Natureal Events are Translated to Disaster bu Human intervention during Development by crossing the Carrying capacity of earth

1. “ Is Disaster Man Made?”
Are we ready for Urban Disaster
Management?
–A case study in Kolkata
Tapas Kumar Ghatak , Geophysicist

2. • Understanding the process of mapping with
reference to types and categories of Disaster.
• Understanding the Preparation and
evaluation of Vulnerability and Risk maps of
Disaster Prone areas. Few case Studies
• Knowledge of primary and secondary data
/information base and Exposure to Soft Ware
application.

3. • “Although the incidence of major natural
disasters has not increased, their effects are
becoming more severe in the Third World
because of the growing numbers of people
and structures located in hazard-prone
areas. Millions of people in these expanding
urban populations are potential victims of
disasters of cataclysmic proportions, and
even the political and economic stability of
many nations in Africa, Asia and Latin
America can be threatened.”
Spencer W Havlick

4. News keep on Flowing.........
• UN report: 22 M people displaced by natural
disasters in 2013
• In Uttarkashi, life’s still not back on track
• AMRI hospital fire in Kolkata: Two Kerala nurses
save 8 patients but die in trying to rescue 9th
• Fire erupts at Chatterjee International Centre in
Kolkata.
• Kolkata remained waterlogged following heavy
rainfall since Thursday night in the city and other
southern West Bengal districts.
• And So many.......................

5. Kolkata
Philippines

6. And We Wait for the Next news...

7. How Much We actually know
about my City
And
How Much we actually Bother to
know

8. TYPES AND CATEGORIES
OF DISASTER
AND
THE PROCESS OF
MAPPING

11. FLOOD PRONE AREAS.... INDIA

12. CYCLONE PRONE AREAS.....INDIA

13. HOT-POT ... INDIAN DISASTER

15. Acknowledgement
• Geological Survey of India.
• KMDA
• NATMO
• SWID
• KMC
• Dept of Fire, Govt of WB
• UNICEF
• WORLD BANK

17. 1792

18. 1817

19. 1852

20. Early 20th Century

21. We were and We are
proud what we had

23. Urban Area
Rural Area
Vacant Area
Vegetation
Agricultural
Field
Predominat
Wetlands (East
Kolkata)

24. Land Use Pattern Analysis (KMA)
Year 1980 – 86 ( 1527 sq.km.) Year 2005 (1722 sq.km.)
Urban Area Rural Area Wetlands Vegetation Agricultural Field Vacant Land
Year 2014 (1900 sq.km.)

26. Maximum Decline

28. Kalyani
Banshberia
Uluberia
Howrah
Barasat
Barrackpore
Kolkata
Baruipur

33. Piezometric Depression: KMC area
7m - 10m
Figure 12

34. HIGHEST RISK AREA
HIGH RISK AREA
MODERATE RISK AREA
Kmc Ward Wise Risk Areas

38. Name of Catchment Basin
Area of Catchment new
(Sq. Km)
Total Population
(As per census 2001)
Howrah Drainage Channel 118 1626615
Rajapur Drainage Channel 68.21 327241
Borajala Drainage Channel 55.8 216646
•Dankuni Drainage Channel 210 1239548
Bagher Khal 92.48 401,952
Nawi Khal 114 2304613
Beliaghata Khal and Bangur Cut 220 4223266
•Kaorapukur Khal Charial Khal and Boat
Canal
176 2,046,894
•Tolly's Nala 16 583847
•Panchammgram Cannel 46.13 926281
Details of Drainage Basin of Kolkata Metropolitan
Area

39. LAND FORM MAP OF
KOLKATA METROPOLITAN AREA

Dankuni Drainage channel
Panchannagram Drainage Channel
Tally Nala
Kaorapukur, Charial Khal and Boat Canal

41. Shrinkage of Drainage basins
Type/Year Habitat
Land
Wet land Agriculture
Land
1922 30% 17% 53%
2004 70% 10% 12%
Increase in habitat Land more than 100% since 1947

48. A SPECIFIC CASE STUDY OF
DISASTER IN MY CITY :

50. INITIAL AGENDA
•SYNTHESIS OF INFORMATION RELATED TO
FIRE
•PUT THEM INTO A COMUPERISED FORMAT
•ATTACHED THEM IN A COMPUTERSID
DIGITISED MAP OF KMC THROUGH A GIS
FORMAT.
• ZONING OF FIRE PRONE AREAS.
•IDENTIFICATION OF SHORTEST ROUTE FROM
THE FIRE STATION TO THE FIRE PRONE ZONE.
• ON LINE TRAINING OF FIRE SERVICE
PERSONNAL

51. STEPS TAKEN
• FORMATION OF A WORKING GROUP FROM
THE RELEVANT AGENCIES.
• COLLECTION OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY
DATA.
• EXECUTION OF THE PROJECT
• DEMONSTRATION TO MINISTERS AND
SENIOR OFFICIALS
• MODIFICATION OF THE SYSTEM AS AND
WHEN REQUIRED

52. FUTURE AGENDA
• TRAINING AND EXPOSURE OF MORE PERSONNEL
FROM FIRE SERVICE.
• INCORPORATION OF LOGICAL ANALYSIS IN THE
SYSTEM FOR ROUTE OPTIMIZATION
• INTRODUCTION OF GPS IN THE FIRE VEHICLE .
• INCORPORATION OF MORE INFORMATION IN THE
SYSTEM.
• HANDING OVER THE SYSTEM TO THE FIRE SERVICE
DEPARTMENT

53. GIS WORK AT
THE CENTRAL
BUSINESS
DISTRICT ZONE
OF KMC

55. KMC
24 WARDS OF KMC UNDER
CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT
ZONE
KALI KRISHNA TAGORE STREET
NORTH
BOUNDARY OF CENTRAL BUSINESS
DISTRICT ZONE OF KMC AREA

56. GIS WORK OF THE
KMC WARDS

57. DATA FIELD USED INCOMPUTERISATION
ROAD
FIRE STATION
MARKET
BIG FIRE
HIGH RISE BUILDING
HYDRANT
BIG DIA TUBEWELL
PUBLIC/CINEMA HALL
BUSTEE
WATER BODIES
INFLAMABLE UNIT
HERITAGE BUILDINGS
TRANSFORMER

58. 0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
TOTAL NO. OF ROADS
BELOW 2M
2M TO 4M
4M TO 6M
6M TO 8M
8M TO 12M
MORE THAN
12M
BAR SHOWING NO. OF ROADS WITH DIFFERENT WIDTH IN
CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT ZONE OF KMC AREA

59. 0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
TOTAL NO. OF ROADS
BELOW 2M
2M TO 4M
4M TO 6M
6M TO 8M
8M TO 12M
MORE THAN
12M
BAR SHOWING NO. OF ROADS WITH DIFFERENT WIDTH IN
KOLKATA MUNICIPAL AREA

60. CONSIDERED FIELDS FOR ROAD DATABASE
• STREET NAME
• CARRIAGE WAY WIDTH
• LEFT PARKING
• RIGHT PARKING
• NET CARRIAGE WAY WIDTH
• ROAD TYPE
• LEFT FOOTPATH
• RIGHT FOOTPATH
• WARD NO.

61. CONSIDERED FIELDS FOR BIG DIA TUBEWELLS
DATABASE
• SIZE OF DIAMETER (in mm.)
• NAME OF THE LOCATION
• OWNED BY
• PREMISES No.
• ROAD NAME
• WARD NO.

62. • PREMISES No.
• NAME OF THE BUILDING
• ROAD NAME
• WARD NO.
• HEIGHT (in Meter)
• AREA (Sq.m.)
• BOROUGH No.
• USER GROUP
CONSIDERED FIELDS FOR HIGH RISE BUILDINGS
DATABASE
• NAME OF THE FIRE
STATION
• PREMISES No.
• ADDRESS
• WARD NO.
• PUMP
• MORNING FACILITIES
CONSIDERED FIELDS FOR FIRE SERVICE STATIONS
DATABASE

63. CONSIDERED FIELDS FOR MARKET COMPLEX DATABASE
• PREMISES No.
• ROAD NAME
• WARD NO.
• ADDRESS
• OWNED BY
CONSIDERED FIELDS FOR PUBLIC/CINEMA HALL
DATABASE
• NAME OF THE HALL
• PREMISES No.
• ADDRESS
• OWNED BY
• HALL TYPE
• PHONE NO.

64. CONSIDERED FIELDS FOR UNDER GROUND WATER
DATABASE
• ADDRESS
• CAPACITY IN GALLONS
• SOURCE TYPE
• FILTERED WATER
• CONDITION
CONSIDERED FIELDS FOR DATABASE OF
WATER BODIES IN CMC
• PREMISES NO.
• STREET NAME
• LOCATION
• WARD NO.

65. CONSIDERED FIELDS FOR BIG FIRE DATABASE
ADDRESS
• PREMISES No.
• WARD No.
• DATE
• TIME
TOTAL APPLIANCE FOAM CO2 TENDER
MOTOR PUMP FOAM CANNON
WATER BOWSER FOAM CANNON CARRIER
WATER CARRIER EMERGENCY TENDER
JEEP MOTOR PUMP TOWING VEHICLE
TRAILER PUMP UTILITY VEHICLE
TURN TABLE LADDER HOSE LAYING UNIT
CRASH TENDER
HYDRAULIC PLATFORM
PORTABLE PUMP
AIR FIELD CRASH TENDER
FOAM TENDER
CONSIDERED FIELDS FOR DATABASE OF BUSTEE
PREMISES NO.
STREET NAME
LOCATION
PREMISES STATUS
BOROUGH NO.
WARD NO.

66. CONSIDERED FIELDS FOR HERITAGE BUILDING
NAME
• PREMISES No.
• ROAD NAME
• WARD No.
• LOCATION
CONSIDERED FIELDS FOR IMPORTANT PLACE
NAME
• PREMISES No.
• ROAD NAME
• WARD No.
• PREMISES STATUS
CONSIDERED FIELDS FOR INFLAMABLE UNITS
NAME
• PREMISES No.
• ROAD NAME
• WARD No.
• NIC CODE
• ITEM DESCRIPTION
• STORAGE QUANTITY
• UNITS
THANTHANIA
KALIBARI

67. DETECTION OF
VULNERABLE WARDS OF
KMC WITH GIS

68. HYDRANT
BIG FIRE
FIRE SERVICE STATION
LALBAZAR
F.S
VAILABLE
ARRIAGE WIDTH
ESS THAN
QUALS TO 4 Mtr.
STRAND BANK ROAD

69. ROADS LESS THAN EQUALS
TO 4Mtr. IN THE WARD No. 22
& 23 IN THE CBD ZONE OF
KMC

70. HYDRANTS BIG FIRE
NET CARRIAGE WAY
LESS THAN EQUALS
TO 4 Mtr.
DEFUNC
HYDRANTS
NET CARRIAGE
WAY LESS THAN
EQUALS TO 4 Mtr.
NET CARRIAGE WAY
MORE THAN EQUALS
TO 5 Mtr.

71. We have identified
• The Risk Proneness of the area in relation to
fire and graded them accordingly.
• The shortest route for the fire service to reach
the respective risk zone
• The fire fighting factors of the respective zone

72. What Next?
The need of the future could be
• To Train up a group of Fire service officials in
handling and operation of the generated system
• Put the system in use for their daily use.
• Enable the department to support the system by
themselves and
• Generate confidence to tackle the situation more
effectively as the required information will be
available with them readily.

73. The Similar analysis has been done in
other sectors too, but
The Question Remains :
“Are we ready
for Urban Disaster Management ?
If not How long should we wait ?”

74. My Contact
• Cell No 9830251685
• E-mail ID tk.ghatak@gmail.com
Lets go together in Future