John Marshall, the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, was one of the "Midnight Judges" appointed by President Adams in his final hours in office to strengthen the Federalist hold on the judiciary. In the landmark case Marbury v. Madison, the Supreme Court established the principle of judicial review by declaring that it has the power to invalidate laws passed by Congress if they are unconstitutional. Additionally, Alexander Hamilton and the Federalists successfully established the first Bank of the United States to control currency and handle tax receipts, forging an alliance between government and wealthy businesses over the opposition of Anti-Federalists.

1. John Marshall & the Supreme Court

3. Bank of the United States