The Internet of Things (IoT) is advancing at a tremendous rate. By 2020, more than 50 billion intelligent devices are expected to connect to and exchange information over the Internet. This presentation examines the current role of open source software in the IoT build-out and how open source can shape the coming Internet of Things.

1. OPEN SOURCE AND THE INTERNET OF THINGS
Bill Weinberg, Senior Director, Open Source Strategy
© 2014 Black Duck Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Black Duck Software
@LinuxPundit | @black_duck_sw

2. BLACK DUCK OSS LOGISTICS SOLUTIONS
Maximize
OSS Benefits
Time Saving
Automation
Risk
Management
Transparency
Seamless
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Tools
Integration
Control,
Collaboration,
Consistency

3. SPEAKER INTRODUCTION
Bill Weinberg
Senior Director, Open Source Strategy
Black Duck Software
• Helps clients enable, build, and deploy software for intelligent devices,
enterprise data centers and cloud infrastructure
• Working with FOSS since 1998, with thirty years embedded and open
systems, telecommunications, and other technology
• Founding team-member at MontaVista Software – pioneered Linux as
leading platform for intelligent and mobile devices
• Senior Analyst at OSDL (today, the Linux Foundation) – ran
Carrier Grade and Mobile Linux initiatives
• General Manager of the Linux Phone Standards Forum
• Author and speaker on global adoption of Linux to embedded/real-time
computing, application migration, licensing, standards, telecoms
infrastructure and mobile applications.
• Details at http://www.linuxpundit.com/
3 © 2014 Black Duck Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

4. OPEN SOURCE AND THE IOT
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5. HUMAN AND DEVICE POPULATION GROWTH
Cisco, Forrester et al.
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6. OSS AND IOT INTERSECTION: COINCIDENCE OR
CAUSE?
Open
Source
Software and
Hardware
Internet
of Things ?
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7. IOT NODE TYPOLOGY AND CONTINUUM
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8. COMPETING VISIONS FOR IOT SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE
COMPUTE PEERS EVERYWHERE
• 32 and 64-bit processors (over time)
• TCP/IP (IPv6 and 6LoWPAN)
• High-level OSes (Linux et al)
• Advocates
• TEMs, NEPs and other h/w suppliers
• Enterprise ISVs (esp. Cloud) and OSVs
8 © 2014 Black Duck Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

9. COMPETING VISIONS FOR IOT SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE
SMALL IS BEAUTIFUL
• Just enough h/w (4/8/16
bit)
• Mesh networking
• RTOS or No OS
• Advocates
• Specialty chipset vendors
• RTOS suppliers
• Makers
9 © 2014 Black Duck Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

10. COMPETING VISIONS FOR IOT SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE
HYBRID REALITY
• New protocols – local and end-to-end
• Optimization of Internet routing / infrastructure to support
IoT
• Cloud and client device m/w and APIs to speed app
development
• Open source anywhere (but maybe not everywhere)
• 32 and 64-bit CPUs (over time)
• TCP/IP (IPv6 and 6LoWPAN)
• High-level OSes (Linux et al)
• Advocates
• TEMs, NEPs and other h/w suppliers
• Enterprise ISVs (esp. Cloud) and
OSVs
• Just enough h/w (4/8/16
bit)
• Mesh networking
• RTOS or No OS
• Advocates
• Specialty chipset vendors
• RTOS suppliers
• Makers
10 © 2014 Black Duck Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

11. OPEN SOURCE IN THE IOT STACK
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12. IoT
Endpoints
IoT
Infrastructure
Internet
Infrastructure
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Cloud / Data
Center
Client
Devices
Applications
Core Functions
(Sensing,
Actuation), Routing
Aggregation,
Routing, Security
Routing, Security
Domain-specific,
Mash-Ups, BI,
Big Data, etc.
Device Apps and
Web Apps
Platform
Alljoyn, Kura, Mihini, OpenIOT,
OpenRemote, ThingsSpeak
OpenWRT, OSR,
OSRM,
Quagga/Zebra
Amazon, Hadoop,
OpenStack, etc.
Android APIs,
PhoneGap, X-Code
Host OS
None / RTOS
(Contiki, Riot,
TinyOS, VxWorks)
RTOS or Linux RTOS or Linux Linux, Windows
Android, iOS,
Linux, Windows
Protocol
6LoWPAN, CoAP, IEEE802.15, IP
networking, MQTT, proprietary
IP Networking IP Networking IP Networking
Physical
3G/LTE, BACnet, BlueTooth, Ethernet,
Lonworks, WiFi, Zigbee
Ethernet, WAN Ethernet
3G/LTE, Ethernet,
WiFi
H/W
Dedicated H/W
(RFID or 8-32 bit
SoC)
32 bit SoC, NPU,
etc.
32-64 bit SoC,
NPU, etc.
64 bit COTS
Blades
Desktops /
Notebooks,
Tablets, Smart
Phones
Technologies
Mesh Networking/Routing,
Development Tools
SDN
Virtualization /
Containerization,
Tools
Tools and
Frameworks
IOT LAYERS, TECHNOLOGIES AND OSS ROLES

13. HOMEY – POLYGLOT IOT GATEWAY DEVICE
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14. OSS AND IOT ENDPOINTS
Arguments for OSS in IoT
• High unit volumes
• Low unit cost / BoM
• Need for customization
• Rapid innovation
• Global dev community
• Community purview
Against OSS for IoT
• Resource-intensive
• Integration cost
• Deploy and forget
• OEM legacy mindset
• Vertical integrated value-add
• Security concerns
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15. INTELLIGENT DEVICE OSES
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16. WHERE ARE THE IOT OSES?
Contiki ?
Riot ?
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17. TRENDS IN DEVICE OSES
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18. WHY OPEN SOURCE FOR DEVICES?
• Pressure to add value in shrinking timeframes
• Decomposition of vertically-integrated value add
• Velocity of technology change outstrips staffing
• Impractical / costly to sustain in-house platforms
• Interoperability trumps exclusive differentiation
• More devices/protocols “outside” vs. “inside”
• Quest for quality w/o lock-in
• Main reason for OSS deployment no longer cost
• OSS defects:LoC provably lower than proprietary
• Legacy platform differentiation shrinking / vanishing
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19. OPEN SOURCE BUSINESS
AND THE IOT
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20. CORE OPEN SOURCE BUSINESS STRATEGIES
20
Building with OSS
Your Product
or Service
Open Source
Building OSS
Your Product
or Service
Open Source
Building for OSS
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Building on OSS
Your
Business
Open Source
Open Source
Your Product
or Service

21. Category Delivered Product /
Technology
OSS Participation and Focus Participation Motive
IoT Applications
Developers
Cloud/Web/SaaS and Mobile
Apps
Android, Java, PHP, Ruby, node.js,
PhoneGap, Rails, Spring
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Ease app development,
support other businesses
Cloud Infrastructure
Service Providers
Platforms and services for
IaaS and PaaS, pre-integrated
data centers
OpenStack, Cloudstack, Docker,
Linux, KVM, Xen, Ceph, memcached,
etc. Big Data (Hadoop, etc.)
Enable services offerings
Network Infrastructure
OEMs (TEMs, NEPs)
Wireless routers and access
points, edge/access
equipment, firewalls, core
routers, etc.
Linux, Carrier Grade Linux, routing
software, security tools and firewalls,
deep packet inspection, etc.
Accelerate TTM for
devices. free resources
for differentiation
IoT Device &
Infrastructure OEMs
Sensors, cameras, switches,
actuators, RFID, gateways,
mesh routers, etc.
Linux kernel, Contiki, RIOT, Spark,
device drivers, openremote, Tools and
Languages (C, C++, Java, Lua), etc.
Accelerate TTM for
devices. free resources
for differentiation, create
pull for devices with
services
Semiconductor Suppliers
(ARM, ARM licensees,
Intel et al)
CPUs, SoCs, MCUs, network
and graphics chipsets, mobile
chipsets, reference boards
Linux kernel, device drivers,
development tools (GNU, LLVM,
Eclipse, etc.)
Enable and sustain
silicon design wins
IOT NODE CATEGORIES AND BUSINESSES

22. MEETING IOT CHALLENGES
WITH OPEN SOURCE
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23. KEY IOT CHALLENGES
• Security and Privacy
• “State of the Art” in IT today is mediocre
• Constant stream of exploits and breaches
• Open Source community purview imperfect
• Device OEMs, makers, et al. lack expertise
• “Poster Children” OSS Vulnerabilities
• Heartbleed, Shellshock, Poodle
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24. KEY IOT CHALLENGES
• Scalability
• Vision and attempts to scale platforms across IoT nodes
• Need to accommodate diversity
• BoM and device energy budgets
• IPR
• Persistent desire to protect proprietary device IP
• Complex licensing environments around OSS and
proprietary software
• Provenance of data flowing from IoT and derived from it
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25. WHY OSS FOR IOT?
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26. THANK YOU
Additional Content:
The Role of Open Source in Building Out The Internet of
Things - Whitepaper
The Internet of Things and Open Source – Webinar Panel
with speakers from Disney, Qualcomm, and Wipro.
26 © 2014 Black Duck Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved.