This document discusses primary and secondary trauma. Primary trauma refers to direct exposure to an overwhelming event that threatens one's life or safety. Secondary trauma refers to indirect exposure through close contact with trauma victims, such as for healthcare workers and family members. Secondary trauma can lead to stress reactions, fatigue, depression, social withdrawal, and impaired relationships and decision-making due to repeated exposure to others' traumatic experiences. Treatment for both primary and secondary trauma aims to restore safety and control, reduce fear and anxiety, and help integrate the traumatic memories.