This document provides an overview of open source software. It defines open source software as software that is freely distributed, includes source code, allows modifications, and allows redistribution of modified versions. By 2015, 80% of commercial software will contain open source code. Open source software must meet certain criteria to be considered open standard, including having no secrets, being freely available, and not requiring agreements to deploy. Features of open source include free redistribution, availability of source code, allowing derived works, and non-discrimination. Common open source licenses include the GNU GPL, Mozilla Public License, and IBM Public License. Pros of open source include low costs, greater security and quality, and continuity. Cons can include a lack of structure and

1. OPEN SOURCE
SOFTWARE
Sarvesh Maurya
Lucky Jain
Guided By-
Vikas Sir

2. What is Open Source Software?
• The program must be freely distributed.
• Source code must be included.
• Anyone must be allowed to modify the source code.
• Modified versions can be redistributed.
• The license must not require the exclusion of other software
or interfere with the operation of other software.

3. Open Source
By 2015, 80% of all
commercial software
will contain open source code.

4. The “Open” Standard
• To comply with the Open Standards Requirement, an
"open standard" must satisfy the following criteria. If an
"open standard" does not meet these criteria, it will be
discriminating against open source developers.
• No Intentional Secrets: The standard MUST NOT withhold any detail
necessary for interoperable implementation. As flaws are inevitable,
the standard MUST define a process for fixing flaws identified during
implementation and interoperability testing and to incorporate said
changes into a revised version or superseding version of the standard
to be released under terms that do not violate the OSR.
• Availability: The standard MUST be freely and publicly available (e.g.,
from a stable web site) under royalty-free terms at reasonable and
non-discriminatory cost.

5. The “Open” Standard (continued)
• Patents: All patents essential to implementation of the standard
MUST:
• be licensed under royalty-free terms for unrestricted use, or
• be covered by a promise of non-assertion when practiced by open
source software
• No Agreements: There MUST NOT be any requirement for
execution of a license agreement, NDA, grant, click-through, or any
other form of paperwork to deploy conforming implementations of
the standard.
• No OSR-Incompatible Dependencies: Implementation of the
standard MUST NOT require any other technology that fails to
meet the criteria of this Requirement.

6. Features of Open Source
• 1. Free Redistribution
• 2. Source Code
• 3. Derived Works
• 4. Integrity of The Author's Source Code
• 5. No Discrimination Against Persons or Groups
•

7. Features of Open Source (Continued)
• 6. No Discrimination Against Fields of Endeavor
• 7. Distribution of License
• 8. License Must Not Be Specific to a Product
• 9. License Must Not Restrict Other Software
• 10. License Must Be Technology-Neutral

8. History
• The Free Software Movement was started in 1983 but was
later called Open Source Software because its more appealing
to the corporate world.
• Software developers release OSS to allow users to see how
their software works and build upon the software.
• The ultimate goals of OSS is to let the finished product be
more understandable, modifiable, and accessible while it is
still valuable

9. Urban Myths
• Open Source is just a way to publish – No
• Open Source is Public Domain – No
• Open Source is Viral – Not Necessarily
• Open Source is Immune from Patent Rights – No

10. How The Open Source Software is developed

11. COMMON
LICENSES

12. The GNU “General Public
License” (GPL)
No standard open source license, but GPL most widely
used (roughly 85% of open source software);
Terms include:
1.User freedom to distribute and/or modify
2.Requirement that original and modified source
code be always made available to the world under
the terms of the original license
3.Must retain copyright notices and warranty
disclaimers
4.Does not include grant of patent licenses

13. The Mozilla Public License
Terms include:
1. Very similar to the GPL but,
Can charge royalties for modified
versions
2. Can include source code within larger works
licensed under different license types, thus license
does not ‘infect’ all downstream projects
3. Must retain copyright notices and warranty disclaimers
4. May provide additional warranties to downstream
users but may have to indemnify original developer
for any claims arising as a result
5. Include grant of patent licenses

14. The IBM Public License
• Terms include:
• User freedom to distribute and/or modify;
• No requirement for source code availability in
downstream distribution
• The program can be distributed in executable form thus
allowing downstream users to develop, sell, and install
customized software packages without having to make
all customizations available to the world
• Must retain all copyright notices and warranty
disclaimers

15. More common License
• BSD/MIT/Apache Style License:
• More permissive licenses
• Generally allow freer distribution, modifying, and license
change; much like public domain software
• No future open source requirement
• May require attribution
• Variants may include non-standard restrictions
• E.g., no military use – but not OSI-compliant
• Disclaims Warranties
• Subject to third-party patent claims

16. Using a GNU License
• In order to comply with GNU standards, an author must
include some things with the source code
• A Copyright statement, with the year the program was finished
• A permissions statement saying the program is released under
the GNU or Lesser GPL
• A copy of the GPL License itself

17. Example GPL Copyright statement

18. Leading OSS
 Open Office
 Implementation of Microsoft’s Office
 Ubuntu
 An Operating system
 Gimp
 Implementation of Adobe Photoshop
 Apache Server
 Most popular HTTP web server used

19. Open Source vs. Other Types
• Closed Source
• The source is private and owned by someone. Usually you’d have
to pay for the source code if its even for sale.
• Freeware
• Free software. It has nothing to do with the source code being
available or not.
• Source Available
• The source is available to look at, but not modify or distribute.
Allows users to understand how the software is working.

20. Open Source Pros
○ Take control of your software
○ Low cost Ownership
○ Less marketing and overall cost goes into making OSS
○ Greater Security & Quality
○ Continuity

21. Open Source Cons
• There aren’t really any rules or steps to follow when
developing. The lack of stages in developing can lower
productivity in the long run.
• Larger projects can become overwhelming to an unorganized
group of programmers trying to develop OSS.
• Open source solutions may require additional development to
enable integration with an existing proprietary environment.
Some open source solutions may never work well with
established proprietary products

22. OPEN SOURCE IN
GENERAL

23. SOURCES
• Wikipedia.org
• Opensource.org
• Gnu.org
• Howstuffworks.com/question438.htm
• Book (Google books)
V., Mikko. The Rise of Open Source Licensing : A Challenge to the
Use of Intellectual Property in the Software Industry

24. Thank You
If you have any query please ask