1. The document provides an introduction to vehicle electronic systems and fault diagnosis. It discusses the basic components of electronic systems, including electronic control units, sensors, actuators, and cables.
2. It describes the process of electronic system diagnosis and repair, which involves determining the defective component and replacing it, using diagnostic tools and a logical procedure.
3. Several general six-step approaches to diagnostic processes are presented, including collecting evidence, analyzing evidence, locating the fault, finding and rectifying the cause, and testing the repair. Examples of applying these steps are also provided.
Sensors In Automobiles - Information is collected from various sources including Wikipedia,and others.The file above may be a edited or modified version of an already uploaded file on the internet such as on any other website or so.
The document discusses the engine control unit (ECU) and its functions. The ECU uses sensors to monitor systems like the engine, emissions and safety and actuators to control functions like fuel injection. It allows for improved engine performance, emission control and safety compared to conventional systems. Modern vehicles have up to 75 ECUs working together over a network to precisely control and monitor various vehicle functions.
This document summarizes the development of an automatic windshield wiper system that adjusts wiper speed based on rain detection. Traditional wiper systems require the driver to manually adjust speed. The proposed system uses sensors to detect the amount of rain and a microcontroller to automatically control wiper speed. It discusses different sensor types considered, including optical and capacitive sensors, and outlines the design of a capacitive rain sensor system using a stable RC multivibrator circuit. The system is intended to minimize driver distraction and improve safety by automatically adjusting wiper speed during rain.
A short introduction to the common types of sensors used in modern automobiles and their functions. Please note this is only an overview, and does not include ultramodern sensors used in high end cars.
Traction control systems help prevent wheel slippage and maintain traction under acceleration. The document discusses the history of traction control which originated from 4-wheel drive systems and antilock braking systems. It describes different types of traction control systems including limited slip differentials and how they work. Examples are given of traction control systems used in cars, motorcycles, and race vehicles to improve safety and performance by avoiding wheel slip during acceleration and turns.
The document discusses embedded systems in automobiles. It defines embedded systems and describes their characteristics. It then discusses several key automotive systems that use embedded technology like airbags, anti-lock braking systems (ABS), and event data recorders (EDRs). Airbags use sensors to detect crashes and actuators to deploy the airbags at varying levels depending on crash severity. ABS uses wheel speed sensors to detect lockup and controls braking pressure to prevent skidding. EDRs permanently record crash data to help with accident reconstruction. Embedded systems are critical components in modern automotive safety and electronic features.
This document discusses the anti-lock braking system (ABS) in vehicles. It describes how ABS uses electro-mechanical controls to prevent wheels from locking and skidding during braking. It outlines the basic components of ABS including speed sensors, hydraulic modules, and pressure release valves. The document also explains the different types of ABS systems and their advantages in improving braking control and stopping distances, while allowing steering. However, it notes some disadvantages are increased risks, maintenance needs, and costs associated with ABS.
Sensors In Automobiles - Information is collected from various sources including Wikipedia,and others.The file above may be a edited or modified version of an already uploaded file on the internet such as on any other website or so.
The document discusses the engine control unit (ECU) and its functions. The ECU uses sensors to monitor systems like the engine, emissions and safety and actuators to control functions like fuel injection. It allows for improved engine performance, emission control and safety compared to conventional systems. Modern vehicles have up to 75 ECUs working together over a network to precisely control and monitor various vehicle functions.
This document summarizes the development of an automatic windshield wiper system that adjusts wiper speed based on rain detection. Traditional wiper systems require the driver to manually adjust speed. The proposed system uses sensors to detect the amount of rain and a microcontroller to automatically control wiper speed. It discusses different sensor types considered, including optical and capacitive sensors, and outlines the design of a capacitive rain sensor system using a stable RC multivibrator circuit. The system is intended to minimize driver distraction and improve safety by automatically adjusting wiper speed during rain.
A short introduction to the common types of sensors used in modern automobiles and their functions. Please note this is only an overview, and does not include ultramodern sensors used in high end cars.
Traction control systems help prevent wheel slippage and maintain traction under acceleration. The document discusses the history of traction control which originated from 4-wheel drive systems and antilock braking systems. It describes different types of traction control systems including limited slip differentials and how they work. Examples are given of traction control systems used in cars, motorcycles, and race vehicles to improve safety and performance by avoiding wheel slip during acceleration and turns.
The document discusses embedded systems in automobiles. It defines embedded systems and describes their characteristics. It then discusses several key automotive systems that use embedded technology like airbags, anti-lock braking systems (ABS), and event data recorders (EDRs). Airbags use sensors to detect crashes and actuators to deploy the airbags at varying levels depending on crash severity. ABS uses wheel speed sensors to detect lockup and controls braking pressure to prevent skidding. EDRs permanently record crash data to help with accident reconstruction. Embedded systems are critical components in modern automotive safety and electronic features.
This document discusses the anti-lock braking system (ABS) in vehicles. It describes how ABS uses electro-mechanical controls to prevent wheels from locking and skidding during braking. It outlines the basic components of ABS including speed sensors, hydraulic modules, and pressure release valves. The document also explains the different types of ABS systems and their advantages in improving braking control and stopping distances, while allowing steering. However, it notes some disadvantages are increased risks, maintenance needs, and costs associated with ABS.
The document describes a collision warning system with automatic braking for vehicles. It works by using sensors like radar and cameras to detect objects in front of the vehicle. If an object is detected and the speed differential suggests a collision is likely, the system automatically activates the brakes. The document outlines how different manufacturers implement such systems and provides examples of specific systems like Collision Mitigation Brake System (CMBS). It also describes how such a system could work on a motorcycle and includes diagrams of example circuits and components used to build an automatic braking system.
An anti-lock braking system (ABS) prevents wheels from locking up during hard braking by modulating brake pressure. It uses speed sensors to monitor each wheel and an electronic control unit to quickly release and reapply brake pressure as needed. ABS provides improved vehicle control and stopping ability, especially on loose surfaces or during emergency braking and steering maneuvers. It allows the driver to steer during hard braking and improves safety, though ABS systems do increase vehicle costs.
This document provides an overview of electronic control units (ECUs) in automobiles. It describes what an ECU is, its basic hardware components including a microprocessor and sensors, and how it operates using closed-loop control to monitor sensor outputs and control engine inputs. The document also discusses the AUTOSAR architecture for standardized ECU software, and some applications of ECUs like engine mapping and anti-lock braking systems. It notes challenges in designing robust ECUs that can withstand vehicle vibrations and temperature variations.
This document discusses various collision warning and avoidance technologies used in vehicles. It describes forward collision warning that alerts the driver if too close to the vehicle ahead. It also describes rear collision warning, adaptive cruise control, and lane keeping devices. It discusses how collision warning systems monitor speed, distance to the vehicle ahead, and the driving environment. It provides details on the sensors used including radar, lidar, sonar and cameras. It also discusses rear end collisions and technologies used to detect objects behind the vehicle like radar and sonar to warn the driver.
Sensors play an important role in vehicle safety and operation. The document discusses several key sensors in automobiles like steering angle sensors, airbag sensors, parking sensors, brake pedal position sensors, acceleration pedal position sensors and more. These sensors monitor critical components, detect obstacles, measure wheel speed, control automatic functions and help ensure safe driving.
The document presents information about anti-lock braking systems (ABS). It begins with an introduction that defines ABS and describes how it works to improve vehicle control and stopping distances. The document then discusses the history of ABS development from the 1920s to modern systems. It provides details on the working principles of ABS, including how electronic control units and wheel speed sensors allow ABS to continuously monitor and modulate brake pressure to prevent wheel lockup. The document concludes by discussing the advantages of ABS in maintaining vehicle stability and control during braking.
The document discusses electronic fuel injection systems used in modern vehicles. It lists group members and contents, then provides an introduction to electronic fuel injection. It describes the main components of the system, including air induction sensors that provide inputs to the electronic control unit (ECU). The ECU then controls various output actuators like fuel injectors. The document outlines different fuel injection types and discusses each component in more detail. It concludes by listing some advantages of electronic fuel injection over conventional carbureted systems.
This document provides 7 tips for motorcycle maintenance: 1) Check cables regularly for kinks and replace worn ends immediately to avoid hazards; 2) Keep the carburetor clean and get parts cleaned every 1,500 km; 3) Check spokes are tight and replace any that are bent. Also check engine oil level and quality, clean spark plugs regularly, ensure correct tire pressure and chain tension, replace burned-out bulbs, and keep insurance policy valid and in the bike.
A seminar on antilock braking system(ABS)Siddhartha E
ABS prevents wheels from locking up during braking to maintain traction. It consists of wheel speed sensors, a controller, hydraulic modulator, and braking system. The sensors monitor wheel speed and acceleration. The controller receives sensor signals to calculate wheel speed and slippage. It commands the hydraulic modulator to release or apply brake pressure as needed to each wheel. This allows ABS to maximize braking force for shorter stops while maintaining steering control on slippery surfaces.
- Anti-lock braking systems (ABS) help prevent wheel lockup and allow steering control during hard braking. ABS monitors wheel speed and regulates brake pressure to keep wheels rotating just below the lockup point.
- ABS was first developed for aircraft in 1929 but did not see widespread automotive use until the 1970s and 1980s as the technology advanced. By the late 1980s and 1990s, ABS was becoming standard on higher-end cars.
- ABS uses wheel speed sensors and hydraulic valves to regulate brake pressure hundreds of times per minute, allowing steering control even during hard braking on slippery surfaces. This improves vehicle stability and control during emergency braking situations.
The document discusses the Engine Management System and its components that control fuel injection and ignition timing to optimize engine performance while minimizing emissions and fuel consumption. It describes sensors that measure intake air, coolant temperature, manifold pressure, throttle position, engine speed, oxygen content, and more. Electronic control units monitor sensor data to calculate fuel injection pulse width and make adjustments as needed.
Modern day automobile engines are made of many electronic and electrical components that constitute engine sensors, relays and actuators. All these electronic and electrical components work together to provide Engine Control Unit (ECU) with vital data required to govern the engine functionality effectively. Sensors send the information in very less time. Sensors used in engine are generally electro-mechanical type devices that monitor various engine parameters.
The document presents a proposal for an adaptive lighting system for automobiles that uses an LDR sensor and relay circuit to automatically switch between headlights and lower beam lights depending on detecting incoming vehicle lights, including components like an NE555 IC, resistors, capacitors, LEDs, and relay, with the aim of improving safety and visibility during night driving without glare for other drivers. A circuit diagram and implementation plan are provided along with costs estimated at 190 BDT and discussions of the necessity and conclusions.
The document discusses anti-lock braking systems (ABS) which use electronic control to prevent wheels from locking during braking. ABS monitors wheel speed and modulates brake pressure to keep wheels rotating up to 15 times per second to maintain stability and steering control. It describes the basic components of ABS including hydraulic components like valves and accumulators, and electronic components like sensors and control modules. Different types of ABS are also outlined along with the benefits of ABS in increasing vehicle stability and control during braking. More advanced systems like automatic traction control and electronic stability control are also introduced.
On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) Program Overview Zentiz
The document provides an overview of California's On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) program, which requires all vehicles sold in the state to have an on-board computer that monitors components related to vehicle emissions. OBD systems detect malfunctions that could increase emissions and alert the driver with a malfunction indicator light. The program helps ensure vehicles remain clean over their lifetime and enables effective smog check inspections. Key aspects of the OBD program include comprehensive monitoring requirements, standardization of diagnostic information, certification of vehicle OBD systems, and enforcement through in-use testing.
This document provides information about various vehicle systems including suspensions, air conditioning, automatic climate control, automatic wipers, automatic headlamps, electronic seat adjustment and memory, and navigation systems. It describes the components and functions of suspension systems, air conditioning systems, automatic climate control systems, automatic wiper systems that use optical sensors, automatic headlamp systems that use photoelectric sensors, power seats with adjustable lumbar support and memory functions, and automotive navigation systems that use GPS. The document contains detailed descriptions, diagrams, and explanations of how each system works.
What is an Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS)?
History of ABS
Motivation for ABS Development
Principles for ABS Operation
ABS Components
Subaru Impreza ABS Application.
How does ABS work?
Anti-Lock Brake Types
ABS Configurations
Design Challenges
Advantages & Disadvantages
ABS Problems
Automotive Electronics In Automobile | Electronic control unitjignesh parmar
this presentation covers Automotive Electronics Management in Automobile Engineering
It Includes>>
ECU
SENSOR
ACTUAORS
Electronic control unit, a generic term for any embedded system that controls one or more of the electrical systems or subsystems in a motor vehicle
This document discusses various automobile safety systems. It begins by introducing automobile safety and some early studies on improving vehicle safety through seat belts and padded dashboards. It then describes several key active and passive safety systems used in modern vehicles, including airbags, seat belts, anti-lock braking systems, collision warning systems, blind spot detectors, electronic stability control, and cruise control. For each system, it provides a brief explanation of its purpose and functioning to enhance road safety and prevent injuries during accidents.
The document discusses automobile electrical systems, focusing on ignition systems. It describes the major components of ignition systems including spark plugs, distributor, ignition coil, and switch. There are three main types of ignition systems - battery ignition, magneto ignition, and electronic ignition. Battery ignition provides better spark at low speeds but requires battery maintenance. Magneto ignition is more reliable with no battery but not as good at low speeds. Electronic ignition solves problems with mechanical systems like inconsistent spark timing. Ignition timing and advance/retard mechanisms are also covered.
This document describes the assessment requirements for a course on vehicle electronic diagnosis. The assessment consists of two parts:
Part 1 involves a group case study and report diagnosing a fault in a vehicle electronic system model. Students must follow the six step diagnostic process, analyze test data, and submit a written report and 5 minute video presentation.
Part 2 is a group face-to-face discussion to critically analyze the case study and diagnostic process, participate in an ongoing discussion, and show respect for others' viewpoints.
Students will be marked on the structure and content of their written report and video as well as their discussion activity based on criteria addressing critical analysis, participation, and dialogue etiquette.
The document describes a collision warning system with automatic braking for vehicles. It works by using sensors like radar and cameras to detect objects in front of the vehicle. If an object is detected and the speed differential suggests a collision is likely, the system automatically activates the brakes. The document outlines how different manufacturers implement such systems and provides examples of specific systems like Collision Mitigation Brake System (CMBS). It also describes how such a system could work on a motorcycle and includes diagrams of example circuits and components used to build an automatic braking system.
An anti-lock braking system (ABS) prevents wheels from locking up during hard braking by modulating brake pressure. It uses speed sensors to monitor each wheel and an electronic control unit to quickly release and reapply brake pressure as needed. ABS provides improved vehicle control and stopping ability, especially on loose surfaces or during emergency braking and steering maneuvers. It allows the driver to steer during hard braking and improves safety, though ABS systems do increase vehicle costs.
This document provides an overview of electronic control units (ECUs) in automobiles. It describes what an ECU is, its basic hardware components including a microprocessor and sensors, and how it operates using closed-loop control to monitor sensor outputs and control engine inputs. The document also discusses the AUTOSAR architecture for standardized ECU software, and some applications of ECUs like engine mapping and anti-lock braking systems. It notes challenges in designing robust ECUs that can withstand vehicle vibrations and temperature variations.
This document discusses various collision warning and avoidance technologies used in vehicles. It describes forward collision warning that alerts the driver if too close to the vehicle ahead. It also describes rear collision warning, adaptive cruise control, and lane keeping devices. It discusses how collision warning systems monitor speed, distance to the vehicle ahead, and the driving environment. It provides details on the sensors used including radar, lidar, sonar and cameras. It also discusses rear end collisions and technologies used to detect objects behind the vehicle like radar and sonar to warn the driver.
Sensors play an important role in vehicle safety and operation. The document discusses several key sensors in automobiles like steering angle sensors, airbag sensors, parking sensors, brake pedal position sensors, acceleration pedal position sensors and more. These sensors monitor critical components, detect obstacles, measure wheel speed, control automatic functions and help ensure safe driving.
The document presents information about anti-lock braking systems (ABS). It begins with an introduction that defines ABS and describes how it works to improve vehicle control and stopping distances. The document then discusses the history of ABS development from the 1920s to modern systems. It provides details on the working principles of ABS, including how electronic control units and wheel speed sensors allow ABS to continuously monitor and modulate brake pressure to prevent wheel lockup. The document concludes by discussing the advantages of ABS in maintaining vehicle stability and control during braking.
The document discusses electronic fuel injection systems used in modern vehicles. It lists group members and contents, then provides an introduction to electronic fuel injection. It describes the main components of the system, including air induction sensors that provide inputs to the electronic control unit (ECU). The ECU then controls various output actuators like fuel injectors. The document outlines different fuel injection types and discusses each component in more detail. It concludes by listing some advantages of electronic fuel injection over conventional carbureted systems.
This document provides 7 tips for motorcycle maintenance: 1) Check cables regularly for kinks and replace worn ends immediately to avoid hazards; 2) Keep the carburetor clean and get parts cleaned every 1,500 km; 3) Check spokes are tight and replace any that are bent. Also check engine oil level and quality, clean spark plugs regularly, ensure correct tire pressure and chain tension, replace burned-out bulbs, and keep insurance policy valid and in the bike.
A seminar on antilock braking system(ABS)Siddhartha E
ABS prevents wheels from locking up during braking to maintain traction. It consists of wheel speed sensors, a controller, hydraulic modulator, and braking system. The sensors monitor wheel speed and acceleration. The controller receives sensor signals to calculate wheel speed and slippage. It commands the hydraulic modulator to release or apply brake pressure as needed to each wheel. This allows ABS to maximize braking force for shorter stops while maintaining steering control on slippery surfaces.
- Anti-lock braking systems (ABS) help prevent wheel lockup and allow steering control during hard braking. ABS monitors wheel speed and regulates brake pressure to keep wheels rotating just below the lockup point.
- ABS was first developed for aircraft in 1929 but did not see widespread automotive use until the 1970s and 1980s as the technology advanced. By the late 1980s and 1990s, ABS was becoming standard on higher-end cars.
- ABS uses wheel speed sensors and hydraulic valves to regulate brake pressure hundreds of times per minute, allowing steering control even during hard braking on slippery surfaces. This improves vehicle stability and control during emergency braking situations.
The document discusses the Engine Management System and its components that control fuel injection and ignition timing to optimize engine performance while minimizing emissions and fuel consumption. It describes sensors that measure intake air, coolant temperature, manifold pressure, throttle position, engine speed, oxygen content, and more. Electronic control units monitor sensor data to calculate fuel injection pulse width and make adjustments as needed.
Modern day automobile engines are made of many electronic and electrical components that constitute engine sensors, relays and actuators. All these electronic and electrical components work together to provide Engine Control Unit (ECU) with vital data required to govern the engine functionality effectively. Sensors send the information in very less time. Sensors used in engine are generally electro-mechanical type devices that monitor various engine parameters.
The document presents a proposal for an adaptive lighting system for automobiles that uses an LDR sensor and relay circuit to automatically switch between headlights and lower beam lights depending on detecting incoming vehicle lights, including components like an NE555 IC, resistors, capacitors, LEDs, and relay, with the aim of improving safety and visibility during night driving without glare for other drivers. A circuit diagram and implementation plan are provided along with costs estimated at 190 BDT and discussions of the necessity and conclusions.
The document discusses anti-lock braking systems (ABS) which use electronic control to prevent wheels from locking during braking. ABS monitors wheel speed and modulates brake pressure to keep wheels rotating up to 15 times per second to maintain stability and steering control. It describes the basic components of ABS including hydraulic components like valves and accumulators, and electronic components like sensors and control modules. Different types of ABS are also outlined along with the benefits of ABS in increasing vehicle stability and control during braking. More advanced systems like automatic traction control and electronic stability control are also introduced.
On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) Program Overview Zentiz
The document provides an overview of California's On-Board Diagnostics (OBD) program, which requires all vehicles sold in the state to have an on-board computer that monitors components related to vehicle emissions. OBD systems detect malfunctions that could increase emissions and alert the driver with a malfunction indicator light. The program helps ensure vehicles remain clean over their lifetime and enables effective smog check inspections. Key aspects of the OBD program include comprehensive monitoring requirements, standardization of diagnostic information, certification of vehicle OBD systems, and enforcement through in-use testing.
This document provides information about various vehicle systems including suspensions, air conditioning, automatic climate control, automatic wipers, automatic headlamps, electronic seat adjustment and memory, and navigation systems. It describes the components and functions of suspension systems, air conditioning systems, automatic climate control systems, automatic wiper systems that use optical sensors, automatic headlamp systems that use photoelectric sensors, power seats with adjustable lumbar support and memory functions, and automotive navigation systems that use GPS. The document contains detailed descriptions, diagrams, and explanations of how each system works.
What is an Anti-Lock Braking System (ABS)?
History of ABS
Motivation for ABS Development
Principles for ABS Operation
ABS Components
Subaru Impreza ABS Application.
How does ABS work?
Anti-Lock Brake Types
ABS Configurations
Design Challenges
Advantages & Disadvantages
ABS Problems
Automotive Electronics In Automobile | Electronic control unitjignesh parmar
this presentation covers Automotive Electronics Management in Automobile Engineering
It Includes>>
ECU
SENSOR
ACTUAORS
Electronic control unit, a generic term for any embedded system that controls one or more of the electrical systems or subsystems in a motor vehicle
This document discusses various automobile safety systems. It begins by introducing automobile safety and some early studies on improving vehicle safety through seat belts and padded dashboards. It then describes several key active and passive safety systems used in modern vehicles, including airbags, seat belts, anti-lock braking systems, collision warning systems, blind spot detectors, electronic stability control, and cruise control. For each system, it provides a brief explanation of its purpose and functioning to enhance road safety and prevent injuries during accidents.
The document discusses automobile electrical systems, focusing on ignition systems. It describes the major components of ignition systems including spark plugs, distributor, ignition coil, and switch. There are three main types of ignition systems - battery ignition, magneto ignition, and electronic ignition. Battery ignition provides better spark at low speeds but requires battery maintenance. Magneto ignition is more reliable with no battery but not as good at low speeds. Electronic ignition solves problems with mechanical systems like inconsistent spark timing. Ignition timing and advance/retard mechanisms are also covered.
This document describes the assessment requirements for a course on vehicle electronic diagnosis. The assessment consists of two parts:
Part 1 involves a group case study and report diagnosing a fault in a vehicle electronic system model. Students must follow the six step diagnostic process, analyze test data, and submit a written report and 5 minute video presentation.
Part 2 is a group face-to-face discussion to critically analyze the case study and diagnostic process, participate in an ongoing discussion, and show respect for others' viewpoints.
Students will be marked on the structure and content of their written report and video as well as their discussion activity based on criteria addressing critical analysis, participation, and dialogue etiquette.
Report-An Expert System for Car Failure Diagnosis-ReportViralkumar Jayswal
This document describes a proposed expert system for car failure diagnosis. It explains that car failure detection requires expertise and is a complex process. The proposed system would have a knowledge base of 150 rules for different failure types and causes, and could detect over 100 failure types. It was tested and showed promising results. The system would help less experienced mechanics and drivers diagnose issues by capturing expertise in a computer application. It would have components like a knowledge base, inference engine, and user interface to identify failures based on user inputs about symptoms.
Unit testing involves testing individual software units or modules independently. Integration testing combines units and tests their interfaces and interactions. System testing evaluates the full system against requirements. Acceptance testing is done by customers to determine if they will accept the final product. There are four levels of testing - unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing - each with specific objectives to test the software at different stages.
This document provides the details for Assessment 3 of the APTE 7504 Vehicle Electronic Diagnosis course. Students will work in groups to evaluate a vehicle electronic diagnosis case study in a 15 minute presentation. They must follow the generic six step diagnostic process, align symptoms to possible causes, determine appropriate test procedures, compare their diagnosis to the case study, and identify if the case study diagnosis was satisfactory or how it could be improved. Students will be marked on clarity, use of the diagnostic process, fault analysis, test procedures, comparison/conclusion, rectification process, and answering questions. The assessment is worth 30% of the course grade and is due in Week 15.
The document discusses the system development life cycle (SDLC), which consists of 7 phases: preliminary investigation, system analysis, system design, system coding, system testing, system implementation, and system maintenance. It describes each phase in detail. Preliminary investigation involves initial analysis and requirements gathering. System analysis studies the current system and identifies requirements. System design plans the logical and physical models. System coding develops the system code. System testing detects errors. System implementation installs the system. System maintenance checks functionality and makes improvements. The document concludes that following the SDLC phases allows for effective software creation and easy error rectification.
advanced industrial automation and roboticsKunal mane
This document provides an overview of an advanced industrial automation and robotics course. It outlines the course prerequisites, outcomes, and covers topics like automated manufacturing systems, reasons for automating production, basic elements of automated systems, principles of automation, levels of automation, and classification of manufacturing systems. The key topics are automated manufacturing systems, basic elements of an automated system (power, program, control), and levels of automation (manual, semi-automated, automated).
The document outlines a 5-step training package for autonomous maintenance that includes educating operators on machine functions, having operators do initial cleaning and inspections to establish standards, eliminating contamination and inaccessible areas, developing provisional standards, finalizing the standards after management approval, and training operators on the new standards. The goal is to equip operators to identify and address issues themselves through proactive maintenance rather than reactive repairs in order to improve equipment reliability.
This e.book is an introduction to the basic concepts of the Failure Analysis methodology and some of its practical applications.
Why this e.book? During my volunteering for young people Orientation, it happened that we discussed my CV.
One of the guys was in particular interested to the failure analysis.
Then, at home he tried to look for more details, but he was unable to retrieve any introduction , on the web too.
That’s the reason why I decided to reuse some material from my past failure analysis activities to edit this e.book
1. There are several approaches to developing safety-critical systems, with the primary concern being techniques that prevent or minimize hazards, such as interlocks and guards.
2. Lifecycle models describe the phases of development and a safety lifecycle emphasizes safety aspects. Common models include waterfall, iterative/incremental, spiral, and V-model.
3. Key phases of developing safety-critical systems include requirements analysis, hazard and risk analysis, specification, design, implementation/testing of modules, system integration, system verification and validation testing, and certification. Extensive documentation is required to demonstrate safety.
The document provides an overview of predictive maintenance. It discusses predictive maintenance programs which regularly monitor critical equipment using condition monitoring techniques like vibration analysis, thermography, lubrication analysis, ultrasonics, and insulation testing to identify problems. The objectives are to maximize equipment availability, minimize wear, and maintain reliability. Maintenance planning, vibration analysis, performance monitoring, and thermographic analysis techniques are also summarized.
This document discusses the system development life cycle (SDLC), which includes several phases: system study, feasibility study, system analysis, system design, coding, testing, implementation, and maintenance. The system analysis phase involves studying the current system and specifying requirements for a new system. This includes collecting data, conducting interviews, and documenting processes. In system design, tools like flowcharts and data flow diagrams are used to design the new system based on requirements. Then coding converts the design into a program. Testing identifies bugs before implementation in the production environment. Maintenance is needed to fix errors and update the system over time.
This document provides an overview of testing methods for electronic components. It discusses four main testing methods: 1) automated testing which uses computer-controlled equipment to test components efficiently; 2) debugging to detect and fix errors in software; 3) electronic component inspection to check components meet standards; and 4) platform testing to ensure hardware and software work together properly. The document emphasizes the importance of testing components to find problems and ensure quality before and after building circuits. Without testing, electronic equipment may not function correctly or develop failures over time.
This document outlines a project to develop an autonomous bicycle that can travel in a straight line at a constant speed without human intervention. It will use sensors to measure the bicycle's steering angle and tilt, along with motors to control the steering and drive the bicycle forward. The project aims to provide a hands-on learning tool for students in a controls class. It describes the bicycle's components, control system design process using modeling and simulation, qualifications of the team members, budget, and schedule. References on bicycle dynamics and control systems are also included.
The document provides an overview of the eight-step diagnostic process for troubleshooting vehicle issues. It describes the steps as: 1) verifying the problem, 2) performing visual inspections and basic tests, 3) retrieving diagnostic trouble codes, 4) checking for technical service bulletins, 5) examining scan tool data, 6) narrowing the problem to a specific system or cylinder, 7) repairing the issue and determining the root cause, and 8) verifying that the repair addressed the original problem. The document also discusses tools like scan tools and methods for clearing diagnostic trouble codes.
Rom-Control offers electronic and process control equipment management services to help companies reduce equipment downtime and maintenance costs. This includes auditing a company's installed equipment and spare parts, identifying critical assets, and developing an asset maintenance program and spare parts strategy. Rom-Control can also provide repair/exchange programs, equipment refurbishment, and spare parts management to increase reliability and reduce capital expenditures.
The document discusses the stages of the system development life cycle (SDLC), including feasibility studies, system analysis, systems design, development, implementation, and maintenance. It provides details on the objectives and processes involved in each stage, such as defining requirements, designing system components, acquiring or developing software, testing the system, training users, and periodically evaluating systems once implemented.
The document summarizes the origins and development of portable emissions measurement systems (PEMS) by Leo Breton. It describes how Breton was motivated to create PEMS due to limitations of laboratory testing, including that it did not reflect real-world driving conditions. Major technical challenges included measuring exhaust flow rates of moving vehicles and miniaturizing equipment. PEMS enabled "blind" real-world vehicle emissions testing and applications in areas like lawnmowers and power plants. The system helped identify emissions issues and informed regulatory programs.
The document discusses methodology for maintenance, specifically preventive maintenance. It describes four main functions of maintenance as maintaining, keeping in existing condition, preserving, and protecting from failure or decline. Preventive maintenance is classified as either corrective or preventive. Preventive maintenance aims to prevent or mitigate failures from occurring and can be time-directed, condition-directed, or failure-finding. The document also discusses reliability centered maintenance and its features, including preserving system function over equipment. It outlines the seven-step methodology for implementing reliability centered maintenance on systems.
Similar to Introduction to Vehicle Electronic Systems and Fault Diagnosis (20)
This document provides an overview of oscilloscopes and scan tools, which are two main types of tools used for vehicle electronic system diagnosis. It describes how oscilloscopes are used to measure voltage signals over time and the importance of adjusting settings like time base, voltage per division, and triggers. It also explains how scan tools interface with a vehicle's OBD port to retrieve diagnostic trouble codes and sensor/actuator data. Videos and web resources are provided to demonstrate the proper use of these diagnostic tools.
This document provides information about an online course on vehicle electronic diagnosis. It discusses the topics that will be covered each week, including vehicle systems, controllers and communications, diagnostic tools, sensors and actuators. The course aims to develop skills in analysing faults in electronic systems. It will examine the design of vehicle electronic systems and teach a six-step process for diagnosing problems. Students will learn about components, networking, tools like oscilloscopes and scan tools, and key sensors and actuators. Group activities are planned to reinforce the concepts.
This document provides an introduction to intelligent control and fuzzy logic. It begins by defining intelligent control and distinguishing it from classical control. Intelligent control does not require an accurate mathematical model of the system being controlled. The document then introduces fuzzy logic, explaining that it aims to model human reasoning which is approximate rather than binary. It describes the basic components of a fuzzy logic system including fuzzy sets, membership functions, if-then rules and the fuzzy inference process. Finally, it provides examples of how these components come together in a Mamdani-style fuzzy inference system.
This document outlines a marking rubric for a mini-project in a digital control systems course. It evaluates four areas: presentation, report, management, and teamwork effectiveness. Each area contains multiple criteria that are scored on a scale of 0 to 1, with 0 being very poor and 1 being very good. Factors considered include organization, content, methodology, results, and team collaboration. The total possible marks are calculated by weighting each criteria based on its importance.
EE323 Mini-Project - Line tracing robotPraneel Chand
This document outlines a mini-project assignment to design a controller for a LEGO robotic guided vehicle. Students are asked to: 1) Develop a mathematical model of the vehicle; 2) Design a digital controller using control theory; 3) Implement the controller on the LEGO NXT brick using RobotC software. The controller must meet performance requirements for guiding the vehicle in a straight line and along curved paths. Students will submit a report and presentation on their work.
EE312_ Control System Engineering_Moodle_PagePraneel Chand
This document contains information about the EE312: Control System Engineering course, including announcements, lecture materials, and lab information. The course provides an introduction to control systems engineering, covering topics such as mathematical modeling, block diagram representation, transducers, and using programmable logic controllers. Students will learn the fundamentals of modeling dynamic systems and designing controllers, and will complete a mini-project in the labs involving PLCs starting in week 5. The document contains materials to support learning these key concepts through lectures, tutorials, videos, and lab activities focused on modeling, transducers, and programming PLCs.
This assessment requires students to present on the design, operation, and diagnosis of a vehicle electronic system. Students will research and evaluate one system such as smart airbags, adaptive lighting, climate control, or adaptive cruise control. The 15-minute PowerPoint presentation must address the latest technologies, design components and diagrams, purpose and relationship to other systems, potential malfunctions and effects, and future trends. Students will be marked on clarity, creativity, content coverage, and ability to answer questions.
Multisensor Fusion and Integration - presPraneel Chand
Multisensor fusion and integration refers to combining data from multiple sensors to provide more reliable information. There are three types of fusion: complementary fusion resolves incomplete sensor data; competitive fusion reduces effects of uncertain measurements; cooperative fusion refines estimates from one sensor using data from another. Multisensor fusion combines data into a common format during integration to assist systems in achieving goals. Common architectures convert sensor data to a shared representation and fuse data at different levels from signals to symbols. [/SUMMARY]
2. Vehicle Systems
• Motor vehicles remain fundamentally unchanged e.g. engines have
pistons, brakes have discs or drum, suspension has springs etc
• Much of the work done by service technicians is traditional –
checking brakes, oil and filter change etc
• Service work is done to avoid faults or diagnose car owner problems
• Just because modern cars are fitted with electronic devices, it doesn’t
mean they can’t be remedied or assumed that they are the cause of
the problem
3. Vehicle Systems (cont)
• Typical service tasks for modern car
shows ‘traditional’ nature of work
• If a technician does this properly –
safely, methodically & thoroughly,
with proper checks at appropriate
stages,
• He/she possesses some important
attributes needed to service or
diagnose electronically controlled
systems
Service task list [1]
4. Basic Components of Vehicle Electronic
Systems
• A typical vehicle electronic system has
some basic elements
• Electronic control unit (ECU)
• Sensors
• Actuators
• Cables (connecting the elements together)
• There are many types of electronic
systems in a vehicle body
• Door & lighting systems, battery
management, climate control, ABS,
traction control, ESP, smart airbags, etc
• You will learn these systems in depth in
weeks 5-8
Computer
Actuators
Sensors
Processing
Cables
Inputs Outputs
Basic elements of an electronic system
5. Basic Components of Vehicle Electronic
Systems - ECUs
• ECU is central to the operation of the system because it holds the
computing capacity to enable the system to function
• Several ECUs are linked to each other via a communications network
• Knowledge of ECUs and how they operate is important for vehicle
electronic system diagnosis
• You will learn about this in week 2
6. Basic Components of Vehicle Electronic
Systems - Sensors
• Devices that ‘sense’ some physical quantity and produce an electrical
response to represent the quantity
• E.g. wheel speed sensors in ABS
• By looking at samples of types of sensors, general knowledge of
sensors needed for examining and troubleshooting can be obtained
• You will learn about this in week 4
7. Basic Components of Vehicle Electronic
Systems - Actuators
• In vehicles these are usually electro-mechanical devices which use the
electrical outputs from the ECU to perform tasks or actions
• E.g. a solenoid can be used in a cruise control actuator
• Some actuators are purely electrical e.g. transistors and relays in
lighting systems
• By looking at samples of types of actuators, general knowledge of
actuators needed for examining and troubleshooting can be obtained
• You will learn about this in week 4
8. Basic Components of Vehicle Electronic
Systems – Student Activity 1
• In groups, discuss some other elements/components which you think
are needed in vehicle electronic systems
www.flickr.com
9. Electronic System Diagnosis and Repair
• Individual components such as ECU, some sensors and actuators are
not designed to be repaired in garages
• Main function of technician is to determine the defective component
in the system and replace that component correctly.
• Actual method for testing depends on the diagnostic system of the
car
• Onboard diagnostics (e.g. OBDII scan tools) or off-board diagnostics
e.g. oscilloscopes or multimeters or a mix of both can be used
• You will learn about scan tools and scopes in Week 3.
10. Electronic System Diagnosis and Repair
• Diagnostic systems point the operator to an area in which the defect
lies. It does not necessarily mean that a particular component in
system is defective
• It is important to be methodical and unwise to start testing things
randomly or try changing parts in the hope to fix the problem by
chance
• In short, the necessary knowledge for diagnostics is in two parts:
• An understanding of the system in which the problem exists
• The ability to apply a logical diagnostic routine
11. Electronic System Diagnosis and Repair
• It is important to be clear about two definitions:
• Symptom(s) – what the user of the system (vehicle) notices
• Fault – the error in the system that causes the symptom(s)
Symptom The effect of a fault noticed by the driver or technician
Fault The cause of the symptom/problem
Root cause This may be the same as the fault, but in some cases it can
be the cause of it
Diagnostics The process of tracing a fault by means of its symptoms,
applying knowledge and analysing test results
Knowledge The understanding of a system that is required to diagnose
faults
Logical procedure A step-by-step method used to ensure nothing is missed
Concern, cause,
correction
A reminder of the process starting from what the driver
reports, to the correction of the problem
Report A standard format for the presentation of results
Diagnostic terminology [4]
12. General Six Step Approach for Diagnostics [1]
(Bonnick)
• An organised and common-sense approach to problem solving is
given below [1]:
1. Collect evidence.
2. Analyse evidence.
3. Locate the fault.
4. Find the cause of the fault and remedy it.
5. Rectify the fault (if different from 4).
6. Test the system to verify that repair is correct.
• Certain steps can be recursive and it may be necessary to refer back
to previous steps as one proceeds to a solution
• Refer to the notes and [1] for more details of each step
13. General Six Step Approach for Diagnostics -
Example
• Consider the case of a vehicle with an engine that fails to start. The six
steps could be:
• Notice that the tasks in each step require an understanding of the system. Also
notice the cause (root cause) and the fault are different in this example
Step Task(s)
1 Is it a flat battery? Has it got fuel, etc.?
2 If it appears to be a flat battery, what checks can be applied, e.g. switch on the headlamps.
3 Assume that it is a flat battery.
4 What caused the battery to become discharged?
5 Assume, in this case, that the side and tail lights had been left on. So, in this case, recharging
the battery would probably cure the fault.
6 Testing the system would, in this case, probably amount to ensuring that the vehicle started
promptly with the recharged battery. However, further checks might be applied to ensure that
there was not some permanent current drain from the battery.
14. Alternative Six Step Approach [2],[4] (Denton
Method)
• An alternative (similar) routine for
diagnostics is illustrated on the
right.
• Steps 3 and 4 form a loop within
the larger loop until the fault is
located. Using a logical method
saves time and effort
1. Verify
Check the fault
is as described
2. Collect
Get more
information
3. Evaluate
Stop and think
logically
4. Test
Measure and
compare
5. Rectify
Fix the fault,
replace the
part
6. Check
Make sure
other systems
still work
Six-stage diagnostic process
15. Six Steps and Three C’s
• The six steps form the three C’s (concern, cause, correction) in the
automotive repairs and diagnostics process. Their relationship is
shown below:
Six-stage process CCC
Verify Concern
Collect
CauseEvaluate
Test
Rectify
Correction
Check
Six-stage process and CCC comparison
16. Alternative Six Step Approach [2],[4] (Denton
Method) - Example
• After connecting a hosepipe to the tap and turning on the tap, no water comes
out of the end. Your knowledge of this system tells you that water should come
out providing the tap is on. The following stages of the diagnostic process are
required:
Step Task(s)
1 Confirm that no water is coming out by looking down the end of the pipe.
2 Does water come out of the other taps, or did it come out of this tap before you
connected the hose?
3 Consider what this information tells you, for example, the hose must be blocked or
kinked.
4 Walk the length of the pipe looking for a kink.
5 Straighten out the hose.
6 Check that water now comes out and that no other problems have been created.
17. Alternative Six Step Approach [2],[4] (Denton
Method) – Student Activity 2
• After turning on my computer the screen is blank. Use your
knowledge of computers to complete the stages of the diagnostic
process:
Step Task(s)
1
2
3
4
5
6
www.flickr.com
18. Alternative Six Step Approach [2],[4] (Denton
Method) – Student Activity 3
• In the notes, Figure 3 illustrates an eight-step diagnostic procedure
for vehicle systems [3]
• In groups, rearrange/classify these 8 steps into the six step general
diagnostic process.
www.flickr.com
19. Electronic System Diagnosis and Repair
• You will learn how to diagnose various vehicle electronic systems later
on in the semester (weeks 9-13)
• You will learn about the scope and of the rectification (repair) process
in the last weeks of the semester
20. References
• [1] A. W. M. Bonnick, Vehicle Electronic Systems and Fault Diagnosis A
Practical Guide for Vehicle Technicians. NY: Routledge, 2013. (ebook in
Unitec library)
• [2] T. Denton, Automobile Electrical and Electronic Systems:
automotive technology: vehicle maintenance and repair. NY:
Routledge, 2012. (available in Unitec library)
• [3] J. D. Halderman, Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive
Electrical, Electronic, and Computer Systems. NJ: Pearson, 2012.
(available in Unitec library)
• [4] T. Denton, Advanced Automotive Fault Diagnosis: automotive
technology: vehicle maintenance and repair. NY: Routledge, 2012.