Early humans such as Australopithecus afarensis used simple tools like sticks and sharp rocks to aid tasks like getting food. Homo habilis were the first to create tools rather than just using found objects, crafting items like sharpened rocks. Homo erectus created more complex tools including hand axes and learned to control fire. Later species such as Neanderthals and early Homo sapiens created an even wider variety of tools for hunting, shelter, clothing and more. Modern humans have increasingly sophisticated tools that make tasks much easier compared to early humans' basic sticks and stones.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
2. Introductions Do you know how we are standing here in this Earth looking how we are and having the tools that we have? Well, lets just say this... we started of as apes and evolves as who we are today. The tools that they made helped them have a easier life. We started from something called Australopithecus afarensis. We evolved from having sticks and rocks as our tool to having electronics, cars, and other stuffs to make our life easier. This is how it happened.
3. Australopithecus afarensis They use sticks to help them get the ants out of their ant hole by sticking the stick into the hole. Used sharp rocks to cut stuffs such as tough plants or meat. They don’t make their own tools (used tools that is nature-made) probably because they were not smart enough. Sticks and Rocks is used as a tool
4. Homo Habilis means Handy man. They were able to remember things, think ahead, and figure out how to make stuffs, which is all needed to make things as tools. They do the things that Australopithecus afarensiswere able to do (use sticks and rocks that lie around on the ground) but they also made stuffs like houses out of sticks and rocks. They are the first early person to switch one tool into another tool. This is the reason their name means handy man. They made tools such as sharpened rocks to cut things such as meat or to sharpen things such as wood. They didn’t have tools to make a fire yet but they used found fire. Into Stick and Stone A house Homo habilis
5. Homo erectus They had more tools that are complex than Homo habilis. They knew how to make fire by using simple tools such as stick against stick (Figure 1). This allowed Homo erectus to travel to colder areas such as Europe. Some of the tools they have used is stone hand ax(an ax without the handle). They also made other tools for butchering. By making a blade using a bone or a rock to chip of a flint, they were allowed to cut and scrape things such as meat or tools that might be needed to be sharpened. Fire Wood scratching one to make fire. Tool to make fire Stone hand ax
6. Homo sapiens neanderthalensis They used bones, chipped rocks, antlers a lot.As well as flints. Simples tools such as knives, spear sharpeners, and borers(tools to make holes in wood and other objects.) are used to hunt food, make shelter, and provide protection against danger. They made more complex tools than Homo erectus. They made tools like stone knife, harpoon, spears, ect. They made their own shelter and other structures to keep them safe. They used tools to make clothes. Stone Knife Harpoon Bone Antler
7. They made a tool that changed their life: bows and arrows. Bows and arrows let them hunt dangerous animals without getting hurt because they are far away. They also had varies of tools to hunt, fish, draw, paint, play music, and fight. For example for some of the tools are fishing rods. Transportation that they had made is canoe and rafts. They used tools to draw to draw cave painting. They used rock powder and animal fat to make paint. The brushes are made out of animal hair tied on to a small bone. They had varities of tools; more tools than neanderathal. For example, they made needles, fish hook, knives, spear point, ect. Bows and Arrows Fish Rod Needle Homo sapiens Cro-Magnons
8. They figured out farming so they made farming tools such as rakes, shovels, ect. They had figured out technology. They made cell phones, computer, and other electronics that made Homo sapiensapien’slife easier. They made more transportations such as cars and airplanes. This let the Homo sapiens sapiensto travel more easier. They had the tools that we have today…. because they are us. They had more complex tools to fight, build, draw, communicate, ect. Rake, computer, and a cell phone Homo sapiens sapiens
9. Conclusions As you seen from the previous slides, you have experienced how tools have changed from simple sticks and rocks into harpoons and fishing rods. Tools have changed a lot from when people were apes. This happened because they have evolved, and as they evolved, their brain capacity has increased quite a lot like we have today.
10. Bibliography Text Pictures Early Humanone of the Eyewitness books http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_evolution#Stone_tools Ancient World by Arnold Toutant and Susan Doyle Other Places, Other Times All of the pictures are made by myself by using shapes.