This document provides an introduction to open innovation and the concept of openness. It defines invention and innovation, closed innovation and open innovation, and the differences between open source and open innovation. Open innovation is described as using both internal and external ideas and paths to market to advance technology. The document discusses how open innovation benefits from external ideas and partnerships but also presents challenges in balancing internal and external contributions and managing intellectual property. It provides examples of open innovation adoption across different industries.
Startup Building Blocks, Challenges, and Pitfalls From Formation to Growth | ...UCICove
About UCI Applied Innovation:
UCI Applied Innovation is a dynamic, innovative central platform for the UCI campus, entrepreneurs, inventors, the business community and investors to collaborate and move UCI research from lab to market.
About the Cove @ UCI:
To accelerate collaboration by better connecting innovation partners in Orange County, UCI Applied Innovation created the Cove, a physical, state-of-the-art hub for entrepreneurs to gather and navigate the resources available both on and off campus. The Cove is headquarters for UCI Applied Innovation, as well as houses several ecosystem partners including incubators, accelerators, angel investors, venture capitalists, mentors and legal experts.
Follow us on social media:
Facebook: @UCICove
Twitter: @UCICove
Instagram: @UCICove
LinkedIn: @UCIAppliedInnovation
For more information:
cove@uci.edu
http://innovation.uci.edu/
Manufacturing Innovation Model | Has Patel | Lunch & Learn UCICove
About UCI Applied Innovation:
UCI Applied Innovation is a dynamic, innovative central platform for the UCI campus, entrepreneurs, inventors, the business community and investors to collaborate and move UCI research from lab to market.
About the Cove @ UCI:
To accelerate collaboration by better connecting innovation partners in Orange County, UCI Applied Innovation created the Cove, a physical, state-of-the-art hub for entrepreneurs to gather and navigate the resources available both on and off campus. The Cove is headquarters for UCI Applied Innovation, as well as houses several ecosystem partners including incubators, accelerators, angel investors, venture capitalists, mentors and legal experts.
Follow us on social media:
Facebook: @UCICove
Twitter: @UCICove
Instagram: @UCICove
LinkedIn: @UCIAppliedInnovation
For more information:
cove@uci.edu
http://innovation.uci.edu/
IP Due Diligence-What Investors Want To See | Quan Nguyen | Lunch & Learn UCICove
About UCI Applied Innovation:
UCI Applied Innovation is a dynamic, innovative central platform for the UCI campus, entrepreneurs, inventors, the business community and investors to collaborate and move UCI research from lab to market.
About the Cove @ UCI:
To accelerate collaboration by better connecting innovation partners in Orange County, UCI Applied Innovation created the Cove, a physical, state-of-the-art hub for entrepreneurs to gather and navigate the resources available both on and off campus. The Cove is headquarters for UCI Applied Innovation, as well as houses several ecosystem partners including incubators, accelerators, angel investors, venture capitalists, mentors and legal experts.
Follow us on social media:
Facebook: @UCICove
Twitter: @UCICove
Instagram: @UCICove
LinkedIn: @UCIAppliedInnovation
For more information:
cove@uci.edu
http://innovation.uci.edu/
“Distributed Perspectives on Innovation: Open Innovation, User Innovation and Beyond.” Keynote talk given 5 May 2010 at the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, for workshop entitled “New Forms of Collaborative Production and Innovation: Economic, Social, Legal and Technical Characteristics and Conditions”
Startup Building Blocks, Challenges, and Pitfalls From Formation to Growth | ...UCICove
About UCI Applied Innovation:
UCI Applied Innovation is a dynamic, innovative central platform for the UCI campus, entrepreneurs, inventors, the business community and investors to collaborate and move UCI research from lab to market.
About the Cove @ UCI:
To accelerate collaboration by better connecting innovation partners in Orange County, UCI Applied Innovation created the Cove, a physical, state-of-the-art hub for entrepreneurs to gather and navigate the resources available both on and off campus. The Cove is headquarters for UCI Applied Innovation, as well as houses several ecosystem partners including incubators, accelerators, angel investors, venture capitalists, mentors and legal experts.
Follow us on social media:
Facebook: @UCICove
Twitter: @UCICove
Instagram: @UCICove
LinkedIn: @UCIAppliedInnovation
For more information:
cove@uci.edu
http://innovation.uci.edu/
Manufacturing Innovation Model | Has Patel | Lunch & Learn UCICove
About UCI Applied Innovation:
UCI Applied Innovation is a dynamic, innovative central platform for the UCI campus, entrepreneurs, inventors, the business community and investors to collaborate and move UCI research from lab to market.
About the Cove @ UCI:
To accelerate collaboration by better connecting innovation partners in Orange County, UCI Applied Innovation created the Cove, a physical, state-of-the-art hub for entrepreneurs to gather and navigate the resources available both on and off campus. The Cove is headquarters for UCI Applied Innovation, as well as houses several ecosystem partners including incubators, accelerators, angel investors, venture capitalists, mentors and legal experts.
Follow us on social media:
Facebook: @UCICove
Twitter: @UCICove
Instagram: @UCICove
LinkedIn: @UCIAppliedInnovation
For more information:
cove@uci.edu
http://innovation.uci.edu/
IP Due Diligence-What Investors Want To See | Quan Nguyen | Lunch & Learn UCICove
About UCI Applied Innovation:
UCI Applied Innovation is a dynamic, innovative central platform for the UCI campus, entrepreneurs, inventors, the business community and investors to collaborate and move UCI research from lab to market.
About the Cove @ UCI:
To accelerate collaboration by better connecting innovation partners in Orange County, UCI Applied Innovation created the Cove, a physical, state-of-the-art hub for entrepreneurs to gather and navigate the resources available both on and off campus. The Cove is headquarters for UCI Applied Innovation, as well as houses several ecosystem partners including incubators, accelerators, angel investors, venture capitalists, mentors and legal experts.
Follow us on social media:
Facebook: @UCICove
Twitter: @UCICove
Instagram: @UCICove
LinkedIn: @UCIAppliedInnovation
For more information:
cove@uci.edu
http://innovation.uci.edu/
“Distributed Perspectives on Innovation: Open Innovation, User Innovation and Beyond.” Keynote talk given 5 May 2010 at the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, for workshop entitled “New Forms of Collaborative Production and Innovation: Economic, Social, Legal and Technical Characteristics and Conditions”
User innovation: learning from creative consumersIan McCarthy
Users have long been identified as important sources of innovation. This includes innovations from intermediate users (i.e., when companies are the users) and consumer users (i.e., when individuals who are users). In this talk I will introduce one particular type of innovating consumer user – the creative consumer. These are individuals who adapt, modify and hack existing propriety offerings, as opposed to creating completely new products. Then, together we will explore the characteristics of different examples of creative consumers and examine how companies can identify, acquire and leverage the innovation-related knowledge produced by such users.
Applying Innovation in Software DevelopmentAmish Gandhi
Sometimes the only difference between the winners and the losers is that the winners figure out how to innovate. Innovation is a broad term and this presentation outlines what it means for enterprises and companies involved in developing software. This presentation highlights how innovation can be applied at various stages of software product development and in different ways by applying special techniques, tools and frameworks.
Note: This was also a QCon Shanghai Keynote Talk. Full talk up at http://www.infoq.com/cn/presentations/business-innovation
Perpetual website: http://www.perpetualny.com
Open innovation fast forward seminar jg 2013Alan Scrase
Open Innovation Seminar (29th January 2013):
The “Open Innovation” paradigm is being widely proclaimed as the answer to the issues of expediting commercial success from technology and strengthening industrial competitiveness. However, the term can mean different things to different people according to their sector of industry, place in value chain, and company size. Open innovation sounds very attractive in theory, but in practice, unless well planned by all participants, can give rise to some unanticipated logistical and management issues. Different real scenarios from the speaker’s experience are presented and discussed.
Dr. James Green
Director of Intellectual Property, Ilika plc
Dr Green graduated from Bristol University. He has 42 years experience of innovation and IP. Initially, in industry and contract research, he was later appointed Secretary of the CBI Research & Technology Committee. In 1984, he joined Research Corporation’s venture with 3i plc. He then moved to Ohio as Vice President, Competitive Technologies Inc, returning later to Britain at ANGLE Technology. He relocated to the US in 2001, as Director of Development at Cumberland Pharmaceuticals Inc. Returning to the UK, he set up Seges Development Company Ltd, and is currently Director of Intellectual Property at Ilika plc.
A User's Perspective: Innovating Smarter with Invention Machine GoldfireIHS Goldfire
Customer Co-Host: Mr. William (Bill) Hessler; Mechanical Engineer Leader, Seasoned Innovator & Patent Holder; CSC in Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD
Description: Learn how to take the "hit or miss" out of your product innovation processes from a seasoned innovator and patent holder, Mr. William (Bill) Hessler. Hear first-hand what Bill has learned through more than 14 years of designing next-generation technologies, solving root causes, mining patents and improving existing products at Fortune 1000 and mid-sized industrial and medical manufacturing companies, by applying Goldfire and basic TRIZ principles to his research.
During this informative webinar, you will learn:
* Best practices Bill uses to boost his daily innovation productivity, more rapidly solve problems, and generate breakthrough solutions
* Real world applications of Goldfire
* When to apply the software, the types of problems it helps solve, and the successes achieved as a result
* ...and much more!
E4 Advanced Transportation Center | Michael Boehm, Wallace Walrod, Scott Kitc...UCICove
About UCI Applied Innovation:
UCI Applied Innovation is a dynamic, innovative central platform for the UCI campus, entrepreneurs, inventors, the business community and investors to collaborate and move UCI research from lab to market.
About the Cove @ UCI:
To accelerate collaboration by better connecting innovation partners in Orange County, UCI Applied Innovation created the Cove, a physical, state-of-the-art hub for entrepreneurs to gather and navigate the resources available both on and off campus. The Cove is headquarters for UCI Applied Innovation, as well as houses several ecosystem partners including incubators, accelerators, angel investors, venture capitalists, mentors and legal experts.
Follow us on social media:
Facebook: @UCICove
Twitter: @UCICove
Instagram: @UCICove
LinkedIn: @UCIAppliedInnovation
For more information:
cove@uci.edu
http://innovation.uci.edu/
Improving Competitiveness in Croatian Enterprises - MINPO - Zadar - Croatia -...Burton Lee
Talk given by Burton Lee at 'XIX NATIONAL COUNSELLING ON ECONOMY AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP' conference organized by Croatian Ministry of Entrepreneurship and Crafts (MINPO), April 18 2015, in Zadar, Croatia.
Website: www.StanfordEuropreneurs.org
Twitter: @burtonlee, @europreneurs
What Startups Should Do To Protect Their Big Mobile Application Idea? The Imp...Thomas O. Dubuisson
In today's knowledge economy, intellectual property rights (hereafter "IP") are very important and powerful.
Unfortunately for (young) entrepreneur's, it's not always the first thing that will cross your mind when you start a business. Indeed, you get excited by your project, you have a multitude of activities and issues that you have to deal with, you start to spread your idea everywhere, etc.
These lines (pages) will help you to be aware of the crucial importance of IP in your business (plan). You should strongly consider all these specific IP tools (patent, trademark, design protection, copyright, etc) before launching your mobile app.
Profiting from innovation in the digital economy teece 2018James Cracknell
David Teece's 1986 seminal work' Profiting from Innovation' set out a framework highly relevant to trhe industrial age but not so specific to address the digital landscape of today. The 2018 version has just done that. These are notes and musings from reading the paper, extracting valuable insight into IP and appropriations that protect. IOt also addresses the issues of how we reward the inventor in a permiable society,
Open Innovation, Open Source, Intellectual Property and business valueJoren De Wachter
What is Open Innovation? How is it different from Open Source? What is the role of Intellectual Property?
And how to create business value in an age of changing paradigms.
User innovation: learning from creative consumersIan McCarthy
Users have long been identified as important sources of innovation. This includes innovations from intermediate users (i.e., when companies are the users) and consumer users (i.e., when individuals who are users). In this talk I will introduce one particular type of innovating consumer user – the creative consumer. These are individuals who adapt, modify and hack existing propriety offerings, as opposed to creating completely new products. Then, together we will explore the characteristics of different examples of creative consumers and examine how companies can identify, acquire and leverage the innovation-related knowledge produced by such users.
Applying Innovation in Software DevelopmentAmish Gandhi
Sometimes the only difference between the winners and the losers is that the winners figure out how to innovate. Innovation is a broad term and this presentation outlines what it means for enterprises and companies involved in developing software. This presentation highlights how innovation can be applied at various stages of software product development and in different ways by applying special techniques, tools and frameworks.
Note: This was also a QCon Shanghai Keynote Talk. Full talk up at http://www.infoq.com/cn/presentations/business-innovation
Perpetual website: http://www.perpetualny.com
Open innovation fast forward seminar jg 2013Alan Scrase
Open Innovation Seminar (29th January 2013):
The “Open Innovation” paradigm is being widely proclaimed as the answer to the issues of expediting commercial success from technology and strengthening industrial competitiveness. However, the term can mean different things to different people according to their sector of industry, place in value chain, and company size. Open innovation sounds very attractive in theory, but in practice, unless well planned by all participants, can give rise to some unanticipated logistical and management issues. Different real scenarios from the speaker’s experience are presented and discussed.
Dr. James Green
Director of Intellectual Property, Ilika plc
Dr Green graduated from Bristol University. He has 42 years experience of innovation and IP. Initially, in industry and contract research, he was later appointed Secretary of the CBI Research & Technology Committee. In 1984, he joined Research Corporation’s venture with 3i plc. He then moved to Ohio as Vice President, Competitive Technologies Inc, returning later to Britain at ANGLE Technology. He relocated to the US in 2001, as Director of Development at Cumberland Pharmaceuticals Inc. Returning to the UK, he set up Seges Development Company Ltd, and is currently Director of Intellectual Property at Ilika plc.
A User's Perspective: Innovating Smarter with Invention Machine GoldfireIHS Goldfire
Customer Co-Host: Mr. William (Bill) Hessler; Mechanical Engineer Leader, Seasoned Innovator & Patent Holder; CSC in Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD
Description: Learn how to take the "hit or miss" out of your product innovation processes from a seasoned innovator and patent holder, Mr. William (Bill) Hessler. Hear first-hand what Bill has learned through more than 14 years of designing next-generation technologies, solving root causes, mining patents and improving existing products at Fortune 1000 and mid-sized industrial and medical manufacturing companies, by applying Goldfire and basic TRIZ principles to his research.
During this informative webinar, you will learn:
* Best practices Bill uses to boost his daily innovation productivity, more rapidly solve problems, and generate breakthrough solutions
* Real world applications of Goldfire
* When to apply the software, the types of problems it helps solve, and the successes achieved as a result
* ...and much more!
E4 Advanced Transportation Center | Michael Boehm, Wallace Walrod, Scott Kitc...UCICove
About UCI Applied Innovation:
UCI Applied Innovation is a dynamic, innovative central platform for the UCI campus, entrepreneurs, inventors, the business community and investors to collaborate and move UCI research from lab to market.
About the Cove @ UCI:
To accelerate collaboration by better connecting innovation partners in Orange County, UCI Applied Innovation created the Cove, a physical, state-of-the-art hub for entrepreneurs to gather and navigate the resources available both on and off campus. The Cove is headquarters for UCI Applied Innovation, as well as houses several ecosystem partners including incubators, accelerators, angel investors, venture capitalists, mentors and legal experts.
Follow us on social media:
Facebook: @UCICove
Twitter: @UCICove
Instagram: @UCICove
LinkedIn: @UCIAppliedInnovation
For more information:
cove@uci.edu
http://innovation.uci.edu/
Improving Competitiveness in Croatian Enterprises - MINPO - Zadar - Croatia -...Burton Lee
Talk given by Burton Lee at 'XIX NATIONAL COUNSELLING ON ECONOMY AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP' conference organized by Croatian Ministry of Entrepreneurship and Crafts (MINPO), April 18 2015, in Zadar, Croatia.
Website: www.StanfordEuropreneurs.org
Twitter: @burtonlee, @europreneurs
What Startups Should Do To Protect Their Big Mobile Application Idea? The Imp...Thomas O. Dubuisson
In today's knowledge economy, intellectual property rights (hereafter "IP") are very important and powerful.
Unfortunately for (young) entrepreneur's, it's not always the first thing that will cross your mind when you start a business. Indeed, you get excited by your project, you have a multitude of activities and issues that you have to deal with, you start to spread your idea everywhere, etc.
These lines (pages) will help you to be aware of the crucial importance of IP in your business (plan). You should strongly consider all these specific IP tools (patent, trademark, design protection, copyright, etc) before launching your mobile app.
Profiting from innovation in the digital economy teece 2018James Cracknell
David Teece's 1986 seminal work' Profiting from Innovation' set out a framework highly relevant to trhe industrial age but not so specific to address the digital landscape of today. The 2018 version has just done that. These are notes and musings from reading the paper, extracting valuable insight into IP and appropriations that protect. IOt also addresses the issues of how we reward the inventor in a permiable society,
Open Innovation, Open Source, Intellectual Property and business valueJoren De Wachter
What is Open Innovation? How is it different from Open Source? What is the role of Intellectual Property?
And how to create business value in an age of changing paradigms.
Have you ever asked yourself how can you leverage open source for selling your products or services, attracting talent and innovating? In the first part of this lecture I’ll give a historical context about how open source has transformed the Software industry and changed the way we develop, collaborate, communicate, organize and think about business values. In the second part I will talk about open source opportunities, challenges and what it means to successfully plan and implement an open source project from the practical side. I will also share my own Open Source management experience at Intuit.
Warp #2 tomasz klekowski - do etnographers create technology - customer cen...hub:raum Krakow
Tomasz Klekowski (Business GTM Director EMEA, Intel Corporation) – „Do etnographers create technology? - customer centric innovation at Intel” is a presentation from WARP #2 – hub:raum’s turbo acclerator for CEE startups taking place in Krakow twice a year.
Apply for the next edition! www.hubraum.com/apply (select “Krakow” and “Accelerator”).
More information: www.hubraum.com/warp
Professor Wim Vanhaverbeke, University of Hasselt, Belgium, presented the InterTradeIreland Innovation Lecture entitled "Open Innovation Fails Because Companies Are Not Prepared to Open Up!" at the Whitaker Institute on 8th May 2014
Prof Shane Greenstein of Harvard Business School talks about his new book, How the Internet Became Commercial, at the Digital Initiative's Future Assembly.
Distributed Perspectives on Innovation (UC Berkeley Aug 2010)Joel West
Revised slides for talk given August 31, 2010 at the UC Berkeley Center for Open Innovation, in the Open Innovation Speaker Series. Book references are hot-linked. See http://openinnovation.haas.berkeley.edu/speaker_series.html for the context
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THE FRONTIERS OF MONOPOLIZATION OF HUMAN GENESSaravanan A
This research work critically examines the current trends and future feasibility of gene patents with the help of most celebrated Myriad Genetics Gene Patent Case.
IPR in Traditional Knowledge and Bio –Diversity: Protection, Issues and Possi...Saravanan A
This work discusses on both defensive as well as assertive ways of giving IPR protection for Traditional Knowledge. It also identify the flaws in the Biodiversity Conservation Act, 2002.
Conservation of Medicinal Plants in Western Ghats through Sacred Groves: Pate...Saravanan A
This work briefly reviews the statistics of sacred groves conserving medicinal plants in Western Ghats and also explores the challenges in conserving Sacred Groves.
Synopsis On Annual General Meeting/Extra Ordinary General Meeting With Ordinary And Special Businesses And Ordinary And Special Resolutions with Companies (Postal Ballot) Regulations, 2018
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This guide aims to provide information on how lawyers will be able to use the opportunities provided by AI tools and how such tools could help the business processes of small firms. Its objective is to provide lawyers with some background to understand what they can and cannot realistically expect from these products. This guide aims to give a reference point for small law practices in the EU
against which they can evaluate those classes of AI applications that are probably the most relevant for them.
Lifting the Corporate Veil. Power Point Presentationseri bangash
"Lifting the Corporate Veil" is a legal concept that refers to the judicial act of disregarding the separate legal personality of a corporation or limited liability company (LLC). Normally, a corporation is considered a legal entity separate from its shareholders or members, meaning that the personal assets of shareholders or members are protected from the liabilities of the corporation. However, there are certain situations where courts may decide to "pierce" or "lift" the corporate veil, holding shareholders or members personally liable for the debts or actions of the corporation.
Here are some common scenarios in which courts might lift the corporate veil:
Fraud or Illegality: If shareholders or members use the corporate structure to perpetrate fraud, evade legal obligations, or engage in illegal activities, courts may disregard the corporate entity and hold those individuals personally liable.
Undercapitalization: If a corporation is formed with insufficient capital to conduct its intended business and meet its foreseeable liabilities, and this lack of capitalization results in harm to creditors or other parties, courts may lift the corporate veil to hold shareholders or members liable.
Failure to Observe Corporate Formalities: Corporations and LLCs are required to observe certain formalities, such as holding regular meetings, maintaining separate financial records, and avoiding commingling of personal and corporate assets. If these formalities are not observed and the corporate structure is used as a mere façade, courts may disregard the corporate entity.
Alter Ego: If there is such a unity of interest and ownership between the corporation and its shareholders or members that the separate personalities of the corporation and the individuals no longer exist, courts may treat the corporation as the alter ego of its owners and hold them personally liable.
Group Enterprises: In some cases, where multiple corporations are closely related or form part of a single economic unit, courts may pierce the corporate veil to achieve equity, particularly if one corporation's actions harm creditors or other stakeholders and the corporate structure is being used to shield culpable parties from liability.
Defending Weapons Offence Charges: Role of Mississauga Criminal Defence LawyersHarpreetSaini48
Discover how Mississauga criminal defence lawyers defend clients facing weapon offence charges with expert legal guidance and courtroom representation.
To know more visit: https://www.saini-law.com/
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Every year, thousands of Minnesotans are injured in car accidents. These injuries can be severe – even life-changing. Under Minnesota law, you can pursue compensation through a personal injury lawsuit.
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In 2020, the Ministry of Home Affairs established a committee led by Prof. (Dr.) Ranbir Singh, former Vice Chancellor of National Law University (NLU), Delhi. This committee was tasked with reviewing the three codes of criminal law. The primary objective of the committee was to propose comprehensive reforms to the country’s criminal laws in a manner that is both principled and effective.
The committee’s focus was on ensuring the safety and security of individuals, communities, and the nation as a whole. Throughout its deliberations, the committee aimed to uphold constitutional values such as justice, dignity, and the intrinsic value of each individual. Their goal was to recommend amendments to the criminal laws that align with these values and priorities.
Subsequently, in February, the committee successfully submitted its recommendations regarding amendments to the criminal law. These recommendations are intended to serve as a foundation for enhancing the current legal framework, promoting safety and security, and upholding the constitutional principles of justice, dignity, and the inherent worth of every individual.
Introduction to open innovation and understanding the concept of openness
1. INTRODUCTION TO OPEN
INNOVATION &
UNDERSTANDING THE CONCEPT
OF OPENNESS
SARAVANAN A
PhD Candidate,
Rajiv Gandhi School of Intellectual Property Law,
IIT KHARAGPUR
3. Disclaimer:
• Images, content, and published articles are
for reference and illustrative purposes only.
Under no circumstances should any image,
logo, content or article be viewed as an
endorsement for this presentation or any of
its contents. This presentation is intended
for educational purposes only.
3
4. Introduction:
• Many ways internet has changes our lives
• IT- digitalized: Rampant duplication
– Napster, Torrent- Millions of users to download
billions of audio and videos
• Many legislations were brought to control
• Technological advance- Two Phases
– Invention & Innovation
4
5. • What is the difference between
invention and innovation according to
you?
Question:
Source: www.inaray.com
5
6. Difference between Invention
and Innovation:
Invention Innovation
Creation of something new Novelty and modernization
Only invention Invention + Exploitation
(individuals and organizations generate
new ideas and put them into practice
Concern is a singular product or process Involves an amalgamation of various
products and process
E.g: Invention of MP3 Player Development of iPod
6
7. MP3 v Apple iPod:
7
Vs
Source: http://www.sevenforums.com Source: www.theipodrenaissance.files.wordpress.com
8. New Forms of Managing Innovation:
• Innovation
process divided
into different
phases.
• Each phases
requires distinct
management.
Source: http://furtyop.myblog.it/ 8
9. Closed Innovation:
• Closed Process
• Project can enter in one
way and can only exit in
one way, by going into
market
• Organizations generate,
develop, and
commercialize their own
ideas belongs to the closed
innovation model
• All the activities
performed internally
Source: H Chesbrough, Open Business Models
9
10. Cont…
• It is based on control.
• During 1970s and 80s IT cos invested
– Eg IBM, Xerox
• With the transformation of society
– Information-based, Knowledge-intensive, and Service-
driven economy
• Business rules shifted radically
– Closed Innovation- obsolete
• Cos to take step to open up their innovation
philosophies 10
11. Open Innovation:
• “A paradigm that
assumes that firms can
and should use
external ideas as well
as internal ideas, and
internal and external
paths to market as the
firms look to advance
their technology”
• Henry Chesbrough
Source: H Chesbrough, Open Business Models
11
12. What is the Difference - Practical Approach
Benefits of the sandpit:
•You don’t have to pay for all the toys
•You can use the toys others don’t want
•You can negotiate to play with other toys
•You can play alone or together
Rules of the sandpit:
•The toys must be shared
•You can’t have it all your way
•You must behave yourself
Closed Innovation Open Innovation
Source: http://www.pbase.com
Source: http://www.excellenceincare.com.au
12
14. Modes of open innovation
Inbound
Outbound
Pecuniary Non-pecuniary*
Direction
Financial flows
IP in-licensing
Contracted R&D services
Specialized open
Innovation intermediaries
Idea & start-up competitions
Supplier innovation awards
University research
grants
Joint-venture activities
Spin-offs
Corporate business incubation
Selling market-ready
products
IP out-licensing
Customer & consumer
Co-creation
Crowdsourcing
Publically funded
R&D consortia
Informal networking
Participation
in standardization
(public standards)
Donations to
commons
or nonprofits
* Without full compensation
Source: Managing Open Innovation in Large Firms, H. Chesbrough, S. Brunswicker, 2013
14
15. Kinds of OI:
Outside-in OI
• Opening up a co’s own innovation processes to
many kinds of external Inputs and contributions.
• ‘Not-invented-here’ into an outside-in OI
– E.g: Bring 100s of researchers around the world to
supplement you R & D activities.
– Cos acquire inventions or IP from other cos
15
16. Inside-out OI:
• How organizations can allow unused and under-
utilized ideas to go outside the organizations for
others to use in their businesses and markets
– E.g: Unused patents and other IP to external users.
– Patents are often underused- more than half of Dow's
patents were unutilized.
16
17. Difference between Open Source and OI:
Open Source:
• Started during 1970s, even before OI
– Software vendors- impossible to change what they have
developed
• MIT researcher Richard Stallman came up with
the concept ‘support and sharing’ philosophy
• Creates project GNU and founded Free Software
Foundation
– First Success- LINUX OS (now used in all android)
• Open Source Initiative- born in California.
17
18. Open Source Open Innovation
Objects involved: Software Any type of product or service
Economic Legal Framework: - Defined
•Provides framework for economic exchange
and an IP policy
Framework Change- case by case
Weight:
•No such intermediaries
•Code may be done via computer servers
Often dictated by a large company or defined
through a specialized intermediary
Diversity:
OS covers software development or
improvement
Diversity is huge.
Cos use OI for upstream projects (ideation, ideas
competition), as well as problem solving,
improving existing products, mounting research
projects
18
20. Where Open Source and Open
Innovation Part Ways?
• Some firms involvement in OS fits the Chesbrough
definition of OI.
– It doesn’t mean “all OS Software is an eg for all OI”
• Scenario of using OI in Computer industry has
increased
– Because computer vendors are relied upon 3rd party
supplier
• Important Milestone- in 1980s
• IBM had decided to source their PC, CPU and OS
from Intel and Microsoft.
20
21. In certain cases OS and OI are
overlap each other
1) OS but not OI:
• OS is OI only if it has a business model.
• OS is not OI if it has any non-pecuniary
motivations
– Eg: GNU Project.
2) OI but not OS:
• 'Wintel' PC using Windows and Intel components
represent OI.
• It lowered barriers to entry, of numerous 'PC
Clone' makers. 21
22. 3) Neither OS nor OI:
• Norm - Use of independent software vendors
(ISVs) for external innovations.
• In some cases, firms doing it in other direction,
becoming increased integrated- decreasing the
relative importance of third party application
providers.
– Eg: i) Microsoft has integrated downstream from OS
into applications such as Windows, Money and SQL
Server
– ii) Intuit- adding additional services such as loans- to
extend its quicken financial management software.
Cont…
22
23. • OS is having profound impact on IT value creation and
capture,
– But it is too soon to say what effect OS, OI will have upon
proprietary alternatives
Source: J. West and S. Gallagher
23
24. Benefits of OI:
• Up gradation: Adopting global technologies –
wider source of innovation.
• Acquire patent without in house expertise.
• Leverage R&D developed on someone budget .
• Instant solutions: Found & adopted immediately.
• Constant reinvention: Constant renewing of
technology which may be difficult to achieve with
in-house R&D.
24
25. Cont…
• Improved payback on internal R&D through sale
or license of otherwise unused IP.
• Strategic experiments at lower risk & resources,
with the opportunity to extend core business &
create new sources of growth.
• Create innovative culture, from the ‘outside in’
through continued exposure & relationships with
external innovators.
25
26. Challenges for OI:
• What is the appropriate balance of
internal/external technology?
• What competencies should we invest in & control
externally? How should others be acquired?
• How do we make quantum leaps in innovation?
• How do we integrate board room deal making
with other types of advance technology
collaboration?
• Licensee may become a competitor?
• Theft of IP?
26
27. Adoption of OI across different
Industries:
Source: Managing Open Innovation in Large Firms, H. Chesbrough, S. Brunswicker, 2013
27
31. Closed Innovation Open Innovation
• IP Generators of new technologies- mainly
companies
• IP- barrier to entry- not source of revenue
Variety of IP generators and collaborators –
other companies, public universities and
R&D institutions, users, customers,
suppliers.
Huge IP non-performing portfolios
Companies usually selling but not buying
Active IP asset management of the
companies’ IP portfolio – matching
technologies with innovative (inside or
external) business models to add value to
IP
IPRs (advantage – no confusion about IP
ownership)
• More proactive assertion of IP policy
• Development of Intermediate IP Markets –
semiconductors, biotechnology, chemicals
and consumer products and Innovation
Intermediaries (facilitators)
IP valuation method – Discounted Cash
Flow– ‘Net Present Value’ of the technology
Use of More complex IP Valuation methods-
‘Real Option’
Models of Innovation and IP:
31
32. Unanswered Questions?
• How innovation researchers were hired?
• What incentives they were offered for their
inventions?
• What is the strategy of the firm was towards
the technologies being patented?
All of these important influences are
determined by managerial decisions.
32
Due to popularity of OS collaboration software firms embrace open innovation only, when there is no alternatives. Also firms faced risks of collaborating & others. Four strategies of OI in software that addressed unique combination and exploitation of innovation from multiple sources.