Building Blocks for IoT

Building Blocks for IoT
Caveat: This is a rough ﬁrst cut and will be revised extensively!
Thursday, July 21, 16

Key Points on Building Blocks for IoT - Initial Thoughts
• There are many components that can be combined to create large scale IoT systems
• These include nodes, node operating systems, networks, middleware, and platforms
• Initial systems will probably be built bottom-up starting with device nodes
• Node operating systems and middleware are increasingly available
• Ultimately platforms will make it easier to develop, deploy and manage IoT systems
• Large-scale CPS applications will require interoperability across multiple IoT systems
• Middleware standardization will be necessary for interfaces and data formats

Outline of Presentation
• IoT Nodes
• IoT Operating Systems
• IoT Networks
• IoT Middleware
• IoT Platforms

IoT Technology Stack from Ovum
From https://iotworldevent.com/ﬁles/2016/03/Understanding-the-IoT-Opportunity.pdf

IoTVendor Landscape from Matt Turck
From http://www.slideshare.net/mjft01/internet-of-things-42280078

IoT Nodes

Sensor Node Architecture
From www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/11/6/5900/htm

Architecture of a CPS Node and Environment from NIST
From https://s3.amazonaws.com/nist-sgcps/cpspwg/pwgglobal/CPS_PWG_Draft_Framework_for_Cyber-Physical_Systems_Release_0_8_September_2015.pdf

From https://www.efxkits.co.uk/microcontroller-based-arduino-projects-for-beginners-in-electronics/
Example Use of Arduino for Home Automation

From www.oracle.com/technetwork/articles/java/cruz-gpio-2295970.html
Example Use of Raspberry Pi as Sensor Hub

From http://www.movea.com/news/electronic-design-interview-moveas-tim-kelliher-discusses-sensor-fusion-trends/
InvenSenses Movea’s Sensor Hub Architecture

CPS Node Architecture from NIST
From http://tinyurl.com/oyo7h9n

From https://www.cs.virginia.edu/wsn/nest.html
Wireless Sensor Network Node Architecture from U ofVa

IoT Operating Systems

Summary of Operating Systems for Wireless Sensor Node Devices

Embedded Operating Systems
From http://postscapes.com/internet-of-things-software-guide
Some other examples:
SOS
EmberNet
Smart-its
Ant Nut/OS
Oracle Java ME Embedded

Embedded Operating Systems continued
From http://postscapes.com/internet-of-things-software-guide
Some other examples:
SquawkVirtual Machine
Synapse's SNAP network operating system
ClearConnex
Abacus OS

TinyOS for IoT Devices from TinyOs Alliance

Contiki OS for IoT Devices from Adam Dunkels

Mantis OS for IoT Devices from U of Colorado

Nano RK OS for IoT Devices from CMU

LiteOS for IoT Devices from the U of Illinois

From https://www.arm.com/products/internet-of-things-solutions/mbed-IoT-device-platform.php
mbed OS for IoT Devices from ARM

IoT Networking

From http://postscapes.com/internet-of-things-protocols
Network Stack for IoT

IoT Network Protocols
IPv6 - "IPv6, is an Internet Layer protocol for packet-switched internetworking and provides end-to-end datagram transmission
across multiple IP networks."
6LoWPAN - "6LoWPAN is a acronym of IPv6 over Low power Wireless Personal Area Networks. It is an adaption layer for
IPv6 over IEEE802.15.4 links. This protocol operates only in the 2.4 GHz frequency range with 250 kbps transfer rate."
UDP (User Datagram Protocol) -A simple OSI transport layer protocol for client/server network applications based on
Internet Protocol (IP). UDP is the main alternative to TCP and one of the oldest network protocols in existence, introduced in
1980. UDP is often used in applications specially tuned for real-time performance.
uIP - The uIP is an open source TCP/IP stack capable of being used with tiny 8- and 16-bit microcontrollers. It was initially
developed by Adam Dunkels of the "Networked Embedded Systems" group at the Swedish Institute of Computer Science,
licensed under a BSD style license, and further developed by a wide group of developers.
DTLS (Datagram Transport Layer) - "The DTLS protocol provides communications privacy for datagram protocols. The
protocol allows client/server applications to communicate in a way that is designed to prevent eavesdropping, tampering, or
message forgery. The DTLS protocol is based on the Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocol and provides equivalent security
guarantees."
CoAP (Constrained Application Protocol) -"CoAP is an application layer protocol that is intended for use in resource-
constrained internet devices, such as WSN nodes. CoAP is designed to easily translate to HTTP for simpliﬁed integration with
the web, while also meeting specialized requirements such as multicast support, very low overhead, and simplicity.The CoRE
group has proposed the following features for CoAP: RESTful protocol design minimizing the complexity of mapping with
HTTP, Low header overhead and parsing complexity, URI and content-type support, Support for the discovery of resources
provided by known CoAP services. Simple subscription for a resource, and resulting push notiﬁcations, Simple caching based
on max-age."
ROLL (IPv6 routing for low power/lossy networks)

IoT Network Protocols continued
SMCP — A C-based CoAP stack which is suitable for embedded environments. Features include: Support draft-ietf-core-
coap-13, Fully asynchronous I/O, Supports both BSD sockets and UIP.
XMPP (Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol) -"An open technology for real-time communication, which powers a
wide range of applications including instant messaging, presence, multi-party chat, voice and video calls, collaboration,
lightweight middleware, content syndication, and generalized routing of XML data."
XMPP-IoT -"In the same manor as XMPP silently has created people to people communication interoperable.We are
aiming to make communication machine to people and machine to machine interoperable."
Mihini/M3DA - "The Mihini agent is a software component that acts as a mediator between an M2M server and the
applications running on an embedded gateway. M3DA is a protocol optimized for the transport of binary M2M data. It is
made available in the Mihini project both for means of Device Management, by easing the manipulation and synchronization
of a device's data model, and for means of Asset Management, by allowing user applications to exchange typed data/
commands back and forth with an M2M server, in a way that optimizes the use of bandwidth"
AMQP (Advanced Message Queuing Protocol) - "An open standard application layer protocol for message-oriented
middleware.The deﬁning features of AMQP are message orientation, queuing, routing (including point-to-point and publish-
and-subscribe), reliability and security."
MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport) - "The MQTT protocol enables a publish/subscribe messaging model in an
extremely lightweight way. It is useful for connections with remote locations where a small code footprint is required and/
or network bandwidth is at a premium
Mosquitto - An Open Source MQTT v3.1 Broker
IBM MessageSight
DDS (Data-Distribution Service for Real-Time Systems)

LLAP (lightweight local automation protocol) -"LLAP is a simple short message that is sent between inteligent objects using
normal text, it's not like TCP/IP, bluetooth, zigbee, 6lowpan,WiFi etc which achieve at a low level "how" to move data around.
This means LLAP can run over any communication medium.The three strengths of LLAP are, it'll run on anything now, anything
in the future and it's easily understandable by humans."
LWM2M (Lightweight M2M) - "Lightweight M2M (LWM2M) is a system standard in the Open Mobile Alliance. It includes
DTLS, CoAP, Block, Observe, SenML and Resource Directory and weaves them into a device-server interface along with an
Object structure .The motivation of LightweightM2M is to develop a fast deployable client-server specification to provide
machine to machine service. LightweightM2M is not restricted to device management, it should be able transfer service /
application data."
SSI (Simple Sensor Interface) - "a simple communications protocol designed for data transfer between computers or user
terminals and smart sensors"
IOTDB - "JSON / Linked Data standards for describing the Internet of Things"
Reactive Streams - "A standard for asynchronous stream processing with non-blocking back pressure on the JVM."
SensorML - "SensorML provides standard models and an XML encoding for describing sensors and measurement processes."
Semantic Sensor Net Ontology (W3C) - "This ontology describes sensors and observations, and related concepts. It does not
describe domain concepts, time, locations, etc. these are intended to be included from other ontologies via OWL imports."
IPSO Application Framework (PDF) -"This design defines sets of REST interfaces that may be used by a smart object to
represent its available resources, interact with other smart objects and backend services.This framework is designed to be
complementary to existing Web profiles including SEP2 and oBIX."
Wolfram Language for Connected Devices - "From a user’s point of view, there’s a symbolic representation of each device.
Then there are a standard set of Wolfram Language functions like DeviceRead, DeviceExecute, DeviceReadBuffer and
DeviceReadTimeSeries that perform operations related to the device."

Websocket - The WebSocket specification—developed as part of the HTML5 initiative—introduced the WebSocket
JavaScript interface, which defines a full-duplex single socket connection over which messages can be sent between client
and server.The WebSocket standard simplifies much of the complexity around bi-directional web communication and
connection management.
Content-Centric Networking (CCN) -"Next-gen network architecture to solve challenges in content distribution
scalability, mobility, and security. CCN directly routes and delivers named pieces of content at the packet level of the
network, enabling automatic and application-neutral caching in memory wherever it’s located in the network.The result?
Efficient and effective delivery of content wherever and whenever it is needed. Since the architecture enables these
caching effects as an automatic side effect of packet delivery, memory can be used without building expensive application-
level caching services."
Telehash - (JSON+UDP+DHT) A secure wire protocol powering a decentralized overlay network for apps and devices
Time Synchronized Mesh Protocol (TSMP) -A communications protocol for self-organizing networks of wireless devices
called motes.TSMP devices stay synchronized to each other and communicate in timeslots, similar to other TDM (time-
division multiplexing) systems.
NanoIP - "NanoIP, which stands for the nano Internet Protocol, is a concept that was created to bring Internet-like
networking services to embedded and sensor devices, without the overhead of TCP/IP. NanoIP was designed with minimal
overheads, wireless networking, and local addressing in mind."
ONS 2.0 (Object Name Service)

Bluetooth Protocols: Apple iBeacon and Google Eddystone
From https://kontakt.io/blog/what-is-eddystone/

From https://openwsn.atlassian.net/wiki/display/OW/Overview+Slides
6LoWPAN to Internet Integration

From www.slideshare.net/asobimat/rpl-dodag
Routing Algorithm for Low Power and Lossy Networks (RPL)

Networking Alternatives for IoT
From http://radar.oreilly.com/2014/04/3-topologies-driving-iot-networking-standards.html

IoT Network Architecture from Electronic Design
From electronicdesign.com/iot/successful-internet-things-hinges-m2m

From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NarrowBand_IOT
Narrow Band IoT (NB-IoT)
Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) is a Low Power Wide Area (LPWA) technology that
works virtually anywhere. It connects devices more simply and efﬁciently on
already established mobile networks, and handles small amounts of fairly
infrequent 2-way data, securely and reliably.And the best is, it provides:
• very low power consumption
• excellent penetration coverage
• lower component costs
Narrow-Band IOT (NB-IOT) is a technology being standardized by the 3GPP
standards body.This technology is a narrowband radio technology specially
designed for the Internet of Things (IoT), hence its name. Special focus of this
standard are on indoor coverage, low cost, long battery life and large number of
devices.This technology can be deployed in GSM and LTE spectrum
From https://www.u-blox.com/en/narrowband-iot-nb-iot

From http://www.huawei.com/minisite/hwmbbf15/en/nb-iot-accelerating-cellular-iot.html
NB-IoT Applications from Huawei

From http://www.slideshare.net/roberthuynh2/cellular-lpwan-paris-nov-2015-55870359
NB-IoT Roadmap

From http://networks.nokia.com/sites/default/ﬁles/document/nokia_lte-m_-_optimizing_lte_for_the_internet_of_things_white_paper.pdf
Low Power Wide Area (LPWA) Roadmap from Nokia

From https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/20141120122502-9601754-why-lte-m-should-play-a-major-role-in-m2m-evolution
LTE-M

From http://www.weightless.org/about/the-argument-for-lpwan-in-the-internet-of-things
Argument for LPWAN in IoT from Weightless.org
Characteristics: Short range, low cost, long battery life - So what does the landscape look like?
We have short range (meters) PAN and LAN technologies like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi offering very low power
consumption and high data rates.Very good - but the Internet of Things (IoT) needs wide area connectivity -
networks across cities, not across the office. Bluetooth and Wi-Fi might well become the dominant IoT
connectivity tech for the home and office where connectivity above a few meters is unnecessary. For longer
range applications, look elsewhere…
Characteristics: Long range, high cost, short battery life - How about GSM - GPRS, 3G, LTE,
5G? These technologies operate over several kilometers.They also offer high data rate comms so voice and
video streaming are possible. Brilliant, if you need voice or video streaming. Hint: you almost certainly don’t.
GPRS modems cost around US$10. 3G modems cost US$25 and LTE modems are up around US$50.
So how about the lower cost LTE-M variants? LTE-M Cat 1 networks and devices might be available in 2016
but they don’t get close to LPWAN for cost or power consumption.Wait for LTE-M Cat 0 then? Release 13
of the LTE-M specification will not be with us until at least 2017, more likely 2018.And it still won’t compete
with LPWAN on either cost or power consumption.You can optimize a design forever and still not compete
with a technology developed explicitly for the application – that’s why LPWAN makes sense now and in the
future.
Characteristics: LPWAN - And so we come to the third option, low power, wide area network
(LPWAN) technology.You get signal propagation characteristics enabling networks with an urban range
measured in kilometers married to power consumption figures that enable battery powered endpoints to
carry on working for years, not days or weeks - a utopian Shangri-La! And then there’s the cost – it’s in the
same ballpark as Bluetooth. Low cost endpoints, low cost base stations, low cost networks.And all because
LPWAN is optimized for the IoT where data rate is less important than range, battery life or cost.

IoT Middleware

From: http://postscapes.com/internet-of-things-software-guide
Middleware for IoT
ProSyst - Internet of Things Connector.We do the middleware to make connected things and devices smart and enable value
driven innovation.
MundoCore - The communication middleware MundoCore was specifically designed for the requirements in mobile and
ubiquitous systems. MundoCore is based on a microkernel design, supports dynamic reconfiguration, and provides a common
set of APIs for different programming languages (Java, C++, Python) on a wide range of different devices.The architectural
model addresses the need for proper language bindings, different communication abstractions (Publish/Subscribe, Distributed
Object Computing, and streaming), peer-to-peer overlays, different transport protocols, different invocation protocols, and
automatic peer discovery.
Gaia: - Gaia brings the functionality of an operating system to physical spaces. Common operating system functions are
supported, such as events, signals, file system, security, processes, process groups, etc. Gaia extends typical operating system
concepts to include context, location awareness, mobile computing devices and actuators like door locks and light switches.
Ubiware: - Ubiware will allow creation of self-managed complex industrial systems consisting of distributed, heterogeneous,
shared and reusable components of different nature, e.g. smart machines and devices, sensors, actuators, RFIDs, web-
services, software components and applications, humans, etc.
SensorWare - The framework that allows easy, efficient dynamic programmability for sensor networks.
ROS (Robot Operating System) - Provides libraries and tools to help software developers create robot applications. It
provides hardware abstraction, device drivers, libraries, visualizers, message-passing, package management, and more. ROS is
licensed under an open source, BSD license.
SensorBus - The Sensor Bus establishes an intermediary layer between geosensor networks and the Sensor Web to close the
conceptual gap between these two distinct layers resulting from different protocol stacks and data models.Thereby, the
Sensor Bus facilitates the integration of new sensors as well as new sensor web services.

From: http://postscapes.com/internet-of-things-software-guide
Middleware for IoT continued
EEML: Extended Environments Markup Language - A protocol for sharing sensor data between remote responsive environments,
both physical and virtual. It can be used to facilitate direct connections between any two environments
SensorML - The OpenGIS Sensor Model Language Encoding Standard (SensorML) speciﬁes models and XML encoding that
provide a framework within which the geometric, dynamic, and observational characteristics of sensors and sensor systems can
be deﬁned.
Websockets - A technology providing for bi-directional, full-duplex communications channels, over a single TCP socket. It is
designed to be implemented in web browsers and web servers, but it can be used by any client or server application.The
WebSocket API is being standardized by the W3C, and the WebSocket protocol is being standardized by the IETF.
IBM MessageSight: - IBM MessageSight extends messaging networks with extreme transaction rates, massive scale, and predictable
low latency. It delivers messaging for the edge of the enterprise to reach out to the expanding Internet of Things, the dramatic
scaling in the number of concurrent devices that can be connected with timely information.
MQTT - MQ Telemetry Transport - The MQTT protocol enables a publish/subscribe messaging model in an extremely lightweight
way. It is useful for connections with remote locations where a small code footprint is required and/or network bandwidth is at a
premium.
Koneki - The Koneki project delivers tools for Machine-to-Machine solutions developers to help them develop, simulate, test and
deploy their M2M applications.
MIHINI - The Mihini project delivers an embedded runtime running on top of Linux, that exposes an high-level Lua API for
building Machine-to-Machine applications.
oBIX (Open Building Information Xchange) - A focused effort by industry leaders and associations working toward creating a
standard XML and Web Services guideline to facilitate the exchange of information between intelligent buildings, enable
enterprise application integration and bring forth true systems integration.
Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) - A specialized RESTful (Representational State Transfer) protocol for use with
constrained networks and nodes for machine-to-machine applications such as smart energy and building automation.

From http://airccse.org/journal/ijcses/papers/0811cses07.pdf
Functional Components of IoT Middleware from Tata

Functional Components Interfaces of IoT Middleware from Tata

IoT Middleware Comparison from Tata

From http://www.prosyst.com/what-we-do/smart-home-smart-energy/products/
Smart Home Scenario with Prosyst Products

From https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/eddystone-googles-weapon-beacon-industry-shishir-mishra
Google Beacon Architecture

From http://www.slideshare.net/PeterSam67/prof-dr-m-mhlhuser-telekooperation
MundoCore Components
= Remote Management Console

From http://gaia.cs.illinois.edu/
Gaia Kernel Supporting Active Spaces

From http://slideplayer.com/slide/5237062/
Ubiware Abstract Architecture

From http://sensorware.sourceforge.net/
SensorWare’s Place on a Sensor Node

From http://hades.mech.northwestern.edu/index.php/Robot_Operating_System
Robot Operating System (ROS)

From http://52north.org/communities/sensorweb/incubation/sensorBus/
SensorBus
SOS = Sensor Observation Service
SPS = Sensor Planning Service
SAS = Sensor Alerts Service

From http://www.wovyn.com/
Woyvn

From http://www.eeml.org/
Extended Environments Markup Language (EEML)
EEML is a markup language that describes the data output of sensors and
actuators, often in an architectural context but also in interactive
environments, interface devices and even Second Life objects. Crucially,
EEML supports the addition of context or "meta-data" about where the
data came from. This is meaningful both to machines and humans when
searching for data streams that they particularly need without knowing the
exact details of the source. It is also important for those wishing to make
spontaneous or previously unplanned connections between data streams
from different sources with common contexts.
So that everyone talks the same EEML 'language', a schema has been
written in XML for formatting data streams from sensors and devices. This
provides a simple yet sophisticated structure for formatting environmental
data, in the widest sense possible. The source that EEML is designed to
support is data from sensors and devices deployed in the environment. The
term "environment" encompasses both the physical world of, for example
an office, your home or studio as well as the virtual world of, for example
Second Life. EEML is designed to be extensible to support on-going
development of environments that EEML's designers did not initially
envisage.

From http://live.osgeo.org/en/standards/sensorml_overview.html
SensorML

From https://www.pubnub.com/blog/2015-01-05-websockets-vs-rest-api-understanding-the-difference/
WebSockets

From https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/community/blogs/mobileblog/entry/ﬁve_things_to_know_about_ibm_messagesight?lang=en
IBM MessageSight

From http://mqtt.org/
Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT)
MQTT is a machine-to-machine (M2M)/"Internet of Things" connectivity protocol. It was designed as an extremely
lightweight publish/subscribe messaging transport. It is useful for connections with remote locations where a small
code footprint is required and/or network bandwidth is at a premium. For example, it has been used in sensors
communicating to a broker via satellite link, over occasional dial-up connections with healthcare providers, and in a
range of home automation and small device scenarios. It is also ideal for mobile applications because of its small
size, low power usage, minimized data packets, and efﬁcient distribution of information to one or many receivers.
From http://bytecontinnum.com/2014/11/eai-for-iot-pubsub-on-mqtt/

https://eclipse.org/proposals/technology.koneki/https://www.arm.com/products/internet-of-things-solutions/mbed-IoT-device-platform.php
Koneki from Eclipse

From https://www.eclipse.org/proposals/technology.mihini/
MIHINI from Eclipse
Lua - http://www.lua.org/about.html
Paho- https://eclipse.org/paho/
Kontiki - https://projects.eclipse.org/projects/technology.koneki

From http://www.automatedbuildings.com/news/jun08/articles/considine/080539121012obix.htm
Open Building Information Exchange (oBIX)
oBIX (Open Building Information Xchange) is a focused effort by industry leaders and associations
working toward creating a standard XML and Web Services guideline to facilitate the exchange of
information between intelligent buildings, enable enterprise application integration and bring forth
true systems integration. Based on Standards widely used by the IT Industry, the oBIX guideline
will improve operational effectiveness giving facility managers and building owners increased
knowledge and control of their properties.
From http://www.obix.org/

From http://www.slideshare.net/zdshelby/coap-tutorial
Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP)

IoT Platforms

From http://postscapes.com/internet-of-things-platforms
IoT Platforms
AMEE Platform from AMEE UK (http://www.amee.com/)
OurVision: "Environmental Intelligence, Everywhere.We believe that information about our environmental impact can and
should be available everywhere, to help us better measure and manage resources.
Arkessa Platform from Arkessa (http://www.arkessa.com)
Arkessa enables remote devices to operate, be monitored, managed and controlled as though they were connected directly
to your desktop, tablet or smart phone. Connections are secure and private.
Arrayent from Arrayent (http://www.arrayent.com/platform/overview/)
The Arrayent Connect Platform is an "IoT platform that enables you to connect your products to value-added smartphone
and web applications with unprecedented low-cost and simplicity."
Axeda Platform from Axeda (http://www.axeda.com/)
From their site:Axeda is the leading cloud platform provider for connected products and M2M applications. ..
Bugswarm from Buglabs (http://www.buglabs.net/bugswarm)
"BUGswarm is a next-generation “machine-to-cloud” system that converts remote/mobile asset data into a collection of
easily consumed and manipulated web services, making them centrally available via a hosted service, management dashboard,
value-added applications and API framework".
Carriots cloud platform from Carriots (http://www.carriots.com/)
Our goal at Carriots is to help you build applications for the Internet of Things.We believeYOU can create amazing new
products. Make smart-objects by just connecting them to Carriots and buiding an application for them.
EVRYTHNG Platform from Evrythng (http://evrythng.com/)
Because every physical thing can be digitally connected. Evrythng is a new service that lets you easily and securely share or
access realtime information about things

IoT Platforms continued
GroveStreams from GroveStreams (https://grovestreams.com/)
GroveStreams is one the most powerful platforms in the cloud providing near real-time decision making capabilities to millions of
users and devices.
HP Cense Platform from HP (http://www.hpl.hp.com/research/intelligent_infrastructure/)
CeNSE: Create the mathematical and physical foundations for the technologies that will form a new information ecosystem, the
Central Nervous System for the Earth (CeNSE), consisting of a trillion nanoscale sensors and actuators embedded.

iDigi Device Cloud from iDigi (http://www.digi.com/)
The iDigi Device Cloud is a cloud platform for device network management that is driving the Internet of Things.The iDigi Device
cloud connects any application, with anything, anywhere. .

Kaa from CyberVision(http://www.kaaproject.org/)
Kaa is a highly ﬂexible open source platform for building, managing, and integrating connected software in the Internet of Things.
Nimbits Platform from TonicSolutions (http://www.nimbits.com/)
Nimbits is a data processing service you can use to record and share sensor data on the cloud. It is a free, social and open source
platform for the Internet of Things.
One Platform from Exosite (http://exosite.com/)
Delivering actionable intelligence from your data Exosite offers ready-to-deploy products and technology which enable
organizations to make good business decisions based on their data.
Open.Sen.se Platform from Sen.Se (http://open.sen.se/)
At Sen.se, we believe there is no such thing as the Internet of Things.We rather believe in an Internet of Everything where
Humans, Nature, Machines, Objects, Environments, Information, Physical andVirtual spaces.
Paraimpu Platform from Paraimpu (https://www.paraimpu.com/)
Paraimpu is a social tool with the aim to allow people to connect, use, share and compose Things, services and devices to create
personalized applications in the ﬁeld of the Web of Things.

IoT Platforms continued
ProxPlatform from Neuaer (http://www.neuaer.com)
ProxPlatform is a lightweight client and hosted server side technology to let mobile applications on Android and future iPhone &
iPad iOS devices add presence events within applications. Developers utilizing this platform can trigger an automatic check-in to
typically disconnected...

SeeControl from SeeControl (http://www.seecontrol.com/)
Control,Analyze and Manage the Internet of Things -- SeeControl arms product makers and service providers with one of a kind
cloud applications for the industrial Internet age.

SensorCloud Platform from Microstrain (http://sensorcloud.com/)
MicroStrain’s SensorCloud™ is a unique sensor data storage, visualization and remote management platform that leverages
powerful cloud computing technologies to provide excellent data scalability, rapid visualization, and user programmable analysis.
Sine Wave Technologies (http://www.sine-wave.com/platform)

Thingspeak Platform from IoBridge (ttps://www.thingspeak.com/)
ThingSpeak is an "open source “Internet of Things” application and API to store and retrieve data from things using HTTP over
the Internet or via a Local Area Network.
Thingworx Platform from Thingworx (http://www.thingworx.com/)
http://www.thingworx.com/resources/platform-developer
From their site: Our Platform:ThingWorx uniquely connects people, systems, and the physical world,

Yaler Platform fromYaler (https://yaler.net/)
Yaler.net - access small devices from the Web We help companies with Internet-connected devices solve the "ﬁrewall issue".

Zatar from Zatar (http://www.zatar.com/)
Zatar is the world's ﬁrst Internet of Things (IoT) Platform for Enterprise Applications

From http://www.slideshare.net/IoTBruce/the-iot-food-chain-picking-the-right-dining-partner-is-important-with-dean-freeman-of-gartner/28
IoT Platform Functionality from Gartner

From http://www.slideshare.net/IoTBruce/the-iot-food-chain-picking-the-right-dining-partner-is-important-with-dean-freeman-of-gartner/28
IoT Platform Suppliers from Gartner

From http://arxiv.org/pdf/1502.01181.pdf
2016 IoT Platform Comparison from Finland

From http://www.electronics-eetimes.com/news/arkessa-launches-dashboard-managing-data-across-multiple-m2m-networks
Arkessa Remote M2M Monitoring

From http://tstf.co/blog/2014/01/03/arrayent-m2miot-platform-solution/
Arrayent Gateway and Connect Platform

From http://www.ptc.com/axeda
Axeda IoT Cloud Platform

From http://www.ptc.com/axeda
Axeda Machine Cloud Platform

From http://www.slideshare.net/mikeatbuglabs/enterprise-4506180
Long Tail of Electronics from BugLabs
CE = Consumer Electronics

Bug Platform Purpose

BugSwarm Cloud Platform

From https://dweet.io/
Bug Labs Dweet and Freeboard
Dweet (Twitter for social machines).
If a product, device, machine, gadget or thing can connect to the Internet, it can
use dweet.io to easily publish and subscribe to data.
dweet.io doesn't require any setup or sign-up— just publish and go. It's machine-
to-machine (M2M) for the Internet Of Things (IOT) the way it was meant to be.
From https://freeboard.io
Freeboard (Dashboard for Devices) Features and Functions

From https://www.carriots.com/how-it-works
Carriots Platform

From https://www.carriots.com/how-it-works
Carriots Platform continued

Cumulocity Platform supporting Kontron SDK
From http://www.pressebox.com/pressrelease/kontron-ag/Kontron-M2M-Smart-Services-Developer-Kit-supports-Cumulocity-M2M-Application-Platform/boxid/563350

RuBAN Platform from Davra Networks
From http://dev.davranetworks.com/api/v1/architecture/overview.html

From https://evrythng.com/resources/data-sheets/platform-data-sheet/
EvryThng Platform

From https://helium.com/assets/resources/HeliumPulseBrochure_05022016.pdf
Helium Platform
Helium Pulse provides conﬁguration and monitoring capabilities

From http://www.rawscience.tv/global-smart-dust-may-be-the-ultimate-internet-of-things/
HP CenSE (Central Nervous System for Earth)

From http://www.slideshare.net/Couchbase/accessing-io-t-data-with-couchbase-server-couchbase-mobile-and-kaa-couchbase-connect-2015
KAA Project

From http://mqtt.org/new/wp-content/uploads/2009/06/MQTT-SN_spec_v1.2.pdf
MQTT for Sensor Networks (MQTT-SN) Gateways(GW)

From http://www.slideshare.net/CharalamposDoukas/enabling-iot-devices-to-talk-web-the-community-approach
Nimbits Server

From https://support.exosite.com/hc/en-us/articles/200491553-One-Platform-101
Exosite One Platform Scripting

From http://www.echelon.com/izot-platform and
https://www.semiwiki.com/forum/f299/echelon-adding-capability-izot-platform-5407.htm
IzoT Platform from Echelon

From http://www.slideshare.net/funk97/jasper-internet-of-things
Jasper Service Support Platform

From http://www.interdigital.com/download/563cacb4e262285f17000dd6
oneMPOWER Platform from Interdigital

From https://www.paraimpu.com/
Paraimpu Social Tool connecting Things, Services, and Devices

From www.zdnet.com/article/autodesk-buys-seecontrol-eyes-internet-of-things-role/
SeeControl Device Cloud Adapters

From https://www.sensorcloud.com/
SensorCloud from Microstrain

From http://2lemetry.com/iot-platform/
ThingFabric from 2lemetry

From https://channel9.msdn.com/coding4fun/blog/Hello-ThingSpeak
ThingSpeak Overview

From http://www.slideshare.net/jcghill/improving-fm-service-and-proﬁtability-with-in-vma
ThingWorx Overview

From https://xively.com/whats_xively/
Xively Platform

From https://yaler.net/
Yaler Relay for Web to IoT Access

From http://www.slideshare.net/MicheleNati/iotmeetupguildford11-zatar-platform-alex-sewell-zebra-technologies
Zatar

References
Inventory of all Bob Marcus CPS Slides on Slideshare
http://www.slideshare.net/bobmarcus/inventory-of-my-cps-slide-sets

References
• Operating Systems for the Internet of Things
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236883971_Operating_Systems_for_the_IoT_-_Goals_Challenges_and_Solutions
• Internet of Things Software Guide
http://postscapes.com/internet-of-things-software-guide
• Top 49 Tools for the Internet of Things
https://blog.profitbricks.com/top-49-tools-internet-of-things/
• Smart Semantic Middleware for the Internet of Things
http://www.mit.jyu.fi/ai/papers/ICINCO-2008.pdf
• Unified Middleware for the Internet of Things
http://www.slideshare.net/honbozhou/unified-middleware-for-internet-of-things
• Arkessa Platform as a Service for IoT
www.arkessa.com/
• Thingspeak Platform
https://thingspeak.com

References
• LTE-M: Optimizing LTE for the Internet of Things from Nokia
http://networks.nokia.com/sites/default/ﬁles/document/nokia_lte-m_-_optimizing_lte_for_the_internet_of_things_white_paper.pdf
• LTE-M, NB LTE-M, and NB-IoT
http://www.link-labs.com/lte-iot-technologies/
• Lora vs LTE-M vs Sigfox
http://www.nickhunn.com/lora-vs-lte-m-vs-sigfox/
• Weightless for LPWAN
http://www.weightless.org/
• Sebo Platform for Building IoT Products
http://seebo.com/iot-platform/ and http://seebo.com/resources/

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