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Introduction to-chef
This document introduces Chef, an open-source automation framework for deploying servers and applications across physical, virtual, and cloud infrastructures. It discusses Chef's ability to configure infrastructure in an idempotent and consistent manner. The document also provides an overview of key Chef concepts like recipes, cookbooks, and the Chef server and outlines some best practices around testing and managing dependencies.
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Introduction to-chef
- 1. Introduction to Chef ByLex Kridler
- 2. Lex Kridler Senior Developerat CP+B @lkrids
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- 7. “Chef is asystems and cloud infrastructure automation framework that makes it easy to deploy servers and applications to any physical, virtual, or cloud location, no matter the size of the infrastructure.” http://docs.chef.io/
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- 19. knife bootstrap <ip>-x <username> -P <password> -N <node_name> knife bootstrap <ip> -i <ident_file> Node Setup (manual)
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- 21. Starts with aServer
- 22. Organizations • Contain members •Separate keys • Separate starter kit
- 24. Cookbook - recipes - metadata.rb -files - templates
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- 34. Dependency Management • Berkshelf –Similar to npm, cocoapods, or composer – Created and opensourced by Riot Games • League of Legends
- 35. Bugs (Foodcritic) • Theyare hard to track down • Foodcritic – static analysis of cookbooks – Doesn’t find everything, similar to jshint – Give examples of errors it finds
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- 38. Resources Mobile phone graphic- Created by James Fenton from the Noun Project Chef graphic - Created by Juan Pablo Bravo from the Noun Project Terminal graphic - Created by useiconic.com from the Noun Project
- 39. Next Steps • Notificationsof cookbook updates
- 40. Other Ideas • CombiningChef with Docker or Vagrant to setup reproducible local dev environments • Chef can be used to automate setting up your next workstation
Editor's Notes
- #7 Formerly “Opscode” now just “Chef” “Opscode” is still a good qualifier for Google searches like using “p5” while searching for “processing” the language I will try to use “Opscode” when I’m talking about the company that manages Chef. And I’ll say “Chef” when I mean the framework.
- #8 - I think a good way to initially evaluate a framework is to figure out what problem it solves.
- #10 Installing the latest version of Node.js Advanced Package Manager doesn’t have latest node. Have you use NodeSource’s node.js version maintained by Chris Lea’s PPA (personal package archive). Or installing io.js Now think about doing all that (apt, ppa, installing, etc.) on every environment (dev, stage, prod which is possibly multiple servers). What if you have to reinstall your applications because your server dies? What if you need to setup more servers to handle load?
- #11 Audience poll - how many people have had to setup a new computer? - how many people have at least 5 pieces of software that they would install after getting a new computer from IT? 10? 20? - the right version of git? - 1password - mamp (and if not, then apache/nginx mysql) - rvm - nvm
- #12 - What if you are a front-end dev - Performance matters - Recently lots of extreme techniques for performance improvements as I talked about in my last presentation about images in RWD - one of the more recent front-end architecture performance strategies is inlining critical path css - SYN ACK (rwnd cwnd – number of segments sent in next request) depending on your setup since at least linux kernel version of 2.6.39 (2.6.33 and up you can adjust initrwnd – broadcast value of rwnd) You have ~14k in the first request Before 2.6.39 you had ~5k Even if you don’t inline css, modern browsers make ~6 requests per domain at a single time. Making sure you’re on the right kernel version impacts front-end performance (there are lots of perf optimizations before this).
- #13 What programs are installed, and which versions? What are the characteristics of my machines? State not status. Chef isn’t meant for real-time status monitoring.
- #17 Basically three types of actors in Chef Workstation (local comp), Chef Server (manages nodes, cookbooks, environments, data_bags, and roles), and nodes (the servers) Workstation ----- to --- chef server via Knife Workstation ----- to --- nodes via chef-client When a node updates with the Chef server it is called “convergence”.
- #18 First setup your local machine Workstation needs to have Ruby installed Ran into issues using their update script while using rvm. Had to update as a gem. Install ChefDK (development kit) locally on your workstation Installs everything that you need to develop Chef
- #19 Workstation is setup Now need to setup node
- #20 - Manual install means provisioning the server in ec2. Later show example of provisioning, bootstrapping, and converging node in one step. - Installs it’s own version of Ruby (won’t conflict) Installs chef-client on the node which is used to communicate with the Chef Server
- #21 The Chef Server can be run either on your own server or hosted by Opscode.
- #22 Need somewhere to store your cookbooks so that nodes can access them Authentication Chef uses public/private key authentication When you start with Chef Manage starter kit you get some private keys in order to communicate between your workstation and Chef server.
- #24 Then a cookbook
- #25 Recipes – contains the instructions for the cookbook. These files are written in Ruby and for the most part contain a list of Resources or groups of actions to take on the server. Metadata.rb – This is where dependencies are listed. Also, contains versioning information. Explanatory information about the cookbook including licensing and contact info. Useful when working with Supermarket (github for cookbooks). Files – static files that can be manipulated via the cookbook_file resource (ie. authorized_keys file) Templates – similar to files but can be dynamically created using ERB templating (Erubis implementation). There are other folders and files we won’t cover today
- #28 The Chef Server can be run either on your own server or hosted by Opscode.
- #29 Autopilot one step server creation and deploy
- #30 The Chef Server can be run either on your own server or hosted by Opscode.