The document defines and provides formulas for various key performance indicators used to evaluate education systems, including: - Gross and net enrolment rates, which measure participation levels across different education levels. - Intake and promotion rates, which assess access and progression through education levels. - Repetition, dropout, and survival rates, which evaluate retention and efficiency. - Transition rates, which measure mobility between education levels. - Pupil-teacher ratios and other resources-based metrics, which indicate teaching capacity and conditions. The indicators are calculated using enrolment, population, and other administrative data to track progress and identify issues.

1. 1
KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

2. What is an indicator?
• A tool used to evaluate the performance of
the education system
• A tool used to report the status of the
education system to the community, to the
whole country and to the global community

3. What are the functions of an indicator?
• Measures how far or how close one is from an
objective
• Identifies problematic or unacceptable
situations
• Meets policy concerns
• Compares its value to a reference value, to a
standard or to itself

4. Gross Enrolment Rate (GER)
• Indicates the capacity of the school system to
prepare children to the different levels of
education system: Kindergarten, Grades 1-6,
Grades 7-10 & Grades 11-12
• The total enrolment for a particular education
level, regardless of age, expressed as a
percentage of the eligible official school-age
population of that particular education level in
a given school-year

5. Gross Enrolment Rate (GER)
• If the rate approaches 100% or surpassing
100%, the ratio indicates that the school
system is able to accommodate all children in
the official age-group.
• The GER can also be used together with the
NER to measure the extent of over-aged and
under-aged enrolment.
• High percentage indicates high degree of
access to a level of education.
• Should cover both public and private schools

6. Gross Enrolment Rate (GER)
Level Formula Where
Kindergarten Total Enrolment Kinder, SY N
--------------------------------- x 100
Population Age 5, SY N
Total Enrolment Kinder, SY N = Enrolment in Kinder (All ages)
Population Age 5, SY N = Projected population from PSA
Elementary
(Grades 1-6)
Total Enrolment Grades 1-6, SY N
------------------------------------- x 100
Population Age 6-11, SY N
Total Enrolment Grades 1-6, SY N = Enrolment in Grades 1-6 (All ages)
Population Age 6-11, SY N = Projected population from PSA
Junior HS
(Grades 7-10)
Total Enrolment Grades 7-10, SY N
-------------------------------------- x 100
Population Age 12-15, SY N
Total Enrolment Grades 7-10, SY N = Enrolment in Grades 7-10
(All ages)
Population Age 12-15, SY N = Projected population from PSA
Senior HS
(Grades 11-12)
Total Enrolment Grades 11-12, SY N
-------------------------------------- x 100
Population Age 16-17, SY N
Total Enrolment Grades 11-12, SY N = Enrolment in Grades 11-12
(All ages)
Population Age 16-17, SY N = Projected population from PSA

7. Net Enrolment Rate (NER)
– Provides a more precise measurement of the
extent of participation in a particular level of
education of children belonging to the official
primary school age.
• The enrolment in a particular education level
of the official school age-group expressed as a
percentage of the corresponding population.

8. Net Enrolment Rate (NER)
• Maximum value is 100%.
• High rate denotes high degree of participation
in a level of education of the school age-
group.
• If below 100%, the percentage difference
should not be considered as the proportion of
children not enrolled.
• The age-specific enrolment ratio is a more
precise complementary indicator, i.e, the level
of participation in education of the population
at each particular age.

9. Net Enrolment Rate (NER)
Level Formula Where
Kindergarten Enrolment Kinder (Age5), SY N
--------------------------------- x 100
Population Age 5, SY N
Enrolment Kinder (Age5), SY N = Enrolment in Kinder (Age 5)
Population Age 5, SY N = Projected population from PSA
Elementary
(Grades 1-6)
Enrolment Grades 1-6 (Ages6-11), SY N
--------------------------------------- x 100
Population Age 6-11, SY N
Enrolment Grades 1-6 (Ages6-11), SY N = Enrolment in Grades 1-6 (Ages
6-11)
Population Age 6-11, SY N = Projected population from PSA
Junior HS
(Grades 7-10)
Enrolment Grades 7-10 (Ages12-15), SY N
------------------------------------------ x 100
Population Age 12-15, SY N
Enrolment Grades 7-10 (Ages12-15), SY N = Enrolment in Grades 7-10
(Ages 12-15)
Population Age 12-15, SY N = Projected population from PSA
Senior HS
(Grades 11-12)
Enrolment Grades 11-12 (Ages16-17), SY N
------------------------------------------ x 100
Population Age 16-17, SY N
Enrolment Grades 11-12 (Ages16-17), SY N = Enrolment in Grades 11-12
(Ages 16-17)
Population Age 16-17, SY N = Projected population from PSA

10. Apparent/Gross Intake Rate (GIR)
• Reflects the general level of access to
elementary education
• Indicates the capacity of the education system
to provide access to Kindergarten for the
official school-entrance age population
• High percentage indicates high degree of
access to elementary education
• Includes over-aged and under-aged pupils in
new entrants to Kindergarten.

11. Apparent/Gross Intake Rate (GIR)
Formula Where
New Entrants Kinder, SY N
------------------------------ x 100
Population Age 5, SY N
New Entrants Kinder, SY N = Total Kinder Enrolment – Total Kinder
Repeaters
Population Age 5, SY N = Projected Population of PSA

12. Net Intake Rate (NIR)
• Includes only those new entrants to
Kindergarten pupils who are of official school-
entrance age
• More precise measurement of access to
elementary education of the eligible,
elementary school-entrance age population
than does the AIR
• High rate means high degree of access to
elementary education for the official school-
entrance age.
• Should not exceed 100%

13. Net Intake Rate (NIR)
Formula Where
New Entrants Kinder (Age 5), SY N
----------------------------------- x 100
Population Age 5, SY N
New Entrants Kinder (Age 5), SY N = Kinder Enrolment Age 5 – Kinder
Repeaters Age 5
Population Age 5, SY N = Projected Population of PSA

14. • The Promotion Rate assesses the extent of
pupils/students who are promoted to the next
grade level.
• The grade 6/12 promotion rate is the graduation
rate for the elementary/secondary level.
Promotion/Graduation Rate

15. Promotion/Graduation Rate
Level Formula Where
Elementary
(Grades 1-5)/
Secondary
(Grades 7-11)
Promotees Gr X, SY N
-------------------------- x 100
Enrolment Gr X, SY N
Promotees Gr X, SY N = EOSY Promotees
Enrolment Gr X, SY N = BOSY Enrolment
Elementary
(Grades 6)/
Secondary
(Grades 12)
Graduates Gr X, SY N
-------------------------- x 100
Enrolment Gr X, SY N
Graduates Gr X, SY N = EOSY Promotees
Enrolment Gr X, SY N = BOSY Enrolment

16. • Determines the magnitude of
pupils/students who repeat a grade
level.
• A high repetition rate implies high
wastage
Repetition Rate

17. Repetition Rate
Level Formula Where
Elementary
(Grades 1-6)/
Secondary
(Grades 7-12)
RepeatersGr X, SYN
--------------------------- x 100
Enrolment Gr X, SYN-1
RepeatersGr X, SYN = RepeatersCurrent SY
Enrolment Gr X, SYN-1 = BOSY Enrolment PreviousSY

18. • Also known as dropout rate.
• It covers both pupils/students who do not finish
a particular grade level as well as those who
finish but fail to enroll in the next grade level the
following school year.
School Leaver Rate

19. School Leaver Rate
Level Formula
Elementary
(Grades 1-6)/
Secondary
(Grades 7-12)
(Enrolment Gr X, SY N-1 - RepeatersGr X, SY N) - (Enrolment Gr X+1, SY N - RepeatersGr X+1, SY N)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- x 100
Enrolment Gr X, SY N-1
Where:
Enrolment Gr X, SY N-1 = BOSY Enrolment Previous SY
Enrolment Gr X+1, SY N = BOSY Enrolment Current SY
RepeatersGr X, SY N = Repeaters Current SY
RepeatersGr X+1, SY N
Or Using Reconstructed Method:
1 - Promotion Rate - Repetition Rate

20. • The Cohort Survival Rate (CSR) computes the
percentage of a cohort of pupils/students who
are able to reach Grade 6/12.
• Used to assess the internal efficiency and
“wastage” in education.
• Two methods in deriving the CSR: the old and
the reconstructed cohort method
Survival Rate to Grade 6/12

21. Survival Rate to Grade 6/12
Level Formula Where
Elementary
(Grade 6)
Enrolment Gr 6, SYN
--------------------------- x 100
Enrolment Gr 1, SYN-5
Enrolment Gr 6, SYN = Beginning of School Year (BOSY) Grade 6 Enrol
ment Current SY
Enrolment Gr 1, SYN-5 = BOSY Grade 1 Enrolment 5 years ago
Secondary
(Grade 12)
Enrolment Gr 12, SYN
---------------------------- x 100
Enrolment Gr 7, SYN-5
Enrolment Gr 12, SYN = BOSYGrade 12 Enrolment Current SY
Enrolment Gr 7, SYN-5 = BOSYGrade 7 Enrolment 5 years ago

22. Simple Dropout Rate
• Calculates the percentage of
pupils/students who do not finish
a particular grade level.
• Does not capture pupils/students
who finish a grade level but do
not enroll in the next grade level
the following school year.

23. Simple Dropout Rate
Level Formula Where
Elementary
(Grades 1-6)/
Secondary
(Grades 7-12)
DropoutsGrX, SYN
-------------------------- x 100
Enrolment GrX, SYN
Dropouts GrX, SYN =EOSYDropoutsCurrent SY
Enrolment GrX, SYN =BOSYEnrolmentCurrentSY

24. Transition Rate
• Assesses the extent by which pupils are able to
move to the next higher level of education (i.e.
primary to intermediate and elementary to
secondary).
• Indicates the degree of access to the next
higher level, measuring the upward mobility in
the educational hierarchy
• High transition rates indicate high access or
transition from one level of education to the
next.

25. Transition Rate
Level Formula Where
Elementary to
Junior HS
(Grade 6 to 7)
New Entrants Gr.7, SY N
------------------------------ x 100
Enrolment Gr 6, SY N-1
New Entrants Gr.7, SY N = Enrolment – Repeaters (Current SY)
Enrolment Gr 6, SY N-1 = Enrolment (Previous SY)
Junior HS to
Senior HS
(Grade 10 to 11)
New Entrants Gr.11, SY N
------------------------------ x 100
Enrolment Gr 10, SY N-1
New Entrants Gr.11, SY N = Enrolment – Repeaters (Current SY)
Enrolment Gr 10, SY N-1 = Enrolment (Previous SY)

26. Retention Rate
• Determines the degree of
pupils/students in a particular school
year who continue to be in school in
the succeeding year.

27. Retention Rate
Level Formula Where
Elementary
(Grades 1-6)
Enrolment Gr 2-6, SY N
---------------------------- x 100
Enrolment Gr 1-5, SY N-1
Enrolment Gr 2-6, SY N = BOSY Enrolment Grades 2-6, Current SY
Enrolment Gr 1-5, SY N-1 = BOSY Enrolment Grades 1-5, Previous SY
Secondary
(Grades 7-12)
Enrolment Gr 8-12, SY N
---------------------------- x 100
Enrolment Gr 7-11, SY N-1
Enrolment Gr 8-12, SY N = BOSY Enrolment Grades 8-12, Current SY
Enrolment Gr 7-11, SY N-1 = BOSY Enrolment Grades 7-11, Previous SY

28. Pupil-Teacher Ratio
• Average number of pupils/students per teacher at a
specific level of education in a given school-year.
• A high teacher pupil-ratio suggests that each
teacher has to be responsible for a large number of
pupils.
• A low number of pupils per teacher indicate pupils
will have a better chance of contact with the
teachers and hence a better teaching-learning
process.

29. Pupil-Teacher Ratio
Level Formula Where
Elementary
(Grades 1-6)
Enrolment Gr 1-6, SY N
--------------------------- x 100
Teachers Gr 1-6, SY N
Enrolment Gr 1-6, SY N = BOSY Enrolment Grades 1-6
Teachers Gr 1-6, SY N = Teachers Grades 1-6
Junior HS
(Grades 7-10)
Enrolment Gr 7-10, SY N
---------------------------- x 100
Teachers Gr 7-10, SY N
Enrolment Gr 7-10, SY N = BOSY Enrolment Grades 7-10
Teachers Gr 7-10, SY N = Teachers Grades 7-10
Senior HS
(Grades 11-12)
Enrolment Gr 11-12, SY N
---------------------------- x 100
Teachers Gr 11-12, SY N
Enrolment Gr 11-12, SY N = BOSY Enrolment Grades 11-12
Teachers Gr 11-12, SY N = Teachers Grades 11-12

30. Pupil-Classroom Ratio
• Refers to the average number of learners per
classroom in the elementary or secondary
education in a given school-year.

31. Pupil-Classroom Ratio
Level Formula Where
Elementary
(Grades 1-6)
Enrolment Gr 1-6, SY N
--------------------------- x 100
Classroom Gr 1-6, SY N
Enrolment Gr 1-6, SY N = BOSY Enrolment Grades 1-6
Classroom Gr 1-6, SY N = Instructional Rooms for Grades 1-6
Junior HS
(Grades 7-10)
Enrolment Gr 7-10, SY N
---------------------------- x 100
Classroom Gr 7-10, SY N
Enrolment Gr 7-10, SY N = BOSY Enrolment Grades 7-10
Classroom Gr 7-10, SY N = Instructional Rooms for Grades 7-10
Senior HS
(Grades 11-12)
Enrolment Gr 11-12, SY N
---------------------------- x 100
Classroom Gr 11-12, SY N
Enrolment Gr 11-12, SY N = BOSY Enrolment Grades 11-12
Classroom Gr 11-12, SY N = Instructional Rooms for Grades 11-12

32. Pupil-Seat Ratio
• The average number of learners per seat
(armchair/desk) in the elementary or secondary
education in a given school-year

33. Pupil-Seat Ratio
Level Formula Where
Elementary
(Grades 1-6)
Enrolment Gr 1-6, SY N
--------------------------- x 100
Seats Gr 1-6, SY N
Enrolment Gr 1-6, SY N = BOSY Enrolment Grades 1-6
Seats Gr 1-6, SY N = Seats (1-armchair; 2-desk) for Grades 1-6
Junior HS
(Grades 7-10)
Enrolment Gr 7-10, SY N
---------------------------- x 100
Seats Gr 7-10, SY N
Enrolment Gr 7-10, SY N = BOSY Enrolment Grades 7-10
Seats Gr 7-10, SY N = Seats (1-armchair; 2-desk) for Grades 7-10
Senior HS
(Grades 11-12)
Enrolment Gr 11-12, SY N
--------------------------- x 100
Seats Gr 11-12, SY N
Enrolment Gr 11-12, SY N = BOSY Enrolment Grades 11-12
Seats Gr 11-12, SY N = Seats (1-armchair; 2-desk) for Grades 11-12

34. Gender Parity Index (GPI)
• Calculated as the ratio of the selected indicator
value for girls divided by the indicator value for
boys.
• A value of less than one indicates a difference in
favor of boys; a value above one indicates a
difference in favor of girls.
• A value close to 1 (one) indicates gender parity.
For gender parity to GPI should be in the range of
0.97and 1.03.

35. Gender Parity Index (GPI)
Level Formula Where
Elementary
(Grades 1-6)/
Secondary
(Grades 7-12)
Female
-----------
Male
Female = Value of Indicator for Girls (Female)
Male = Value of Indicator for Boys (Male)

36. School Level Indicators
• Repetition rate
• Simple dropout rate
• Promotion/Graduation rate
• Ratios (PTR, PCR, PSR)
• GPIs
Note: The rest of the indicators are computable
at division, region and national levels only.

37. COMPARISON OF
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

38. 106.97%
91.94%
110.93%
79.69%
87.73%
66.74%
0.00%
20.00%
40.00%
60.00%
80.00%
100.00%
120.00%
GER Kinder NER Kinder
2017-2018 2018-2019 2019-2020
COMPARISON OF GER & NER
KINDERGARTEN

39. Comparison of GER & NER
Elementary (Grades 1 to 6)
109.22%
95.75%
105.96%
96.78%
103.36%
96.10%
85.00%
90.00%
95.00%
100.00%
105.00%
110.00%
115.00%
GER Elem NER Elem
2017-2018 2018-2019 2019-2020

40. Comparison of GER & NER
Junior High School
92.11%
70.64%
101.50%
81.01%
106.34%
83.45%
0.00%
20.00%
40.00%
60.00%
80.00%
100.00%
120.00%
GER JHS NER JHS
2017-2018 2018-2019 2019-2020