This document discusses conference interpreting and its history. It describes how interpreting involves oral translation of spoken language as opposed to sight translation of written texts. Interpreting has been used in many ancient cultures throughout history. The document then discusses the different types and modes of interpreting, and how French became an important language during World War I. It provides an overview of the importance of conference interpreting and the languages used by interpreters. The rest of the document outlines the early history of research on conference interpreting from the 1950s onward, including some of the early writings and theorists who helped define the profession.