This document contains interviews with several teachers and educators about incorporating technology into language learning and teaching. Jane Tarwacki, a Spanish teacher, uses an interactive whiteboard and finds that technology engages her students and makes lessons more interactive. Dennis Read, a technology teacher, teaches using computers and reinforces other subjects. He sees benefits to student learning but also potential drawbacks if skills are not practiced outside class. Marnie, an ESOL graduate student, believes technology allows for global interaction but training is needed for teachers. Julian Chen, a graduate assistant, incorporates tools like blogs and virtual worlds into his teaching and thinks training and experience are needed for teachers to transfer technologies into their own practice.

1. The Incorporation of ICTs into Task-Based
Language Learning
ELECTRONIC INTERVIEWS
INTRODUCTION
I am currently conducting a small-scale research project in which I try to answer the
questions of:
 How New Technologies are being incorporated or embedded into the field of
Language Learning and more specifically into the Task-Based Learning
methodological approach?
 How can teachers be encouraged to embed their practices with New
Technologies?
As I am trying to frame my answer from a diversity of perspectives I would be grateful
if we could talk informally about some of the issued presented below. (Please feel free
to omit the questions you feel are overlapping or have been answered in previous
questions.)
INTERVIEW TO MS JANE TARWACKI – Spanish Teacher at Greenbelt Middle School
1- Would you please give me a description of your personal and professional
background (as detailed as you wish)
I was born and raised in New Jersey and went to school in Richmond, Virginia. My
mom is from Bogota, Colombia and my father is Polish-American. I have my B.A. in
Spanish and Political Science, a minor in Latin American Studies, and a M.T. in
Secondary Education. I also have a professional certificate in Professional Teaching
Standards. I am also a National Board candidate. I am the Prince George’s County
Public Schools Foreign Language Teacher of the Year and I am also the runner-up for
Maryland Foreign Language Teacher of the Year. I have been teaching for six year, all
of them in Prince George’s County Public Schools.
2- Which is the technological resource you have been incorporating into your lessons?
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2. I have a MIMIO machine which turns any white board into a smart (interactive) white
board. I also use videos, websites, and CD-ROM resources with an LCD projector.
3- When did you learn to use it?
I learned how to use it in mid-September of this year when I received the MIMIO
machine. I learned to use an LCD projector six years ago when I started teaching in
PGCPS.
4- How do you think this technology has changed your teaching practice?
Making the material interactive has been great for my students. They are better able
to participate and they think using the MIMIO machine is fun. I do not have to clean
transparencies, or write things over and over again for each class since I use
powerpoint and CD-ROM software. Access to YouTube and all of the videos has made
learning fun and interesting. The students use this technology all the time and are
excited to blend their interests and learning styles with the curriculum.
5- What are the benefits or drawbacks you perceive in your students’ learning
achievements?
The benefits of technology is that it makes it easier to learn. It makes activities more
kinesthetic for my students because they can physically moves words and pictures
around on the board. It also holds their interest longer because it is fun. The only
drawback is that the students are relying on technology for everything and forgetting
that books do have a purpose.
6- What other technological incorporations would you like to make? Why haven´t you
been able to do it?
I would like to have access to a high functioning computer lab. We do not have the
money for new computers that are faster and have more memory.
7- Would you like to make any other comment?
INTERVIEW TO MR DENNIS READ – Technology teacher at Samuel Ogle Middle School
1- Would you please give me a description of your personal and professional
background (as detailed as you wish)
2- Which is/are the technological tool/s you teach in your lessons?
3- What are the benefits or drawbacks you perceive in your students’ learning
achievements?
4- How do you feel your class is being helpful within a cross-curricular perspective?
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3. 5- Can you give me your general perception of Maryland Teachers Technology
Standards? http://www.mttsonline.org/standards/
6- Would you like to make any other comment?
RESPONSES
1. Personal/Professional Background:
a. Teaching/Education Background (currently teaching middle school, Prince
George’s County Public Schools)
• 17th year teaching overall; includes 6 yrs. in Middle school and 11 in
Elementary School (1994-2010.) Initially hired as a technology teacher
in elementary school. 2 years experience GED teaching, 1973-75. All
teaching experience in PGCPS.
• Certified in Elementary Ed., grades 1-8; Advanced Professional
Certificate, State of Maryland, USA.
• B.S. Biology, University of Maryland, 1973; post grad credits = 35 (all
Education coursework for certification and development)
b. Pre-teaching career/experience
• 19+ years experience as a nursing manager and nursing (IT) systems
manager, Washington Hospital Center, Wash., DC. (1975-1994)
c. Computer/technology Credentials
• Professional development coursework (numerous computer
applications), WHC and PGCPS (non-credit)
• Self-taught applications as needed
• Informal networking, sharing, and workgroup development as needed
2. Technology tools used/taught in classroom (Middle School)
• Students use Dell personal computers (1 pc per student/ classes of 30
students/3 computer classes daily, A/B schedule)
• Teacher uses Dell pc, plus an overhead Mitsubishi LCD projector on a
large projection screen. All PGCPS teachers also have IBM take-home
laptops
• Programs used in classroom include: MS Word, MS Excel, MS
PowerPoint, Internet, and Mavis Beacon Typing.
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4. • Content for computer programs is taken from Social Studies pacing
guide; each grade level (6, 7, 8) has a specific topic to research for the
quarter.
• Program objectives include proficiency in writing, proofreading, reading,
math computations, and keyboarding.
3. Benefits/drawbacks in student achievement
• Benefits include:
o Use of contemporary/real world computer programs (as above)
o Reinforcement of content material (reading/language arts, math,
social studies)
o Basic and advanced proficiency in keyboarding and other
program-related skills (word processing, spreadsheet
development, slide presentation, internet research)
• Drawbacks:
o Potential loss of skill-set if practice/repetition of technology is
not maintained at home or in other classes
o Weaknesses in reading/writing/math often translate into poor
performance with technology programs
4. Cross-curricular relevance
• The Social Studies topic for each grade level that I choose is far enough
ahead in the pacing guide that students have a reference point for
meaningful discussion by the time their SS class studies the same topic.
• Excel is math, and students write formulas for calculations as well as
graph their results. Students interpret spreadsheet data and graphs.
• Proofreading reinforces Language Arts standards for capitalization rules,
correct verb tense, and sentence structure. Creative writing is
encouraged.
5. Perception of Maryland Technology Standards
• The seven Technology Standards provide a specific framework for
teachers to effectively implement technology within the curriculum on
many levels. My feeling is that I and most teachers need to review
these Standards in order to be aware of the specific recommendations.
• A better awareness of the Standards would facilitate a more
comprehensive implementation; however, many of these Standards are
typically employed without much thought, in my case. Formulation of a
research question, use of multiple sources of information, various
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5. communication channels and formats, and accessibility logistics are
always considered.
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6. 6. Final Comments
• Class size: my classes run form 20 to 30. It is very difficult, yet possible,
to effectively supervise adolescents in a computer room by myself in
larger classes of 30. They do not all get the personal help that they
need, many times.
• Student behavior: in every class, there will be behavior challenges that
disrupt the flow of the class, interrupt student performance and
teaching, and become a burden for everyone in the room. Monitoring
behavior issues – often from the same students over and over again –
while teaching lessons, supervising classwork , and assessing
performance – becomes second nature for most teachers, but is a major
consideration when managing a classroom.
• Grading requirements: my class, Computer Technology Concepts, is a
Creative Arts subject that is taught every other day (A/B schedule) for
one quarter. Still, this and other C.A. subjects have the same weekly
grading requirements as daily taught content classes (2 grades per
week.) It seems that students who meet 2 or 3 classes per week should
not be assessed as often as students who have a class daily (5x/week.)
INTERVIEW TO SUPARMARN MITRSOMWANG (MARNIE)- Graduate students in
Methods of Teaching ESOL
1- Would you please give me a description of your personal and professional
background (as detailed as you wish)
Well, my name is Marnie. My actual name should be Supamarn Mitrsomwang and I
am from Thailand. I’ve lived in Maryland while at the same time studied in the College
of Education, TESOL program, for a year now. The next semester will be my last
semester and I hope to use the knowledge I acquired to improve my country’s English
educational system. Back in Thailand, I received a Bachelor Degree of Arts in the fields
of English and Drama. I lived with my parents and my elder brother. We cherish our
two Golden Retrievers very much. I highly believe in multiple literacies and am certain
that students should be encouraged to learn both inside and outside of school. Thus, I
do think that technologies will help get that message across.
2- Which technological resources do you think you will incorporate in your teaching
practice?
Computer for sure with online resources and social networks as a tool of
communication, which will further establish leaning community. Audio technologies,
movies, electronic resources are also proven to be abundance nowadays as well.
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7. 3-Will you be able to transfer the use of similar technological tools in their own
practices when they become school teachers? Why/not?
( I don’t think I quite understand what you are trying to ask me here? Could you
elaborate moe?)
4- In your opinion, what are the benefits or drawbacks of using technologies at school?
The benefit, ofcourse is global interaction. As the methods of communication are so
vast with varieties, the possibility is endless. Students can retrieve unlimited resources
from the World Wide Web. The drawback, ofcourse, would be that we cannot always
rely on computer.
5- Would you like to receive special teachers´ training before using technology in the
classroom?
Ofcourse I do. Although I considered myself to know more or less about technology but
I would never consider myself as a ‘tech savvy’. The problem is students today belong
in the ‘Millennial’ generation and I need to keep up with that. So, definitely I do need
extra training.
6- Would you like to make any other comment?
INTERVIEW TO JULIAN CHEN – Assistant Teacher in Methods of Teaching ESOL
1- Would you please give me a description of your personal and professional
background (as detailed as you wish)
I am currently the doctoral candidate in the Second Language Education & Culture
(SLEC) program at the University of Maryland, College Park. I joined SLEC PhD
program in 2007 and is currently working as a graduate assistant for developing and
maintaining both SLEC and Master's Certification Program (MCERT) websites. I have
also been a TA for courses in the areas of technology and ESOL, such as Computers for
Teachers, Methods of Teaching ESOL, and Special Education and Oral Language
Development in TESOL. To capitalize on my TA experience to work as an instructor, I
have taught courses such as Teaching ESOL Reading and Writing in Secondary Content
Areas: Teaching English Learners Reading and Writing in the Secondary Content
Areas (summer 2009), Computers for Teachers (fall 2009), and teaching Pedagogy for
Teaching English Language Learners (spring 2010).
I earned my M.Ed. in TESL from the University of British Columbia (UBC) in Canada.
I also got my TESOL certificate during my graduate studies in Canada. I had taught
EFL at the college level in Taiwan for three and half years and actively participated in
in-service school teacher training. Driven by implementing technology into enhancing
English language learning, I set up my own E-learning site for my teaching and student
learning in Taiwan.
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8. 2- Which is/are the technological resource/s you have been incorporating into your
practice?
My current research interests include computer-assisted language learning (CALL),
computer-mediated communication (CMC), web-based learning, language and literacy
in online/out-of-school settings. On that note, I have been working on infusing CMC
into task-based language teaching (TBLT) in both ESL/EFL contexts. For my
dissertation, I am interested in delving into the simulation/gaming for language learning
in the virtual world (i.e., Second Life).
3- When did you learn to use it/them?
As mentioned above, I started to integrate technology into language learning and
teaching since I was teaching in Taiwan. In the beginning, I was a bit overwhelmed by
all the Web 2.0 tools. In order to align my teaching styles with students’ digital learning
styles, I tried to explore different kinds of CMC tools (e.g., skype, blog, wiki, etc.) and
incorporated them into the instruction. In 2008, I first encountered Second Life (SL), a
3-D virtual environment. I was impressed with the pedagogical potential SL can offer
for language learners and started to embark on my SL journey. The learning curve at the
outset was a bit steep but I finally managed it and was able to conduct my first English
course in SL in fall 2010.
4- How do you think this technology has changed your teaching practice?
I am a teacher who likes to think outside the box. Following the same teaching script
with the same teaching materials, or even the same old technology is not my cup of tea.
So every year I endeavor to try out some new technology and see how it may benefit
students’ learning and optimize my teaching as well. Being able to use technology to
assist my teaching practice has been fruitful. Not only do students feel that each lesson
is not static and tedious, they can also capitalize on different CMC tools to practice
different language skills and stretch their zone of proximal development (ZPD). The
new discovery of using SL for teaching and learning is an eye-opening experience for
me. I truly believe the SL features, such as immersiveness, telepresence, and augmented
reality, can make a difference on both teaching practices and learning outcomes.
5- Do you think your students, future ESOL teachers, will be able to transfer the use of
similar technological tools in their own practices when they become school teachers?
Why/not?
I do, but under the condition that those pre-service ESOL teachers are well-trained or
at least have the chance to integrate different Web 2.0 tools in their lesson planning
and teaching practicum. Without “getting their hands dirty” and see the extent to
which a technology-enhanced lesson can optimize student learning outcomes and
motivation, they won’t see the point of transferring those tools to the real-life teaching
situations.
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9. 6- What other technological incorporations would you like to make? Why haven´t you
been able to do it?
I’d like to incorporate SL into classroom-based instruction. The reason I’ve not started
it yet is because it’s hard to get my own class now (I am not teaching a language class
at the college level in the U.S. yet). Even though I do see the potential of SL that can
empower language learners, especially EFL learners, how to tackle the administrative
constraints and technical issues in the lab or at students’ home will be the next task for
me to accomplish.
7- As teacher trainer, which do you think is the most effective way to handle teachers´
training in Technology?
As far as I am concerned, most language teachers are not digital natives who are born
with technology or somewhat hesitant about using technology (except for
powerpoint?) in their lessons. Conducting teacher training workshops on a regular
basis to help those teachers to get into the zone is definitely a good start. Breaking
down the steps and having some technical support from school or other experienced
teachers are the strategy to facilitate teachers’ professional development. Also, asking
teachers to try out one technological tool at a time for each lesson will prepare them
to be more familiar with the implementation of technology into instruction.
8- Would you like to make any other comment?
N/A
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