The document discusses electrocoagulation treatment of electroplating industrial effluent. Electrocoagulation uses aluminum electrodes connected to a power source, generating aluminum ions and hydroxide ions that remove pollutants from the effluent. The study treated electroplating effluent with high levels of zinc and nickel. Treatment at 4A/m2 current density for 120 minutes reduced zinc levels by 78.9%, but did not significantly reduce nickel levels due to the effluent's low initial pH of 1.7. Increasing pH improved removal of both metals during electrocoagulation treatment.
TREATING WASTE WATER USING ELECTROCOAGULATION APPROACHIAEME Publication
Performance of Electro coagulation method is evaluated by treating various
sources of water. The electrodes of stainless steel are used for arranging electrolytic
cell. The treatment efficiency is assessed by varying electrical potential and
concentration time. The parameters namely pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total
Hardness, Electrical Conductivity, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) were tested and results were compared to assess
the performance of treatment process. Effects of operating parameters such as
varying electrical potential (3V-12V) and concentration time (10 minutes- 30 minutes)
were evaluated for optimum operating conditions. The result shown that identified
electrolytic arrangement is significantly efficient for treating BOD and COD when
compared to other water quality parameters especially for grey and industrial water
samples. The highest removal efficiency under optimum operating condition for COD
and BOD removal were obtained with 58% and 67% in grey water sample whereas in
industrial waste water sample, the efficiencies are 53% and 57%. Further, the study
suggested the various simulations in the operating parameters with the economic
considerations to optimize the findings and for upcoming progress in the application
of this advanced technology.
IrO2 as an anodic electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in solid polymer electrolyte (SPE)
electrolysers was synthesised by adapting the Adams fusion method. Optimisation of the IrO2 electrocatalyst was achieved
by varying the synthesis duration (0.5 – 4 hours) and temperature (250 - 500°C). The physical properties of the
electrocatalysts were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and
x-ray diffraction (XRD). Electrochemical characterisation of the electrocatalysts toward the OER was evaluated by
chronoamperometry (CA). CA analysis revealed the best electrocatalytic activity towards the OER for IrO2 synthesised
for 2 hours at 350oC which displayed a better electrocatalytic activity than the commercial IrO2 electrocatalyst used in this
study. XRD and TEM analyses revealed an increase in crystallinity and average particle size with increasing synthesis
duration and temperature which accounted for the decreasing electrocatalytic activity. At 250°C the formation of an active
IrO2 electrocatalyst was not favoured.
Electro coagulation EC Electrocoagulation for Waste Water Treatment (WWTP)crenviro
Electrocoagulation (EC), also known as short wave electrolysis, is a technique used for water treatment, wastewater treatment, industrial process water, and hospital wastewater.
Electricity-based electrocoagulation technology is used to remove contaminants that are less efficient at filtering, microbiology or processing system with chemicals, such as oil emulsion, hydrocarbons from petroleum, suspended solids, and heavy metals without the use of chemicals.
TREATING WASTE WATER USING ELECTROCOAGULATION APPROACHIAEME Publication
Performance of Electro coagulation method is evaluated by treating various
sources of water. The electrodes of stainless steel are used for arranging electrolytic
cell. The treatment efficiency is assessed by varying electrical potential and
concentration time. The parameters namely pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total
Hardness, Electrical Conductivity, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) were tested and results were compared to assess
the performance of treatment process. Effects of operating parameters such as
varying electrical potential (3V-12V) and concentration time (10 minutes- 30 minutes)
were evaluated for optimum operating conditions. The result shown that identified
electrolytic arrangement is significantly efficient for treating BOD and COD when
compared to other water quality parameters especially for grey and industrial water
samples. The highest removal efficiency under optimum operating condition for COD
and BOD removal were obtained with 58% and 67% in grey water sample whereas in
industrial waste water sample, the efficiencies are 53% and 57%. Further, the study
suggested the various simulations in the operating parameters with the economic
considerations to optimize the findings and for upcoming progress in the application
of this advanced technology.
IrO2 as an anodic electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in solid polymer electrolyte (SPE)
electrolysers was synthesised by adapting the Adams fusion method. Optimisation of the IrO2 electrocatalyst was achieved
by varying the synthesis duration (0.5 – 4 hours) and temperature (250 - 500°C). The physical properties of the
electrocatalysts were characterised by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and
x-ray diffraction (XRD). Electrochemical characterisation of the electrocatalysts toward the OER was evaluated by
chronoamperometry (CA). CA analysis revealed the best electrocatalytic activity towards the OER for IrO2 synthesised
for 2 hours at 350oC which displayed a better electrocatalytic activity than the commercial IrO2 electrocatalyst used in this
study. XRD and TEM analyses revealed an increase in crystallinity and average particle size with increasing synthesis
duration and temperature which accounted for the decreasing electrocatalytic activity. At 250°C the formation of an active
IrO2 electrocatalyst was not favoured.
Electro coagulation EC Electrocoagulation for Waste Water Treatment (WWTP)crenviro
Electrocoagulation (EC), also known as short wave electrolysis, is a technique used for water treatment, wastewater treatment, industrial process water, and hospital wastewater.
Electricity-based electrocoagulation technology is used to remove contaminants that are less efficient at filtering, microbiology or processing system with chemicals, such as oil emulsion, hydrocarbons from petroleum, suspended solids, and heavy metals without the use of chemicals.
Electro-oxidation And Its Feasibility In Wastewater TreatmentSakib Shahriar
Electro-oxidation (EO) is one of the advanced oxidation processes (AOP) used in wastewater treatment. It is also called anodic oxidation. In this presentation, we can learn about the working principle, industrial applications, types of electrodes, and catalysts in the EO process. The advantages and disadvantages are described later. The main advantages of electro-oxidation are the formation of low sludge and large percentages of organic matter degradation. But the main drawbacks occur due to the requirement of large space and expense. EO is used in many types of wastewater treatment. Degradation of methyl orange azo dye in a recirculation flow plant system, treatment of wastewater containing aromatic amines, endocrine disruptors treatment, domestic water, industrial wastewater, synthetic dye effluent, olive mill wastewater, pulp mill wastewater, citric acid wastewater.
Electrochemical study of anatase TiO2 in aqueous sodium-ion electrolytesRatnakaram Venkata Nadh
In this paper, a basic electro-analytical study on the behavior of anatase TiO2 in aqueous NaOH has been presented using cyclic voltammetry technique (CV). The study has explored the possibility of using TiO2 as anode material for ARSBs in presence of 5 M NaOH aqueous electrolyte. CV profiles show that anatase TiO2 exhibits reversible sodium ion insertion/de-insertion reactions. CV studies of TiO2 anode in aqueous sodium electrolytes at different scan rate shows that the Na+ ion insertion reaction at the electrode is diffusion controlled with a resistive behavior. Proton insertion from aqueous sodium electrolytes into TiO2 cannot be ruled out. To confirm the ion inserted and de-inserted, CV studies are done at different concentration of NaOH and it is found that at lower concentrations of NaOH, proton insertion process competes with Na+ ion insertion process and as the concentration increases, the Na+ ion insertion process becomes the predominant electrode reaction making it suitable anode materials for aqueous sodium batteries in 5 M NaOH.
Electro-oxidation And Its Feasibility In Wastewater TreatmentSakib Shahriar
Electro-oxidation (EO) is one of the advanced oxidation processes (AOP) used in wastewater treatment. It is also called anodic oxidation. In this presentation, we can learn about the working principle, industrial applications, types of electrodes, and catalysts in the EO process. The advantages and disadvantages are described later. The main advantages of electro-oxidation are the formation of low sludge and large percentages of organic matter degradation. But the main drawbacks occur due to the requirement of large space and expense. EO is used in many types of wastewater treatment. Degradation of methyl orange azo dye in a recirculation flow plant system, treatment of wastewater containing aromatic amines, endocrine disruptors treatment, domestic water, industrial wastewater, synthetic dye effluent, olive mill wastewater, pulp mill wastewater, citric acid wastewater.
Electrochemical study of anatase TiO2 in aqueous sodium-ion electrolytesRatnakaram Venkata Nadh
In this paper, a basic electro-analytical study on the behavior of anatase TiO2 in aqueous NaOH has been presented using cyclic voltammetry technique (CV). The study has explored the possibility of using TiO2 as anode material for ARSBs in presence of 5 M NaOH aqueous electrolyte. CV profiles show that anatase TiO2 exhibits reversible sodium ion insertion/de-insertion reactions. CV studies of TiO2 anode in aqueous sodium electrolytes at different scan rate shows that the Na+ ion insertion reaction at the electrode is diffusion controlled with a resistive behavior. Proton insertion from aqueous sodium electrolytes into TiO2 cannot be ruled out. To confirm the ion inserted and de-inserted, CV studies are done at different concentration of NaOH and it is found that at lower concentrations of NaOH, proton insertion process competes with Na+ ion insertion process and as the concentration increases, the Na+ ion insertion process becomes the predominant electrode reaction making it suitable anode materials for aqueous sodium batteries in 5 M NaOH.
Removal of turbidity using electrocoagulationeSAT Journals
Abstract Electrocoagulation (EC) is a technique involving the electrolytic addition of coagulating metal ions directly from electrodes, this electrode also known as sacrificial electrode. These ions work as a coagulating agent in the water, similar manner to the addition of chemicals such as alum and ferric chloride. Electrode allows the easier removal of the turbidity. In this study experimental investigation is carried out to removal of turbidity using electrocoagulation method with the help of aluminum electrodes in a batch reactor. Several working parameters, such as pH, current density, and operating time were varied to achieve a higher removal efficiency of turbidity. Two type of water sample were used1) synthetic turbid water and 2) back wash water synthetic water was made from crushed sand with initial turbidity of 200 NTU whereas back wash water was collected from Nigadi water treatment plant . Current intensity was varied from 2 to 6 A. and detention time between 5 to 20 minutes with pH range from pH 3 to pH 11. The removal efficiencies for synthetic turbidity were found about 91% at 6A for 20 minutes at neutral pH, whereas removal efficiencies for backwash water were found about 89% at 6A for 20 minutes at neutral pH. The results of the study indicated that the turbidity can be removed effectively by EC process using Al electrodes. Keywords: Electrocoagulation, sacrificial electrode, Turbidity, Water Treatment
Hydrogen Gas Production from Tannery Wastewater by Electrocoagulation of a Co...IOSRJAC
The performance of a continuous electrocoagulation (EC) process was investigated for tannery wastewater treatment using aluminum and iron electrodes. The effects of the operating parameters, such as current density, pH of solution and inlet flow rate, on pollutants removal efficiency and recovery of hydrogen gas were investigated in order to optimize process performance. In the case of aluminum electrodes, The results showed that for tannery wastewater with an influent pH adjusted at about 6, the use of a current density of 14 mA/cm2 , and an EC time of 125 min, gave access to pollutants (COD, Color, Cr, and NH3-N) removal efficiency 73, 94, 100 and 51%, respectively. The energy yield of harvested hydrogen was 16% of the electrical energy demand of the electrocoagulation process. However, in the case of iron electrodes, with effluent pH adjusted at about 7, , the use of a current density of 14 mA/cm2 , and an EC time of 125 min, gave access to pollutants (COD, Color, Cr, and NH3-N) removal efficiency 67, 93, 100 and 46 %, respectively. And also, the energy yield of harvested hydrogen was 15 % of the electrical energy demand of the electrocoagulation process. Thus, the operating costs for two cases were found to be 0.675 $/m3 wastewater. It could be seen that hydrogen gas production coupled with pollutants removal efficiency by EC continuous mode would be an effective approach for energy recovery and wastewater reutilization.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.