The document discusses the origins and history of the English language. It notes that English originated from different languages spoken in the British Isles, including English, Gaelic, Welsh, and Gaelic. It then discusses the origins and meanings of common English surnames, noting that many come from place names, nicknames, occupations, or familial relationships. As an example, it analyzes the surname "Lancaster," tracing its meaning to a fort on the River Lune in Lancashire, England. The document encourages students to research the history and meaning of their own surnames.

1. English LanguageEnglish Language
Unit 2Unit 2
“The English language is nobody's special property. It is
the property of the imagination: it is the property of the
language itself. ”
Derek Walcott

2. What assumptions do you makeWhat assumptions do you make
from these phrases?from these phrases?
1.1. Yo my nigga! Wanna pop a cap in yo ass?Yo my nigga! Wanna pop a cap in yo ass?
2.2. I’ll ‘ave a nice ‘ot cuppa wiv me ol’ Mum, then.I’ll ‘ave a nice ‘ot cuppa wiv me ol’ Mum, then.
3.3. I bin down to see my auntie and that mob.I bin down to see my auntie and that mob.
4.4. That car was totally out of control, man. It hit the kerb and damn nearThat car was totally out of control, man. It hit the kerb and damn near
mounted the sidewalk.mounted the sidewalk.
5.5. The complainant shall now take the stand.The complainant shall now take the stand.
6.6. Eh, Daryl, canya move the Camira, to get to the Commodore, so I can takeEh, Daryl, canya move the Camira, to get to the Commodore, so I can take
the Torana out?the Torana out?
7.7. Look o my god Habib this is fully sick. I love fat pizza! I always watches it.Look o my god Habib this is fully sick. I love fat pizza! I always watches it.
8.8. Don’t be a complete and utter fool, my good man.Don’t be a complete and utter fool, my good man.

3. What is good & bad English?What is good & bad English?
 Hey, broHey, bro –– thas fully sik!thas fully sik!
 I really enjoyed that.I really enjoyed that.

4. OrganisationOrganisation
 Be on timeBe on time
 Attend all classesAttend all classes
 Please bring to every class:Please bring to every class:
 Study guideStudy guide
 Pencil case with scissors, glue, highlighters, rulerPencil case with scissors, glue, highlighters, ruler
etcetc
 Your folder with paper/workbook - and/or laptopYour folder with paper/workbook - and/or laptop
 If using a laptop for notes you will still need aIf using a laptop for notes you will still need a
plastic display book for handoutsplastic display book for handouts
 Your textbookYour textbook
 Do your homeworkDo your homework

5. HomeworkHomework

6. Course Outline & AssessmentCourse Outline & Assessment
 Unit 2:Unit 2: Language ChangeLanguage Change
 Outcome 1 (50%): English Across Time - poster andOutcome 1 (50%): English Across Time - poster and
short research reportshort research report
 Outcome 2 (50%): Englishes Across the Globe -Outcome 2 (50%): Englishes Across the Globe -
research reportresearch report
 CChapter revision testshapter revision tests
 UUp-to-date workbook / set of notesp-to-date workbook / set of notes
 HHomeworkomework
 End of unit examinationEnd of unit examination

7. Taking Good NotesTaking Good Notes
 Label pages/file names with Chapter Headings andLabel pages/file names with Chapter Headings and
numbersnumbers
 Use clear headings – keep them consistent with your textUse clear headings – keep them consistent with your text
book for easy cross referencebook for easy cross reference
 Use subheadingsUse subheadings
 Use dot points, white space & some colour/ bold fontsUse dot points, white space & some colour/ bold fonts
 Use common abbreviations and symbolsUse common abbreviations and symbols
 Keep your notes up to dateKeep your notes up to date
 CCatch up if you’ve been absentatch up if you’ve been absent

8. File managementFile management
 Make a new folderMake a new folder nownow in your Documents orin your Documents or
My Documents folder:My Documents folder:
 English LanguageEnglish Language. Inside that…….. Inside that…….
 New folder:New folder: Unit 2Unit 2. Inside that…….. Inside that…….
 New folder:New folder: Chapter 8Chapter 8
 Continue to make new folders as neededContinue to make new folders as needed
throughout the term.throughout the term.
 Logical file names (notLogical file names (not Document 1Document 1))
 ““Losing your file” not an acceptable optionLosing your file” not an acceptable option
 Backup is compulsory and up to you.Backup is compulsory and up to you.

9. Where did English come from?Where did English come from?
The British Isles
England - English
Scotland - Gaelic
Wales - Welsh
Ireland - Gaelic
The United Kingdom or
UK
Great Britain / British
Capital city is ?????
The whole lot would fit
into the state of
Victoria……..
British IslesBritish Isles

10. Where did English come from?Where did English come from?
Label England on
your map, and
colour it in red or
pink.
Glue it in your
workbook, or place it
into your display
book.

11. Where did English come from?Where did English come from?

12. Label England on your map, and colour it in red orLabel England on your map, and colour it in red or
pink. Glue into your workbook or place into yourpink. Glue into your workbook or place into your
display folder.display folder.

13. English surnamesEnglish surnames
 Tell us about the history of the EnglishTell us about the history of the English
languagelanguage
 Whites first settled Australia in the 1700s.Whites first settled Australia in the 1700s.
 Australia was a penal colony for convictsAustralia was a penal colony for convicts
from England.from England.
 Free settlers from Britain and other placesFree settlers from Britain and other places
followed in the 1800s.followed in the 1800s.
 Many Australians have an EnglishMany Australians have an English
surname…..surname…..

14. Most English surnames come ultimately from one of fourMost English surnames come ultimately from one of four
sources:sources:
1. Place names1. Place names e.g. Lincoln, Lancaster,e.g. Lincoln, Lancaster,
Worthington, Cornwall, Devon, Carlisle,Worthington, Cornwall, Devon, Carlisle,
Cumberland, Ireland, Oxford, Burton…Cumberland, Ireland, Oxford, Burton…
Attwood (Attwood (at the woodat the wood), Milhouse (), Milhouse (househouse
at the millat the mill), Wheelhouse, Bush, Marsh,), Wheelhouse, Bush, Marsh,
Highmount, Woodland, North, NordbyHighmount, Woodland, North, Nordby
((by the north)by the north), Sutherland, Sotheby (, Sutherland, Sotheby (byby
the souththe south), Eastman, Seacliffe, Upfield), Eastman, Seacliffe, Upfield
Origins of English surnames

15. 2. Nicknames2. Nicknames
Whitehead, Armstrong, Wise, Short,Whitehead, Armstrong, Wise, Short,
Goodfellow, Goodchild, Worth, Proud,Goodfellow, Goodchild, Worth, Proud,
Longfellow, Whistler, Wild, Sharp,Longfellow, Whistler, Wild, Sharp,
Fairchild, TurnbullFairchild, Turnbull –– aa strong manstrong man,,
BrownBrown ((brown-haired),brown-haired),
BlackBlack ((black-haired or dark-black-haired or dark-
complexioned),complexioned), KingKing (arrogant(arrogant
person),person), Willett (Willett (little Will)little Will)
Origins of English surnames

17. 4. Names indicating a familial relationship4. Names indicating a familial relationship::
RobertRobertsonson, At, Atkins,kins, HawHawkins,kins, WatWatkin,kin,
WatWatson,son, RichardRichardson,son, ThompThompson,son, HarriHarrison,son,
Dixon, WilDixon, Wilsonson, William, Williamsonson,, JohnJohnson,son,
PeterPetersonson, Jame, Jameson,son, RobinRobinson,son, MadiMadisonson
((Maud’s sonMaud’s son), Jack), Jacksonson, Ben, Benson,son, BilBilsonson
 In a lifetime, a person might have beenIn a lifetime, a person might have been
known by a variety of names – for instanceknown by a variety of names – for instance
asas Peter the Butcher who lives by the wellPeter the Butcher who lives by the well
in Kentin Kent, which could eventually become, which could eventually become
Peter ButcherPeter Butcher oror Peter WellsPeter Wells oror Peter KentPeter Kent..

18. HomeworkHomework
Lan - caster = Fort on the Lon riverLan - caster = Fort on the Lon river
This name is of Anglo-Saxon origin, and is locational from the English city in Lancashire.This name is of Anglo-Saxon origin, and is locational from the English city in Lancashire.
The name was spelt "Loncastre" in the Domesday Book of 1086. The first element ofThe name was spelt "Loncastre" in the Domesday Book of 1086. The first element of
the name derives from the river "Lune" or “Lon” on which the city stands, plus thethe name derives from the river "Lune" or “Lon” on which the city stands, plus the
Olde English pre 7th Century "ceaster", a Roman fort.Olde English pre 7th Century "ceaster", a Roman fort.
One of the early royal families of England was the House of Lancaster, and LancasterOne of the early royal families of England was the House of Lancaster, and Lancaster
Castle still stands today.Castle still stands today.
Research the history of yourResearch the history of your
surname and other names,surname and other names,
if relevantif relevant
What does your nameWhat does your name
mean?mean?
Where does it comeWhere does it come
from?from?