Beaker
Beakers hold solids or liquids that will not release gases when reacted or are unlikely to splatter if stirred or heated.
Beaker Tongs
Beaker tongs are used to move beakers containing hot liquids.
Erlenmeyer Flask
Erlenmeyer flasks hold solids or liquids that may release gases during a reaction or that are likely to splatter if stirred or heated.
Florence Flask
Rarely used in first year Biochemistry, it is used for the mixing of chemicals. Narrow neck prevents splash exposure.
Graduated Cylinder
A graduated cylinder is used to measure volumes of liquids.
Test Tubes
Test Tube Holder
A test tube holder is useful for holding a test tube which is too hot to handle.
Test Tube Brushes
Test tube brushes are used to clean test tubes and graduated cylinders.
Forcing a large brush into a small test tube will often break the tube.
Test Tube Racks
Test tube racks are for holding and organizing test tubes on the laboratory counter.
After washing flip test tube over on wooden peg to dry.
Rubber Stoppers
Rubber stoppers are used to close containers to avoid spillage or contamination.
Glass Stir Rod
A glass rod is used to manually stir solutions. It can also be used to transfer a single drop of a solution.
Forceps
Forceps (or tweezers) are used to pick up small objects.
Funnel
A funnel is used to aid in the transfer of liquid from one vessel to another.
Watch Glass
A watch glass is used to hold a small amount of solid, such as the product of a reaction.
Wash Bottle
A wash bottle has a spout that delivers a wash solution to a specific area. Distilled water is the only liquid that should be used in a wash bottle.
Weighing Boat
Weighing boats are used to weigh solids that will be transferred to another vessel.
Bunsen Burner
Bunsen burners are used for the heating of nonvolatile liquids and solids.
Evaporating Dish
The evaporating dish is used for the heating of stable solid compounds and elements.
Crucible
Crucibles are used for heating certain solids, particularly metals, to very high temperatures.
Clay Triangle
The clay triangle is used as a support for porcelein crucibles when being heated over a Bunsen burner.
Crucible Tongs
For handling hot crucibles; also used to pick up other hot objects. NOT to be used for picking up beakers!
Ringstands and their Components
Ringstand
Ringstands are a safe and convenient way to perform reactions that require heating using a Bunsen burner.
Ringstands and their Components Utility Clamps
Utility clamps are used to secure test tubes, distillation columns, and burets to the ringstand.
Ringstands and their Components Wire Gauze
Wire gauze sits on the iron ring to provide a place to stand a beaker.
Ringstands and their Components Double Buret Clamps
Double Buret clamps are used to burets – long graduated tubes used in titration.
Triangular File
Triangular files are used primarily to cut glass rod, a skill that your instructor will share with you when it becomes useful.
Litmus Paper
Red litmus paper is used to identify ba
This presentation will help you understand the common lab glassware & their uses. For more info please visit : https://www.scienceequip.com.au/glassware/
Laboratory apparatuses and equipment are indispensable tools in the laboratory. Their uses enable students to conduct accurately and systematically the experiments assigned to them for the day.
This presentation contains :-
1.Definition of comfort devices
2. Pillows
3. Purpose or use of pillow
4. Back rest
5. Use of back rest
6. Bed cradle
7. Use of bed cradle
8. Cardiac table
9. use of cardiac table
10. Mattresses
11. Use of mattresses
12. Air mattresses
13. Water mattress
14. Trapeze bar
15. use of trapeze bar
16. Foot board
17. use of foot board
18. Trochanter rolls
19. Sand bags
20, use of sand bags
21. Side rails
22. use of side rails
23. wedge /abductor pillow
24. Knee rest
25. Bed blocks
It talks about Contribution of Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek to the society. It also talks about his life style like a story. It also explains the contribution about microscope and micro organisms.
This presentation will help you understand the common lab glassware & their uses. For more info please visit : https://www.scienceequip.com.au/glassware/
Laboratory apparatuses and equipment are indispensable tools in the laboratory. Their uses enable students to conduct accurately and systematically the experiments assigned to them for the day.
This presentation contains :-
1.Definition of comfort devices
2. Pillows
3. Purpose or use of pillow
4. Back rest
5. Use of back rest
6. Bed cradle
7. Use of bed cradle
8. Cardiac table
9. use of cardiac table
10. Mattresses
11. Use of mattresses
12. Air mattresses
13. Water mattress
14. Trapeze bar
15. use of trapeze bar
16. Foot board
17. use of foot board
18. Trochanter rolls
19. Sand bags
20, use of sand bags
21. Side rails
22. use of side rails
23. wedge /abductor pillow
24. Knee rest
25. Bed blocks
It talks about Contribution of Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek to the society. It also talks about his life style like a story. It also explains the contribution about microscope and micro organisms.
I have attached here with 104 slides about Laboratory equipments and uses, Common laboratory techniques, Substances available in a laboratory (I. Solid II. Liquids III.Metals) Safety symbols and Lab safety
I have attached here with 104 pages of PDF about Laboratory equipments and uses, Common laboratory techniques, Substances available in a laboratory (I. Solid II. Liquids III.Metals) Safety symbols and Lab safety
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
Observation of Io’s Resurfacing via Plume Deposition Using Ground-based Adapt...Sérgio Sacani
Since volcanic activity was first discovered on Io from Voyager images in 1979, changes
on Io’s surface have been monitored from both spacecraft and ground-based telescopes.
Here, we present the highest spatial resolution images of Io ever obtained from a groundbased telescope. These images, acquired by the SHARK-VIS instrument on the Large
Binocular Telescope, show evidence of a major resurfacing event on Io’s trailing hemisphere. When compared to the most recent spacecraft images, the SHARK-VIS images
show that a plume deposit from a powerful eruption at Pillan Patera has covered part
of the long-lived Pele plume deposit. Although this type of resurfacing event may be common on Io, few have been detected due to the rarity of spacecraft visits and the previously low spatial resolution available from Earth-based telescopes. The SHARK-VIS instrument ushers in a new era of high resolution imaging of Io’s surface using adaptive
optics at visible wavelengths.
Cancer cell metabolism: special Reference to Lactate PathwayAADYARAJPANDEY1
Normal Cell Metabolism:
Cellular respiration describes the series of steps that cells use to break down sugar and other chemicals to get the energy we need to function.
Energy is stored in the bonds of glucose and when glucose is broken down, much of that energy is released.
Cell utilize energy in the form of ATP.
The first step of respiration is called glycolysis. In a series of steps, glycolysis breaks glucose into two smaller molecules - a chemical called pyruvate. A small amount of ATP is formed during this process.
Most healthy cells continue the breakdown in a second process, called the Kreb's cycle. The Kreb's cycle allows cells to “burn” the pyruvates made in glycolysis to get more ATP.
The last step in the breakdown of glucose is called oxidative phosphorylation (Ox-Phos).
It takes place in specialized cell structures called mitochondria. This process produces a large amount of ATP. Importantly, cells need oxygen to complete oxidative phosphorylation.
If a cell completes only glycolysis, only 2 molecules of ATP are made per glucose. However, if the cell completes the entire respiration process (glycolysis - Kreb's - oxidative phosphorylation), about 36 molecules of ATP are created, giving it much more energy to use.
IN CANCER CELL:
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
Unlike healthy cells that "burn" the entire molecule of sugar to capture a large amount of energy as ATP, cancer cells are wasteful.
Cancer cells only partially break down sugar molecules. They overuse the first step of respiration, glycolysis. They frequently do not complete the second step, oxidative phosphorylation.
This results in only 2 molecules of ATP per each glucose molecule instead of the 36 or so ATPs healthy cells gain. As a result, cancer cells need to use a lot more sugar molecules to get enough energy to survive.
introduction to WARBERG PHENOMENA:
WARBURG EFFECT Usually, cancer cells are highly glycolytic (glucose addiction) and take up more glucose than do normal cells from outside.
Otto Heinrich Warburg (; 8 October 1883 – 1 August 1970) In 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology for his "discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.
WARNBURG EFFECT : cancer cells under aerobic (well-oxygenated) conditions to metabolize glucose to lactate (aerobic glycolysis) is known as the Warburg effect. Warburg made the observation that tumor slices consume glucose and secrete lactate at a higher rate than normal tissues.
5. Erlenmeyer Flask
Erlenmeyer flasks hold
solids or liquids that may
release gases during a
reaction or that are
likely to splatter if
stirred or heated.
6. Florence Flask
Rarely used in first year
Biochemistry, it is used
for the mixing of
chemicals. Narrow neck
prevents splash
exposure.
8. Test Tubes
13 x 100 mm test tubes
10 x 75 mm test tubes
Ignition
tube
9. Test Tube Holder
A test tube holder is
useful for holding a
test tube which is
too hot to handle.
10. Test Tube Brushes
Test tube brushes are
used to clean test tubes
and graduated cylinders.
Forcing a large brush into
a small test tube will
often break the tube.
11. Test Tube Racks
Test tube racks are for holding
and organizing test tubes on
the laboratory counter.
After washing flip test tube
over on wooden peg to dry.
12. Rubber Stoppers
Rubber stoppers are used
to close containers to avoid
spillage or contamination.
Containers should never be
heated when there is a
stopper in place.
13. Glass Stir Rod
A glass rod is used to
manually stir solutions.
It can also be used to
transfer a single drop of
a solution.
15. Funnel
A funnel is used
to aid in the
transfer of liquid
from one vessel
to another.
16. Watch Glass
A watch glass is used to
hold a small amount of
solid, such as the
product of a reaction.
17. Wash Bottle
A wash bottle has a
spout that delivers a
wash solution to a
specific area. Distilled
water is the only liquid
that should be used in a
wash bottle.
22. Clay Triangle
The clay triangle is used
as a support for
porcelein crucibles when
being heated over a
Bunsen burner.
23. Crucible Tongs
For handling hot crucibles;
also used to pick up other
hot objects. NOT to be
used for picking up
beakers!
24. Ringstands and their Components
Ringstands are a safe and
convenient way to perform
reactions that require heating
using a Bunsen burner.
Ringstand
25. Ringstands and their Components
Utility Clamps
Utility clamps are used to
secure test tubes,
distillation columns, and
burets to the ringstand.
26. Ringstands and their Components
Wire Gauze
Wire gauze sits on the iron
ring to provide a place to
stand a beaker.
27. Ringstands and their Components
Double Buret Clamps
Double Buret
clamps are used to
burets – long
graduated tubes
used in titration.
28. Triangular File
Triangular files are
used primarily to cut
glass rod, a skill
that your instructor
will share with you
when it becomes
useful.
29. Litmus Paper
Red litmus paper is
used to identify
bases.
Blue litmus paper is
used to identify
acids.
30. Gas Collecting Bottle
We use gas collecting bottles
when large volumes of gases are
produced, and must be collected
by the displacement of water.
31. Medicine Dropper
A medicine dropper is
used to transfer a
small volume of liquid
(less than one mL).
On top of each medicine dropper is a “rubber bulb”
32. Mohr Pipet
A Mohr pipet
measures and
delivers exact
volumes of liquids.
33. Glass Plates
Glass plates provide a
surface for semi-micro
scale experiments,
such as drop reactions
and testing of acids
and bases.
34. Spatulas
Spatulas are used to
dispense solid chemicals
from their containers.
Chemicals should never
be transferred with
your bare hands.
35. Laboratory electric equipments
a. Spectrophotometer.
b. Centrifuge machine.
c. pH meter.
d. Balance machine.
e. Glucometer.
f. Oven/incubator.
g. Water bath.
36. Spectrophotometer
• An analytical
Instrument that
measures the
intensity of light
as a function of
its wavelength.
• Used for the
measurements of
transmittance and
reflections of
transparent or opaque
solutions.
37. Centrifuge Machine
• Centrifugation is
separation of
immiscible liquids
or solids from
liquids by
centrifugation
force on the basis
of their density.
38. pH meter
• Used for
measuring the pH.
• A typical pH
meter consists of
a special
measuring
electrode
connected to an
electronic meter
that measures pH
reading.
39. BALANCE
• Its an electronic
instrument used to
measure the mass
of a substance.
40. WATERBATH
• It is used to
incubate samples in
water maintained at
a constant
temperature.
• Temperature may be
controlled digitally or
by a dial and once
set, the water bath
cycles on and off to
ensure constancy of
the temperature.
41. Glucometer
• It is used for
determining the blood
glucose level
especially of the
diabetic people.
• A small drop of blood
obtained by pricking
of skin is placed on
a disposable strip
that the glucometer
reads .
42. Oven/ incubator
• It is used to grow
and maintain cell
cultures.
• It maintains the
optimum temperature,
humidity and other
conditions like carbon
dioxide and oxygen
contact of
atmosphere.
• Ovens are also used
to sterilize the
equipment
