A good poultry health management is an important component of poultry production. Infectious disease causing agents will spread through a flock very quickly because of the high stocking densities of commercially housed poultry.
For poultry health management to be effective a primary aim must be to prevent the onset of disease or parasites, to recognize at an early stage the presence of disease or parasites, and to treat all flocks that are diseased or infested with parasites as soon as possible and before they develop into a serious condition or spread to other flocks. To be able to do this it is necessary to know how to recognize that the birds are diseased, the action required for preventing or minimising disease and how to monitor for signs that the prevention program is working.
The document describes different types of traps used for pest surveillance, including light traps, bait traps, pheromone traps, and sticky traps. Light traps use a light source to attract moths, hoppers, and beetles but can also trap non-target species. Bait traps rely on attractants like food but the bait needs frequent changing. Pheromone traps use synthetic sex pheromones to attract specific pest species without needing power. Sticky traps are used to monitor pests like whiteflies, thrips, and aphids but can also trap beneficial insects.
Housing is the most important component in poultry production, constituting 85% of capital investments. A good poultry house protects birds from extreme weather, predators, and theft while enabling better management of feeding, disease control, and breeding. Key characteristics include comfort, sufficient space, temperature regulation, and protection from rain, sun, and wind. Proper site selection and design/construction materials along with practices like all-in/all-out flock housing systems and adequate distance between houses prevent disease spread. Ventilation, insulation, roof/floor design, and rat proofing are also important housing considerations.
This document discusses housing requirements for different types of pigs. Good housing helps farmers successfully raise piglets to market weight. Pigs' housing needs change with their growth stages and temperatures must be regulated. Specific housing guidelines are provided for boar pens, gilt/sow pens, farrowing pens, weaner/finishing houses, and outdoor options. Key factors discussed include pen sizes, ventilation, temperature control, and infrastructure for feeding, watering, and waste removal. Proper housing is important to the health and productivity of pig farming.
This presentation discusses the economic importance of silk. It begins by providing an overview of silk production in India, noting that India is the second largest producer. It then discusses the various qualities and uses of silk fibers, including in textiles, parachutes, medical dressings and more. The presentation provides statistics on varieties of silk produced in India. It also discusses the human skills involved in silk production. In conclusion, it notes that sericulture can generate high incomes with low investment, especially for small farmers, and discusses the research and extension systems that support the silk industry.
1) The document discusses the introduction, augmentation, and conservation of natural enemies.
2) There are two types of releases for augmentation - inoculative releases which aim to reestablish natural enemies through subsequent generations, and inundative releases which involve mass culture and direct suppression of pest populations.
3) Conservation of natural enemies can be achieved through rational pesticide use, providing food and shelter, suppressing ants, beneficial management practices, properly timing releases, and using trap cropping.
This document discusses biosecurity practices for poultry farms. It defines biosecurity as measures taken to prevent the introduction and spread of infectious diseases in poultry flocks. The objectives of biosecurity are to minimize disease risks and prevent the spread of disease within and between flocks. Key biosecurity practices include controlling human, vehicle, equipment and livestock movement; sanitation procedures; and vaccination/testing programs. Potential disease carriers include birds, rodents, insects, equipment, vehicles, feed, water and waste. The document outlines three levels of biosecurity - conceptual, structural and operational.
A good poultry health management is an important component of poultry production. Infectious disease causing agents will spread through a flock very quickly because of the high stocking densities of commercially housed poultry.
For poultry health management to be effective a primary aim must be to prevent the onset of disease or parasites, to recognize at an early stage the presence of disease or parasites, and to treat all flocks that are diseased or infested with parasites as soon as possible and before they develop into a serious condition or spread to other flocks. To be able to do this it is necessary to know how to recognize that the birds are diseased, the action required for preventing or minimising disease and how to monitor for signs that the prevention program is working.
The document describes different types of traps used for pest surveillance, including light traps, bait traps, pheromone traps, and sticky traps. Light traps use a light source to attract moths, hoppers, and beetles but can also trap non-target species. Bait traps rely on attractants like food but the bait needs frequent changing. Pheromone traps use synthetic sex pheromones to attract specific pest species without needing power. Sticky traps are used to monitor pests like whiteflies, thrips, and aphids but can also trap beneficial insects.
Housing is the most important component in poultry production, constituting 85% of capital investments. A good poultry house protects birds from extreme weather, predators, and theft while enabling better management of feeding, disease control, and breeding. Key characteristics include comfort, sufficient space, temperature regulation, and protection from rain, sun, and wind. Proper site selection and design/construction materials along with practices like all-in/all-out flock housing systems and adequate distance between houses prevent disease spread. Ventilation, insulation, roof/floor design, and rat proofing are also important housing considerations.
This document discusses housing requirements for different types of pigs. Good housing helps farmers successfully raise piglets to market weight. Pigs' housing needs change with their growth stages and temperatures must be regulated. Specific housing guidelines are provided for boar pens, gilt/sow pens, farrowing pens, weaner/finishing houses, and outdoor options. Key factors discussed include pen sizes, ventilation, temperature control, and infrastructure for feeding, watering, and waste removal. Proper housing is important to the health and productivity of pig farming.
This presentation discusses the economic importance of silk. It begins by providing an overview of silk production in India, noting that India is the second largest producer. It then discusses the various qualities and uses of silk fibers, including in textiles, parachutes, medical dressings and more. The presentation provides statistics on varieties of silk produced in India. It also discusses the human skills involved in silk production. In conclusion, it notes that sericulture can generate high incomes with low investment, especially for small farmers, and discusses the research and extension systems that support the silk industry.
1) The document discusses the introduction, augmentation, and conservation of natural enemies.
2) There are two types of releases for augmentation - inoculative releases which aim to reestablish natural enemies through subsequent generations, and inundative releases which involve mass culture and direct suppression of pest populations.
3) Conservation of natural enemies can be achieved through rational pesticide use, providing food and shelter, suppressing ants, beneficial management practices, properly timing releases, and using trap cropping.
This document discusses biosecurity practices for poultry farms. It defines biosecurity as measures taken to prevent the introduction and spread of infectious diseases in poultry flocks. The objectives of biosecurity are to minimize disease risks and prevent the spread of disease within and between flocks. Key biosecurity practices include controlling human, vehicle, equipment and livestock movement; sanitation procedures; and vaccination/testing programs. Potential disease carriers include birds, rodents, insects, equipment, vehicles, feed, water and waste. The document outlines three levels of biosecurity - conceptual, structural and operational.
1. The document discusses various rodent, mite, and bird pests and their management. It describes several common rodent species like house mouse, house rat, field mouse and brown rat.
2. It also discusses different mite species like spider mites, broad mites, rust mites and their damage symptoms. Predatory and parasitic mite species are also mentioned.
3. Common bird pests like crows, parrots and house sparrows that damage crops are described. The document provides details on the morphology, life stages, economic importance and classification of these vertebrate and invertebrate pests.
This document provides an overview of broiler management practices from receiving day-old chicks to harvest. It discusses pre-arrival management including housing preparation through disinfection. It emphasizes the importance of an all-in, all-out production system and details best practices for receiving chicks, maintaining optimal house environment, brooder management, nutrition, vaccination schedules, and carcass disposal. The goal of broiler management is to implement efficient practices that maximize production and profits while minimizing disease risks through the 8-week grow-out period.
Varun das v s power point presentation on sericulturemohanansoumya60
Sericulture is the process of rearing silkworms for the production of silk. The most widely used silkworm is Bombyx mori. The silkworm lays thousands of eggs and the larvae feed on mulberry leaves. The silkworm spins approximately 1 mile of filament and encloses itself in a cocoon in 2-3 days. Sericulture is a cottage industry that provides employment and helps alleviate poverty in rural areas as it is a profitable activity with indigenous low-cost technology and regular returns.
This document discusses the process of catching and transporting birds to the processing plant. It explains that birds are prevented from feed for 8 hours before processing to prevent contamination. Birds are caught manually or through mechanical harvesters to reduce stress and injury. They should be caught at dawn or dusk and protected from extreme weather during transport. Stress from catching can be acute from handling or chronic from lack of feed/long transport, leading to poorer meat quality, so precautions like wetting birds and minimizing stops/delays are recommended.
The document provides guidelines for maintaining optimal incubation temperature, humidity, ventilation, and moisture levels for hatching eggs. Key points include:
- Maintain an incubation temperature of 99-102°F, with 100-101°F ideal, measured at egg level. Overheating damages embryos more than underheating.
- Humidity should be 50-55% for most of incubation, rising to 60-65% for the final 3 days to aid hatching. Moisture is provided by a water pan under the eggs.
- Ventilation increases as incubation progresses, with vents fully open the last 3 days to allow gas exchange while maintaining proper humidity.
The document discusses the various types of equipment used in hatcheries, including different types of incubators for eggs (kerosene, hot water, forced draft in sizes from small to large), setters and hatchers, generators, air conditioners, egg candlers, trays, fumigation chambers, trolleys, sexing equipment, chick boxes, trucks, and controllers for climate and incubation temperature. Equipment is used at various stages of incubation and hatching for eggs to successfully incubate and hatch chicks.
The document discusses the importance of effective cleaning and disinfecting (C&D) processes between poultry flocks to reduce disease transmission. It outlines the key steps in C&D, including removing the previous flock and litter, sanitizing the feed and water systems, applying disinfectants, and allowing adequate idle time between flocks. Common disinfectants used on poultry farms include phenols, hypochlorites, iodophors, quaternary ammonium compounds, and oxidizing agents. A well-designed C&D program is critical for maintaining farm biosecurity and improving flock performance.
Helicoverpa armigera, commonly known as the gram pod borer, was reared on both natural Bengal gram food and artificial diet. When reared on Bengal gram, the larval period was 25 days and pupal period was 11 days, while on artificial diet the larval period was 22.1 days and pupal period was 14.1 days. Fecundity (number of eggs per family) was higher at 300 when reared on Bengal gram versus 130 on artificial diet. Precautions for mass rearing included rearing second instar larvae individually to avoid cannibalism, not placing more than 5 pairs per jar for oviposition, and sterilizing diet and cotton plugs in an
The document discusses various weed killer insects that are used for biological control of invasive weeds. It provides examples of 8 weed-insect pairs: 1) Prickly pear-Cactus moth and Cochineal scale, 2) Common lantana-Lantana fly and lace bug, 3) Congress grass-Chrysomelid beetle, 4) Crofton weed-Tephritid fly, 5) Siam weed-Moth, 6) Water hyacinth-Water hyacinth beetles, 7) Alligator weed-Flea beetle, 8) Water ferns-Beetle. For each pair, it describes the origin of the weed, the weed-
This document discusses biosecurity practices in poultry farming and their impact on bird flu. It defines biosecurity as programs designed to protect birds from disease by minimizing traffic of viruses, bacteria, and other pathogens onto farms. Key aspects of biosecurity include isolation of birds from outside pathogens, controlling traffic on farms, and sanitation of facilities, equipment and feed. Adhering to biosecurity practices such as limiting visitors, quarantining new birds, cleaning facilities between flocks, and controlling rodents and wild birds can help prevent the spread of infectious diseases in poultry.
Insects are an important part of agricultural systems as pollinators, scavengers, and beneficial enemies of pests. Insects can also be pests that cause severe damage to crops and act as vectors for diseases.
This presentation summarizes information about low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) in poultry. It discusses the signs of LPAI, which include loss of activity, appetite, and egg production as well as coughing and sneezing. While there is no treatment for LPAI, antibiotics can prevent secondary infections. The presentation emphasizes biosecurity as the best prevention method against avian influenza. Key biosecurity practices include limiting access to farms, cleaning and disinfecting equipment, isolating sick birds, and implementing pest control. Adhering to basic biosecurity standards like restricting visitors, requiring protective clothing, and maintaining foot baths can help control the spread of LPAI.
Rabies is a fatal viral disease transmitted through the saliva of infected mammals, most commonly dogs. The virus causes acute encephalitis and ultimately death. There are 5 stages of rabies infection: incubation, prodromal, acute neurological, coma, and death or recovery. Post-exposure prophylaxis includes wound cleansing, rabies immunoglobulin, and rabies vaccination to prevent the virus from reaching the central nervous system. Mass dog vaccination and stray dog control are important for rabies prevention.
Physical and mechanical control methods modify the environment or use physical force to manage pest populations. Temperature, moisture, light, and sound can all be manipulated to exceed insect tolerance thresholds. High temperatures from sun drying grains or hot water treatments can kill pests. Low temperatures in cold storage facilities also control certain insects. Mechanical methods directly kill pest life stages through actions like hand picking, crushing, or using machines that apply centrifugal force. Physical barriers like banding, netting, or traps can exclude pests from infested areas. While requiring more labor than chemicals, physical and mechanical control have merits like utilizing local labor and posing less ecological risk than pesticides when properly applied.
Management of Poultry House Ventilation by Dr.Muhammad Ashiq ToorAshiq Toor
This document discusses managing poultry house ventilation. It describes two types of ventilation systems - natural airflow and mechanical airflow using fans. For mechanical ventilation, it explains positive and negative pressure systems. The document focuses on mechanical ventilation and discusses minimum ventilation for cold weather, tunnel ventilation for hot weather, and transitional ventilation for moderate weather. It provides details on components of mechanical ventilation systems including fans, inlets, controllers, sensors and formulas for calculating their sizes and settings based on house dimensions and number of birds.
This document provides information on mass production techniques for Trichogramma and nuclear polyhedrosis viruses (NPVs). It describes the steps for rearing the rice grain moth Corcyra cephalonica which is used as a host for producing Trichogramma. The techniques for mass rearing Trichogramma including parasitizing Corcyra eggs and storing the parasitized eggs are summarized. It also outlines the basic steps for mass producing NPVs which involve rearing host insects like Helicoverpa armigera on artificial diet, infecting the larvae with viruses, harvesting and purifying the viruses. Field application doses of different NPVs for crops are also mentioned.
This document discusses various types of equipment used in poultry farming. It describes incubators for hatching eggs, different types of watering systems like basin and jar or nipple drinkers. It also outlines various feeding systems such as linear troughs, circular troughs, and automatic cage feeders. Other equipment covered includes brooders, nests, perches, debeakers, candlers, ventilation fans, sprayers, and sensors. Maintaining proper equipment is essential for successful poultry farming operations.
This document discusses pests that can infest stored grains and describes strategies for managing pest infestations. It identifies two main types of pests - primary pests that can directly infest grains and secondary pests that infest already damaged grains. Specific primary pests of cereals and pulses are outlined. The document also recommends an integrated pest management approach involving preventative maintenance, non-chemical controls, and pesticide use to control pests in storage rooms, buildings, warehouses, and processing areas. Frequent inspections are emphasized to ensure management strategies are effective.
1. The document discusses various rodent, mite, and bird pests and their management. It describes several common rodent species like house mouse, house rat, field mouse and brown rat.
2. It also discusses different mite species like spider mites, broad mites, rust mites and their damage symptoms. Predatory and parasitic mite species are also mentioned.
3. Common bird pests like crows, parrots and house sparrows that damage crops are described. The document provides details on the morphology, life stages, economic importance and classification of these vertebrate and invertebrate pests.
This document provides an overview of broiler management practices from receiving day-old chicks to harvest. It discusses pre-arrival management including housing preparation through disinfection. It emphasizes the importance of an all-in, all-out production system and details best practices for receiving chicks, maintaining optimal house environment, brooder management, nutrition, vaccination schedules, and carcass disposal. The goal of broiler management is to implement efficient practices that maximize production and profits while minimizing disease risks through the 8-week grow-out period.
Varun das v s power point presentation on sericulturemohanansoumya60
Sericulture is the process of rearing silkworms for the production of silk. The most widely used silkworm is Bombyx mori. The silkworm lays thousands of eggs and the larvae feed on mulberry leaves. The silkworm spins approximately 1 mile of filament and encloses itself in a cocoon in 2-3 days. Sericulture is a cottage industry that provides employment and helps alleviate poverty in rural areas as it is a profitable activity with indigenous low-cost technology and regular returns.
This document discusses the process of catching and transporting birds to the processing plant. It explains that birds are prevented from feed for 8 hours before processing to prevent contamination. Birds are caught manually or through mechanical harvesters to reduce stress and injury. They should be caught at dawn or dusk and protected from extreme weather during transport. Stress from catching can be acute from handling or chronic from lack of feed/long transport, leading to poorer meat quality, so precautions like wetting birds and minimizing stops/delays are recommended.
The document provides guidelines for maintaining optimal incubation temperature, humidity, ventilation, and moisture levels for hatching eggs. Key points include:
- Maintain an incubation temperature of 99-102°F, with 100-101°F ideal, measured at egg level. Overheating damages embryos more than underheating.
- Humidity should be 50-55% for most of incubation, rising to 60-65% for the final 3 days to aid hatching. Moisture is provided by a water pan under the eggs.
- Ventilation increases as incubation progresses, with vents fully open the last 3 days to allow gas exchange while maintaining proper humidity.
The document discusses the various types of equipment used in hatcheries, including different types of incubators for eggs (kerosene, hot water, forced draft in sizes from small to large), setters and hatchers, generators, air conditioners, egg candlers, trays, fumigation chambers, trolleys, sexing equipment, chick boxes, trucks, and controllers for climate and incubation temperature. Equipment is used at various stages of incubation and hatching for eggs to successfully incubate and hatch chicks.
The document discusses the importance of effective cleaning and disinfecting (C&D) processes between poultry flocks to reduce disease transmission. It outlines the key steps in C&D, including removing the previous flock and litter, sanitizing the feed and water systems, applying disinfectants, and allowing adequate idle time between flocks. Common disinfectants used on poultry farms include phenols, hypochlorites, iodophors, quaternary ammonium compounds, and oxidizing agents. A well-designed C&D program is critical for maintaining farm biosecurity and improving flock performance.
Helicoverpa armigera, commonly known as the gram pod borer, was reared on both natural Bengal gram food and artificial diet. When reared on Bengal gram, the larval period was 25 days and pupal period was 11 days, while on artificial diet the larval period was 22.1 days and pupal period was 14.1 days. Fecundity (number of eggs per family) was higher at 300 when reared on Bengal gram versus 130 on artificial diet. Precautions for mass rearing included rearing second instar larvae individually to avoid cannibalism, not placing more than 5 pairs per jar for oviposition, and sterilizing diet and cotton plugs in an
The document discusses various weed killer insects that are used for biological control of invasive weeds. It provides examples of 8 weed-insect pairs: 1) Prickly pear-Cactus moth and Cochineal scale, 2) Common lantana-Lantana fly and lace bug, 3) Congress grass-Chrysomelid beetle, 4) Crofton weed-Tephritid fly, 5) Siam weed-Moth, 6) Water hyacinth-Water hyacinth beetles, 7) Alligator weed-Flea beetle, 8) Water ferns-Beetle. For each pair, it describes the origin of the weed, the weed-
This document discusses biosecurity practices in poultry farming and their impact on bird flu. It defines biosecurity as programs designed to protect birds from disease by minimizing traffic of viruses, bacteria, and other pathogens onto farms. Key aspects of biosecurity include isolation of birds from outside pathogens, controlling traffic on farms, and sanitation of facilities, equipment and feed. Adhering to biosecurity practices such as limiting visitors, quarantining new birds, cleaning facilities between flocks, and controlling rodents and wild birds can help prevent the spread of infectious diseases in poultry.
Insects are an important part of agricultural systems as pollinators, scavengers, and beneficial enemies of pests. Insects can also be pests that cause severe damage to crops and act as vectors for diseases.
This presentation summarizes information about low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) in poultry. It discusses the signs of LPAI, which include loss of activity, appetite, and egg production as well as coughing and sneezing. While there is no treatment for LPAI, antibiotics can prevent secondary infections. The presentation emphasizes biosecurity as the best prevention method against avian influenza. Key biosecurity practices include limiting access to farms, cleaning and disinfecting equipment, isolating sick birds, and implementing pest control. Adhering to basic biosecurity standards like restricting visitors, requiring protective clothing, and maintaining foot baths can help control the spread of LPAI.
Rabies is a fatal viral disease transmitted through the saliva of infected mammals, most commonly dogs. The virus causes acute encephalitis and ultimately death. There are 5 stages of rabies infection: incubation, prodromal, acute neurological, coma, and death or recovery. Post-exposure prophylaxis includes wound cleansing, rabies immunoglobulin, and rabies vaccination to prevent the virus from reaching the central nervous system. Mass dog vaccination and stray dog control are important for rabies prevention.
Physical and mechanical control methods modify the environment or use physical force to manage pest populations. Temperature, moisture, light, and sound can all be manipulated to exceed insect tolerance thresholds. High temperatures from sun drying grains or hot water treatments can kill pests. Low temperatures in cold storage facilities also control certain insects. Mechanical methods directly kill pest life stages through actions like hand picking, crushing, or using machines that apply centrifugal force. Physical barriers like banding, netting, or traps can exclude pests from infested areas. While requiring more labor than chemicals, physical and mechanical control have merits like utilizing local labor and posing less ecological risk than pesticides when properly applied.
Management of Poultry House Ventilation by Dr.Muhammad Ashiq ToorAshiq Toor
This document discusses managing poultry house ventilation. It describes two types of ventilation systems - natural airflow and mechanical airflow using fans. For mechanical ventilation, it explains positive and negative pressure systems. The document focuses on mechanical ventilation and discusses minimum ventilation for cold weather, tunnel ventilation for hot weather, and transitional ventilation for moderate weather. It provides details on components of mechanical ventilation systems including fans, inlets, controllers, sensors and formulas for calculating their sizes and settings based on house dimensions and number of birds.
This document provides information on mass production techniques for Trichogramma and nuclear polyhedrosis viruses (NPVs). It describes the steps for rearing the rice grain moth Corcyra cephalonica which is used as a host for producing Trichogramma. The techniques for mass rearing Trichogramma including parasitizing Corcyra eggs and storing the parasitized eggs are summarized. It also outlines the basic steps for mass producing NPVs which involve rearing host insects like Helicoverpa armigera on artificial diet, infecting the larvae with viruses, harvesting and purifying the viruses. Field application doses of different NPVs for crops are also mentioned.
This document discusses various types of equipment used in poultry farming. It describes incubators for hatching eggs, different types of watering systems like basin and jar or nipple drinkers. It also outlines various feeding systems such as linear troughs, circular troughs, and automatic cage feeders. Other equipment covered includes brooders, nests, perches, debeakers, candlers, ventilation fans, sprayers, and sensors. Maintaining proper equipment is essential for successful poultry farming operations.
This document discusses pests that can infest stored grains and describes strategies for managing pest infestations. It identifies two main types of pests - primary pests that can directly infest grains and secondary pests that infest already damaged grains. Specific primary pests of cereals and pulses are outlined. The document also recommends an integrated pest management approach involving preventative maintenance, non-chemical controls, and pesticide use to control pests in storage rooms, buildings, warehouses, and processing areas. Frequent inspections are emphasized to ensure management strategies are effective.
Generics are one of the most complex features of Java. They are often poorly understood and lead to confusing errors. Unfortunately, it won’t get easier. Java 10, release planned for 2018, extends Generics. It’s now time to understand generics or risk being left behind.
We start by stepping back into the halcyon days of 2004 and explain why generics were introduced in the first place back. We also explain why Java’s implementation is unique compared to similar features in other programming languages.
Then we travel to the present to explaining how to make effective use of Generics. We then explore various entertaining code examples and puzzlers of how Generics are used today.
Finally, this talk sheds light on the planned changes in Java 10 with practical code examples and related ideas from other programming languages. If you ever wanted to understand the buzz around higher kinded types or declaration site variance now is your chance!
Inilah 7 tokoh pahlawan revolusi yang dibuang lubang ke sumur buayaBintang Di Surga
Dokumen tersebut membahas 7 tokoh pahlawan revolusi Indonesia yang dibunuh dan dibuang ke sumur oleh PKI selama peristiwa Gerakan 30 September 1965. Mereka adalah Jenderal Ahmad Yani, Letnan Jenderal Suprapto, Letnan Jenderal M.T. Haryono, Letnan Jenderal Siswondo Parman, Mayor Jenderal D.I. Pandjaitan, Mayor Jenderal Sutoyo Siswomiharjo, dan Kapten Pierre Tendean. Para jenderal dan perwira tinggi ini dibunuh
Bhajans, Puja Collection, Chalisa, Mantra, Shloka, Aarti and Bhakti music
Lord Krishna
Maa Durga
Lord Rama
Lord Shiva
Sai Baba
Lord Hanuman
Lord Ganesha
Maha Lakshmi
Maa Saraswati
Surya Dev
Shani Dev
Vishnu
Bhagavad Gita
Also enjoy bhajans and songs in
Gujarati
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Punjabi
Malayalam
Kannada
Tamil
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Bengali
Bhojpuri
Popular Bhajan and Aarti Collection from
Bharat Ratna MS Subbulakshmi
Jagjit Singh
Anuradha Paudwal
Anup Jalota
Manhar Udhas
Suresh Wadekar
Art of Living
Download Bhajan Devotional Song App
Google Play- https://goo.gl/SZ3NwI
iTune App- https://goo.gl/BNYkMS?
Modul ini membahas tentang perbaikan poros penggerak roda pada suspensi independen dan rigid. Terdapat uraian mengenai pembongkaran, pemeriksaan, dan perakitan kembali komponen-komponen poros penggerak roda. Komponen-komponen yang diperiksa dan dapat diganti jika rusak meliputi bearing, seal oli, dan poros. Modul ini bertujuan agar siswa dapat memperbaiki kerusakan pada poros penggerak roda.
Сегодня каждый может говорить с каждым напрямую и без посредников. Нам доступны новые сети и форматы, а значит, новые бизнес-возможности. Я приглашаю вас обсудить, что и как нужно делать в соцсетях, чтобы получать новых клиентов. Сколько это стоит и стоит ли оно того. Много или мало подписчиков - сколько достаточно? Какие новые возможности открываются в соцсетях? Звезды инстаграмма и ютюб и блогеры. Как работать с отзывами клиентов, в том числе негативными. И наконец, что доверить профессионалам, а что делать самим. - блиц-тренинг для индустрии красоты на Саммите Стратегия М
Rangkuman dokumen tersebut dalam 3 kalimat:
Dokumen tersebut merupakan laporan proyek akhir pembuatan dapur pelebur alumunium berbahan bakar minyak. Proyek ini membahas tentang rancang bangun, prinsip kerja, analisis perhitungan dan proses produksi dapur pelebur tersebut. Tujuan pembuatan dapur pelebur ini adalah untuk mempermudah proses peleburan logam alumunium di laboratorium.
Dividindo para conquistar: microservicos com o jeitinho .NETtdc-globalcode
O documento discute a arquitetura de microsserviços da plataforma Superplayer para lidar com escalabilidade. A solução envolve dividir funcionalidades complexas em vários serviços independentes e stateless chamados de "Beets" que se comunicam através de APIs. Isso permite escalar horizontalmente adicionando mais instâncias à medida que o tráfego aumenta.
The document discusses the anatomy and physiology of the cardiovascular system, including the heart structure and function, blood vessels, conducting system, heart sounds, blood pressure regulation, and various diagnostic tests used to evaluate the cardiovascular system such as ECG, echocardiogram, stress test, cardiac catheterization, and CVP measurement. Laboratory tests discussed include cardiac enzymes, lipids, and diagnostic procedures for assessing the cardiovascular system.
Tugas 1 muatan lokal Motherboard - kelas XII IPA 2AnnisyaPU
Motherboard adalah tempat menancapkan komponen-komponen komputer lainnya seperti processor, video card, hard disk, dan lainnya. Motherboard berfungsi menghubungkan komponen-komponen tersebut agar bisa berkomunikasi. Setiap motherboard memiliki spesifikasi yang berbeda seperti jenis processor dan kapasitas RAM.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang motherboard, termasuk pengertian, sejarah, komponen-komponen utama, dan cara kerjanya. Motherboard adalah papan sirkuit utama yang menghubungkan berbagai komponen elektronik di dalam komputer.
Dokumen tersebut memberikan penjelasan mengenai berbagai komponen utama CPU, termasuk unit pengolah pusat (CPU), motherboard, harddisk, memory, serta jenis dan fungsi masing-masing komponen. Dijelaskan pula port dan slot yang terdapat pada motherboard untuk menghubungkan berbagai perangkat tambahan.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang berbagai jenis port komunikasi yang digunakan untuk menghubungkan komputer dengan perangkat luar. Jenis-jenis port komunikasi yang dijelaskan meliputi port serial, paralel, USB, PS/2, dan SCSI. Setiap jenis port memiliki keunggulan dan fungsi tersendiri dalam mentransfer data antara komputer dengan perangkat luar.
Dokumen tersebut menjelaskan berbagai jenis perangkat keras komputer dan topologi jaringan komputer. Perangkat keras komputer meliputi monitor, mouse, keyboard, speaker, printer, CPU, scanner, modem, stabilizer, harddisk, RAM, power supply, kabel data, kabel VGA, fan, LAN card, motherboard, processor, headsets, microphone, CD-ROM, CD/DVD, flashdisk, webcam, joystick, video adaptor, dan sound card. Sedangkan topologi jaringan komputer yang dijelaskan adalah ring,
Rangkuman komputer dan perkembangannyaMade Bagiada
Komputer telah mengalami 5 generasi perkembangan sejak tahun 1940-an hingga masa depan, dimulai dari menggunakan tabung vakum hingga akan menggunakan teknologi superkonduktor. Komputer modern terdiri dari berbagai komponen hardware seperti keyboard, mouse, printer, serta memory seperti RAM dan VGA yang berperan menghubungkan komputer dengan monitor.
Makalah ini membahas tentang perangkat keras komputer (hardware). Hardware terdiri dari berbagai komponen fisik seperti monitor, mouse, keyboard, printer, CPU, dan lainnya. Makalah ini menjelaskan pengertian dan fungsi dari berbagai hardware komputer.
Dokumen tersebut membahas berbagai komponen utama dalam komputer seperti PCI Express, PCI, AGP, konektor-konektor, slot-slot, dan komponen pendukung lainnya. Secara ringkas, dokumen tersebut menjelaskan fungsi dan karakteristik masing-masing komponen tersebut beserta perbandingannya.
Teknologi informasi dan perangkat keras komputer yang mendukungnya seperti monitor, mouse, keyboard, printer, dan komponen internal seperti CPU, RAM, dan hard disk dipaparkan dalam dokumen tersebut beserta fungsi masing-masing komponen. Dokumen ini juga menjelaskan berbagai jenis perangkat keras komputer dan bagaimana mereka bekerja sama untuk mendukung operasi komputer.
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Keyboard port berfungsi menghubungkan motherboard dengan keyboard
1. Keyboard port berfungsi menghubungkan motherboard dengan keyboard.
Setiap motherboard, biasanya memiliki satu di antara dua jenis keyboard
port, yaitu Serial atau PS/2. Untuk menggunakan keyboard PS/2 padaport
serial dibutuhkan konverter atau penghubung keyboard..
Keyboard adalah Alat input yang digunakan untuk mengetik informasi ke
dalam komputer dan menjalankan berbagai intruksi atau perintah ke
dalam komputer. Penciptaan keyboard komputer diilhami oleh penciptaan
mesin ketik yang dasar rancangannya dibuat oleh Christopher Latham
tahun 1868 dan banyak dipasarkan padatahun 1877 oleh Perusahaan
Remington.
Keyboard komputer pertama disesuaikan dari kartu pelubang (punch
card) dan teknologi pengiriman tulisan jarak jauh (Teletype). Tahun 1946
komputer ENIAC menggunakan pembaca kartu pembuat lubang
(punched card reader) sebagai alat input dan output.
Bila mendengar kata “keyboard” maka pikiran kita tidak lepas dari
adanya sebuah komputer, karena keyboard merupakan sebuah papan yang
terdiri dari tombol-tombol untuk mengetikkan kalimat dan simbol-simbol
khusus lainnya padakomputer. Keyboard dalam bahasa Indonesia artinya
papan tombol jari atau papan tombol.
Diantara beberapa jenis perkembangan port keyboard yaitu :
1. PORT SERIAL :
Dalam bahasa indonesia adalah port seri merupakan sebuah port personal
komputer yang berfungsi untuk menstransmisikan satu bit informasi pada
satuan waktu. Pengiriman informasi tidak memungkinkan untuk
melakukan secara banyak sekaligus hal ini disebabkan karna dalam
melakukan pemindahan data biasanya serial port bekerja seri misalnya
COM 1 dan COM 2. untuk penggunaan port serial sekarang ini sudah
berkurang.
Pada keyboard port serial menggunakan DIN 5 male dan biasanya
digunakan pada tipe komputer tipe AT. Biasanya port jenis ini digunakan
pada komputer pentium 1 dan pentium 2.
Ada 2 konektor yang menghubungkan motherboard dengan keyboard.
satu adalah konektor serial, sedangkan satu lagi adalah konektor PS/2
konektor serial atau tipe AT berbentuk bulat lebih besar dari yang model
PS/2 dengan lubang pin 5 buah sementara PS/2 memiliki pin 6 buah dan
diameternya lebih kecil separuhnya dibanding model AT.
Pada IBM PC compatibel tata cara komunikasi serial yang digunakan
ialah jenis asinkron. komunikasi data serial ini dikerjakan oleh UART
(universal asynchronous Receiver / tranceiver) pada UART kecepatan
pengiriman data (baud rate) dan fase clock sisi transmitter dan pada sisi
receiver harus sinkron. untuk itu diperlukan sinkronisasi antara transmiter
dan receiver hal ini dilakukan oleh bit'start' dan bit 'stop' kecepatan
transmisi (baudrate) dpat dipilih bebas dalam rentang tertentu. baudrate
yang umum dipakai adalah 600,1200,2400 dn 9600 bps (bit per sekon).
2. PORT PS/2 :
Dikenalkan pada tahun 1987 biasanya digunakan pada komputer ATX
dan saat ini yang paling banyak dipergunakan. pemasangan keyboard tipe
ini harus dilaksanakan dengan cermat, sebab port yang dimiliki sama
dengan port untuk mouse. Biasanya port jenis ini digunakan pada
komputer pentium 3 dan pentium 4.
PS/2 merupakan perkembangan dari port serial, bentuknya berupa bulatan
dengan desain sedemikian rupa sehingga tidak mungkin terbalik atau
salah. komputer dengan processor pentium MMX keatas biasanya
terdapat 2 port PS/2 yaitu untuk keyboard dan mouse. Untuk
menggunakan port keyboard PS/2 pada port serial dibutuhkan converter
atau penghubung keyboard. Namun saat ini penggunaan port serial
sebagian besar sudah digantikan oleh jenis port baru yang bernama USB.
Gambar dibawah ini warna kode yang membedakan PS/2 keyboard
dengan mouse.
Gambar dibawah ini adalah keluaran pin dari port PS/2.
3. PORT USB :
USB adalah kepanjangan dari Universal Serial Bus. Interface tersukses
yang menghubungkan perangkat eksternal dengan komputer akan
mengalami perubahan mengikuti perkembangan kebutuhan konektivitas
bandwidth yang semakin besar. Komputer terbaru saat ini sudah banyak
yang mempergunakan jenis konektor USB yang menjamin transfer data
lebih cepat. Port jenis ini sudah umum digunakan oleh masyarakat luas,
digunakan pada komputer pentium 3 dan pentium 4. saat ini USB sudah
benar-benar diterima pasar dan mengganti kepopuleran port serial dan
port paralel.umumnya setiapmotherboard saat ini telah dilengkapi dengan
2 hingga 4 buah slot port USB dan 2 lagi tambahan port USB bagian
depan casing CPU.
2. USB versi 1 diliris tahun 1996,
USB versi 2 diliris tahun 2000perbedaan palingmencolok denganversi
sebelumnya adalah kecepatan transferyangjauh meningkat.
Kecepatan transfer data USB dibagi menjadi 3 antara lain :
Super speed data dengan frekuensi clock 4800Mb/s
High speed data dengan frekuensi clock 480Mb/s dan tolerasi
pensinyalan data pada 500ppm
Full speed data dengan frekuensi clock 12000Mb/s dan toleransi
pensinyal data 0.25% atau 2.500ppm
Low speed data dengan frekuensi clock 150Mb/s dan tolerasi
pensinyalan data pada 1.5 % atau 15000ppm.
USB versi 3 diliris pada november 2008 beberapa perubahan telah diimplementasikan di
USB 3.0 seiring dengan peningkatan penggunaan perangkat eksternal dan kebutuhan
kecepatan lebih tinggi kecepatan transfer data USB 3 sekitar 3.2 Gbps 400MB/s atau
memiliki kecepatan transfer data sepuluh kali lipat dari batas maksimum 480Mbps atau
secara teori dapat mencapai 4.8Gbps. kecepatan ini 6 sampai 10x lebih cepat dari
maksimal kecepatan USB 2. Dengan kecepatan baru ini transfer 27GB fil berkualitas HD
kedalam media player masa depan hanya membutuhkan waktu 70 detik. USB 3
mengenalkan teknologi transfer data 2 arah (full duplex), sehingga dapat membaca dan
menulis data secara bersamaan / simultan. USB 2 dan sebelumnya belum mendukung
teknologi bidirectional ini. tegangan listrik diturunkan dari 4.4 V menjadi 4V
kemudian arus juga ditingkatkan menjadi 150mA sehingga selain hemat energi,
sebuah port USB 3 dapat digunakan 4-6 perangkat. power managemen lebih
baikdibandingUSB 2 sehingga mendukung idle, sleep dan suspend. ujung USB 3
akan sama dengan USB 2 (standard) tetapi kabel didalamnya akan lebih banyak,
ada tambahan 4 jalur kabel dibanding USB 2 (total ada 9 jalur kabel)
4. PORT WIRELESS :
Sesuai dengan namanya, keyboard tipe ini tidak menggunakan kabel sebagai
penghubung antara keyboard dengan komputer. jenis koneksi yang digunakan adalah
infra red, wifi atau bluetooth. untuk menghubungkan keyboard dengan komputer,
dibutuhkan unit pemancar dan penerima. unit pemancar biasanya terdapat pada
keyboard itu sendiri, sedangkan penerima biasanya dipasang pada port USB atau serial
pada CPU.
Keyboard bisa juga dibilang hampir sama cepatnya dengan kita berbicara atau dengan
mengetik biasa. dan keyboard adalah salah satu komponen hardware yg menghubungkan
antara komputer denganuser atau pengguna komputer itusendiri, keyboard mempunyai fungsi
sebagai memasukanangka, karkater danjuga huruf serta karakter sebagai media pengguna
dalam penyimpanan file dan pengguna file. keyboard komputer pertama disesuaikan dari kartu
pelubang (punch card) dan teknologi pengiriman tulisan jarak jauh (teletype). tahun 1946
komputer ENIAC menggunakanpembaca kartu pembuat lubang (punched card reader) untuk
proses atau sebagai alat input output. Penciptaankeyboard terilhami oleh dari mesin ketik yg
dasar rancanganya dibuat oleh christopher latham tahun 1968 dan banyak dipasarkan pada
tahun 1877 oleh perusahaan remington.
3.
4. Bagian-Bagian Hard Disk Komputer - Harddisk adalah suatu device atau komponen pada
komputer yang berfungsi sebagai media penyimpanan data (storage) dan juga termasuk dalam
salah satu memory eksternal dari sebuah computer. Harddisk merupakan salah satu media
penyimpan data pada komputer yang terdiri dari kumpulan piringan magnetis yang keras dan
berputar, serta komponen-komponen elektronik lainnya.
Bagian-Bagian Harddisk
Harddisk sebenarnya merupakan suatu rangkaian dari beberapa komponen atau bagian yang
secara keseluruhan kemudian menjadi satu kesatuan fungsi yaitu sebagai media penyimpanan
data. Secara umum dapat digambarkan sebagai berikut.
1. Cover Mounting Holes (Cover not shown)
Bagian dari harddisk yang berfungsi sebagai lubang tempat sekrup untuk memasang tutup
harddisk.
2. Base Casting
Bagian dasar dari harddisk untuk meletakkan atau merangkai bagian-bagian harddisk dalam
satu kesatuan. Umumnya terbuat dari bahan logamsolid yang dicetak.
3. Actuator Arm
Bagian dari harddisk yang berfungsi sebagai lengan mekanik yang menggerakkan head untuk
membaca atau menulis data pada piringan magnetik. Bahan yang biasanya dipakai adalah
lempengan logam yang kuat tapi sangat ringan sehingga mudah untuk digerakkan.
4. Actuator Axis
Bagian dari harddisk yang berfungsi sebagai poros pergerakan lengan mekanik.
5. Actuator
Bagian dari harddisk berupa blok logamyang bersifat magnetik yang di dalamnya terdapat
motor penggerak lengan mekanik.
6. Spindle
Bagian dari harddisk yang berfungsi sebagai mesin pemutar piringan saat harddisk beroperasi.
Apabila tutup spindle dibuka akan tampak kumparan di dalamnya berupa
beberapa lilitan kabel melingkar yang memberikan sifat magnetik.
7. Slider (and Head)
Bagian dari harddisk yang berfungsi untuk membaca dan menulis data pada piringan magnetik.
8. SCSI Interface Connector, (ATA/IDE)
Bagian dari harddisk yang berfungsi sebagai konektor untuk menghubungkan harddisk dengan
motherboard
9. Jumper Pins
Bagian dari harddisk berupa rangkaian pin logamyang memiliki fungsi sebagai tempat
pengaturan posisi pembacaan harddisk pada komputer
10. Jumper
Bagian dari harddisk yang memiliki fungsi sebagai pengatur hubungan antar pin
11. Power Connector
Bagian dari harddisk yang berfungsi sebagai penghubung sumber arus listrik ke harddisk.
12. Tape Seal
Bagian dari harddisk berupa pita segel yang berfungsi sebagai pelindung jaminan dari
kerusakan
13. Ribbon Cable (Attaches Heads to Logic board)
Bagian dari harddisk berupa kabel tipis yang menghubungkan head ke papan logic berupa
rangkaian elektronik dibagian bawah harddisk
15. Platters
Bagian dari harddisk berupa piringan yang biasanya terbuat dari bahan logamatau sejenisnya
dan bersifat magnetik. Bahan yang digunakan sebagai media penyimpan adalah iron oxide dan
thin film. Media thin film untuk saat ini lebih banyak digunakan karena merupakan media yang
dapat menyimpan lebih banyak data dari pada iron oxide pada luas media yang sama dan juga
sifatnya yang lebih awet.
16. Case Mounting Holes
Bagian dari harddisk berupa lubang tempat sekrup untuk pemasangan pada komputer.
17. Circuit Board
Bagian dari harddisk berupa papan rangkaian elektronik untuk mengoperasikan harddisk.
CaraMudah Menginstall Windows 7
Lengkap dengan Gambar
Posted by Niko Rahmadi Wiharto On Sunday, August 10, 2014
Cara Mudah Menginstall Windows 7 Lengkap dengan
Gambar - Windows 7 merupakan salah satu Sistem
Operasi milikMicrosoft. Sistem Opersasi ini bisa dibilang
lebihpopuler dibandingkan versi sebelumnya, yatu
Windows Vista.
Bicara tentang windows 7, kali ini Penulisakan
membagikan tutorial cara menginstall windows 7. Dalam
hal ini, masih mungkin masih banyak dari Anda yang
belum bisa melakukannya. Lain halnya dengan mereka
yang mengambil pendidikan jurusan komputer,
menginstall bisa dibilang sangat mudah bagi mereka.
Bagi Anda yang belum bisa, cobalah ikuti beberapa
langkah dibawah. Dan untuk memudahkan Anda, pada
tutorial ini Penulissertakan juga gambar-gambarnya.
Sebelum menginstall windows 7, ada baiknya Anda
menyiapkan beberapa hal, seperti:
Backup data-data penting yang ada
Apabila yang akan di install windows adalah
laptop, siapkan charger untuk menghindari hal-
hal yang tidak diinginkan.
Pastikan hardware yang digunakan dalam
keadaan baik.
5. Mempersiapkan Installer Windows 7 (baik
berupa DVD ataupun Flashdisk)
Langkah-Langkah
Menginstall Windows 7
1. Masukkan Installer Windows 7 yang sudah Anda
siapkan dan catat serial numbernya.
2. Atur agar booting awal melalui DVD. Pengaturan
dilakukan pada BIOS. Anda bisa tekan Delete ataupun F2
untuk bisa masuk BIOS, atau sesuaikan dengan
motherboard Anda. Kemudian Simpan lalu restart.
3. Jika muncul peirintah Press any key too boot from CD
or DVD, Anda bisa tekan tombol apa saja. Setelah itu
akan muncul proses Windows is loading files, dilanjutkan
dengan Starting Windows.
4. PilihLanguage to Install, Time and currency format,
untuk keyboard biarkan US. Lalu klikNext.
5. Karena tujuan kita adalah mnginstall, maka pilih Install
Now
6. 6. Tunggu beberapa saat pada proses Setup is starting
7. Beri centang pada I accept the license terms,
kemudian klik next.
8. Pada bagian ini, pilihsaja Custom (Advenced). Agar
nantinya dapat memilih di drive mana Windows 7 akan
di install.
9. Mengatur drive sekaligus partisi pada step ini di
sarankan bagilah hardisk minimal 2 drive.
Satu untuk drive untuk windows 7 (C) dan satu drive
untuk data (D) dengan memilih drive option. Sebelum
lanjut, pilihlah Disk 0 Partition 2 yang merupakan partisi
(C). Kemudian klik Next.
7. 10. Tunggulah beberapa proses installasi dibawah ini.
11. Secara otomatis komputer akan resstart sendiri.
8. 12. Setelah selesai restart, tunggulah proses Setup is
starting service.
13. Proses installasi akan dilanjutkan secara otomatis
14. Setelah proses installasi seleesai,komputer akan
kembali restart.
15. Tunggulah hingga proses Setup is preparing your
computer for first use selesai
16. Dan akan dilanjutkan dengan proses Setup is
checking video perfomance
9. 17. Setelah proses diaatas, Anda akan diminta
memasukan Username dan Computer Name, kemudian
kliknext.
18. Jika diperlukan, masukan password yang Anda
inginkan. Langsung saja klik next, jika tidak diperlukan.
19. Masukkan Product key, lalu klik next. Jika tidak
memilikinya Anda bisa lewatkan dengan klik skip.
20. Pilihopsi yang Anda inginkan untuk fasilitas windows
update
10. 21. Pilihzona waktu Anda.
22. Anda diminta untuk menetapkan lokasi jaringan, jika
Anda terhubung dalam sebuah jaringan.
23. Sampai disini Anda sudah berhasil, menginstall
windows 7 pada komputer ataupun laptop Anda.
Tunggulah sampai masuk ke dekstop.
11. Kini,windows 7 sudah terpasang di komputer ataupun
laptop Anda. Jika Perangkat yang Anda gunakan masih
dalam keadaan baik, maka proses installasi windows 7
akan berjalan dengan baik dan lebh cepat. Selamat
mencoba dan semoga bermanfaat.