This is a talk given as part of Open Access Week 2021 (#OAWeek2021) at Flinders University.
Abstract: Despite the seismic shifts of the last couple of decades with the introduction of the internet, scholarly publishing has remained basically unchanged. The Mertonian norms were established in 1942 when science was ‘under attack’, and today science is once more being questioned. It is time to return to our base principles. The open agenda offers a path not only to reproducibility and increased trust in research, but also addresses questions related to research culture, allowing a more diverse and inclusive environment.
presentation at Beyond oil 2021 conference, BergenKatharina Biely
This is my presentation at the Beyond oil conference in 2021. https://www.uib.no/en/cet/119021/beyond-oil-conference#program-2021-
Title: Behavioral change for a socio-economic transition: linking system with individual behavior in complex systems.
This document discusses the challenges scientists face in communicating their research findings to decision-makers and the public. It describes how the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) addresses these challenges through rigorous assessment processes. However, adapting to climate change at local levels will require different approaches than those used by the IPCC. Knowledge action networks that include social scientists can help connect research to community-level adaptation by building trust between experts and local leaders.
Calculus or Conscience? A Critique Of The Ethics And Hidden Assumptions Of C...Jeremy Williams
This document summarizes criticisms of using integrated assessment models (IAMs) and cost-benefit analysis (CBA) to determine climate change policy. It argues that IAMs make unrealistic assumptions that all impacts can be monetized and that high discount rates are appropriate. This leads IAMs to underestimate climate risks and suggest doing relatively little now to reduce emissions. The document concludes that climate policy should be based on limiting temperature rise to a scientifically determined safe level, and economists should then identify least-cost strategies to achieve that target.
This document provides an overview of a presentation given by Andy Stirling on 'Nexus Methods' at the ESRC Methods Festival. It discusses the complex and interconnected nature of issues related to the food-water-energy nexus. It notes that while there are many quantitative and qualitative methods that can be applied to nexus issues, they all involve subjective framings and no single method can capture the full complexity. The presentation advocates a reflexive approach that acknowledges the conditional nature of knowledge and assessment in this domain.
Feygina, Jost, & Goldsmith (2010, PSPB) System Justification, Denial of Globa...Irina Feygina, Ph.D.
This study examines how system justification tendencies relate to denial of environmental problems and resistance to pro-environmental action. The researchers hypothesize that people are motivated to defend the societal status quo, even when it poses threats like environmental destruction. They propose that greater system justification will be associated with increased denial of environmental issues and less commitment to environmentalism. The study also explores whether system justification can explain known differences in environmental attitudes along political, national, and gender lines. Specifically, it tests if higher system justification among conservatives, strong national identifiers, and men can account for their lower levels of environmental concern compared to liberals, weaker national identifiers, and women. Finally, the researchers investigate whether encouraging environmental change as consistent with protecting the status quo can
The document discusses the design of an "Eco-cell", which is a framework for education for sustainability. It will be developed based on research into how deep ecology, Buddhist philosophy, systems theory, and biomimicry can assist in evolving strategies beyond mere compliance. The Eco-cell will include components like a nucleus for self-realization, a cell membrane for reconnecting to deep ecology, and a powerhouse utilizing permaculture design principles. It aims to foster an ecological self through experiential learning and an integrated holistic systems perspective.
10 heuristics for modeling decision makingBarney Stacher
This document discusses ten heuristics for developing interdisciplinary simulation models through collaborative teamwork. It begins by describing the value of integrated system models for addressing complex environmental problems but notes the challenges of developing such models interdisciplinarily.
The heuristics discussed include: carefully selecting team members with big-picture thinking skills; heavily investing in early problem definition through negotiation; and using rapid prototyping rather than attempting to fully specify models upfront. The Sustainability of Arctic Communities project is used to illustrate these heuristics, such as how developing initial conceptual models aided in problem definition and team assembly.
Develop a basic understanding of Critical Thinking and its use.
Develop a basic appreciation for a Total Life System.
Raise awareness to Contradictions in our lives and the world around us.
presentation at Beyond oil 2021 conference, BergenKatharina Biely
This is my presentation at the Beyond oil conference in 2021. https://www.uib.no/en/cet/119021/beyond-oil-conference#program-2021-
Title: Behavioral change for a socio-economic transition: linking system with individual behavior in complex systems.
This document discusses the challenges scientists face in communicating their research findings to decision-makers and the public. It describes how the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) addresses these challenges through rigorous assessment processes. However, adapting to climate change at local levels will require different approaches than those used by the IPCC. Knowledge action networks that include social scientists can help connect research to community-level adaptation by building trust between experts and local leaders.
Calculus or Conscience? A Critique Of The Ethics And Hidden Assumptions Of C...Jeremy Williams
This document summarizes criticisms of using integrated assessment models (IAMs) and cost-benefit analysis (CBA) to determine climate change policy. It argues that IAMs make unrealistic assumptions that all impacts can be monetized and that high discount rates are appropriate. This leads IAMs to underestimate climate risks and suggest doing relatively little now to reduce emissions. The document concludes that climate policy should be based on limiting temperature rise to a scientifically determined safe level, and economists should then identify least-cost strategies to achieve that target.
This document provides an overview of a presentation given by Andy Stirling on 'Nexus Methods' at the ESRC Methods Festival. It discusses the complex and interconnected nature of issues related to the food-water-energy nexus. It notes that while there are many quantitative and qualitative methods that can be applied to nexus issues, they all involve subjective framings and no single method can capture the full complexity. The presentation advocates a reflexive approach that acknowledges the conditional nature of knowledge and assessment in this domain.
Feygina, Jost, & Goldsmith (2010, PSPB) System Justification, Denial of Globa...Irina Feygina, Ph.D.
This study examines how system justification tendencies relate to denial of environmental problems and resistance to pro-environmental action. The researchers hypothesize that people are motivated to defend the societal status quo, even when it poses threats like environmental destruction. They propose that greater system justification will be associated with increased denial of environmental issues and less commitment to environmentalism. The study also explores whether system justification can explain known differences in environmental attitudes along political, national, and gender lines. Specifically, it tests if higher system justification among conservatives, strong national identifiers, and men can account for their lower levels of environmental concern compared to liberals, weaker national identifiers, and women. Finally, the researchers investigate whether encouraging environmental change as consistent with protecting the status quo can
The document discusses the design of an "Eco-cell", which is a framework for education for sustainability. It will be developed based on research into how deep ecology, Buddhist philosophy, systems theory, and biomimicry can assist in evolving strategies beyond mere compliance. The Eco-cell will include components like a nucleus for self-realization, a cell membrane for reconnecting to deep ecology, and a powerhouse utilizing permaculture design principles. It aims to foster an ecological self through experiential learning and an integrated holistic systems perspective.
10 heuristics for modeling decision makingBarney Stacher
This document discusses ten heuristics for developing interdisciplinary simulation models through collaborative teamwork. It begins by describing the value of integrated system models for addressing complex environmental problems but notes the challenges of developing such models interdisciplinarily.
The heuristics discussed include: carefully selecting team members with big-picture thinking skills; heavily investing in early problem definition through negotiation; and using rapid prototyping rather than attempting to fully specify models upfront. The Sustainability of Arctic Communities project is used to illustrate these heuristics, such as how developing initial conceptual models aided in problem definition and team assembly.
Develop a basic understanding of Critical Thinking and its use.
Develop a basic appreciation for a Total Life System.
Raise awareness to Contradictions in our lives and the world around us.
The document discusses problems with traditional authorship practices in scientific publishing and proposes contributorship as an alternative. Traditional authorship obscures individual contributions, allows honorary authorships, and does not support growing specialization in science. Contributorship would provide a formal record of specific contributions using a standardized taxonomy and address issues of fairness, accountability, and efficient allocation of resources.
With the progress towards open science, scientific communication is facing a new wave of innovations towards more openness and speed of research publication which will deeply affect the way the peer review function is carried out and the overall role of journals in assuring quality and adding value to manuscripts.
Several initiatives are promoting the generalized adoption of open access preprints as a formal beginning stage of research publication, which has been common since the 90’s in the physics community. And, in the last decade, new ways to carry out the evaluation of manuscripts have emerged either to replace or to improve the traditional methods, which are widely criticized as being slow and expensive in addition to lacking transparency.
Quality nonprofit journals from emerging and developing countries have succeeded to follow the main innovations brought by the Internet. In addition to the technicalities of the digital publishing, there is a wide adoption of Open Access in the international flow of scientific information. The new wave of innovations that affect the peer review function and the changing role of journals pose new challenges to the emerging and developing countries in regard of scientific publishing. The adoption of these innovations is essential for progress of SciELO as a leading open access program to enhance scientific communication.
The scope of this workshop aims at an in-depth analysis and discussion of the state of art and main trends of the peer review function, the modalities of carrying it out as well as of the increasing adoption of mechanisms to speed publication such as preprints and how they affect and potentially renew the role of journals. These recommendations will guide SciELO policies on manuscript evaluation and on the adoption of preprint publications.
Accept with revisions: The evolving peer review landscapeScholastica
Peer review is evolving as the research landscape changes. While peer review ensures research quality, challenges include reproducibility and bias. Journals are addressing issues like transparency, diversity, and standards compliance through initiatives promoting preprints, registered reports, open data badges, and guidelines on inclusion. Overall, peer review remains important but reforms aim to uphold scholarly ideals while encouraging openness, access, and accountability across the research community.
Scholarly communication: Not just for scholars anymoreJoseph Kraus
This document discusses scholarly communication and open access. It notes that while various organizations push for more open access to research, there are still misunderstandings about open access among scientists, researchers, publishers and librarians. Specifically, some misunderstand behaviors include thinking open access is not needed or that the general public would not understand research articles. The document also discusses how the culture among scientists values traditional peer-reviewed journals and gatekeepers, and is slow to change. It suggests librarians can help address these issues by continuing to observe scientist behaviors and demonstrating the benefits of open access, such as increased citations.
The document summarizes a webinar on altmetrics presented by altmetric.com, Science-Metrix, and Elsevier Labs. Altmetrics measure the broader impact of scholarly works through social media mentions, downloads, views, and saves. They provide new perspectives on the societal and academic impact of research beyond traditional metrics like citations. However, altmetrics are still in early stages and have limitations like disciplinary biases since some fields are more active on social media than others. More research is needed to better understand what altmetrics represent and how they can most useful complement traditional metrics.
This presentation was provided by Dave Kochalko of Artifacts during the NISO event, "Is This Still Working? Incentives to Publish, Metrics, and New Reward Systems," held on February 20, 2019.
Remapping the Global and Local in Knowledge Production: Roles of Open AccessLeslie Chan
It is generally acknowledged that researchers and institutions in the Global South suffer from knowledge isolation because of poor infrastructure and lack of access to key resources, including the current literature. The remedy is therefore capacity building and the transfer of not only knowledge, but also the institutional framework of knowledge creation from the North to the South. In this context, Open Access to the scholarly literature is seen as a means of bridging the global knowledge gap.
In this presentation, I argue that a key contributor to the continual knowledge divide and the invisibility of knowledge from the Global South is the persistence and dominance of Northern frameworks of research evaluation and quality metrics, coupled with outmoded national and international innovation policies based on exclusion and competitiveness. These narrow measures have tended to skew international research agenda and undermine locally relevant research.
A great opportunity that Open Access provides is the means to develop alternative metrics of research uptake and impact that are more inclusive of knowledge from the South, particularly those with development outcomes. In particular, it is important to re-conceptualize and re-design the metrics of research impact to reflect new scholarly practices and the diverse means of engagement enabled by OA and the new wave of social media tools. At the same time, appropriate policies need to be developed to reward open scholarship and to encourage research sharing — issues of particular importance for ending knowledge isolation. Examples of the new kinds of “invisible college” enabled by networking tools and OA will be presented, and particular attention will be paid to innovations emanating from the periphery.
This document provides guidance for science journalists on how to effectively research, write about, and engage audiences on scientific topics. It discusses challenges in science journalism like the spread of misinformation. The document outlines different models for communicating science to the public and emphasizes building trust by presenting information factually, transparently, and in a way that relates to people's lives. It provides tips for journalists on properly researching and verifying scientific claims by checking the credibility of sources and identifying limitations or biases. The overall goal is to help journalists immerse themselves in research and interact with scientists to produce stories that stimulate public understanding and discussion of important scientific issues.
Science News in the Digital Age - #SciCommLSU Lecture 7Paige Jarreau
The document discusses the changing landscape of science journalism in the digital age. It notes the rise of an extensive science news "ecosystem" that includes legacy media sources, science blogs, advocacy blogs, and social media users. Science journalists now play a variety of roles like conduits, public intellectuals, agenda-setters, watchdogs, and investigators. They also face pressures of adapting to online and social media while filling diverse roles as the news industry changes. The digital age brings challenges around reaching different audiences and ensuring high-quality science information.
Rethinking Metrics of International Growth and Impact of Open Access Leslie Chan
This document discusses the need to rethink metrics used to measure the impact and growth of open access research, especially from developing countries. Currently, metrics like the Journal Impact Factor prioritize research seen as "new" by Western standards, despite important research being done elsewhere. Open access helps disseminate this diverse research but structural barriers remain. The document calls for aligning funding policies with new, broader metrics of impact that consider local knowledge and problems, in order to build a truly global and equitable scholarly system.
Ideas that seem obvious today, at one point were obscure facts known only to a select few. The health benefits of washing hands, wearing a seatbelt while in a car - none of these ideas and practices were accepted immediately. In addition to needing time to incubate, new ideas also need to be accessible so that they can be tested, debated, and built upon. This presentation, which is based on my previous research and personal experiences, will highlight the importance and connection between open access publishing and the role of social media in promotion and dissemination of scholarly research.
Workshop presentation by Alexander Grossmann, founder of ScienceOpen and professor of publishing management, at the 25th European Students' Conference 2014 in Berlin on Sep 17, 2014 with about 100 students and graduate students attending the seminar.
Chan aaas open_access_knowledgeisolationCRDF Global
This document discusses the need to rethink metrics of international growth and impact of open access. It argues that current metrics like the Journal Impact Factor skew knowledge production away from developing world issues and priorities. Open access has enabled innovations in knowledge sharing from the "peripheries" but current reward systems do not recognize this work. New alternative metrics are needed that align funding and incentives with open and networked scholarship to build a more equitable and sustainable knowledge commons.
Publication Strategies in the Social and Cultural Sciencesuherb
These slides are part of an online workshop on “Publication Strategies in the Social and Cultural Sciences” held on 13 and 14 July for the Viadrina University of Frankfurt/ Oder.
Publish or perish - Those who do not publish will not make a career. However, finding a suitable publication option has never been as time-consuming as it is today. The scientific publication market is growing and differentiating itself continuously: Open Access, for example, is a familiar way of publishing today, but it is itself differentiated into a number of variants - green, gold, bronze or platinum Open Access. How to keep an oversight? The workshop will give an orientation for the bazaar of scientific publishing and will cover topics such as publication processes, quality assurance, impact measurement and rankings, open access vs. closed access and legal aspects. The workshop enables participants to develop an individual publication strategy and to consciously take advantage of the options and offers of the increasingly differentiated publishing market.
Publishing your Work in a Rapidly Changing Scholarly Communications EnvironmentCourtney Mlinar
This document discusses the rapidly changing scholarly communications environment and issues surrounding publishing research. It notes debates around making federally funded research openly accessible and proposed legislation. It also covers tools for tracking citations and measuring impact, such as the Journal Impact Factor, Eigenfactor, Article Influence Score, and Hirsch index. Various publishing models and players in the field, including open access options, are outlined. Evaluation criteria like the CRAAP test for assessing information sources are presented.
Researchers are increasingly using social media for their work. It allows them to connect with other researchers worldwide, collaborate on projects, seek feedback, and promote their research to a broader audience. Some key benefits of social media include gaining new ideas through weak ties in open networks, earning social capital and visibility, and facilitating instant peer review. However, issues like trust, managing multiple platforms, and privacy need to be addressed for online social research to reach its full potential.
Presented at the ACRL Scholarly Communication 101 Road Show at The Ohio State University in Newark, Ohio on June 7, 2011; sponsored by the Academic Library Association of Ohio (ALAO) and OhioLINK
This document summarizes a presentation on research ethics and scientific publication. It discusses author responsibilities including submitting original work and obtaining proper permissions. It defines plagiarism, self-plagiarism, and other ethical violations. It provides examples of plagiarized papers that were retracted from journals. It discusses how journals detect problems, handle ethical violations, and work to uphold integrity. It emphasizes sharing knowledge through peer-reviewed publication and the importance of ethical conduct in research.
Artificial Intelligence and implications for research outputsDanny Kingsley
A talk for UKSG online seminar "Publication to press: Building trust in research communication" held on 27 June 2023.
Abstract:
General AI observations:
* AI probably won’t kill us, but there are risks to identity and reputation
* Regulation around AI is starting but the big corporations are trying to control the discourse
Observations about AI and research publishing
* AI can help with the research process – but it's not a replacement for critical thinking
* The current research publishing environment is full of problems both with and without ChatGPT
* AI is a challenge for the open movement & reproducibility and is likely to feed the paper mill tsunami
Posit: AI is currently the whipping boy for our research assessment system
Conclusion: We need to change the research assessment system
This presentation was given to the CAUL seminar: “Unpacking open access and transformational publisher agreements – exploring a new academic library narrative” on 27 April 2023.
It discusses the history behind Read and Publish deals and the implications they have on an open strategy in Australia.
More Related Content
Similar to It’s publishing but not as you know it: How Open is Changing Everything
The document discusses problems with traditional authorship practices in scientific publishing and proposes contributorship as an alternative. Traditional authorship obscures individual contributions, allows honorary authorships, and does not support growing specialization in science. Contributorship would provide a formal record of specific contributions using a standardized taxonomy and address issues of fairness, accountability, and efficient allocation of resources.
With the progress towards open science, scientific communication is facing a new wave of innovations towards more openness and speed of research publication which will deeply affect the way the peer review function is carried out and the overall role of journals in assuring quality and adding value to manuscripts.
Several initiatives are promoting the generalized adoption of open access preprints as a formal beginning stage of research publication, which has been common since the 90’s in the physics community. And, in the last decade, new ways to carry out the evaluation of manuscripts have emerged either to replace or to improve the traditional methods, which are widely criticized as being slow and expensive in addition to lacking transparency.
Quality nonprofit journals from emerging and developing countries have succeeded to follow the main innovations brought by the Internet. In addition to the technicalities of the digital publishing, there is a wide adoption of Open Access in the international flow of scientific information. The new wave of innovations that affect the peer review function and the changing role of journals pose new challenges to the emerging and developing countries in regard of scientific publishing. The adoption of these innovations is essential for progress of SciELO as a leading open access program to enhance scientific communication.
The scope of this workshop aims at an in-depth analysis and discussion of the state of art and main trends of the peer review function, the modalities of carrying it out as well as of the increasing adoption of mechanisms to speed publication such as preprints and how they affect and potentially renew the role of journals. These recommendations will guide SciELO policies on manuscript evaluation and on the adoption of preprint publications.
Accept with revisions: The evolving peer review landscapeScholastica
Peer review is evolving as the research landscape changes. While peer review ensures research quality, challenges include reproducibility and bias. Journals are addressing issues like transparency, diversity, and standards compliance through initiatives promoting preprints, registered reports, open data badges, and guidelines on inclusion. Overall, peer review remains important but reforms aim to uphold scholarly ideals while encouraging openness, access, and accountability across the research community.
Scholarly communication: Not just for scholars anymoreJoseph Kraus
This document discusses scholarly communication and open access. It notes that while various organizations push for more open access to research, there are still misunderstandings about open access among scientists, researchers, publishers and librarians. Specifically, some misunderstand behaviors include thinking open access is not needed or that the general public would not understand research articles. The document also discusses how the culture among scientists values traditional peer-reviewed journals and gatekeepers, and is slow to change. It suggests librarians can help address these issues by continuing to observe scientist behaviors and demonstrating the benefits of open access, such as increased citations.
The document summarizes a webinar on altmetrics presented by altmetric.com, Science-Metrix, and Elsevier Labs. Altmetrics measure the broader impact of scholarly works through social media mentions, downloads, views, and saves. They provide new perspectives on the societal and academic impact of research beyond traditional metrics like citations. However, altmetrics are still in early stages and have limitations like disciplinary biases since some fields are more active on social media than others. More research is needed to better understand what altmetrics represent and how they can most useful complement traditional metrics.
This presentation was provided by Dave Kochalko of Artifacts during the NISO event, "Is This Still Working? Incentives to Publish, Metrics, and New Reward Systems," held on February 20, 2019.
Remapping the Global and Local in Knowledge Production: Roles of Open AccessLeslie Chan
It is generally acknowledged that researchers and institutions in the Global South suffer from knowledge isolation because of poor infrastructure and lack of access to key resources, including the current literature. The remedy is therefore capacity building and the transfer of not only knowledge, but also the institutional framework of knowledge creation from the North to the South. In this context, Open Access to the scholarly literature is seen as a means of bridging the global knowledge gap.
In this presentation, I argue that a key contributor to the continual knowledge divide and the invisibility of knowledge from the Global South is the persistence and dominance of Northern frameworks of research evaluation and quality metrics, coupled with outmoded national and international innovation policies based on exclusion and competitiveness. These narrow measures have tended to skew international research agenda and undermine locally relevant research.
A great opportunity that Open Access provides is the means to develop alternative metrics of research uptake and impact that are more inclusive of knowledge from the South, particularly those with development outcomes. In particular, it is important to re-conceptualize and re-design the metrics of research impact to reflect new scholarly practices and the diverse means of engagement enabled by OA and the new wave of social media tools. At the same time, appropriate policies need to be developed to reward open scholarship and to encourage research sharing — issues of particular importance for ending knowledge isolation. Examples of the new kinds of “invisible college” enabled by networking tools and OA will be presented, and particular attention will be paid to innovations emanating from the periphery.
This document provides guidance for science journalists on how to effectively research, write about, and engage audiences on scientific topics. It discusses challenges in science journalism like the spread of misinformation. The document outlines different models for communicating science to the public and emphasizes building trust by presenting information factually, transparently, and in a way that relates to people's lives. It provides tips for journalists on properly researching and verifying scientific claims by checking the credibility of sources and identifying limitations or biases. The overall goal is to help journalists immerse themselves in research and interact with scientists to produce stories that stimulate public understanding and discussion of important scientific issues.
Science News in the Digital Age - #SciCommLSU Lecture 7Paige Jarreau
The document discusses the changing landscape of science journalism in the digital age. It notes the rise of an extensive science news "ecosystem" that includes legacy media sources, science blogs, advocacy blogs, and social media users. Science journalists now play a variety of roles like conduits, public intellectuals, agenda-setters, watchdogs, and investigators. They also face pressures of adapting to online and social media while filling diverse roles as the news industry changes. The digital age brings challenges around reaching different audiences and ensuring high-quality science information.
Rethinking Metrics of International Growth and Impact of Open Access Leslie Chan
This document discusses the need to rethink metrics used to measure the impact and growth of open access research, especially from developing countries. Currently, metrics like the Journal Impact Factor prioritize research seen as "new" by Western standards, despite important research being done elsewhere. Open access helps disseminate this diverse research but structural barriers remain. The document calls for aligning funding policies with new, broader metrics of impact that consider local knowledge and problems, in order to build a truly global and equitable scholarly system.
Ideas that seem obvious today, at one point were obscure facts known only to a select few. The health benefits of washing hands, wearing a seatbelt while in a car - none of these ideas and practices were accepted immediately. In addition to needing time to incubate, new ideas also need to be accessible so that they can be tested, debated, and built upon. This presentation, which is based on my previous research and personal experiences, will highlight the importance and connection between open access publishing and the role of social media in promotion and dissemination of scholarly research.
Workshop presentation by Alexander Grossmann, founder of ScienceOpen and professor of publishing management, at the 25th European Students' Conference 2014 in Berlin on Sep 17, 2014 with about 100 students and graduate students attending the seminar.
Chan aaas open_access_knowledgeisolationCRDF Global
This document discusses the need to rethink metrics of international growth and impact of open access. It argues that current metrics like the Journal Impact Factor skew knowledge production away from developing world issues and priorities. Open access has enabled innovations in knowledge sharing from the "peripheries" but current reward systems do not recognize this work. New alternative metrics are needed that align funding and incentives with open and networked scholarship to build a more equitable and sustainable knowledge commons.
Publication Strategies in the Social and Cultural Sciencesuherb
These slides are part of an online workshop on “Publication Strategies in the Social and Cultural Sciences” held on 13 and 14 July for the Viadrina University of Frankfurt/ Oder.
Publish or perish - Those who do not publish will not make a career. However, finding a suitable publication option has never been as time-consuming as it is today. The scientific publication market is growing and differentiating itself continuously: Open Access, for example, is a familiar way of publishing today, but it is itself differentiated into a number of variants - green, gold, bronze or platinum Open Access. How to keep an oversight? The workshop will give an orientation for the bazaar of scientific publishing and will cover topics such as publication processes, quality assurance, impact measurement and rankings, open access vs. closed access and legal aspects. The workshop enables participants to develop an individual publication strategy and to consciously take advantage of the options and offers of the increasingly differentiated publishing market.
Publishing your Work in a Rapidly Changing Scholarly Communications EnvironmentCourtney Mlinar
This document discusses the rapidly changing scholarly communications environment and issues surrounding publishing research. It notes debates around making federally funded research openly accessible and proposed legislation. It also covers tools for tracking citations and measuring impact, such as the Journal Impact Factor, Eigenfactor, Article Influence Score, and Hirsch index. Various publishing models and players in the field, including open access options, are outlined. Evaluation criteria like the CRAAP test for assessing information sources are presented.
Researchers are increasingly using social media for their work. It allows them to connect with other researchers worldwide, collaborate on projects, seek feedback, and promote their research to a broader audience. Some key benefits of social media include gaining new ideas through weak ties in open networks, earning social capital and visibility, and facilitating instant peer review. However, issues like trust, managing multiple platforms, and privacy need to be addressed for online social research to reach its full potential.
Presented at the ACRL Scholarly Communication 101 Road Show at The Ohio State University in Newark, Ohio on June 7, 2011; sponsored by the Academic Library Association of Ohio (ALAO) and OhioLINK
This document summarizes a presentation on research ethics and scientific publication. It discusses author responsibilities including submitting original work and obtaining proper permissions. It defines plagiarism, self-plagiarism, and other ethical violations. It provides examples of plagiarized papers that were retracted from journals. It discusses how journals detect problems, handle ethical violations, and work to uphold integrity. It emphasizes sharing knowledge through peer-reviewed publication and the importance of ethical conduct in research.
Similar to It’s publishing but not as you know it: How Open is Changing Everything (20)
Artificial Intelligence and implications for research outputsDanny Kingsley
A talk for UKSG online seminar "Publication to press: Building trust in research communication" held on 27 June 2023.
Abstract:
General AI observations:
* AI probably won’t kill us, but there are risks to identity and reputation
* Regulation around AI is starting but the big corporations are trying to control the discourse
Observations about AI and research publishing
* AI can help with the research process – but it's not a replacement for critical thinking
* The current research publishing environment is full of problems both with and without ChatGPT
* AI is a challenge for the open movement & reproducibility and is likely to feed the paper mill tsunami
Posit: AI is currently the whipping boy for our research assessment system
Conclusion: We need to change the research assessment system
This presentation was given to the CAUL seminar: “Unpacking open access and transformational publisher agreements – exploring a new academic library narrative” on 27 April 2023.
It discusses the history behind Read and Publish deals and the implications they have on an open strategy in Australia.
This was a keynote talk to the Australian Library and Information Association (ALIA) QLD 'Reimagine' conference.
https://aliaqld.wordpress.com/2022/10/04/alia-qld-mini-conference-2022-reimagine/
The focus of the talk was on the need for people working in libraries to 'let go' from the minutiae to allow space to focus on the bigger picture.
The macrame of scholarly training - collecting the cords that bind Danny Kingsley
This document summarizes a presentation on the need for a modern curriculum to teach research skills to students. It argues that current training focuses more on teaching and learning but not research practice. A modern curriculum is needed to define and standardize the skills required for research. Libraries are well-positioned to help develop such a curriculum since they already provide much of the training on skills like scholarly communication. Developing a standardized framework of research skills would help libraries and others consistently teach the practices needed for success in research.
Scholarly communication competencies: An analysis of confidence among Austral...Danny Kingsley
These slides are from a talk given on 19 January 2022 CISC Research Seminar at Charles Sturt University.
The paper to which these slides talk is available at: https://dx.doi.org/10.25911/45BB-9Y24
ABSTRACT: This talk will discuss the results from a nationwide survey of the level of confidence that librarians working in scholarly communication in Australia and New Zealand have in their current competencies. The work showed that while respondents were generally confident across seven competency areas (Institutional repository management, Publishing services, Research practice, Copyright services, Open access policies and scholarly communication landscape, Data management services, and Assessment and impact metrics), the majority combined their scholarly communication tasks with other roles. There are challenges across the sector in updating skills and knowledge to keep abreast of current trends and developments were identified. This work has significant implications for improving both the education provision in this area and creating more professional development opportunities.
Leveraging the ETD as a pathway to broader discussions about openness in a un...Danny Kingsley
Workshop held as part of ETD2021 https://conferences.uaeu.ac.ae/etd2021/en/index.shtml on 15 November 2021
This workshop will explore different challenges to making ETDs openly available and how they can be used within an institution to engage with faculty in relation to open research practices. Example considerations include the use of third party copyright, whether a data management plan is required as part of the PhD research process and how the ethical approval process can be a natural point for considering and formalizing research integrity issues. Through these processes, universities have an opportunity to not only ensure the next generation of scholars are working with a high level of research integrity, but also to update the skills and knowledge of those who supervise PhD students.
Hard won: the challenges of obtaining scholarly communication knowledge & skillsDanny Kingsley
This is a talk presented to ALIA HLA Lunchtime Series 2021: 'All things Open' - updates on the current state of Open Scholarship in Australia: Event 1
ABSTRACT: "This talk will consider the challenges associated with identifying and acquiring the skills needed in scholarly communication. It will describe some of the findings from a recent Australasian survey https://cpas.anu.edu.au/research/research-projects/scholarly-communication-knowledge-and-skills-australasian-research considering the educational and training backgrounds of people working in scholarly communication support, and their confidence in a range of specific competencies. The talk will also discuss the need to identify and articulate a curriculum for scholarly communication for the research community and how this will both inform the skill sets needed within academic and other research libraries and assist future workforce planning."
Open Access policies at Australian universitiesDanny Kingsley
This is a talk given at the Research Support Community Day (#RSCDay21) by Danny Kingsley & Simon Wakeling on a research project they are doing with Hamid Jamali, Mary Anne Kennan and Maryam Sarrafzadeh.
ABSTRACT: It has long been recognised that policies and mandates are key drivers of open access (OA) publishing and dissemination. While a great deal of attention has been placed on funder policies, researchers are also often covered by institutional policies or guidelines. This presentation will provide an overview of the state of open access policies at Australian universities. It will report on a research project that is analysing all existing OA policies, or policies that are related to open access (for example dissemination of research output policies) at Australian universities. In addition to reporting whether universities have policies explicitly related to open access, and what those policies require of researchers, the project also explores how universities define OA, and the extent to which their policies represent a form of OA advocacy. The presentation will include highlights from a comparison of university policies for their similarities and differences, a discussion of their key characteristics, and an assessment of the potential future role of such policies in the context of the national and international OA landscape.
Where to from here? Identifying training and professional development needs o...Danny Kingsley
This is a talk given to the Australian 2021 Research Support Community Day (#RSCDay21).
ABSTRACT: Understanding scholarly communication is becoming increasingly important within research institutions. In response, the number and range of scholarly communication-related roles within academic libraries, and other departments and divisions, have been growing steadily for nearly 20 years. Yet there are very few formal training opportunities for people moving into these roles. This has led to something of a crisis, with a recent paper in the US identifying that “scholarly communications librarians experience impostor phenomenon more frequently and intensely than academic librarians more broadly”.
This talk will describe an Australasian research project building on the US study looking at scholarly communication knowledge and skills. Our study focusses on people who support institutional repository management, publishing services, research practice, copyright services, open access policies and scholarly communication landscape, data management services, and assessment & impact metrics. The findings will help identify future training and workforce development needs.
Embedding open in the research training processDanny Kingsley
Abstract: Some institutions offer graduate training that sits alongside the master/apprentice system. But many rely on models such as the Vitae Researcher Development Framework that do not encompass many (or any) open concepts. This means the training of researchers in many of these spaces falls to library staff. From the academic side, grassroots organisations such as AIMOS or ANZORN offer a community for the interested. There are multiple sets of competencies developed for scholarly communication librarians, but these are not represented in any university library course in Australia. So those teaching the research community are relying on gathered skills and working without a standardised set of agreed
learnings for their target community. The result is haphazard and highly reliant on the skills of individuals at specific institutions. We are in need of some robust frameworks and standards. What are the minimum skills and knowledge we would expect of a graduate researcher in Australia when it comes to open? We are not starting from scratch, there are many organisations in Australia that have done work on some aspects of open training or skills. It is time for this to be brought into a cohesive and agreed standard we can all work towards.
This was a lightning talk given online to AIMOS2020 (https://aimos.community/2020-program-schedule)
Let’s just get on with it – ‘open’ in Australia in 2019Danny Kingsley
This document summarizes Danny Kingsley's presentation on the current state of open access in Australia. It discusses how Australia contributes disproportionately to global research output relative to its population and economy. While Plan S has generated discussion in other countries, commentary related to Australia makes up a small percentage. The document reviews statements and policies from Australian funders and universities regarding open access, finding that few universities have clear policies. It argues that greater transparency, adoption of open research practices, and strengthening of policies by champions within academic communities can help advance open access in Australia.
This document summarizes a presentation given by Dr. Danny Kingsley on the changing role of academic libraries in an open access world. It discusses the current political climate which has reduced trust in science. Publishers are diversifying and integrating across the research lifecycle. Libraries may need to take on new roles like research partners and leaders in scholarly communication. Future library workforces will require skills in areas like data management, open access policies, and research assessment. Open research offers opportunities for libraries to support the integrity and reproducibility of science.
Impacts, consequences and outcomes of open policies in EuropeDanny Kingsley
The document discusses open policies in Europe and their impacts. It summarizes key points from a webinar on the topic, including cascading cancellations of publisher subscriptions, threats to the credibility of science from selective use of evidence, issues with overreliance on metrics, and policy confusion from many new initiatives. It notes fightbacks through reproducibility efforts but also risks like incentivizing risk-averse research. Overall it analyzes challenges to open science from various pressures and proposes moving beyond only counting publications in high-impact journals.
These are the slides and discussions from a workshop at UKSG2017.
ABSTRACT: This workshop will explore the skill sets for scholarly communication including questions about future requirements, the language we are using in this space and, beyond skills, what type of people are suited to different aspects of librarianship. Scholarly communication requires people who are able to be flexible in their approach, rather than ‘rule followers’, which may mean a fundamental shift in the library workforce into the future. Working collectively, the session will consider the implications for upskilling our ‘legacy’ workforce.
Note there are accompanying files. The collection of job descriptions is here: https://tinyurl.com/mcoxwab
The analysis is here: https://tinyurl.com/jw33sqw
This is a keynote presentation to "Open science, transparence et evaluation. Perspectives et enjeux pour les chercheurs.' Held at Urfist de Bordeaux, France, 4 April 2017
https://sygefor.reseau-urfist.fr/#!/training/6701/7159/?from=true
ABSTRACT: The way research is disseminated has changed immeasurably since the advent of the internet, yet we still reward researchers in the same way - for publication of novel results in high impact journals. This talk will start with a brief discussion of some of the big challenges the research sector is facing as a result and describe how Open Science can address these. The talk will then focus on the difficulty of introducing and implementing Open Science solutions. Open Science questions the status quo, and potentially threatens the established reputation of both institutions and individuals. It is not an easy concept to implement. While the discipline of Scholarly Communication takes a 'meta' view of the whole research ecosystem, most players in that system are working within a narrow view. It is very rare for individuals to be able to see beyond their own experience. Challenges for people trying to implement Open Science initiatives range from practical issues in implementing change, through to the people skills and negotiations required to convince individuals and institutions that this change is necessary.
Developing a research Library position statement on Text and Data Mining in t...Danny Kingsley
These are slides from a workshop held during the RLUK2017 Conference http://rlukconference.com/ presented by Dr Danny Kingsley, Dr Deborah Hansen and Anna Vernon.
The Abstract:
"The library community has been almost silent on the issue of text and data mining (T&DM) partly due to concerns about the risk of having institutions ‘cut off’ from subscriptions due to large downloads of research articles for the purpose of mining. This workshop is an intention to identify where the information rests about T&DM - including looking at the details as they appear in Jisc negotiated licenses - consider some case studies and develop together a set of principles that identify the position of research libraries in the on the issue of T&DM. "
This is a short run through the activities of the Office of Scholarly Communication at the University of Cambridge presented to the Cambridge University Press Library Board meeting on 28 November 2016.
Reward, reproducibility and recognition in research - the case for going OpenDanny Kingsley
The is a keynote presentation for the Eleventh Annual Munin Conference on Scholarly Publishing http://site.uit.no/muninconf/
21 November 2016
The advent of the internet has meant that scholarly communication has changed immeasurably over the past two decades but in some ways it has hardly changed at all. The coin in the realm of any research remains the publication of novel results in a high impact journal – despite known issues with the Journal Impact Factor. This elusive goal has led to many problems in the research process: from hyperauthorship to high levels of retractions, reproducibility problems and 'cherry picking' of results. The veracity of the academic record is increasingly being brought into question. An additional problem is this static reward systems binds us to the current publishing regime, preventing any real progress in terms of widespread open access or even adoption of novel publishing opportunities. But there is a possible solution. Increased calls to open research up and provide a greater level of transparency have started to yield practical real solutions. This talk will cover the problems we currently face and describe some of the innovations that might offer a way forward.
So, what's it all about then? Why we share research dataDanny Kingsley
This document summarizes a presentation about open research and data sharing. It discusses several drivers for data sharing, including funder requirements and cultural expectations among researchers. It also examines blockers to sharing such as concerns about data being stolen or reused without permission. The presentation argues that an overemphasis on high-impact publications and journal metrics is creating problems like hyperauthorship, reproducibility issues, and retractions. It advocates for increasing transparency through measures like preregistering trials, peer reviewing methodologies, and making data openly accessible. The goal is to overhaul how research is conducted, assessed and shared in a more open and collaborative manner.
Stop Press: Libraries' Role in the Future of PublishingDanny Kingsley
This was presented to the SLA2016 conference in Philadelphia on 12 June.
ABSTRACT: Libraries are moving from curators of bought content to providing access to research or industry outputs. This activity can range from the relatively informal process of dissemination through a repository to acting as publishers - through the hosting of research journals, bibliographies and newsletters to the provision of editorial services and advice. This 90 minute Master Class will look at different models of publishing in the library environment with several examples of publishing activity in different libraries. The session will start with a strategic overview of the need for libraries to actively engage in the dissemination of information created by their organisations. The discussion will cover the staffing implications including how to recruit and train for the required skills sets. Attendees will work through some of the issues that need to be considered if a library is interested in publishing, including some of the legal implications and the different software and technical platforms available. Ideas will be workshopped about ways to engage the institutional community and encourage uptake of services on offer. The class aims to provide practical information to allow attendees to make decisions about what services are achievable to offer their clients, both from a technical and a staffing perspective. Attendees who are currently publishing are actively encouraged to participate in the discussion.
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptxDenish Jangid
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
The chapter Lifelines of National Economy in Class 10 Geography focuses on the various modes of transportation and communication that play a vital role in the economic development of a country. These lifelines are crucial for the movement of goods, services, and people, thereby connecting different regions and promoting economic activities.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
This presentation was provided by Racquel Jemison, Ph.D., Christina MacLaughlin, Ph.D., and Paulomi Majumder. Ph.D., all of the American Chemical Society, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
This presentation was provided by Rebecca Benner, Ph.D., of the American Society of Anesthesiologists, for the second session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session Two: 'Expanding Pathways to Publishing Careers,' was held June 13, 2024.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 Inventory
It’s publishing but not as you know it: How Open is Changing Everything
1. It’s publishing but not as you know it:
How Open is Changing Everything
Dr Danny Kingsley
Associate Librarian (Content &
Digital Library Strategy)
OA Week 2021 talk
27 October 2021
2.
3. The plan
• The societal problem
• The academic sector problem
• The open solution
• Australia’s progress
• …. In less than 30 minutes!
4. Normative Structure of Science
Robert K Merton, “The Normative Structure of Science”, 1942 essay in The Sociology of Science
edited by Norman W Storer, published 1973 http://www.collier.sts.vt.edu/5424/pdfs/merton_1973.pdf
“Incipient and actual attacks upon the
integrity of science have led scientists to
recognize their dependence on particular
types of social structure. Manifestos and
pronouncements by associations of scientists
are devoted to the relations of science and
society. An institution under attack must re-
examine its foundations, restate its
objectives, seek out its rationale. Crisis
invites self-appraisal. Now that they have
been confronted with challenges to their way
of life, scientists have been jarred into a state
of acute self-consciousness: consciousness
of self as an integral element of society with
corresponding obligations and interests.”
9. We have to be above criticism
• “Incipient and actual attacks upon the integrity of science have
led scientists to recognize their dependence on particular types
of social structure. Manifestos and pronouncements by
associations of scientists are devoted to the relations of science
and society. An institution under attack must re-examine its
foundations, restate its objectives, seek out its rationale. Crisis
invites self-appraisal. Now that they have been confronted with
challenges to their way of life, scientists have been jarred into a
state of acute self-consciousness: consciousness of self as an
integral element of society with corresponding obligations and
interests.”
10. Visionary – and it still holds
• The four Mertonian norms of science (1942)
• universalism: scientific validity is independent of the
sociopolitical status/personal attributes of its participants
• communalism: all scientists should have common
ownership of scientific goods (intellectual property), to
promote collective collaboration; secrecy is the opposite of
this norm.
• disinterestedness: scientific institutions act for the benefit
of a common scientific enterprise, rather than for the
personal gain of individuals within them
• organized scepticism: scientific claims should be
exposed to critical scrutiny before being accepted: both in
methodology and institutional codes of conduct.
12. How did we get here?
Data gathering
Analysis
Writing
Publishing
Dissemination
Reuse
Assessment
The primary measure of success in academia is
publication of novel results in high impact journals
13. The incentive system is causing problems
Image: Flickr Jason Taellious reward – CC-BY-SA 2.0
17. Problem: Risk averse research
• Scientists we interview
routinely say that they dare
not propose bold projects for
funding in part because of
expectations that they will
produce a steady stream of
papers in journals with high
impact scores.
• Our analysis of 15 years'
worth of citation data
suggests that common
bibliometric measures
relying on short-term
windows undervalue risky
research
• Research today is driven by last year’s
publications.
• Scientists write to influence reviewers
and editors in the process. … They use
strategic citation practices.
• The greater the novelty of the work the
greater likelihood it is to have a negative
review … Scientists understand the
novelty bias so they downplay the new
elements to the old elements.
Reviewers are blinkered by bibliometrics :
Nature News & Comment. 26 April 2017
http://www.nature.com/news/reviewers-are-
blinkered-by-bibliometrics-1.21877
Professor James Evans,
2015 Researcher to Reader conference
https://unlockingresearch.blog.lib.cam.ac.uk/?p=539
18. Problem: Attrition crisis?
Hard work, little reward: Nature readers reveal working hours and research challenges,
Nature News, 4 November 2016, http://www.nature.com/news/hard-work-little-reward-
nature-readers-reveal-working-hours-and-research-challenges-1.20933
20. Ranking is more profitable than
publishing
https://www.ft.com/content/21da8a6b-d5e9-473a-86e0-056c489d55bf
21. What do rankings measure?
Specifically, publication
in Science or Nature
Nobel Prizes & Field Medals
(awarded to research
‘stars’)
Papers indexed in a system
focused on Nth America
journals & research
published in English
23. Or we could use sticks?
https://campusmorningmail.com.au/news/murdoch-us-great-expectations-for-researchers/
http://www.nteu.org.au/article/Academic-Career-Framework-Change-Management-NTEU-
Concerns-21645
Union response:
24. Problem: concentrated market
Vertical integration resulting from Elsevier’s acquisitions, from Alejandro Posada and George Chen, (2017) Rent
Seeking and Financialization strategies of the Academic Publishing Industry - Publishers are increasingly in
control of scholarly infrastructure and why we should care- A Case Study of Elsevier
http://knowledgegap.org/index.php/sub-projects/rent-seeking-and-financialization-of-the-academic-publishing-
industry/preliminary-findings/
https://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-
topic/industry-news/industry-
deals/article/87120-clarivate-purchase-of-
proquest-extended.html
25. Is the is outcome we are looking for?
https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/open-access-deals-shift-scholars-towards-bigpublishers
Since these deals, the
proportion of chemistry papers
from Germany-based authors
appearing in the publishers’
journals shot up by more than
5 percentage points to over
a third.
If this change left just two or
three mega-publishers
controlling the
market, said Professor
Haucap, these giants would
have “tremendous market
power to squeeze money out
of libraries and science
organisations” in future open
access deals
26. If these are (some of) the problems:
• Hyperauthorship
• Gaming peer review
• Poor science
• Risk adverse research
• Attrition of research talent pool
What is the solution?
• Focus on narrow successes
• Publishing in a limited market
• Obsession with rankings
• Reduced negotiation capacity
• Focus on ‘stars’ rather than
collaboration
27. The solution: Open Research
Data gathering
Analysis
Writing
Publishing
Dissemination
Reuse
Assessment
Data gathering
Analysis
Writing
Publishing
Dissemination
Reuse
Assessment
Distribute dissemination across the
research lifecycle and reward it
From this:
To this:
28. Open Access is only part of the Open
solution
https://www.mysciencework.com/omniscience/open-science-open-access-far-apart
30. Openness is different in different
disciplines
Comic by XKCD - https://xkcd.com/435/
31. This requires complex big thinking
This runs across
multiple areas of
the university
that might not
normally work
together.
https://t.co/PVwr33o3YX?amp=1
32. Research Culture is a big focus
https://royalsociety.org/topics-
policy/projects/research-culture/
https://wellcome.org/what-we-do/our-
work/research-culture
https://www.nwo.nl/en/position-paper-
room-everyones-talent
33. Six years ago, the UK was only
starting
• “We can’t tell our researchers what to do”
• “On what $%^&ing legal basis are they telling me I have to
share my data?”
• “Are you saying we have to back-up our laptops?”
• “But XX university is unique, it’s not like other universities”
• “This is $%^&ing bull$*#@!”
34. And look at it now
https://osc.cam.ac.uk/open-research/open-
research-position-statement
http://www.exeter.ac.uk/research/openresearch/about/explai
ned/
https://www.reading.ac.uk/research/re
search-environment/open-
research.aspx
https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/
37. But ’open’ is increasingly on the
Australian agenda
https://campusmorningmail.com.au/news/chief-
scientist-gets-the-nod-on-open-access/
https://www.fair-access.net.au/fair-statement
https://www.science.org.au/supporting-
science/science-policy-and-
analysis/reports-and-
publications/advancing-data-intensive-
research-australia
38. ARC hit international news – for the
wrong reasons
https://campusmorningmail.com.au
/news/arcs-preprint-misstep-over-
decra-grant-applications/
https://www.theguardian.com/educ
ation/2021/aug/20/devastating-
career-event-scientists-caught-out-
by-change-to-australian-research-
council-fine-print
https://www.nature.com/articl
es/d41586-021-02318-8
https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/a
ustralian-research-councils-ban-on-
preprints-in-grants-prompts-
outcry/4014271.article
https://www.timeshighereducation.com/news/heartbreak-
research-careers-ruined-australian-rule-tweak
39. But mistakes help open discussions
20 August
https://twitter.com/MissEmilieLib/
status/1428521731962990595
23 August
https://campusmorningmail.com.au/ne
ws/arcs-preprint-misstep-over-decra-
grant-applications/
CMM article quoted this
Tweet: 25 October https://www.natureindex.com/news-
blog/blurred-line-responsibility-between-research-
offices-libraries
Combination leads
to this article:
41. Assessment conversations are starting here
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_
id=3772437
https://oaaustralasia.org/events/oa-week-2021/
43. Further reading & information
Keynote - "Is the tail wagging the dog? Perversity in academic rewards” COASP 2017, 9th
Conference on Open Access Scholarly Publishing held in Lisbon, Portugal on 20-21 September 2017
• Slides - https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/267263
• Video - http://coaspvideos.org/2016/videos/play/1401
https://unlockingresearch-blog.lib.cam.ac.uk/?p=713
Worse in some areas than others
Replication crisis in psychology and biomedical science
Sociology, economics, climate science also vulnerable [according to Smaldino]
Poor research design and data analysis encourage false-positive findings. Such poor methods persist despite perennial calls for improvement, suggesting that they result from something more than just misunderstanding. The persistence of poor methods results partly from incentives that favour them, leading to the natural selection of bad science. This dynamic requires no conscious strategizing—no deliberate cheating nor loafing— by scientists, only that publication is a principal factor for career advancement. Some normative methods of analysis have almost certainly been selected to further publication instead of discovery. In order to improve the culture of science, a shift must be made away from correcting misunderstandings and towards rewarding understanding. We support this argument with empirical evidence and computational modelling. We first present a 60-year meta-analysis of statistical power in the behavioural sciences and show that power has not improved despite repeated demonstrations of the necessity of increasing power. To demonstrate the logical consequences of structural incentives, we then present a dynamic model of scientific communities in which competing laboratories investigate novel or previously published hypotheses using culturally transmitted research methods. As in the real world, successful labs produce more ‘progeny,’ such that their methods are more often copied and their students are more likely to start labs of their own. Selection for high output leads to poorer methods and increasingly high false discovery rates. We additionally show that replication slows but does not stop the process of methodological deterioration. Improving the quality of research requires change at the institutional level.
When researchers were asked how the challenges in research have influenced their careers, 65% said they had considered quitting research, and 15% that they had actually quit. Around one-third felt that they had been judged solely on the number of papers they had published, and another one-third said that they had published a paper they were not proud of. And 16% said they had cut corners in research. (Readers could choose more than one answer.)
When asked to choose the biggest challenge facing early-career scientists, 44% of some 12,000 respondents overwhelmingly picked ‘the fight for funding’. This result aligns closely with the answers of the 3,000-plus people who responded to Nature’s 2016 salary survey, just under half of whom ranked ‘competition for funding’ as the biggest challenge to their career progression.
The next biggest challenges identified in the reader poll, ‘lack of work–life balance’ and ‘progression judged too heavily on publication record’ received just under one-fifth of the total vote each.
Slide from Danny’s talk
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1g9eD8uANMAMTDDy0zhlytiL7MKxbYrZ6QwUBOg2Yzr8/edit?usp=sharing
Video of the presentation https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1NY_FZ44VvtYU2rYuRhPPeSHSfhpGlZ4k
The bit on rankings starts at 4.35 - 12.35 Then it goes on to "be careful what you wish for" which might be the situation we are in, in relation to the Chief Scientist at the moment.