PDP

1. INTER
PERSONAL
SKILLS

2. WHAT IS INTERPERSONAL SKILL?
Interpersonal skills are the life skills we
use every day to communicate and
interact with other people, both
individually and in groups. People who
have worked on developing strong
interpersonal skills are usually more
successful in both their professional
and personal lives.

3. WHY IS INTERPERSONAL SKILL NEEDED?
IMPROVING POWER OF EXPRESSION
BEING ACCOUNTABLE
IMPROVING SELF MANAGEMENT SKILLS
USING STRESS TO WIN
IMPROVED EMOTIONAL QUOTIENT

4. TYPES OF INTERPERSONAL SKILL NEEDED?
Verbal Communication - What we say
and how we say it.
Non-Verbal Communication - What we
communicate without words, body language
is an example.
Listening Skills - How we interpret both
the verbal and non-verbal messages sent
by others.
Negotiation - Working with others to find
a mutually agreeable outcome.

5. TYPES OF INTERPERSONAL SKILL NEEDED?
Problem Solving - Working with
others to identify, define and solve
problems.
Decision Making – Exploring and
analysing options to make sound
decisions.
Assertiveness – Communicating
our values, ideas, beliefs, opinions,
needs and wants freely.

6. COMMUNICATION SKILL
Effective verbal or spoken communication is
dependant on a number of factors and
cannot be fully isolated from other important
interpersonal skills such as non-verbal
communication, listening
skills and clarification.
Clarity of speech, remaining calm and
focused, being polite and following some
basic rules of etiquette will all aid the
process of verbal communication.

7. LISTENING SKILL
Listening is the ability to accurately receive
and interpret messages in the
communication process.
Listening is key to all effective
communication, without the ability to listen
effectively messages are easily
misunderstood – communication breaks
down and the sender of the message can
easily become frustrated or irritated.

8. NEGOTIATION SKILL
Negotiation is a method by which people
settle differences. It is a process by which
compromise or agreement is reached while
avoiding argument and dispute.
In any disagreement, individuals
understandably aim to achieve the best
possible outcome for their position (or
perhaps an organisation they
represent). However, the principles of
fairness, seeking mutual benefit and
maintaining a relationship are the keys to a
successful outcome.

9. PROBLEM SOLVING SKILL
Everybody can benefit from having good
problem solving skills as we all encounter
problems on a daily basis; some of these
problems are obviously more severe or
complex than others.
It would be wonderful to have the ability to
solve all problems efficiently and in a timely
fashion without difficulty, unfortunately there
is no one way in which all problems can be
solved.

10. DECISION MAKING SKILL
People often find it hard to make decisions -
inevitably we all have to make decisions all
the time, some are more important than
others.
Some people put off making decisions by
endlessly searching for more information or
getting other people to offer their
recommendations.
Not necessarily, decision taken at that
moment is best, but one should never delay
it.

11. DECISION MAKING SKILL
People often find it hard to make decisions -
inevitably we all have to make decisions all
the time, some are more important than
others.
Some people put off making decisions by
endlessly searching for more information or
getting other people to offer their
recommendations.
Not necessarily, decision taken at that
moment is best, but one should never delay
it.

12. ASSERTIVE SKILL
Assertiveness is a skill regularly referred to
in social and communication skills
training. Often wrongly confused with
aggression, assertive individuals aim to be
neither passive nor aggressive in their
interactions with other people.
Although everyone acts in passive and
aggressive ways from time to time, such
ways of responding often result from a lack
of self-confidence and, therefore, are
inappropriate expressions of what such
people really need to say.

13. Assertiveness and
Self‐Confidence
Learning is not a spectator sport.
D. Blocher
Assertiveness and self-confidence are
comprised of important interpersonal
communications skills and traits that can be
learned and practiced. This workshop will
provide you with many tips, techniques, and
opportunities to try out your own skills.

14. Contents
 Define assertiveness and self-confidence, and list the four styles of
communication
 Describe the types of negative thinking, and how one can overcome negative
thoughts
 Explain the difference between listening and hearing, and understand the
importance of body language and questioning skills in communication
 Define the importance of goal setting, and practice setting SMART goals for
assertive behavior
 Utilize methodologies for understanding your worth -- and the use of positive
self-talk
 List reasons why a pleasing appearance and body language are critical for
creating a strong first impression
 Practice sending positive communications phrased as “I-Messages”
 Use the STAR model to make your case during a presentation challenge
 Display rapport-building skills through assertive methods of expressing
disagreement and consensus-building techniques
 Practice strategies for gaining positive outcomes in difficult interpersonal
situations.

15. “Who has confidence in himself will gain the
confidence of others.”
Leib Lazarow
Self confidence plays an important role in our
everyday lives. Being confident allows us to set and
reach our goals. It provides stability when we are
faced with a challenge; it gives us that push that
helps us overcome difficulties. Self confidence is
necessary in our personal and professional lives, as
without it one would not be successful in either. It
gives us the ability to stand up to face our
challenges and to pick ourselves up when we fall.

16. What is Assertiveness
 An assertive person is confident and
direct in dealing with others. Assertive
communications promote fairness and
equality in human interactions, based on
a positive sense of respect for self and
others.
 Assertive behavior includes the ability to
stand up for a person’s legitimate rights –
without violating the rights of others or
being overly fearful in the process.

17.  Assertive behavior involves three
categories of skills; self-affirmation,
expressing positive feelings, and
expressing negative feelings.
 An assertive person is confident and
direct in dealing with others. Assertive
communications promote fairness and
equality in human interactions, based on
a positive sense of respect for self and
others. It is the direct communication of a
person’s needs, wants, and opinions
without punishing, threatening, or putting
down another person.

18.  Self-confidence is a belief in oneself, one's abilities, or
one's judgment. It is freedom from doubt. When you
believe you can change things -- or make a difference in
a situation, you are much more likely to succeed.
 As a self-confident person, you walk with a bounce in
your step. You can control your thoughts and emotions
and influence others. You are more prepared to tackle
everyday challenges and recover from setbacks. This all
leads to a greater degree of optimism and life
satisfaction.
 Self-confidence is a belief in oneself, one's abilities, or
one's judgment. It is freedom from doubt. When you
believe you can change things -- or make a difference in
a situation, you are much more likely to succeed.

19.  As a self-confident person, you walk with
a bounce in your step. You can control
your thoughts and emotions and influence
others. You are more prepared to tackle
everyday challenges and recover from
setbacks. This all leads to a greater
degree of optimism and life satisfaction.

20. The Four Styles
Here are four styles of communication: passive, aggressive,
passive-aggressive, and assertive.
 The Passive Person: Passive behavior is the avoidance of
the expression of opinions or feelings, protecting one’s rights,
and identifying and meeting one’s needs.
 The Aggressive Person: An aggressive individual
communicates in a way that violates the rights of others.
Thus, aggressive communicators are verbally or physically
abusive, or both.
 The Passive-Aggressive Person: The passive-aggressive
person uses a communication style in which the individual
appears passive on the surface, but is really acting out anger
in a subtle, indirect, or behind-the-scenes way.
 The Assertive Person: An assertive individual communicates
in a way that clearly states his or her opinions and feelings,
and firmly advocates for his or her rights and needs without
violating the rights of others.

21. The Passive Person
 Passive behavior is the avoidance of the
expression of opinions or feelings, protecting
one’s rights, and identifying and meeting
one’s needs. Passive individuals exhibit poor
eye contact and slumped body posture, and
tend to speak softly or apologetically.
Passive people express statements implying
that:
• “I’m unable to stand up for my rights.”
• “I don’t know what my rights are.”
• “I get stepped on by everyone."
• “I’m weak and unable to take care of myself.”
• “People never consider my feelings.”

22. The Aggressive
Person
An aggressive individual communicates in a way
that violates the rights of others. Thus,
aggressive communicators are verbally or
physically abusive, or both. Aggressive
communication is born of low self-esteem, often
caused by past physical or emotional abuse,
unhealed emotional wounds, and feelings of
powerlessness.
Aggressive individuals display a low tolerance
for frustration, use humiliation, interrupt
frequently, and use criticism or blame to attack
others. They use piercing eye contact and are
not good listeners.

23. Aggressive people express statements
implying that:
The other person is inferior, wrong, and
not worth anything
The problem is the other person’s fault
They are superior and right
They will get their way regardless of the
consequences
They are entitled, and that the other
person “owes” them

24. The Passive-
Aggressive Person
 The passive-aggressive person uses a communication
style in which the individual appears passive on the
surface, but is really acting out anger in a subtle, indirect,
or behind-the-scenes way.
 Passive-aggressive people usually feel powerless, stuck,
and resentful. Alienated from others, they feel incapable
of dealing directly with the object of their resentments.
Rather, they express their anger by subtly undermining
the real or imagined object of their resentments.
Frequently they mutter to themselves instead of
confronting another person. They often smile at you,
even though they are angry, use subtle sabotage, or
speak with sarcasm.

25. Passive-aggressive individuals use
communication that implies:
 “I’m weak and resentful, so I sabotage,
frustrate, and disrupt.”
 “I’m powerless to deal with you head on
so I must use guerilla warfare.”
 “I will appear cooperative, but I am not”

26. The Assertive
Person
 An assertive individual communicates in a way that clearly states his
or her opinions and feelings, and firmly advocates for his or her rights
and needs without violating the rights of others. Assertive
communication is born of high self-esteem. Assertive people value
themselves, their time, and their emotional, spiritual, and physical
needs. They are strong advocates for themselves -- while being very
respectful of the rights of others.
 Assertive people feel connected to other people. They make
statements of needs and feelings clearly, appropriately, and
respectfully. Feeling in control of themselves, they speak in calm and
clear tones, are good listeners, and maintain good eye contact. They
create a respectful environment for others, and do not allow others to
abuse or manipulate them.

27. The assertive person uses statements that
imply:
 “I am confident about who I am.”
 “I cannot control others, but I control
myself.”
 “I speak clearly, honestly, and to the
point.”
 “I know I have choices in my life, and I
consider my options. I am fully
responsible for my own happiness.”
 “We are equally entitled to express
ourselves respectfully to one another.”

28. ADVANTAGE OF HAVING GOOD INTERPERSONAL
SKILLS
Good interpersonal skills create significant
advantages when communicating to build
successful relationships. Consciously
gathering information as you enter the
process will make you more effective. Think
of it as gathering intelligence to become
more efficient. Looking, listening, and
reacting to the situation before you begin
the process is far more effective than blindly
moving forward into communication?