Job analysis is the process of describing and recording the key aspects of a job. It results in a job description, which outlines the tasks and physical/environmental requirements, and a job specification, which describes the necessary knowledge, skills, and abilities. Job analysis provides the basis for personnel selection, recruitment, performance appraisal, and other human resource functions. Common methods of conducting job analysis include task inventories, observation, interviews, and reviewing critical incidents. The analysis identifies the duties, skills required, equipment used, and other important job details.