Effective teachers need a range of strategies to ensure students learn. Learning theories include behaviorism, which focuses on observable behaviors, cognitivism, which views learning as information processing, and constructivism, where students learn through hands-on experiences. Constructivism is well-suited for classrooms as it encourages students to question themselves and gain real-life skills through activities. Reflecting on experiences helps students develop more complex ideas and better integrate new information.
The document discusses different learning theories including behaviorism, constructivism, and cognitivism. It describes a classroom setting with 17 students in small groups at different learning centers. Constructivism is discussed as focusing on hands-on learning through experiences. Behaviorism uses reinforcement and punishment to modify behaviors.
Here is a draft writeup on learning theories following your suggested outline:
Year:
The major learning theories discussed and developed from the late 19th century to present.
Propounders:
Behaviorism - Ivan Pavlov, Edward Thorndike, B.F. Skinner
Cognitivism - Jerome Bruner, Jean Piaget, Lev Vygotsky
Constructivism - Jerome Bruner, Jean Piaget, Lev Vygotsky, John Dewey
Humanism - Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers
Connectivism - George Siemens, Stephen Downes
Transformative Learning - Jack Mezirow
Social Learning Theory - Albert Bandura
Experiential Learning Theory
This document discusses four learning theories: behaviorism, constructivism, cognitivism, and andragogy. Behaviorism focuses on observable behaviors and environmental influences. Constructivism defines learning as creating meaning from experiences. Cognitivism emphasizes mental processes like thinking and problem-solving. Andragogy examines how adults learn differently than children, being more self-directed and experience-based. The author believes using aspects of these theories will help manage their classroom and ensure students understand content in relevant ways.
Classroom Application of Constructivism BalinasLycaMae.pptxLYCAMAEBALINAS
Constructivism is a learning theory where students actively construct their own understanding and knowledge through experiences and reflecting on their ideas, rather than passively receiving information from the teacher. Effective constructivist teaching provides learning experiences that challenge students' initial understanding and allows time for students to evaluate, discuss, and modify their ideas, such as by asking open-ended questions, encouraging student discourse and collaboration, and having students take responsibility for their own learning.
The document discusses three learning theories: behaviorism, constructivism, and cognitivism. Behaviorism focuses on conditioning through reinforcement but does not support higher-level thinking. Constructivism allows students to create their own understandings from experiences. Cognitivism views learning as occurring through mental processes like beliefs and problem-solving. The author finds constructivism and cognitivism most aligned with their philosophy of developing deep, critical thinkers who can apply knowledge broadly. Behaviorism is seen as least effective as it focuses on memorization over long-term understanding.
This document discusses different learning theories including behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism. Behaviorism focuses on reinforcement and environmental factors that shape behavior. Constructivism believes students construct their own knowledge from experiences. Cognitivism examines mental processes like thinking and memory. The author's teaching philosophy aligns with all three theories to accommodate different learning styles. Examples of applying the theories in the classroom include using positive reinforcement in behaviorism, allowing collaboration in constructivism, and memorable elements to aid recall in cognitivism. The author plans to utilize token economies and other behaviorism strategies to establish classroom rules and procedures.
The document discusses different learning theories including behaviorism, constructivism, and cognitivism. It describes a classroom setting with 17 students in small groups at different learning centers. Constructivism is discussed as focusing on hands-on learning through experiences. Behaviorism uses reinforcement and punishment to modify behaviors.
Here is a draft writeup on learning theories following your suggested outline:
Year:
The major learning theories discussed and developed from the late 19th century to present.
Propounders:
Behaviorism - Ivan Pavlov, Edward Thorndike, B.F. Skinner
Cognitivism - Jerome Bruner, Jean Piaget, Lev Vygotsky
Constructivism - Jerome Bruner, Jean Piaget, Lev Vygotsky, John Dewey
Humanism - Abraham Maslow, Carl Rogers
Connectivism - George Siemens, Stephen Downes
Transformative Learning - Jack Mezirow
Social Learning Theory - Albert Bandura
Experiential Learning Theory
This document discusses four learning theories: behaviorism, constructivism, cognitivism, and andragogy. Behaviorism focuses on observable behaviors and environmental influences. Constructivism defines learning as creating meaning from experiences. Cognitivism emphasizes mental processes like thinking and problem-solving. Andragogy examines how adults learn differently than children, being more self-directed and experience-based. The author believes using aspects of these theories will help manage their classroom and ensure students understand content in relevant ways.
Classroom Application of Constructivism BalinasLycaMae.pptxLYCAMAEBALINAS
Constructivism is a learning theory where students actively construct their own understanding and knowledge through experiences and reflecting on their ideas, rather than passively receiving information from the teacher. Effective constructivist teaching provides learning experiences that challenge students' initial understanding and allows time for students to evaluate, discuss, and modify their ideas, such as by asking open-ended questions, encouraging student discourse and collaboration, and having students take responsibility for their own learning.
The document discusses three learning theories: behaviorism, constructivism, and cognitivism. Behaviorism focuses on conditioning through reinforcement but does not support higher-level thinking. Constructivism allows students to create their own understandings from experiences. Cognitivism views learning as occurring through mental processes like beliefs and problem-solving. The author finds constructivism and cognitivism most aligned with their philosophy of developing deep, critical thinkers who can apply knowledge broadly. Behaviorism is seen as least effective as it focuses on memorization over long-term understanding.
This document discusses different learning theories including behaviorism, cognitivism, and constructivism. Behaviorism focuses on reinforcement and environmental factors that shape behavior. Constructivism believes students construct their own knowledge from experiences. Cognitivism examines mental processes like thinking and memory. The author's teaching philosophy aligns with all three theories to accommodate different learning styles. Examples of applying the theories in the classroom include using positive reinforcement in behaviorism, allowing collaboration in constructivism, and memorable elements to aid recall in cognitivism. The author plans to utilize token economies and other behaviorism strategies to establish classroom rules and procedures.
Constructivism is a learning theory that suggests people construct their own understanding and knowledge through experiences and reflecting on those experiences. Each person generates their own rules and mental models to understand the world. Learning is an active process of adjusting mental models to fit new experiences. In a constructivist classroom, the teacher acts as a guide providing support and challenging students to develop their own understanding, rather than simply presenting facts to memorize. Students work primarily in groups and pursue their own questions, while assessment is interwoven with teaching through observation and student work.
Constructivism is a learning theory that suggests learners construct knowledge and meaning from their experiences. According to constructivism, learning occurs as learners actively engage with the environment and reflect on their experiences to form new understandings. In a constructivist classroom, the teacher acts as a guide who helps students develop their own understandings through hands-on activities and group work rather than direct instruction. Assessment focuses on observing how students apply their knowledge rather than separate testing.
The author believes that teaching and learning work collectively, with the teacher modeling and demonstrating concepts for students to then practice and reflect on. The teacher aims to create a safe, stimulating classroom environment where students feel comfortable sharing ideas and opinions. There are three key components to cultivating connections between students: the teacher acts as a guide, students direct their own learning through curiosity, and all views are respected. The teacher provides suggestions for information rather than being the sole source of knowledge, allowing students to develop research skills. Students learn best when applying concepts to real-world problems and having time to discover their abilities. Developing curriculum involving student interests promotes motivation to learn.
This document discusses two theories of learning: problem-based learning (PBL) and self-determination theory (SDT). It provides details on each:
PBL involves students working in small groups to solve open-ended problems and gain knowledge in the process. Key aspects are presenting problems before material is learned and using real-world contextual problems. SDT focuses on fulfilling three innate needs - autonomy, competence and relatedness - for optimal human functioning and intrinsic motivation. When these needs are supported, individuals are autonomously motivated to undertake tasks. The document outlines several mini-theories within SDT and educational implications of both theories.
Progressivism focuses on individual student needs, interests and abilities. Progressivist teachers center lessons around provoking student curiosity to actively engage them in learning. Students interact with each other to develop social skills while solving real-world problems. Progressivism views education as a lifelong growth process rather than solely preparation for adulthood.
Progressivism focuses on individual student needs, interests and abilities. Progressivist teachers center lessons around provoking student curiosity to actively engage them in learning. Students interact with each other to develop social skills while solving real-world problems. Progressivism views education as a lifelong growth process rather than solely preparation for adulthood.
CONSTRUCTIVIST APPROACH TO LEARNING Method- 5E MODEL-PPTMonali Pradhan
The document discusses the constructivist approach to learning, specifically the 5E model. It provides background on constructivism, outlining key principles like knowledge being actively constructed by learners based on their experiences. The 5E model is then explained in detail, with each "E" standing for a phase of instruction: Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, Evaluate. Examples of activities for each phase are given. The document also discusses benefits and criticisms of constructivism, noting it emphasizes collaborative, active learning but may disadvantage some students.
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The Seven Philosophies of Education
Existentialism - Existentialism in education focuses on the individual, seeking out a personal understanding of the world.
Essentialism - Essentialism values the “essence” of each object. Essence refers to the attribute, or set of attributes that make an object what it fundamentally is, and must have.
Progressivism - Progressivism holds that education should focus on the whole child, rather than on the content or the teacher. This educational philosophy stresses that students should test ideas by active experimentation.
Behaviorism - Behaviorism holds that behavior is shaped deliberately by forces in the environment and that the type of person and actions desired can be the product of design.
Constructivism - Constructivism claims that the learner actively constructs his or her own understandings of reality through interaction with objects, events, and people in the environment, and reflecting on these interactions. For learning to occur, an event, object, or experience must conflict with what the learner already knows. Therefore, the learner's previous experiences determine what can be learned.
Linguistic Philosophy - Linguistic philosophy is the view that philosophical problems could be solved (or dissolved) either by reforming language or by understanding more about the language that we presently use.
Perennialism - Perennialism is a normative educational philosophy according to which one should teach the things that are of everlasting relevance to all people everywhere and that the emphasis should be on principles, not facts.
Constructivism in classroom management by sheena bernalEdi sa puso mo :">
Constructivism in Classroom Management focuses on developing critical thinking skills, knowledge construction where students actively build new knowledge on old knowledge, and connecting new information to prior knowledge. Constructivist classrooms place less emphasis on punishment and more on identifying student needs. They are also democratic with teacher flexibility.
Here are the key points about John Dewey:
- American philosopher, psychologist, and educational reformer.
- Born in 1859 in Burlington, Vermont.
- Obtained his PhD from Johns Hopkins University in 1884.
- Taught at the University of Chicago from 1894 to 1904.
- Founded the University of Chicago Laboratory School in 1896 to test his educational philosophy.
- Believed that education should be based on experience and interaction rather than rote memorization.
- Emphasized the importance of learning through experience and hands-on activities rather than textbooks.
- One of the primary influences on progressive education in the 20th century.
- Died in 1952
This presentation is part of a course on Building a positive behaviour classroom. Teachers are encouraged to review the range of approaches to managing behaviour and develop their own.
Educ. 4 principles of teaching mara ico reportMara Ico
This document discusses principles of effective teaching and learning. It begins by defining principles and explaining that principles guide a teacher's conduct and behavior. It then discusses various teaching styles, approaches, and methods. Some key points made are that teaching is both an art and a science, and there are authoritarian, permissive, and democratic teaching styles. It also discusses concept teaching, constructivist teaching, and other approaches. The document also covers learning domains, learning styles, and principles of learning such as how prior knowledge and motivation impact learning. Overall, the document provides an overview of foundational principles and concepts related to effective teaching and learning.
This document provides an overview of the educational philosophy of reconstructionism. It discusses the key assumptions, principles, and implications for curriculum, roles of teachers and students, and classroom management. Reconstructionism emerged in reaction to World War II and emphasizes addressing social questions and creating a better society. It believes that education must commit to creating new democratic social orders that fulfill basic cultural values. The curriculum focuses on social problems and reform. Teachers are to prepare students for social change and revolution by discussing social issues. Students are given freedom to critically analyze problems and work towards new reforms. Classroom management aims to actively involve students in bringing real-world issues into the classroom.
The document discusses three learning theories: behaviorism, constructivism, and cognitivism. It then provides examples of how each theory could be applied in a classroom setting. Behaviorism uses rewards to shape student behavior, constructivism allows students to construct their own understandings through experiences, and cognitivism focuses on internal cognitive processes like critical thinking. The author's teaching philosophy most closely aligns with constructivism, as it emphasizes student participation, collaboration, and experience-based learning, which is well-suited for teaching theater.
Constructivism is a learning theory that suggests people construct their own understanding and knowledge through experiences and reflecting on those experiences. Each person generates their own rules and mental models to understand the world. Learning is an active process of adjusting mental models to fit new experiences. In a constructivist classroom, the teacher acts as a guide providing support and challenging students to develop their own understanding, rather than simply presenting facts to memorize. Students work primarily in groups and pursue their own questions, while assessment is interwoven with teaching through observation and student work.
Constructivism is a learning theory that suggests learners construct knowledge and meaning from their experiences. According to constructivism, learning occurs as learners actively engage with the environment and reflect on their experiences to form new understandings. In a constructivist classroom, the teacher acts as a guide who helps students develop their own understandings through hands-on activities and group work rather than direct instruction. Assessment focuses on observing how students apply their knowledge rather than separate testing.
The author believes that teaching and learning work collectively, with the teacher modeling and demonstrating concepts for students to then practice and reflect on. The teacher aims to create a safe, stimulating classroom environment where students feel comfortable sharing ideas and opinions. There are three key components to cultivating connections between students: the teacher acts as a guide, students direct their own learning through curiosity, and all views are respected. The teacher provides suggestions for information rather than being the sole source of knowledge, allowing students to develop research skills. Students learn best when applying concepts to real-world problems and having time to discover their abilities. Developing curriculum involving student interests promotes motivation to learn.
This document discusses two theories of learning: problem-based learning (PBL) and self-determination theory (SDT). It provides details on each:
PBL involves students working in small groups to solve open-ended problems and gain knowledge in the process. Key aspects are presenting problems before material is learned and using real-world contextual problems. SDT focuses on fulfilling three innate needs - autonomy, competence and relatedness - for optimal human functioning and intrinsic motivation. When these needs are supported, individuals are autonomously motivated to undertake tasks. The document outlines several mini-theories within SDT and educational implications of both theories.
Progressivism focuses on individual student needs, interests and abilities. Progressivist teachers center lessons around provoking student curiosity to actively engage them in learning. Students interact with each other to develop social skills while solving real-world problems. Progressivism views education as a lifelong growth process rather than solely preparation for adulthood.
Progressivism focuses on individual student needs, interests and abilities. Progressivist teachers center lessons around provoking student curiosity to actively engage them in learning. Students interact with each other to develop social skills while solving real-world problems. Progressivism views education as a lifelong growth process rather than solely preparation for adulthood.
CONSTRUCTIVIST APPROACH TO LEARNING Method- 5E MODEL-PPTMonali Pradhan
The document discusses the constructivist approach to learning, specifically the 5E model. It provides background on constructivism, outlining key principles like knowledge being actively constructed by learners based on their experiences. The 5E model is then explained in detail, with each "E" standing for a phase of instruction: Engage, Explore, Explain, Elaborate, Evaluate. Examples of activities for each phase are given. The document also discusses benefits and criticisms of constructivism, noting it emphasizes collaborative, active learning but may disadvantage some students.
Diverse Learning Styles Essay
Five Types Of Teaching Essay
The Different Types of Plagiarism Essay
Individual Learning Styles Essay
Essay about Teachers and Students
Types Of Slackers Essay
The Different Types of Sports Essay
Different Learning Styles Essay
Best Ways To Study Essay
What Kind Of Student I Am
Diversity in the Classroom Essay
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The Seven Philosophies of Education
Existentialism - Existentialism in education focuses on the individual, seeking out a personal understanding of the world.
Essentialism - Essentialism values the “essence” of each object. Essence refers to the attribute, or set of attributes that make an object what it fundamentally is, and must have.
Progressivism - Progressivism holds that education should focus on the whole child, rather than on the content or the teacher. This educational philosophy stresses that students should test ideas by active experimentation.
Behaviorism - Behaviorism holds that behavior is shaped deliberately by forces in the environment and that the type of person and actions desired can be the product of design.
Constructivism - Constructivism claims that the learner actively constructs his or her own understandings of reality through interaction with objects, events, and people in the environment, and reflecting on these interactions. For learning to occur, an event, object, or experience must conflict with what the learner already knows. Therefore, the learner's previous experiences determine what can be learned.
Linguistic Philosophy - Linguistic philosophy is the view that philosophical problems could be solved (or dissolved) either by reforming language or by understanding more about the language that we presently use.
Perennialism - Perennialism is a normative educational philosophy according to which one should teach the things that are of everlasting relevance to all people everywhere and that the emphasis should be on principles, not facts.
Constructivism in classroom management by sheena bernalEdi sa puso mo :">
Constructivism in Classroom Management focuses on developing critical thinking skills, knowledge construction where students actively build new knowledge on old knowledge, and connecting new information to prior knowledge. Constructivist classrooms place less emphasis on punishment and more on identifying student needs. They are also democratic with teacher flexibility.
Here are the key points about John Dewey:
- American philosopher, psychologist, and educational reformer.
- Born in 1859 in Burlington, Vermont.
- Obtained his PhD from Johns Hopkins University in 1884.
- Taught at the University of Chicago from 1894 to 1904.
- Founded the University of Chicago Laboratory School in 1896 to test his educational philosophy.
- Believed that education should be based on experience and interaction rather than rote memorization.
- Emphasized the importance of learning through experience and hands-on activities rather than textbooks.
- One of the primary influences on progressive education in the 20th century.
- Died in 1952
This presentation is part of a course on Building a positive behaviour classroom. Teachers are encouraged to review the range of approaches to managing behaviour and develop their own.
Educ. 4 principles of teaching mara ico reportMara Ico
This document discusses principles of effective teaching and learning. It begins by defining principles and explaining that principles guide a teacher's conduct and behavior. It then discusses various teaching styles, approaches, and methods. Some key points made are that teaching is both an art and a science, and there are authoritarian, permissive, and democratic teaching styles. It also discusses concept teaching, constructivist teaching, and other approaches. The document also covers learning domains, learning styles, and principles of learning such as how prior knowledge and motivation impact learning. Overall, the document provides an overview of foundational principles and concepts related to effective teaching and learning.
This document provides an overview of the educational philosophy of reconstructionism. It discusses the key assumptions, principles, and implications for curriculum, roles of teachers and students, and classroom management. Reconstructionism emerged in reaction to World War II and emphasizes addressing social questions and creating a better society. It believes that education must commit to creating new democratic social orders that fulfill basic cultural values. The curriculum focuses on social problems and reform. Teachers are to prepare students for social change and revolution by discussing social issues. Students are given freedom to critically analyze problems and work towards new reforms. Classroom management aims to actively involve students in bringing real-world issues into the classroom.
The document discusses three learning theories: behaviorism, constructivism, and cognitivism. It then provides examples of how each theory could be applied in a classroom setting. Behaviorism uses rewards to shape student behavior, constructivism allows students to construct their own understandings through experiences, and cognitivism focuses on internal cognitive processes like critical thinking. The author's teaching philosophy most closely aligns with constructivism, as it emphasizes student participation, collaboration, and experience-based learning, which is well-suited for teaching theater.
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This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
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Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
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In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
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Key Learning Theories
1. Key Learning Theories
The purpose of this essay is to show an understanding of the main learning theories. This assessment will allow the chance to begin applying these
theories in a classroom setting by using an essay that analyses teaching practice within classroom. By looking further into the statement 'Effective
teachers need a range of strategies to ensure that students learn'. Critically using personal beliefs about learning as well as teaching to reflect on these
beliefs as well as considering their influence of developmental factors within the classroom, to show that it is vital for a fully working classroom. For
a teacher to have a variety of strategies so their student s learns as effective as possible.
Learning as a whole can be quite different, ranging...show more content...
The first looks at babies which can include joy, anger, sadness and fear. Later as a child begins to develop a sense of a child's self, more complex
emotions such as becoming shy, surprise, guilt, shame as well as empathy. A child in primary school, is still learning to identify their emotions, to use
this to understand why they happen and how they can manage these appropriately. As a student develops, there are things that provoke that emotional
response change, as do the strategies they may use to manage them. There is also many things that can affect the way a child expresses emotions,
both through words as well as behaviour. These may also include values, beliefs about appropriate as well as inappropriate ways of expressing
emotions that children learn. Whether this is from parents, carers as well as teachers. How effective a student's emotional needs are usually met, as
well as a student's temperament.
Moral development refers to the change and understanding of morality from infancy through to becoming an adult. Moral development works to
further look at how a child's system of values form, on which to base decisions concerning right as well as wrong good and bad. It is also important to
know values are underlying assumptions about moral decisions. Lawrence Kohlberg (1927–1987), an American psychologist who built upon piaget's
work in cognitive
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2. Learning Theories
Instructional Setting The teacher is teaching in a small country public school in Crane, Missouri. The class sizes are small, and there are
approximately 45 students in each grade. Crane is a Pre–K–12 school, and all grades are on the same campus. The teacher teaches first grade with
approximately 17 students in my class. The classroom that this student was in has the student sitting in small groups with centers all around the
classroom. Some of the centers are word art, writing using the word wall, there is a reading center and a math center. The classroom has visual aids
such as the word wall and picture cues to help the students with their writing. The student is eight years old. The student has already been retained
...show more content...
Another reason this is beneficial is the teacher is able to reflect on the lesson, and the teacher will become a better teacher form the reflection. They
concentrate on immediate observable behaviors (Robler, 2003). When students demonstrate the desired situations the behaviorist reinforces the students
(Robler, 2003). The Constructivist learning theory focuses on learning through experiences and hands on activities. Constructivists believe that students
learn better by students learning the material themselves rather than learning the material from a teacher (Ertmer, & Newby, 1993). Through personal
experiences, when the teacher provides hands on activity the students have a better understanding of the material being learned. An example of this is
if a teacher was teaching students about how much salt is left in the water from the sand run off the teacher would have the students put sand and salt
on a cookie sheet. Then the students would pour water on the sheet as the cookie sheet is on a 45–degree angle. The teacher would then place the
runoff on a bunsen burner. The teacher will give the students resources help them while they are setting their goals (Ertmer, & Newby, 1993). The
students in a constructivist classroom work in cooperative or collaborative learning groups (Ertmer, & Newby, 1993). The students are assessed through
authentic
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3. Learning Theories
As centuries changes, so too does the learning styles of students' changes. Hence different learning theories such as behaviorism, cognitivism, and
constructivism have been used to improve learning, performance and class involvement of student. Each of theories has distinctive features based on
their individual perspectives of the learning process. In this essay, I will mainly discuss 3 things: 1) the main tenet of behaviorism and constructivism, 2)
a comparison between cognitive and constructivism and 3) the implications that constructivism has for the classroom teacher with the central task of
teaching.
Behaviorism
Behaviorism is an approach which denies (with greater / lesser insistency) that consciousness has any relevance to...show more content...
Thirdly, reinforcement and punishment is strongly embedded in this approach. Due to the fact that behavior is the result of external stimuli, theories
suggest that a behavior can be modified through the use of reinforcements and punishments. Reinforcements are stimuli that encourage a person to do
the behavior again, while punishments discourage the behavior. For example, preventing your child from using the computer when he breaks curfew
would be considered a punishment because you want the behavior of breaking curfew to stop. Behavior modification through reinforcement and
punishment is called operant conditioning.
Constructivism
According to KristinsdГіttir (2001) " the view of constructivist, learning is a constructive process in which the learner is building an internal illustration
of knowledge, a personal interpretation of experience." This representation is continually open to modification, its structure and linkages forming the
ground to which other knowledge structures are attached. Firstly, learning is an active process in which meaning is accomplished on the basis of
experience. Although both cognitivists and constructivists view the learner as being actively involved in the learning process ( student centric), the
constructivists look at the learner as more than just an active processor of information. Learners create their own meaning of knowledge. Therefore, the
goal of
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4. What Are Learning Theories?
What are learning theories?
Learning theories are conceptual frameworks describing how knowledge is absorbed, processed, and retained during learning. Cognitive, emotional,
and environmental influences, as well as prior experience, all play a part in how understanding, or a world view, is acquired or changed and
knowledge and skills retained. Although there are many different approaches tolearning, there are four basic types of learning theory: behaviorism,
cognitive constructivist, social and cultural constructivist, and constructivism.
Theories
There are four dominant theories used in educational psychology. They are: behaviorism, social and cultural, cognitive, and constructivism. These
theories are displayed in multiple ways in the classroom and help teachers to teach their students.
Behaviorism is a learning theory entered around objective observable behavior. It discounts any independent activities of the...show more content...
I believe that constructivism learning best supports teaching and learning for my discipline. This is because this learning theory is centered around
students being able to learn in an environment where they can apply or be exposed to real life skills in the cognitive sense. Constructivist teachers
encourage their students to constantly assess how the activity is helping them gain a better understanding of what they are doing. I believe that having
students question themselves and their strategies they would become expert learners. When this is done they will then have gained tools to help
broaden their learning.
I would have students reflect on their experiences. When they do this, they would find that their ideas gained or increased in complexity and power,
and they would develop increasingly strong abilities to integrate new information. With using this theory in the classroom, I would be tapping into and
triggering student's innate curiosity about the world and how things
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