Komlapur Railway,dhaka,bangladesh.

2. PreparedbyA.R.ATIQ
Kamlapur railway station in Dhaka, Bangladesh
A Project submitted
By
A.R.ATIQ
Student No: 11205026
&
Toukir Ahmed
Student No: 11205016
&
Md. Hafizur Rahman
Student No: 11205027
&
Faozul Kabir
Student No: 11205031
Submitted to Shumsun Nahar Siddique, Lecturer, Department of Civil Engineering,
University of Asia pacific.
January 2015

3. Index
PreparedbyA.R.ATIQ
List of contents Page
Introduction 1
History 1
Architectural value 2
Gauge 4
TYPE OF RAIL 5
Corrugate or Roaring Rail 6
Remedy 6
Wear of Rail 7
Sleepers 8
Wooden sleeper 8
Steel sleeper 9
Concrete Sleeper 10
Ballast 11
Subgrade and Formation 13
Use as network expansion by Grameen
phone
13
Over bridge 13
Track Fittings and Fastenings 14
Fittings for Wooden Sleepers 15
Spike 15
Types of spikes 15
Dog-spikes 15
Screw-spikes 17
Elastic Fastening 18
Pandrol Clip or Elastic rail Clip 19

4. Index
PreparedbyA.R.ATIQ
CURVATURE OF TRACK 20
Deficiency in super-elevation 21
Check rail on curve 22
Point & crossing 23
Direction of Turnout 24
Railway Switch 25
Crossing 28
Signal & interlocking 29
Different types of fixed signal 29
Interlocking 31
Train 31
In to Train 32
Maintenance 32
Notification 33
Offices 34
Railway station & Yard 35
Departmental offices 37
Loading & Unloading 39
Yard 40
Hotel & Restaurant 41
Restroom 41
Car parking 42
Environmental aspect 43
Consolation 44
References 45

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Introduction
Kamalapur Railway Station is the central railway station in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The station is the
largest in the country and the most important terminal for transportation between Dhaka and
the rest of Bangladesh. It is also one of the most modern and striking buildings in Dhaka designed
by American architect Robert Boughey. The railway station situated in the north-east side of
Motijheel, was established in early 1960's and started its operation from 1969. (1)
Coordinates 23°43′55″N 90°25′34″E
Line(s) Narayanganj-Bahadurabad
Ghat Line
Structure type Standard (on ground station)
Platforms 8
History
There was only one railway station in Fulbaria. After the partition of Bengal, Dhaka became an
important city and Kamalapur was selected for extension. Prior to the station being constructed,
the land was a paddy field. At the beginning of the 1960s the station was built, and at that time
it was one of the most important establishments in East Pakistan. It was mesmerizing to people
at that time as there were not many beautiful structures in Dhaka. At that time consulting
engineers, Pakistan LTD., established an architectural firm in Dhaka in 1960 named "Berger
Engineers" in collaboration with the American firm Luis Berger Inc. The company had several
architects working for them and teaching at East Pakistan University of Engineering and
technology designed many institutional buildings up to 1967. An inconsistency can be traced in
Figure: Ticket101
Figure: Statistics1

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their work as of them had little knowledge and of them had little knowledge and experience of
the local context, and often different architects were designing different architect building in the
server campus. Their works were comparatively national and neat. (1)
Architectural value
Kamalapur Railway Station was built by Robert Boughey, and the station reflects his own way of
style. The station is an architectural marvel, with a lotus-shaped shell structure covering
functional buildings like an umbrella, thus unifying all various spaced beneath it. Boughey was
one of the five American professors of architecture, who taught at the Bangladesh University of
Engineering and Technology, when the university begun the program in 1962. (1)
The station contains 21 ticket counters, and local tickers can be bought from 20 ticket counters.
Tickets are available to go to India. There are two vudas, one for first class, and the other for
Figure: Platform & Train (301)

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second class passengers. The station has eight platforms and there are two restaurants in front
of the ticket counters. There are also fast food shops near the ticket counters. (1)
Figure: Plate-form (201) Figure: Outside Plate-form (201)
Figure: Plate-form (201) Figure: Plate-form (201)

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Gauge
The Gauge of a railway track is defined as the clear minimum perpendicular distance between inner faces
of the two Rails.2
The standard track gauge - the distance between the two rails - is 4 ft. 8½ in or 1435 mm. but many other
gauges, wider and narrower than this, are in use around the world. Gauge is often intentionally widened
slightly on curved track. 2
Figure: Meter gauge (collected date 15-12-2014) (201)

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TYPE OF RAIL
The standard form of rail used around the world is the "flat bottom" rail. It has a wide base or
"foot" and narrower top or "head".2
1. Double headed rails
2. Bull headed rails
3. FIat footed rails
Broad
gauge
Meter
gauge
Figure: FIat footed rails (15-11-2014) (201)
Figure: Gauge (collected date 15-12-2014) (201)

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Corrugate or Roaring Rail
Remedy
Figure: Corrugate or Roaring Rail (15-11-2014)201
Figure: Corrugate rails (15-11-2014)201
Using
1. Red lead
2. Special paint
3. Bitumen
4. Coal tar
Figure: Remedy rails (15-11-2014)201

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Wear of Rail
Causes:2
1. Friction
2. Acceleration,
deceleration
&braking of
wheels.
3. Abrasion
4. Temperature
& moisture
change.
Burr
Figure: Wear in steel rail (15-11-2014)201

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Sleepers
Depending upon the material transverse/cross sleepers may is classified as-2
1. Wooden sleepers
2. Steel sleepers
3. Cast iron sleepers
4. Concrete sleepers
Figure: Wooden sleeper (02-01-2015)201
Wooden
sleeper
Wooden
sleeper
Wooden
sleeper
Wooden sleeper

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Figure: Steel sleeper (15-11-2014)201
Steel
sleeper
Steel
sleeper
Steel
sleeper
Steel sleeper

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Bangladesh
Railway Engineer
Concrete
Sleeper
Concrete
Sleeper
Concrete
Sleeper
Concrete
Sleeper
Figure: Concrete Sleeper (15-12-2014)201
(15-11-2014)
Concrete Sleeper
Concrete
Sleeper
Concrete
Sleeper

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Ballast
Ballast is a layer of broken stone, gravel or any other granular material placed and packed below
and around sleepers for distributing the load from the sleepers to the formation and for providing
drainage as well as giving longitudinal and lateral stability to the track.2
Requirements of good Ballast2
1. It should be tough and wear resistant.
2. It should not be brittle.
3. It should be hard enough so that it is not crushed under the moving loads.
4. It should be non-porous and non-absorbent of water.
5. It should provide good drainage of water.
6. It should be cheap and easily available.
Type of Ballas2
Following materials are used as ballast in a railway track:
1. Broken stone
2. Gravel
3. Ashes or cinders
4. Coarse Sand
5. Kankar
6. Moorum
7. Brickbats
8. Selected earth.
In Bangladesh mostly used broken stone &
Komlapur also used broken stone.
Ballast
Ballast
Figure: Ballast (15-11-2014)201
(15-11-2014)

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Ballast
Ballast
Ballast
Ballast
Figure: Ballast (15-11-2014)201
(15-11-2014)

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Subgrade and Formation
Subgrade is normally defined as the naturally occurring soil. Natural subgrade which can be
farther prepared to receive the ballast.2
Use as network expansion by Grameen phone
Over bridge
Connecting
wire
Figure: Wire joint (15-11-2014)201
(15-11-2014)
Figure: Over Bridge (15-11-2014)201
(15-11-2014)

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Track Fittings and Fastenings
The purpose of providing fittings and listening is to hold the rail in proper position for the
Smooth running of trains. These fittings and fastenings join rail with rail as well as fix the
Sleeper with rail. 3
Fish plates
Fish bolt
Figure: Fastening (fish plates) (15-11-2014)201

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Fittings for Wooden Sleepers
Spike
Spikes are used for fixing rail to the wooden sleepers. They can be used with or without
Bearing-plates below the rails.3
Types of spikes:
Various types of spikes have been used, the common being dog-spikes, screw-spikes, round
spikes and elastic-spikes.3
Dog-spikes3
The number of dog spike normally used as follows:
Location Number of Dog spikes
On straight track 2(one on either side & duly staggered)
On curved track 3(2 outside & 1 inside)
Joint sleeper, bridges 4(2 outside & 2 inside)
Figure: Dog spikes (15-11-2014)201
(15-11-2014)

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Figure: Dog spikes (15-11-2014)201
(15-11-2014)
**Joint sleeper**
4(2 outside & 2 inside)

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Screw-spikes
The screw-spikes are costly, dog-spikes are widely used. The driving operations are more or less
the same as in case of dog-spikes. They are also used on bridges and platform lines. As per extant
instructions, plat screws and rail screws should be used in preference to round spike sand dog
spikes to conserve the life of wooden sleepers.3
Screw-spike
are used
Screw-spike
are used
with chair
Figure: Screw spikes (15-11-2014)201
(15-11-2014)

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Elastic Fastening
Necessity for Elastic Fastening
The primary purpose of a fastening is to fix the rail with the sleeper. The fixing of the rail to the
sleeper rnay be done directly or indirectly with the help of the fastenings, but in the Process the
fastening is subjected to severe vertical, lateral and longitudinal forces.3
Figure: Screw spikes (15-11-2014)201
(15-11-2014)

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Pandrol Clip or Elastic rail Clip
Figure: Pandrol Clip or Elastic rail Clip (15-11-2014)201
(15-11-2014)
Pandrol Clip
Or
Elastic rail Clip
Pandrol Clip
Or
Elastic rail Clip

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CURVATURE OF TRACK
Necessity of a curve
A curve is to Provided 3
1. To bypass obstacles
2. To connect desired or important location
3. To have flat gradient
4. To match with the terrain
Figure: CURVATURE OF TRACK (15-11-2014)
(15-11-2014)

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Deficiency in super-elevation
Following condition should be satisfied:3
1. Considering main line, point B should be higher than point A.
2. Considering branch line, point A should be higher than point B.
Main
line
Branch
line
BA
Under
certain
condition, it
is possible
to provide
the
equilibrium
cant.
Figure: Deficiency in super-elevation (15-11-2014)201
(15-11-2014)

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Check rail on curve
Check rails are basically provided on sharp curve on the inner rail to reduce the lateral wear, on
the outer rails. They also prevent the outer wheel flange from mounting on the outer rail &
thus decrease the chances of derailment of the prides.3
Inner rail Check rail
Figure: Check rail on curve (15-11-2014)201
(15-11-2014)

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Point & crossing
Point & Crossing are provided to transfer train from one track to other. The tracks may be
parallel or diverging or converging each other.4
Various constituents of a turnout
Figure: Point & Crossing (15-11-2014)201
(15-11-2014)

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Direction of Turnout
A turnout is designated as right hand or left hand turnout depending upon whether the traffic is
diverted to right or to left respectively by turnout. 4
Figure: Left hand turn out (15-11-2014)201
(15-11-2014)

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Railway Switch
Mechanical switch
Figure: Mechanical switch (15-11-2014)201
(15-11-2014)
(15-11-2014)

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Mechanical switch cont.…….
Figure: Mechanical switch (15-11-2014)201
(15-11-2014)
(15-11-2014)

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Automated switch
Level box
Figure: Automated switch (15-11-2014)201
(15-11-2014)

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About Crossing
Crossing
angle
Figure: Crossing (15-11-2014)201
(15-11-2014)
(15-11-2014)

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Signal & interlocking
Classification of signals: 4
Characteristics Basis of classification Examples
Operational From of communication of
message in audible or visual
from
Audible: Detonators
Visual : Hand signals
Fixed signals etc.
Functional Communication the
information to driver to stop
or to move cautiously or to
carry shunting etc.
Stop signals, shunt signals,
speed indicators etc.
Locational Arrival or departure signals Outer, home, starter &
advanced starter signal etc.
Special Meant for special purposes Calling on signal, repeater
signals, speed indicators etc.
Different types of fixed signal
Figure: Fixed signal (02-01-2015)201
(15-11-2014)

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Figure: Fixed signal (15-11-2014)201
(15-11-2014)

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Interlocking
Interlocking is defined as electro/mechanical relationships established between various Levers
operating the signals and the points such that conflicting movement of trains are not at all
possible.4
The signal and interlocking system is so designed that failure of any equipment is always
on Safe side and puts the signal to 'ON’ position.4
Train
Figure: Demo train (15-11-2014)201
(15-11-2014)
(15-11-2014)
Figure: Normal Train (17-12-2014)201
Figure: Locomotive (15-11-2014)201
(15-11-2014)
(15-11-2014)
Figure: Inter-city train (17-12-2014)201
(15-11-2014)

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In to Train
Maintenance
Figure: Local train with driver (02-01-2015)201
(15-11-2014)
(15-11-2014)
Figure: Train maintenances (17-12-2014)201
(15-11-2014)
(15-11-2014)

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Notification
Figure: Notification (17-12-2014)201
(15-11-2014)

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Offices
Figure: offices (17-12-2014)201
(15-11-2014)
(15-11-2014)

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Railway station & Yard
Figure: Plate-form maintenances (17-12-2014)201
Figure: Bank on komlapur (17-12-2014)201
(15-11-2014)
(15-11-2014)
Figure: Counter (17-12-2014)201
(15-11-2014)
(15-11-2014)

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Railway station & Yard cont…
Figure: Counter (17-12-14)201
Figure: Fan Facilities (17-12-14)201
Figure: Digital Notification (17-12-14)201

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Departmental offices
Figure: Departmental offices (17-12-2014)201

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Figure: Departmental offices (17-12-2014)201

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Loading & Unloading
Its system of tracks laid out to deal with passenger as well as goods traffic being handled by railways.5
Figure: Departmental offices (17-12-2014)201
Booking
signature
Figure: Loading & unloading (17-12-2014)201

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Yard
Figure: Yard (15-11-2014 & 17-12-2014)201

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Hotel & Restaurant
Restroom
Figure: Hotel (15-11-2014 & 17-12-2014)201
Figure: Restroom (15-11-2014 & 17-12-2014)201

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Car parking
Parking
Figure: Car parking (15-11-2014 & 17-12-2014)201

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Environmental aspect
Figure: Environment (15-11-2014 & 17-12-2014)201
Figure: Environment (15-11-2014 & 17-12-2014)201

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Consolation
When the station was built, it was maintained very carefully. However, slowly, it lost its previous
condition. There are 47 local trains, 28 express trains and 24 inter-city trains going through the
station, and normally around 50 trains a day. The station has many security guards, station
masters, along with one station manager. Every day, thousands of people come through the
station. The trains go to any part of Bangladesh, except Barisal and Potuakhali. There is also a
train going direct to India from the station. The platforms are always populated. There are lots of
police and guards outside the station to control the area. The station is sometimes used as a
sleeping place for homeless people.

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References:
1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamalapur_railway_station (2-01-2015)
2. http://www.slideshare.net/abasiqur/ce-451-part-1rail-gauge (03-01-2015)
3. http://www.slideshare.net/abasiqur/ce-451-part-2-track-fitting-fastenings (03-
01-2015)
4. http://www.slideshare.net/abasiqur/ce-451-part-3-points-crossing (03-01-
2015)
101. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladesh_Railway (09-01-2015)
201. All photo were collected by group member (15-11-2014 &17-12-2014 & 02-
01-2015)
301. http://goo.gl/CyBvt3 (09-01-2015)