This document discusses the history and rationale for implementing a K-12 basic education program in the Philippines. It notes that prior to K-12, public school children only received 10 years of basic education, putting them at a disadvantage compared to children who could afford longer schooling. The K-12 program was implemented to 1) provide sufficient time for mastery of concepts, 2) develop lifelong learners, and 3) better prepare students for tertiary education and careers. The document outlines the key components and support systems of the K-12 program.