Presented by Sheryl Hermoso at the inaugural Lao ICT Expo 2016 held in Vientiane, Lao PDR from 14 to 18 December 2016.

1. 1
IPv6 Deployment:
Opportunities and Challenges
Lao Expo 2016
14 Dec 2016
Sheryl (Shane) Hermoso

2. Outline
• Global and regional IPv6 adoption
• IPv6 deployment in Laos
• IPv6 trends, challenges and opportunities
• IPv6 deployment use cases
• Training and capacity-building efforts

3. So what is IPv6?
• Two different Internets
• NOT interoperable
• There’s a need to upgrade/migrate/transition to IPv6
IPv6 is the new protocol standard that solves the IPv4
address limitation

4. IPv4 vs IPv6
IPv4 = 232 or 4.3B
IPv4 and IPv6 are represented differently
IPv6: 2128 or 3.4x1038
IPv4 = 192.168.1.100 IPv6 = 2001:DB8::ABCD
There are more IPv6 addresses than IPv4

5. IPv6 Adoption Status by Google
Native IPv6 adoption:
12.24%
https://www.google.com/intl/en/ipv6/statistics.html
IPv6 is already being
deployed
around the world

6. IPv6 Deployment Worldwide
IPv6 Preferred: 8.48
IPv6 Capable: 6.98
(as at 10 Dec 2016)
~40% increase
since start of
2016
http://stats.labs.apnic.net/ipv6/XA

7. IPv6 Deployment in the Region

8. IPv6 Deployment in the Region
IPv6 Preferred: 2.65
IPv6 Capable: 2.48
(as at 10 Dec 2016)
Average in the
sub-region is
lower than
worldwide
adoption
http://stats.labs.apnic.net/ipv6/XU?o=cXDw1x1r1

9. IPv6 Capability (South East Asia)
0
5
10
15
20
25
%IPv6Capable BN
KH
ID
LA
MY
MM
PH
SG
TH
TL
VN

10. IPv6 Deployment in the Region
http://stats.labs.apnic.net/ipv6/XU?o=cXDw1x1r1

11. IPv6 Deployment in Malaysia
IPv6 Preferred: 14.8
IPv6 Capable: 13.44
(as at 10 Dec 2016)
Highest in the
Southeast
Asia sub-
region

12. IPv6 Deployment in Vietnam
Huge
increase only
within the
year 2016 IPv6 Preferred: 14.8
IPv6 Capable: 13.44
(as at 10 Dec 2016)

13. All About Laos
6,970,272 people
996,748 users
14% penetration
19 ASes
$12.33B GDP
IPv4 12 in BGP
71,168 addresses
0.01 per head
94% visible
IPv6 2 in BGP
30,064 M addresses
4,313 per head
0% visible
0% capability

14. Have you adopted IPv6?
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
2010 2012 2014 2016
Number of IPv6 Delegations
9 IPv6
delegations
for LA

15. IPv6 Deployment in Laos
http://stats.labs.apnic.net/ipv6/LA

16. How to Deploy IPv6?
IPv6-only IPv4 and IPv6 Translation
Access to IPv6 only; IPv4
network is unreachable
Provides access to both
IPv4 and IPv6 networks
IPv6 internal, use
translation mechanism to
access IPv4 (or vice
versa)
Typical deployments are
for research purposes
Typically implemented in
ISP backbone
Mobile networks run
IPv6, use SP-NAT to
access IPv4
Native IPv6 Dual-stack NAT64, 464XLAT, and so
forth

17. IPv4 Only Network
IPv4
Internet
IPv4 host
IPv4+IPv6 host
Subscriber Network IPv4-only SP Network Internet
IPv4
Customer
Router
IPv6 host
IPv6
Internet
IPv6
Network grows as long as IPv4 addresses are available

18. Dual-Stack Network
IPv4
Internet
IPv4 host
IPv4+IPv6 host
Subscriber Network Dual-Stack SP Network Internet
IPv4
Customer
Router
IPv6 host
IPv6
Internet
IPv6
IPv6 available to customers
Network grows as long as IPv4 is available

19. Dual-Stack with SP NAT
IPv4
Internet
IPv4 host
IPv4+IPv6 host
Subscriber Network Dual-Stack SP Network using
RFC1918 addresses
Internet
IPv4
Customer
Router
IPv6 host
IPv6
Internet
IPv6
SP NAT
Sharing IPv4 address(es)
IPv6 available all the way to customer
SP NAT translates IPv6 traffic to access IPv4

20. IPv6 Only Network
IPv6
Internet
IPv6 host
IPv4+IPv6 host
Subscriber Network IPv4-only SP Network Internet
IPv4
Customer
Router
IPv4 host
IPv4
Internet
IPv6

21. Challenges to IPv6
• Extra technology cost
– Equipment purchases and upgrades with IPv6 support
• Content availability
• IPv6 performance and security concerns

22. IPv6 Performance
• Enough data accumulated to analyze IPv6 performance
• APNIC R&D; Geoff Huston’s recent study
– Presented @ APRICOT 2016 (Feb, 2016)
Is IPv6 as “robust” as IPv4?
Measurements: do all TCP connection attempts succeed?
Connection failure = Un-matching incoming SYN and
ACK
IPv4 connection failure sits at 0.2%
IPv6 connection failure sits at 1.8%
Came down largely since 2012 (around 5%)
Still some space to improve
http://www.potaroo.net/presentations/2016-02-10-ad-measurement.pdf

23. Is IPv6 as “fast” as IPv4? (use of IPv6 unicast)
Chronological comparison of RTT since 2012
RTT measurements from the SYN-ACK exchange
IPv6 as fast as IPv4
IPv6 is faster about half of the time
IPv6 Performance
http://www.potaroo.net/presentations/2016-02-10-ad-measurement.pdf
• Enough data accumulated to analyze IPv6 performance
• APNIC R&D, Geoff Huston’s recent study
– Presented @ APRICOT 2016 (Feb, 2016)

24. Mobility in Today’s Internet
- Geoff Huston
Mobiles are now
48% of all visible devices
https://labs.apnic.net/presentations/store/2015-11-20-mobiles.pdf
Tablet
Console
Mobile access services
represent
75% of all Access Provider
revenue

25. IPv6 in Mobile Networks
• Mobile devices and IPv6
– Android supports 464XLAT transition technology
– Apple iOS 9 supports IPv6 only network services (Aug 2015)
• All apps submitted to the App Store must support IPv6 starting in early 2016
• Alcatel Lucent
‘Introducing IPv6 into mobile network reduces the CG-NAT bandwidth
required by the mobile operator resulting in reduced CAPEX'
– Whitepaper published in April 2015
• 464XLAT in mobile networks: IPv6 migration strategies for mobile networks
https://developer.apple.com/news/?id=08282015a
https://www.apnic.net/community/ipv6-program/IPv6_Migration_Strategies_for_Mobile_Networks_Whitepaper.pdf

26. IPv6 in Mobile Networks
• Verizon Wireless (USA)
– Deployed dual stack transition technology in
2011
• T-Mobile USA (USA)
– Deployed IPv6 transition technology
(464XLAT) in Oct 2012
• Telstra Australia (Australia)
– Testing IPv6 transition technology (464XLAT)
since 2011
• Final stage of testing 464XLAT
• Started in Aug/Sept 2016
• SK Telecom (Korea)
– Deployed IPv6 transition technology
(464XLAT) in July 2014
– Why did SKT adopt IPv6 in their mobile
networks?
• CAPEX for Network Address Translator (NAT)
equipment
• Difficult to operate duplicated networks
• Korean government’s encouragement
• FPT (Vietnam)
– Began IPv6 trial for 200,000 customers in
2012
– Started transition in 2016 with aim of
providing IPv6 to 500,000 by year-end
– Complete roll-out of IPv6 connectivity to all
customers planned for 2017

27. T-Mobile USA
http://www.worldipv6launch.org/apps/ipv6week/measurement/images/graphs/T-MobileUSA.png
48.99% (May 2016)
Oct 2012, 464XLAT deployed
74.47% (Dec 2016)

28. FPT Telecom (VN)
http://www.worldipv6launch.org/apps/ipv6week/measurement/images/graphs/FPTTelecom.png
21.38 % (Dec 2016)

29. Observations
• IPv6 end-user readiness is increasing across the region
– Varies among region, economies, networks
• Key market players taking lead on IPv6 continues to have sizable
impact on economy-wide IPv6 readiness
• Once IPv6 is enabled in a network, end-user readiness tends to grow
rapidly
• Initial roll-out generally followed by expansion to smaller markets and
regional ISPs as well as content, cloud, cable TV, and other service
providers

30. IAB Statement on IPv6
https://www.iab.org/2016/11/07/iab-statement-on-ipv6/
Networking
standards need
to fully support
IPv6

31. APNIC-ITU Capacity-Building Efforts
“IPv6 Transition Strategies and
Technologies” Workshop Vientiane,
Laos - August 2014
“IPv6 Infrastructure Workshop”
Phnom Penh, Cambodia – July
2016

32. APNIC IPv6 Capacity-Building in the
Region
• Apart from this partnership, APNIC has also conducted a
number of outreach programs
– IPv6 workshop in May 2014
– Member development in Jun 2014 – this is to coordinate more and
meet Members’ needs
– APNIC Regional Meeting – 2015
– IPv6 Address Planning & Deployment Technical Assistance (TA)
Program

33. Workshop on IPv6 Adoption by ASEAN
government agencies.
• APNIC and the Infocomm Development Authority of Singapore (IDA)
have conducted workshop on IPv6 adoption by ASEAN government
agencies
• Part of ASEAN Telecommunications Senior Officials Meeting
(TELSOM) and ASEAN Telecommunications Regulators’ Council
(ATRC) joint working group meeting held in Jakarta from 9 to 12 May
2016
• APNIC Presented four stage strategy to deploy IPv6 for government

34. IPv6 Deployment Stages

35. IPv6@APNIC
www.apnic.net/ipv6

36. Stay in Touch!
blog.apnic.net
apnic.net/social