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Introduction to Free Open Source Software Licenses Harley D. Pascua @leypascua http://ph.linkedin.com/in/leypascua
Disclaimer All information in this presentation are from my own research and understanding of open source license mechanics and technicalities.  The Open Source Initiative and Free Software Foundation have nothing to do with this presentation. I am not an open source or free software expert.  Just to be sure, hire a lawyer*.
Free, Open Source   What is Software?
Free Software is like Free Beer X
It is nothing close to a freebie.
Free  software has  a license that ensures certain There are four freedoms in free software. freedoms *
Freedom to Run the program for any purpose
Freedom to Study how the program works,  and adapt it to your needs
Freedom to Redistribute copies so  you can help your peers
Freedom to Write and release improvements So the community benefits
Free, Open Source  Software Promises ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
What’s stopping Open Source? ?
You can’t use open source It may compromise intellectual property
You can’t use open source It lacks integration with existing infrastructure.
You can’t use open source It lacks certification, there are no warranties.
You can’t use open source You don’t have the culture to govern it.
You can’t use open source You love proprietary software so much that you need expensive training to learn it.
There are supporting factors that encourage Open Source adaptation.
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Consider Open Source  When you have modular software components
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Consider Open Source  When you want to leverage expert peer reviews
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Consider Open Source  When you want code that is readily assessable and available.
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Consider Open Source  If you want to test and experiment with very low cost.
Consider Open Source  And use it to reduce the risk of vendor lock-in.
Make the move to open source. T he big guys are playing.
 
The light is  GREEN for open source. Save money and provide stability. No forced upgrades. Have rights to the code. Reach a skilled community of developers.
The light is  GREEN for open source. Save money and provide stability. No forced upgrades. Have rights to the code. Reach a skilled community of developers.
80% of all commercial software will contain open source code. By 2010
Open source is defined by ten sections. Read them carefully.
Free Distribution. Free software must be distributed freely. 1
Free Source Code. Source code must be readily available. 2
Derived Works. Allow modifications and combined works to be distributed. 3
Integrity of Code. “ Unofficial" changes can be made available  but readily distinguished from the base source  4
All People Have Rights. Diverse people and groups should have equal rights  to the free software. 5
Rights for All Endeavors. Free software shall not restrict its use for any  specific industry or effort. 6
Distribution of License. The rights attached to the program must apply to all to whom the program is redistributed  7
Not Specific to a  Product. The license must not be restricted to a specific product distribution.  8
Must Not Restrict Other Software. The license must not insist that all software distributed with an open source software must be open source. 9
License Must Be  Technology Neutral. No provision of the license may be predicated on any individual technology or style of interface.  10
You can distribute software in three ways. Make copies on physical media, send files through the wire or open it for subscription.
Derived works. Know what it means. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Modifying, combining and linking* to existing code into a new body of work is a derived work. *Be safe. Treat static and dynamic linking the same way.
Open Source licenses offer different levels of freedom. ,[object Object]
Permissive Licenses  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],You can use, modify and redistribute the code in your product  but give credit back to the original authors.
Weakly Protective Licenses  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Mostly File or Derivative based conditions
Strongly Protective Licenses  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Derivative works remain under original license.
You can’t just mix and match software licenses They have to be compatible.
License Compatibility A license  p  is compatible with a license  q   (or is  q-compatible ) if and only if: A work licensed under  p  can be distributed under the terms of  q . “ ”
Watch out for GPL Compatibility! It can make or break your business strategy.
GPL Accounts for many highly active and usable open source projects. ,[object Object],[object Object],It pays to be GPL compatible*.
It pays to check the label.* ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Drawing the Line Between GPL Compatible and Incompatible Licenses
These are GPL Compatible Licenses ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
These are NOT GPL Compatible. ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
License Compatibility
Can You Re-License? It depends on how the derived work was created. Use of the Software Permissive Weakly-Protective Strongly-Protective Derivative Work (modified, copied code) YES DEPENDS NO Combined Work (static/dynamic linking) YES YES NO Derivative and Combined Work YES DEPENDS NO
GPL Violation Case: Cisco ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The Free Software Foundation accused Cisco of violating the terms of GPL. It eventually released the source code, costing the company millions of dollars.
GPL Compatibility   is most important when you plan to distribute a version of a  derived  work.
MIT/X11 License ,[object Object],Originates from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
BSD License ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Originally used for the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD), a Unix-like operating system after which the license is named
Apache Public License (APL) ,[object Object]
GNU Library (or Lesser) General Public License (LGPL) ,[object Object],[object Object]
Mozilla Public License (MPL) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The Source Code version of Covered Code may be distributed only under the terms of this License or a future version
GNU General Public License (GPL) ,[object Object],[object Object]
Affero GNU General Public License ,[object Object]
To Sum Up ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
References ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Introduction To Open Source Licenses

  • 1. Introduction to Free Open Source Software Licenses Harley D. Pascua @leypascua http://ph.linkedin.com/in/leypascua
  • 2. Disclaimer All information in this presentation are from my own research and understanding of open source license mechanics and technicalities. The Open Source Initiative and Free Software Foundation have nothing to do with this presentation. I am not an open source or free software expert. Just to be sure, hire a lawyer*.
  • 3. Free, Open Source What is Software?
  • 4. Free Software is like Free Beer X
  • 5. It is nothing close to a freebie.
  • 6. Free software has a license that ensures certain There are four freedoms in free software. freedoms *
  • 7. Freedom to Run the program for any purpose
  • 8. Freedom to Study how the program works, and adapt it to your needs
  • 9. Freedom to Redistribute copies so you can help your peers
  • 10. Freedom to Write and release improvements So the community benefits
  • 11.
  • 13. You can’t use open source It may compromise intellectual property
  • 14. You can’t use open source It lacks integration with existing infrastructure.
  • 15. You can’t use open source It lacks certification, there are no warranties.
  • 16. You can’t use open source You don’t have the culture to govern it.
  • 17. You can’t use open source You love proprietary software so much that you need expensive training to learn it.
  • 18. There are supporting factors that encourage Open Source adaptation.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23. Consider Open Source And use it to reduce the risk of vendor lock-in.
  • 24. Make the move to open source. T he big guys are playing.
  • 25.  
  • 26. The light is GREEN for open source. Save money and provide stability. No forced upgrades. Have rights to the code. Reach a skilled community of developers.
  • 27. The light is GREEN for open source. Save money and provide stability. No forced upgrades. Have rights to the code. Reach a skilled community of developers.
  • 28. 80% of all commercial software will contain open source code. By 2010
  • 29. Open source is defined by ten sections. Read them carefully.
  • 30. Free Distribution. Free software must be distributed freely. 1
  • 31. Free Source Code. Source code must be readily available. 2
  • 32. Derived Works. Allow modifications and combined works to be distributed. 3
  • 33. Integrity of Code. “ Unofficial" changes can be made available but readily distinguished from the base source 4
  • 34. All People Have Rights. Diverse people and groups should have equal rights to the free software. 5
  • 35. Rights for All Endeavors. Free software shall not restrict its use for any specific industry or effort. 6
  • 36. Distribution of License. The rights attached to the program must apply to all to whom the program is redistributed 7
  • 37. Not Specific to a Product. The license must not be restricted to a specific product distribution. 8
  • 38. Must Not Restrict Other Software. The license must not insist that all software distributed with an open source software must be open source. 9
  • 39. License Must Be Technology Neutral. No provision of the license may be predicated on any individual technology or style of interface. 10
  • 40. You can distribute software in three ways. Make copies on physical media, send files through the wire or open it for subscription.
  • 41.
  • 42.
  • 43.
  • 44.
  • 45.
  • 46. You can’t just mix and match software licenses They have to be compatible.
  • 47. License Compatibility A license p is compatible with a license q (or is q-compatible ) if and only if: A work licensed under p can be distributed under the terms of q . “ ”
  • 48. Watch out for GPL Compatibility! It can make or break your business strategy.
  • 49.
  • 50.
  • 51. Drawing the Line Between GPL Compatible and Incompatible Licenses
  • 52.
  • 53.
  • 55. Can You Re-License? It depends on how the derived work was created. Use of the Software Permissive Weakly-Protective Strongly-Protective Derivative Work (modified, copied code) YES DEPENDS NO Combined Work (static/dynamic linking) YES YES NO Derivative and Combined Work YES DEPENDS NO
  • 56.
  • 57. GPL Compatibility is most important when you plan to distribute a version of a derived work.
  • 58.
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  • 66.