This document discusses labor productivity in Thai rice farming using a typical farm approach. It finds that while rice production has increased nearly 4 times from 1967 to 2012, average yields remain relatively low at 2.87 tons/hectare. The rice labor force has significantly declined as a share of the total labor force due to industrialization and aging farmers. Farm mechanization has increased partly due to higher wages, with over 70% of farms now owning power tillers. Labor productivity is measured using a typical farm, finding 0.78 tons produced per labor day and 2.5 tons per harvester hour. Improving farm management skills, labor-saving technologies, and land consolidation are suggested to further increase productivity.