我们承诺采用的是学校原版纸张（纸质、底色、纹路），我们拥有全套进口原装设备，特殊工艺都是采用不同机器制作，仿真度基本可以达到100%，所有工艺效果都可提前给客户展示，不满意可以根据客户要求进行调整，直到满意为止！】
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信176555708】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信176555708】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
留信网服务项目：
1、留学生专业人才库服务（留信分析）
2、国（境）学习人员提供就业推荐信服务
3、留学人员区块链存储服务
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）】
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：客户在留信官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
原版制作(Newcastle毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(Newcastle毕业证书)纽卡斯尔大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Environment Conservation Rules 2023 (ECR)-2023.pptx
Bangladesh Environment Conservation Rules 2023 (ECR-2023).
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
快速办理(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证在读证明一模一样
原件一模一样【微信：bwp0011】《(Calabria毕业证书)卡拉布里亚大学毕业证》【微信：bwp0011】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问微bwp0011
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【微bwp0011】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微bwp0011】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
Lessons from operationalizing integrated landscape approaches
Presented by James Reed at "9th Landscape Sustainability Science Forum" on 11 May 2024
Biomimicry in agriculture: Nature-Inspired Solutions for a Greener Future
Presentation made for the Webinar Series on Biomimicry for sustainability on 1st June 2024 organized by Green Building Council Sri Lanka
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Biodiversity
- 1. Reg.No: 15BIT0257 Date:05-08-2015 Isn’t it wonderful to see that so much diversity has been created by nature on this earth! Biodiversity refers to the variety and variabilityamong all groups of living organisms and the ecosystem complexes in which they occur. From the driest to the dense tropical rainforest and from the high snow-clad mountainpeaks to the deepest of the oceans. Life occurs in marvellous spectrum of forms, size, colour and shape. Can we imagine “a world with few species of living organism that could be counted on fingertip”. The biodiversityhas been defined as the variabilityamong living organism from all the source includinginter alia,terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystem. This is the diversity of ecologicalcomplexity showing variationsin ecologicalniches, trophic structure,
- 2. Reg.No: 15BIT0257 Date:05-08-2015 food-webs, nutrient cycling etc. Thisdiversity has developed over millions of years of evolutions. India’s major biogeographic habitats
- 3. Reg.No: 15BIT0257 Date:05-08-2015 VALUE OF BIODIVERSITY The value of biodiversityof commercial utility, ecological services, social and aesthetic value is enormous. We get benefits from other organism in innumerableways. Consumptive use value As food As fuel Productive use values (sheep, silk, lumber etc.) Social values Ethicalvalues “All life must be preserved” “Live and let Live”
- 4. Reg.No: 15BIT0257 Date:05-08-2015 THREATS TO BIODIVERSITY Over the last 150 years the rate of extinction has escalated more dramatically. Extinction is a natural event and, from a geological perspective, routine. We now know that most species that have ever lived have gone extinct. The average rate over the past 200 is 1-2 species per year, and 3-4 families per my. The average duration of a species is 2-10 million years (based on last 200 million years). There have also been occasional episodes of mass extinction, when many taxa representing a wide array of lifeforms have gone extinct in the same blink of geological time. If the present trend continues we would lose 1/3rd to 2/3rd of current biodiversity by middle of twenty second century. Reg.No: 15BIT0257 Date:05-08-2015
- 5. Reg.No: 15BIT0257 Date:05-08-2015 Loss of habitat Poaching Man-wildlifeconflicts Over hunting Globalwarming Deforestation
- 6. Reg.No: 15BIT0257 Date:05-08-2015 Conversationof Biodiversity Conservation is the protection, preservation, management, or restoration of wildlife and natural resources such as forests and water. Through the conservation of biodiversity the survival of many species and habitats which are threatened due to human activities can be ensured. Other reasons for conserving biodiversity include securing valuable Natural Resources for future generations and protecting the well-being of eco-system functions. A number of measures are now being taken the world over to conserve biodiversity including plants and wildlife. (a)In situ conservation (within habitat): This is achieved by protection of wild
- 7. Reg.No: 15BIT0257 Date:05-08-2015 flora and fauna in nature itself. E.g. Biosphere reserves, National parks, sanctuaries, Reserve forest etc. (b)Ex situ conservation (outside habitat): This is done by establishment of gene banks, seed banks, zoos, botanical gardens, cultures collection etc.
- 8. Reg.No: 15BIT0257 Date:05-08-2015 “If this is BIODIVERSITY then we have to save it” Submitted by:- Name : Ratnesh kanungo Reg no. 15BIT0257
- 9. About Me:- I am B.Tech (IT) Student at VIT (Vellore).This is a simple and short case study about the topic by me. Please keep tuned with me to know more about differ topics. You can join me on: - https://www.facebook.com/?q=#/ratnesh.kanungo And ask you quires about VIT at: - https://www.quora.com/profile/Ratnesh-Kanungo