This document summarizes Jeff Schmidt's presentation on Telstra's deployment of IPv6 for mobiles. Key points include:
1) Telstra implemented IPv6 to future-proof their network and address IPv4 depletion issues, using dual-stack and 464XLAT architectures.
2) Business drivers were addressing the growing traffic demand and enabling new technologies like IoT, while technical drivers addressed IPv4 depletion and inefficiencies.
3) The deployment included addressing and subnetting plans, network security designs, and testing multiple deployment models.
Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is what you are going to discover onwards. Here, you will get format, features and related required information of IPv6 addresses and its related protocols.
Overview of IPv6 protocol along with various transition scenarios for the migration from IPv4 to IPv6
IPv6 is the current and future Internet Protocol standard. As anticipated, IPv4 addresses became exhausted around 2012.
The IP address scarcity is the main driver for IPv6 protocol adoption.
IPv6 defines a much larger address space that should be sufficient for the foreseeable future, even taking into account Internet of Things scenarios with zillions of small devices connected to the Internet.
IPv6 is, however, much more than simply an expansion of the address space. IPv6 defines a clean address architecture with globally aggregatable addresses thus reducing routing table sizes in Internet routers.
IPv6 extension headers provide a standard mechanism for stacking protocols such as IP, IPSec, routing headers and upper layer headers such as TCP.
ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is already defined for IPv4. ICMP was totally revamped for IPv6 and as ICMPv6 provides common functions like IP address and prefix assignment.
Lack of business drivers for migrating to IPv6 is responsible for sluggish adoption of IPv6 in carrier and enterprise networks.
Numerous transition mechanisms were developed to ease the transition from IPv4 to IPv6. Many of these mechanisms are complex and difficult to administer.
The transition mechanisms can be coarsely classified into dual-stack, tunneling and translation mechanisms.
Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) is what you are going to discover onwards. Here, you will get format, features and related required information of IPv6 addresses and its related protocols.
Overview of IPv6 protocol along with various transition scenarios for the migration from IPv4 to IPv6
IPv6 is the current and future Internet Protocol standard. As anticipated, IPv4 addresses became exhausted around 2012.
The IP address scarcity is the main driver for IPv6 protocol adoption.
IPv6 defines a much larger address space that should be sufficient for the foreseeable future, even taking into account Internet of Things scenarios with zillions of small devices connected to the Internet.
IPv6 is, however, much more than simply an expansion of the address space. IPv6 defines a clean address architecture with globally aggregatable addresses thus reducing routing table sizes in Internet routers.
IPv6 extension headers provide a standard mechanism for stacking protocols such as IP, IPSec, routing headers and upper layer headers such as TCP.
ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) is already defined for IPv4. ICMP was totally revamped for IPv6 and as ICMPv6 provides common functions like IP address and prefix assignment.
Lack of business drivers for migrating to IPv6 is responsible for sluggish adoption of IPv6 in carrier and enterprise networks.
Numerous transition mechanisms were developed to ease the transition from IPv4 to IPv6. Many of these mechanisms are complex and difficult to administer.
The transition mechanisms can be coarsely classified into dual-stack, tunneling and translation mechanisms.
This slide contains basic concept about MPLS and LDP protocol, according to the latest version of Cisco books(SP and R&S) and i taught it at IRAN TIC company.
i will prepare MPLS_VPN and MPLS_QoS and MPLS_TE later.
VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding) is a technology that allows multiple instances of a routing table to
co-exist within the same router at the same time. This increases functionality by allowing network paths
to be segmented without using multiple devices. Because traffic is automatically segregated, VRF also
increases network security and can eliminate the need for encryption and authentication. Internet
service providers (ISPs) often take advantage of VRF to create separate virtual private networks (VPNs)
for customers; thus the technology is also referred to as VPN routing and forwarding. Because the
routing instances are independent, the same or overlapping IP addresses can be used without
conflicting with each other.
MPLS VPN is a family of methods for using multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) to create virtual private networks (VPNs). MPLS VPN is a flexible method to transport and route several types of network traffic using an MPLS backbone.
This slide contains concept about MPLS_VPNs specially L3_VPN protocol, according to the latest version of Cisco books(SP and R&S) and i taught it at IRAN TIC company.
In the next slide, i prepare title about MPLS L3_VPN Services and VPLS (MPLS L2_VPN)
1.What is IP address
2.When & how it was devised
3.IPV4 Features & its functionality
4.Benefits of IPV4 & Devices supporting IPV4
5.Problems of IPV4 & What happened to IPV5
6.What led to IPV6
7.IPV6 Features & Functionality
8.Benefits of IPV6 & supporting devices
9.How transition from IPV4 to IPV6 will happen
10.Problems & challenges that are anticipated & Conclusion
Mobile Transport Evolution with Unified MPLSCisco Canada
Mobile Service Providers are seeing unprecedented challenges in relation to their Transport architectures with the 3GPP evolution towards IP based Node Bs, LTE (Long Term Evolution) and LTE-Advanced. This presentation will initially discuss the network migration trends and factors that are changing how mobile networks are evolving. A description is provided on Unified MPLS and the current issues that need to be fixed and how this architecture addresses this. A more detailed analysis will then examine the options available for transporting GSM/2G, UMTS/3G traffic and IP/Ethernet Node B deployments and some of factors that need consideration like scalability, resiliency and security. Finally, there is a detailed description of the LTE/LTE - A evolution and the feature requirements made on the transport network. There will be detailed analysis of different LTE models and also some technical enhancements and proposals considered for the implementation of LTE in a Unified MPLS environment.
This slide contains basic concept about MPLS and LDP protocol, according to the latest version of Cisco books(SP and R&S) and i taught it at IRAN TIC company.
i will prepare MPLS_VPN and MPLS_QoS and MPLS_TE later.
VRF (Virtual Routing and Forwarding) is a technology that allows multiple instances of a routing table to
co-exist within the same router at the same time. This increases functionality by allowing network paths
to be segmented without using multiple devices. Because traffic is automatically segregated, VRF also
increases network security and can eliminate the need for encryption and authentication. Internet
service providers (ISPs) often take advantage of VRF to create separate virtual private networks (VPNs)
for customers; thus the technology is also referred to as VPN routing and forwarding. Because the
routing instances are independent, the same or overlapping IP addresses can be used without
conflicting with each other.
MPLS VPN is a family of methods for using multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) to create virtual private networks (VPNs). MPLS VPN is a flexible method to transport and route several types of network traffic using an MPLS backbone.
This slide contains concept about MPLS_VPNs specially L3_VPN protocol, according to the latest version of Cisco books(SP and R&S) and i taught it at IRAN TIC company.
In the next slide, i prepare title about MPLS L3_VPN Services and VPLS (MPLS L2_VPN)
1.What is IP address
2.When & how it was devised
3.IPV4 Features & its functionality
4.Benefits of IPV4 & Devices supporting IPV4
5.Problems of IPV4 & What happened to IPV5
6.What led to IPV6
7.IPV6 Features & Functionality
8.Benefits of IPV6 & supporting devices
9.How transition from IPV4 to IPV6 will happen
10.Problems & challenges that are anticipated & Conclusion
Mobile Transport Evolution with Unified MPLSCisco Canada
Mobile Service Providers are seeing unprecedented challenges in relation to their Transport architectures with the 3GPP evolution towards IP based Node Bs, LTE (Long Term Evolution) and LTE-Advanced. This presentation will initially discuss the network migration trends and factors that are changing how mobile networks are evolving. A description is provided on Unified MPLS and the current issues that need to be fixed and how this architecture addresses this. A more detailed analysis will then examine the options available for transporting GSM/2G, UMTS/3G traffic and IP/Ethernet Node B deployments and some of factors that need consideration like scalability, resiliency and security. Finally, there is a detailed description of the LTE/LTE - A evolution and the feature requirements made on the transport network. There will be detailed analysis of different LTE models and also some technical enhancements and proposals considered for the implementation of LTE in a Unified MPLS environment.
This presentation will cover the architectures for deploying high density zones, residential community services and show how both of these converge for user authentication using Passpoint technologies, how the arrival of ANDSF network selection servers and clients can be used to direct users to the best connection at any time and how SON solutions are needed to manage this ever growing mix of deployment options Service Providers are facing, making it more and more complex for users to know where to connect.
in this slides the topic of internet protocol version 6 is covered in very easy form that help the beginners of networking students .. l for more suggestions comment there
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ER(Entity Relationship) Diagram for online shopping - TAEHimani415946
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This 7-second Brain Wave Ritual Attracts Money To You.!nirahealhty
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1.Wireless Communication System_Wireless communication is a broad term that i...JeyaPerumal1
Wireless communication involves the transmission of information over a distance without the help of wires, cables or any other forms of electrical conductors.
Wireless communication is a broad term that incorporates all procedures and forms of connecting and communicating between two or more devices using a wireless signal through wireless communication technologies and devices.
Features of Wireless Communication
The evolution of wireless technology has brought many advancements with its effective features.
The transmitted distance can be anywhere between a few meters (for example, a television's remote control) and thousands of kilometers (for example, radio communication).
Wireless communication can be used for cellular telephony, wireless access to the internet, wireless home networking, and so on.
2. Jeff Schmidt- Technology Team Manager, Telstra Wireless
Network Engineering
Manager responsible for Wireless IPv6 deployment and
Wireless Mobile IP Edge/Core Architecture
Introduction
Instructional Slide
3. 1. Why IPv6?
2. Business and Technical considerations
3. Network Architectures
4. Addressing and Subnetting
5. Deployment Model
6. Our Experience
7. Q&A
Agenda
5. Traffic growth and device per person
Network readiness for new technologies:
• Internet-of-Things
• VoLTE/IMS
• ViLTE
• Management and Backhaul
IPv4 public/private address depletion
Reduction in network inefficiencies
Why IPv6?
10. Continual investment to
extend IPv4 resources vs IPv6
to future proof our network
Business and Technical Considerations
NAT
IoT
$
$
or
11. As IPv4 addresses deplete, it will be more expensive to extend IPv4 resources
Dual-Stack is an effective transition technology but does not solve the IPv4 depletion
problem
Introducing IPv6:
- Reduced dependency on NAT
- Remove the need for regionalisation
- Pushes applications to move to IPv6
Business and Technical Considerations
13. • CGN performs NAT/PAT 44 and NAT/PAT 64
PAT substantially reduces Public and Private IPv4 address
demand, but does not prevent IPv4 address depletion.
IPv6 Implementation
Centralised CGN
Internet
IP Core / Edge
Internet
CGNAT BR
Region 1
Region 2
NAT/PAT 44
Private IPv4 to Public IPv4
CGNAT BR
NAT/PAT 64
Public IPv6 to Public IPv4
Backhaul
EPG
Backhaul
EPG
14. IPv6 Implementation
Traffic Flow
IPv4 Public Internet
Carrier Network
(IPv4 + IPv6)
IPv6 Public InternetIBR
NAT64
Public IPv6 to Public IPv4
Native IPv6
Radio Network
(IPv4 transport)
EPG
Single – Bearer
IPv6 only user plane
IPv6
16. Running a Single APN
InternetRadio Network Carrier Network
IPv4
eNodeB
GGSN/EPG
IPv4v6
APN
IPv4v6
IPv6
IBR
NAT44 / NAT64
DNS-DS
Create a single real APN that supports both DS and SS
17. IPv6 Implementation
Security
IPv4 Public Internet
Carrier Network
(IPv4 + IPv6)
IPv6 Public InternetCGNAT BR
NAT44/64 Translation
Stateful firewall
Untrust to Trust
Block all traffic originating from
internet
Trust to Untrust
Allow all traffic
Radio Network
(IPv4 transport)
EPG
Firewall Application
IPv6
IPv6 Native
Stateful firewall
Untrust to Trust
Block all traffic originating from
Internet
Trust to Untrust
Allow all traffic originating from IPv6
handset ranges only
Allow DNS traffic
Block all infrastructure ranges
Block all VoLTE ranges
APN ACL
Advertise only handset ranges to
Carrier Network
Block traffic with IP ranges not
configured on the EPG
18. As the CGNAT service is removed from the network wireless devices will
be exposed to unsolicited traffic from the Internet ie native IPv6
Wireless customers are more sensitive billing anomalies due to
unsolicited traffic
A simple firewall service blocking unsolicited traffic is required
The same firewall service will ensure wireless core infrastructure is
unreachable from the internet
Security
23. 3GPP currently dictates each UE to receive a /64
Future releases may require a /60 with DHCP-PD for single APN tethering
4x /44 per APN per EPG = 4M prefixes
You will probably also need a similar range for VoLTE APNs
KEY: make sure it is a structured subnetting schema so it is consistent
nationally and across the entire organisation.
Addressing and Subnetting
24. Infrastructure Addressing:
/64 per VLAN – Keep it simple!
Private or Public – but remember to use a firewall and policies to avoid
advertising the infrastructure out to the internet!
NAT is not a security feature!
Addressing and Subnetting
26. SP1 SP2 / SP3 SP4
Dual-Stack SS+NAT64+DNS64+CLAT SS/DS+NAT64+DNS-HD+CLAT
1. Every carrier will have a unique set of circumstances that dictates which
transition method they will use. There is no standard way of doing this.
2. You must determine which is the best method for your network.
In any method, remember to ensure you have a long-term strategy for the
eventual deployment of native Single Stack IPv6!
Carrier Examples
27. Two existing APNs – one for Handsets, one for Mobile Broadband and Tethering
or
464XLAT + NAT64 + DNS64 for the Handset APN only
IPv6 enabled DNS for all other APNs
Different APNs for different purposes
Telstra.WAP
Telstra.Internet
NAT64/
DNS64
464XLAT Internet
DNS-DS/
NAT44
Internet
28. HSS Configuration
PDP Context id = IPv4v6
MME Configuration
DAF = set
EPG Configuration
PDPTYPE = IPv4v6
EPG will then also have the following as a minimum within each APN:
-IPv6 Handset Range
-IPv4 Handset Range
-2x IPv4 DNS Name Servers, 2x IPv6 DNS Name Servers
Packet Core Configuration
29. Android 4.3+ supports 464XLAT. We recommend using anything that is
4.4.4+ or 5.1+
Depending on your setup, either PDP selection is based on the UE or the
Network.
International Roaming over IPv6 works today! But we recommend the APN
Roaming Protocol to be set to IPv4 only for the next two years.
UE Requirements and Settings
30. • Informed Front of House and provided training, as well as Enterprise
support and sales personnel
• Updated internal Knowledge Base
• Briefed Operations and provided training
• Created moderated forum with official details on the network change
• Provided direct email contact to Telstra Engineering
• Contacted the technical community via mailing lists and public forums
before launch
Launch Considerations
32. iPad Dual-Stack Carrier Settings
Significant IPv6 takeup on iPads since carrier update was made
available with Dual-Stack.
Update made via iOS patch. Users are not immediately aware IPv6 is
available on their iPads. Transparent migration.
IPv6 take up occurs when iPads are patched to the latest version
Single Stack will come later this year
Our Experience
33. Use DNS64 as a migration step from dual stack to single stack
Dual stack devices without DNS64 are least impacted with a migration towards single stack as
applications will continue to use IPv4
Enabling DNS64 will extend IPv6 usage for the devices and can be disabled easily if customers
applications are impacted
The number applications, protocols and specific implementations continues to make a
migration to IPv6 single stack a challenge
Check NGP / SMP behaviour
Our Experience
34. Tethered devices to remain on DS APN for time being
Ensure all internal services IPv6 enabled
464xlat – is it still required ? H323 breaks but is it required ?
Corporate VPNs are a challenge due to range of solutions and specific implementations
Test via test APNs
Our Experience
35. Our Experience
Step
increases in
IPv6 address
usage as
device types
move to
IPv6 ie iPad
dual stack
01/07/16
01/08/16
01/09/16
01/10/16
01/11/16
01/12/16
01/01/17
01/02/17
01/03/17
01/04/17
01/05/17
01/06/17
01/07/17
01/08/17
01/09/17
01/10/17
NSW QLD SA VIC WA Total
telstra.wap - IPv6 Usage
37. Mail services failing ie smtp
IPv6 smtp packets not leaving PGW, IPv4 service works – PGW bug ?
Bugs relating to IPv6 are becoming less common
Our Experience
38. APN can control IPv4, IPv6 or dual stack services
Some wireless devices restrict the use of APNs to control access to
services ie wholesale products, corporate access
Ensure device testing validates access to various differentiated services
from various device types, don’t assume APN control is available
through device
Our Experience
39. APN – IPv4v6, HLR/HSS – IPv4v6
Legacy devices configured with IPv4 only are not impacted
New devices configured with IPv4v6 obtains both addresses and is currently
growing significantly
Existing devices configured with IPv6 only obtains IPv6 only
CGNAT
NAT64 ALGs: ftp, sip, pptp, rtsp, h323
BYO device and existing services
40. Some applications fail with IPv6 – even with 464XLAT. Routing issues?
VPNs are a real problem – but is it a carrier problem or an application /
server problem?
HTTP / HTTPS works very well
SSH is not a major problem
IPv6 is faster in some cases – smaller BGP table, no NAT etc.
Major apps work very well – especially from the major content providers
IPv4 vs IPv6
41. Device by device migration via carrier configuration
Test APN, internal trials
Dual stack on a single device type
Turn on DNS64
Single stack on a less common device ie android device type x
Tethering APN last as there less control over applications and OS
running on tethered devices
Migration Strategy to get to IPv6 single stack
42. Engage the community early so they know what’s coming. They will appreciate you are still developing
and they will want to be part of the journey!
We receive support email through our contact points and reply as soon as possible. Don’t keep your
customers waiting
Skip the red tape – let customers engage engineering directly
Keep management happy! Report SIO and bandwidth usage!
Customer Support