The document summarizes the evolution of tools used by different hominid species over millions of years. It describes how early hominids like Australopithecus afarensis used basic stone tools, while later species such as Homo habilis were able to craft sharper stone tools for hunting. Homo erectus developed improved tool making skills and used tools like stone axes. Neanderthals created bone needles and tools for sewing animal skins. Homo sapiens Cro-Magnon were skilled toolmakers who used advanced weapons and tools for sailing. Modern humans are extremely sophisticated toolmakers who utilize various forms of advanced transportation and construction materials in tools and buildings.

1. Tools of HominidsBy Jenna Mellor

2. Introduction Over thousands of years, there have been six different generations of humans or hominids. Throughout these many years, the tools of these hominids have progressed immensely. The tools have transformed from sharpened rocks and sticks, all the way to what the modern humans are able to construct today.

3. Australopithecus afarensis “Southern Ape”Australopithecus afarensis were the first hominid that evolved from apes. Their hands were jointed differently; therefore, they could use tools instead of being able to climb and cling onto treesThey didn’t have the intelligence to make sophisticated tools, so they may have made tools out of bones that they foundAustralopithecus afarensis mostly used tools that they found, they usually used the simplest, most basic tools

4. Homo habilis “Handy Man” Homo habilis were the second hominid on Earth. They evolved from Australopithecus afarensis.Known as the “tool- makers”This period of time was called the Stone Age because Homo habilis made tools out of stoneThey made stone tools for chopping, scraping, and cuttingThey were able to hunt for food using sharpened rocks and sticksHomo habilis could use fire but were unable to make and control itThey mostly made shelters out of tree branches and used stones as toolsThese hominids used a knife edge, a side scraper, a primitive hammer, and a scraper as tools to survive

5. Homo erectus “Upright Man” Homo erectus were the third hominid on Earth. They evolved from Homo habilis.During this period of time, the tool making skills had improvedThey could make weapons including stone axes and knivesHomo erectus were considered the first true huntersThey were able to make and control fire; therefore, they could migrate out of Africa

6. Homo sapiens Neanderthalensis “Wise Man” Homo sapiens Neanderthalensis were the fourth hominid on Earth. They evolved from Homo erectus.They made stone tools, bone needles, and bone fish hooksThey were able to sew clothes from animal skins and thread from other parts of animalsThey mostly used caves as their homes instead of building oneHomo sapiens Neanderthalensis were great hunters and cooked their prey

7. Homo sapiens Cro- magnon “Early Modern Humans” Homo sapiens Cro- magnon were the fifth hominids on Earth. They evolved from Homo sapiens Neanderthalensis.They made permanent homes that looked like tents or tepeesHomo sapiens Cro- magnon made their homes out of tree branches, mammoth bones, and animal skinsVery skilled toolmakersTheir weapons include stone axes, knives, spears, harpoons, wooden bows, and sharp, stone tipped arrowsThey could make rafts so they could sail across oceansThese hominids made clothing and jewellery

8. Homo sapiens sapiens “Modern Humans” Homo sapiens sapiens are the sixth hominid and are on the Earth right now. Homo sapiens sapiens are us. We evolved from Cro- magnon. Extremely sophisticated toolmakers; every man-made tool that we have today is made by Homo sapiens sapiensWe make several forms of transportationBuild permanent homes out of wood, stone, bricks, etc.Make clothing and jewellery

9. Tools ChartYearTools10 000 years agoBlades50 000 years agoLater hand axes200 000 years agoEarly hand axes1million years agoChoppers2.5 million years agoPebble tools

10. Conclusion Tools over these many years have transformed by a huge amount. The progression of the tools has helped us fulfil our basic needs and lifestyles.

11. Bibliography- PicturesHominid transformation by bryanwright5@gmail.com @ http://www.flickr.com/photos/spidermandragon5/2922128673/sizes/m/in/photostream/ Australopithecus afarensis by Rafaelamonteiro80 @ http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Australopithecus_afarensis_new.JPGHomo habilis by Sargoth @ http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Homo_habilis-cropped.jpgHomo erectus by Ryan Somma @ http://www.flickr.com/photos/14405058@N08/2955598515Homo erectus skull by askabird @ http://www.flickr.com/photos/93752018@N00/756057273Homo sapiens Neanderthalensis by Matt Celeskey @ http://www.flickr.com/photos/7855197@N05/2771735470Homo sapiens Cro- magnon by High Contrast @ http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Diorama,_cavemen_-_National_Museum_of_Mongolian_History.jpgHomo sapiens sapiens by Paulo Cesar-1 @ http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:H._sapiens_sapiens.jpgHomo sapiens sapiens skull by Dr. Gunter Bechly @ http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Homo_sapiens_Combe_Capelle.jpg

12. Bibliography- InformationBooks:Other Places, Other Times by Rosemary Neering and Peter GrantAncient Worlds by Arnold Toutant and Susan DoyleWebsites:http://earlyhumans.mrdonns.org/toold.htmlhttp://earlyhumans.mrdonns.org/lucy.htmlhttp://earlyhumans.mrdonns.org/fire.htmlhttp://earlyhumans.mrdonns.org/neanderthals.htmlhttp://earlyhumans.mrdonns.org/cromagnon.html