1 
INTERNSHIP REPORT 
PAKISTAN TELECOMMUNICATION 
COMPANY LIMITED 
Internship Period: 7August -18September 
Prepared by: 
Iqra Sundip Yasin 1450-213001 
Msc Electronics 
PRESTON UNIVERSITY 
ISLAMABAD
2 
Table of Content 
Preface 
Acknowledgment 
Overview of Organization 
Introduction 
History 
Main Office 
Products 
Switching Technology 
Services of PTCL 
Services for customers 
Value add services 
My Internship Work 
Introduction of office 
Supervisor’s name and job title 
Exchange overview 
Description of my task 
Recommendation 
Conclusion
3 
PREFACE 
In fact, for the students of Msc Electronics. The internship is a golden 
chance to develop and ensharp the capability and skill of 
administration and management in the practical environment of 
different organizations. In the context, I select the PTCL 
(PAKISTAN TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY LIMITED). 
My reasons for doing the internship program in PTCL is to get first 
hand knowledge about switching unit, because PTCL is the best 
organization indeed. I tried to remain to the point, in writing the 
report. Brief history, management, organizational structure of 
PAKISTAN TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY LIMITED. I 
have tried my best to learn a lot about switching. I have made all 
possible efforts to summaries the broad history and working of the 
organization. The information contained in the report is based on my 
personal observation, practical working. In the end, I would like to 
mention a quote. 
Harry golden said, “That the only thing that overcome the hard luck 
is hard work”
4 
Acknowledgment 
First of all I thank to Allah (Subhanahu WA Ta'ala) for 
having enabled me to complete my report that would not 
have been possible for me to accomplish without his help in 
all stages of its preparation. 
I have a pleasant opportunity to work with “PTCL”. In this 
connection, I pay my heartily thanks to Sir Nasrullah (T. O. 
Eng) who is my instructor, a humble person and very kindly 
provided me the opportunity to internship at the highly 
prestigious organization. 
I’m also really thankful to my parents, who are my first 
teacher in this world. Without them and their prayers I feel 
myself alone and incomplete.
5 
Internship Report 
PAKISTAN TELECOMMUNICATION 
COMPANY LIMITED 
Established on 1996 
INTRODUCTION 
Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL) is a mega 
corporation and a leading telecommunication authority in Pakistan. 
The corporation provides telephonic and internet services nation-wide 
and is the backbone for country's telecommunication 
infrastructure despite arrival of a dozen other telecommunication 
corporations, including Telenor Corps and China Mobile Ltd. The 
corporation manages and operates around ~2000 telephone 
exchanges across the country, providing the largest fixed line 
network. Data and backbone services such as GSM, CDMA, 
Broadband Internet, and IPTV, wholesale are an increasing part of its 
business. 
HISTORY 
From the of beginning Posts & Telegraph Department in 1947 and 
establishment of Pakistan Telephone & Telegraph Department in 
1962, PTCL has been a major player in telecommunication in 
Pakistan. Pursuing a progressive policy, the Government in 1991, 
announced its plans to privatize PTCL, and in 1994 issued six million 
vouchers exchangeable into 600 million shares of the would-be 
PTCL in two separate placements. Each had a par value of Rs. 10 per 
share. These vouchers were converted into PTCL shares in mid- 
1996.In 2005, Government of Pakistan decided to sell 26 percent of 
this company to some private corporation but strikes were held by 
PTCL workers. They arrested many workers and put them behind
bars. The contention between Government and employees ended 
with a 30% increase in the salaries of workers. 
6 
MAIN OFFICE 
The Head Office of Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited 
is situated in Sector G-8/4, Islamabad, which is headed by the 
“President” besides. 
PRODUCTS 
In addition to wire line operations, PTCL also provide fixed line 
service through its countrywide CDMA based WLL (Wireless Local 
Loop) network, under the VFone brand name. In the Internet 
segment, PTCL provides fixed broadband through conventional 
copper wire & FTTC and wireless broadband based on EvDO Rev A 
and B technology with the brand name of EVO. PTCL has also 
introduced a 3G tab. In the cellular segment, the second largest 
cellular provider in Pakistan, Ufone based on GSM 800/1900 
technology, is also a wholly owned subsidiary of PTCL. In addition 
to these services, PTCL also offers some of the world's first 
commercial HD TV services based on IPTV with the brand name of 
Smart TV and home surveillance and alarm over broadband under the 
brand name iSentry. PTCL is also part of the consortium of three 
major Submarine communication cable networks: SEA-ME-WE 3, 
SEA-ME-WE 4 and I-ME-WE. 
Source: (ptclwebsite) 
SWITCHING TECHNOLOGY 
There are seven different kind of switching technologies currently 
operational in PTCL network 
 Alcatel 
 Siemens 
 NEC 
 Erricsson
7 
 Huawi 
 J.S telecom 
 ZTE 
SERVICES OF PTCL 
Services for consumers 
(1)New Telephone Connections 
(2)Value Added Services 
(3) CLI (Callers Line Identification) 
(4)PREPAID CALLING CARDS 
(5)E-BILL PAYMENT 
(6)DIGITAL FACILITIES 
(7)PTCL offers a variety of features to digital exchange 
Customers like:- 
1- Hotline 
2- Abbreviated Dialing. 
3- Call Waiting4 Don’t Disturb 
5-Call Transfer on (a) Busy (b) No Reply (c) Immediate 
6-Wake up call 
7-Absent Subscriber 
8-Code Barring 
(8)Prepayment Telephony Services (PPT) 
(9)Target market
8 
MY INTERNSHIP WORK 
I have got the internship in PTCL telephone exchange in Mianwali. 
Supervisor’s name and job title: 
Supervisor’s name is NasarUllah and the job title is T. O. Eng. 
Switching 
EXCHANGE OVERVIEW 
An exchange is consists of following important parts 
Network Equipments (Main Switching Unit) 
MDF (Main Distribution Farm) 
RLU (Remote Logic Unit) 
MAIN AC SUPPLY 
GENERATOR 
DC BATTERY 
MEDIA (Micro Wave or Optic fiber) 
MY WORK TASK 
During the internship I was demonstrated about the two installed 
system i.e 
1) EWSD system 
2) ZTE system 
EWSD system is made by Germany and ZTE system is made by 
china.
During the internship I was also demonstrated about the 
external network as well as power plant setup to feed the 
power to all installed system. 
9 
Detail regarding EWSD switching system:- 
There are five basic sub-system installed 
1. DLU 
2. LTG 
3. SN 
4. CP 
5. CCNP 
1. DLU: - 
DLU is the subscriber stage and equipment of all 
telephone numbers are installed in the DLU. The 
subscribers’ cables from DLU are wired at MDF. MDF 
is the stage at which cables from external network are 
wired at one side and cables from DLU are wired on the 
other side. To connect any telephone network with the 
external network jumpring is done at MDF. 
There are two types of DLUS: 
a) DLU 
b) DLUB 
a) DLU:- 
The cards having 8telephone numbers are 
installed in DLU and one DLU is installed in one 
rack. Maximum 960 telephone numbers can be 
accumulated in one DLU. The 4 PDC are the output 
of the DLU and the date rate of each PDC is 30 
channels. 
b) DLUB:- 
The cards having 16 telephone numbers are 
installed in the DLUB and two DLUS installed in 
one rack. DLUB is installed for to save the space. 
2. LTG (LINE TRUNK GROUP) :- 
LTG is the channel stage.4PDC coming from DLU is 
the input of LTG. The output of LTG is the SDC 
(SECONDARY DIGITAL CARRIER). The data rate of
SDC is 120 channels. LTG is the interface stage between 
DLU and SN (SWITCHING NETWORK). 
10 
There are 4 types of LTG w.r.t hardware:- 
a) LTG (in a full shelf) 
b) LTGB (in a half shelf) 
c) LTGN (in a card) 
d) LTGP (4 LTGs in a card) 
LTGs are compacted to save the space. 
3. SN (SWITCHING NETWORK):- 
The connection between called party and calling 
party are established in SN stage. 
4. CP (CO-ORDINATION PROCESSOR):- 
CP is the main control of all exchange systems it is 
just like a brain all commands and instructions are 
generated from CP the status of all systems are updated 
in CP the calls charging data is stored in MDD 
(MAGNETIC DISC DEVICE) which is sub-part of CP. 
5. CCNP (COMMON CHANNEL SIGNALING 
NETWORK PROCESSOR:- 
CCNP state generate the all type of signaling which 
is send to the sub-system of exchange to perform the 
different task.
11 
Block Diagram of System 
ZTE: - (Zhongxing Telecommunication 
Equipment Corporation) 
ZTE was introduced in the Pakistani market in 1999 with its 
headquarters in Islamabad and major offices in Lahore and Karachi. 
Providing Telecom Equipment, Network Solutions and Managed 
Services to telecom operators in Pakistan i.e. PTCL, Telenor, Zong 
POWER PLANT SETUP:- 
During the internship I was also demonstrated about the power plant 
set up which feed power to all systems of the exchange. The power 
plant system comprises of following equipment: 
1. Transformer 
2. Rectifiers 
3. Stand by battery sets
12 
4. AC unites 
5. Stand by diesel generator set 
1) TRANSFORMER:- 
200KVA transformer was installed which step-down. The 
11KV line to 220/440V 
2) RECTIFIERS:- 
Because all installed system is D.C operated therefore 3 
rectifiers having capacity 48v.200A were installed to convert the A.C 
supply in to D.C supply. The rectifiers were 3-phases therefore input 
of rectifier was 440V.A.C and output 48V.D.C. 
3) STAND BY BATTERY SETS:- 
There were two battery sets having capacity of 1500AH each 
were installed. Total capacity of battery sets was 3000AH.In case of 
WAPDA supply failure these battery sets take up the load at once and 
thus no interruption occurred in communication. 
4) A.C UNIT:- 
The switching equipment is very sensitive to temperature 
therefore to maintain the idle temperature i.e 26c. 
5 A.C units having capacity 5 tones and 7.5 tones were installed. 
These A.C units’ remains operated in whole year. 
5) D.C SETS: - Diesel Generator Sets) 
Having capacity 225KVA was installed to provide the stand 
by supply to the all system. The D.G set is operated in case of 
WAPDA supply failure. 
EXTERNAL NETWORK 
There are two type of external network 
1) Primary Network 
2) Secondary Network 
1) PRIMARY NETWORK:- 
The underground cable laid down between the MDF and divisional 
cabinet is called Primary Network. The cables of 600/900/1200 pairs 
having dia 0.4 and 0.6 were laid down 
2) SECONDARY NETWORK:-
13 
The external under ground cable laid down between the 
divisional cabinet and distribution point (DP) is called secondary 
network. Each D.P contains maximum 10 pairs drop wire is erected 
between the DP and customer premises. 
Connectivity of external network with the exchange and 
customer is as under: 
RECOMMENDATION AND 
CONCLUTION 
No doubt PTCL is enjoying monopoly but the time is came when 
competition will force company to change its policies to become 
favorite telecom service provider in the Market & keep its current 
place & customer base
14 
 Switching department of the PTCL is well established and 
performs its functions properly. PTCL has a huge sales 
infrastructure throughout the country that is geographically 
wide spread. 
 There are only two training staff colleges which cannot fulfill 
the requirement of all the employees of PTCL from all over 
the Pakistan. They should start at least one new training staff 
college so that all the employees get training. 
 Overall PTCL still behaves as a monopoly … it has to 
change its attitude. At a minimum, avoiding billing errors 
and providing competent and courteous service to its 
customers is essential if PTCL wants to show that it is 
transforming itself to a competitive company which cares for 
its customers. 
 PTCL have little high switching cost of customer which is 
the main resistance of PTL in increasing it sales. The growth 
rate of PTCL has been decreased in 2012 by 3% 
approximately. And the growth rate of Ufone has increased 
by 46% which is not good signed for PTCL in future. 
 PTCL still have a good future. It should train its employees 
according to needs of work and also should train them 
according to the new technology. 
Just believe in yourself even if you don’t pretend that you do 
And at some point, you will. 
_________________________

PTCL Internship report by Iqra Sundip Yasin

  • 1.
    1 INTERNSHIP REPORT PAKISTAN TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY LIMITED Internship Period: 7August -18September Prepared by: Iqra Sundip Yasin 1450-213001 Msc Electronics PRESTON UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD
  • 2.
    2 Table ofContent Preface Acknowledgment Overview of Organization Introduction History Main Office Products Switching Technology Services of PTCL Services for customers Value add services My Internship Work Introduction of office Supervisor’s name and job title Exchange overview Description of my task Recommendation Conclusion
  • 3.
    3 PREFACE Infact, for the students of Msc Electronics. The internship is a golden chance to develop and ensharp the capability and skill of administration and management in the practical environment of different organizations. In the context, I select the PTCL (PAKISTAN TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY LIMITED). My reasons for doing the internship program in PTCL is to get first hand knowledge about switching unit, because PTCL is the best organization indeed. I tried to remain to the point, in writing the report. Brief history, management, organizational structure of PAKISTAN TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY LIMITED. I have tried my best to learn a lot about switching. I have made all possible efforts to summaries the broad history and working of the organization. The information contained in the report is based on my personal observation, practical working. In the end, I would like to mention a quote. Harry golden said, “That the only thing that overcome the hard luck is hard work”
  • 4.
    4 Acknowledgment Firstof all I thank to Allah (Subhanahu WA Ta'ala) for having enabled me to complete my report that would not have been possible for me to accomplish without his help in all stages of its preparation. I have a pleasant opportunity to work with “PTCL”. In this connection, I pay my heartily thanks to Sir Nasrullah (T. O. Eng) who is my instructor, a humble person and very kindly provided me the opportunity to internship at the highly prestigious organization. I’m also really thankful to my parents, who are my first teacher in this world. Without them and their prayers I feel myself alone and incomplete.
  • 5.
    5 Internship Report PAKISTAN TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY LIMITED Established on 1996 INTRODUCTION Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL) is a mega corporation and a leading telecommunication authority in Pakistan. The corporation provides telephonic and internet services nation-wide and is the backbone for country's telecommunication infrastructure despite arrival of a dozen other telecommunication corporations, including Telenor Corps and China Mobile Ltd. The corporation manages and operates around ~2000 telephone exchanges across the country, providing the largest fixed line network. Data and backbone services such as GSM, CDMA, Broadband Internet, and IPTV, wholesale are an increasing part of its business. HISTORY From the of beginning Posts & Telegraph Department in 1947 and establishment of Pakistan Telephone & Telegraph Department in 1962, PTCL has been a major player in telecommunication in Pakistan. Pursuing a progressive policy, the Government in 1991, announced its plans to privatize PTCL, and in 1994 issued six million vouchers exchangeable into 600 million shares of the would-be PTCL in two separate placements. Each had a par value of Rs. 10 per share. These vouchers were converted into PTCL shares in mid- 1996.In 2005, Government of Pakistan decided to sell 26 percent of this company to some private corporation but strikes were held by PTCL workers. They arrested many workers and put them behind
  • 6.
    bars. The contentionbetween Government and employees ended with a 30% increase in the salaries of workers. 6 MAIN OFFICE The Head Office of Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited is situated in Sector G-8/4, Islamabad, which is headed by the “President” besides. PRODUCTS In addition to wire line operations, PTCL also provide fixed line service through its countrywide CDMA based WLL (Wireless Local Loop) network, under the VFone brand name. In the Internet segment, PTCL provides fixed broadband through conventional copper wire & FTTC and wireless broadband based on EvDO Rev A and B technology with the brand name of EVO. PTCL has also introduced a 3G tab. In the cellular segment, the second largest cellular provider in Pakistan, Ufone based on GSM 800/1900 technology, is also a wholly owned subsidiary of PTCL. In addition to these services, PTCL also offers some of the world's first commercial HD TV services based on IPTV with the brand name of Smart TV and home surveillance and alarm over broadband under the brand name iSentry. PTCL is also part of the consortium of three major Submarine communication cable networks: SEA-ME-WE 3, SEA-ME-WE 4 and I-ME-WE. Source: (ptclwebsite) SWITCHING TECHNOLOGY There are seven different kind of switching technologies currently operational in PTCL network  Alcatel  Siemens  NEC  Erricsson
  • 7.
    7  Huawi  J.S telecom  ZTE SERVICES OF PTCL Services for consumers (1)New Telephone Connections (2)Value Added Services (3) CLI (Callers Line Identification) (4)PREPAID CALLING CARDS (5)E-BILL PAYMENT (6)DIGITAL FACILITIES (7)PTCL offers a variety of features to digital exchange Customers like:- 1- Hotline 2- Abbreviated Dialing. 3- Call Waiting4 Don’t Disturb 5-Call Transfer on (a) Busy (b) No Reply (c) Immediate 6-Wake up call 7-Absent Subscriber 8-Code Barring (8)Prepayment Telephony Services (PPT) (9)Target market
  • 8.
    8 MY INTERNSHIPWORK I have got the internship in PTCL telephone exchange in Mianwali. Supervisor’s name and job title: Supervisor’s name is NasarUllah and the job title is T. O. Eng. Switching EXCHANGE OVERVIEW An exchange is consists of following important parts Network Equipments (Main Switching Unit) MDF (Main Distribution Farm) RLU (Remote Logic Unit) MAIN AC SUPPLY GENERATOR DC BATTERY MEDIA (Micro Wave or Optic fiber) MY WORK TASK During the internship I was demonstrated about the two installed system i.e 1) EWSD system 2) ZTE system EWSD system is made by Germany and ZTE system is made by china.
  • 9.
    During the internshipI was also demonstrated about the external network as well as power plant setup to feed the power to all installed system. 9 Detail regarding EWSD switching system:- There are five basic sub-system installed 1. DLU 2. LTG 3. SN 4. CP 5. CCNP 1. DLU: - DLU is the subscriber stage and equipment of all telephone numbers are installed in the DLU. The subscribers’ cables from DLU are wired at MDF. MDF is the stage at which cables from external network are wired at one side and cables from DLU are wired on the other side. To connect any telephone network with the external network jumpring is done at MDF. There are two types of DLUS: a) DLU b) DLUB a) DLU:- The cards having 8telephone numbers are installed in DLU and one DLU is installed in one rack. Maximum 960 telephone numbers can be accumulated in one DLU. The 4 PDC are the output of the DLU and the date rate of each PDC is 30 channels. b) DLUB:- The cards having 16 telephone numbers are installed in the DLUB and two DLUS installed in one rack. DLUB is installed for to save the space. 2. LTG (LINE TRUNK GROUP) :- LTG is the channel stage.4PDC coming from DLU is the input of LTG. The output of LTG is the SDC (SECONDARY DIGITAL CARRIER). The data rate of
  • 10.
    SDC is 120channels. LTG is the interface stage between DLU and SN (SWITCHING NETWORK). 10 There are 4 types of LTG w.r.t hardware:- a) LTG (in a full shelf) b) LTGB (in a half shelf) c) LTGN (in a card) d) LTGP (4 LTGs in a card) LTGs are compacted to save the space. 3. SN (SWITCHING NETWORK):- The connection between called party and calling party are established in SN stage. 4. CP (CO-ORDINATION PROCESSOR):- CP is the main control of all exchange systems it is just like a brain all commands and instructions are generated from CP the status of all systems are updated in CP the calls charging data is stored in MDD (MAGNETIC DISC DEVICE) which is sub-part of CP. 5. CCNP (COMMON CHANNEL SIGNALING NETWORK PROCESSOR:- CCNP state generate the all type of signaling which is send to the sub-system of exchange to perform the different task.
  • 11.
    11 Block Diagramof System ZTE: - (Zhongxing Telecommunication Equipment Corporation) ZTE was introduced in the Pakistani market in 1999 with its headquarters in Islamabad and major offices in Lahore and Karachi. Providing Telecom Equipment, Network Solutions and Managed Services to telecom operators in Pakistan i.e. PTCL, Telenor, Zong POWER PLANT SETUP:- During the internship I was also demonstrated about the power plant set up which feed power to all systems of the exchange. The power plant system comprises of following equipment: 1. Transformer 2. Rectifiers 3. Stand by battery sets
  • 12.
    12 4. ACunites 5. Stand by diesel generator set 1) TRANSFORMER:- 200KVA transformer was installed which step-down. The 11KV line to 220/440V 2) RECTIFIERS:- Because all installed system is D.C operated therefore 3 rectifiers having capacity 48v.200A were installed to convert the A.C supply in to D.C supply. The rectifiers were 3-phases therefore input of rectifier was 440V.A.C and output 48V.D.C. 3) STAND BY BATTERY SETS:- There were two battery sets having capacity of 1500AH each were installed. Total capacity of battery sets was 3000AH.In case of WAPDA supply failure these battery sets take up the load at once and thus no interruption occurred in communication. 4) A.C UNIT:- The switching equipment is very sensitive to temperature therefore to maintain the idle temperature i.e 26c. 5 A.C units having capacity 5 tones and 7.5 tones were installed. These A.C units’ remains operated in whole year. 5) D.C SETS: - Diesel Generator Sets) Having capacity 225KVA was installed to provide the stand by supply to the all system. The D.G set is operated in case of WAPDA supply failure. EXTERNAL NETWORK There are two type of external network 1) Primary Network 2) Secondary Network 1) PRIMARY NETWORK:- The underground cable laid down between the MDF and divisional cabinet is called Primary Network. The cables of 600/900/1200 pairs having dia 0.4 and 0.6 were laid down 2) SECONDARY NETWORK:-
  • 13.
    13 The externalunder ground cable laid down between the divisional cabinet and distribution point (DP) is called secondary network. Each D.P contains maximum 10 pairs drop wire is erected between the DP and customer premises. Connectivity of external network with the exchange and customer is as under: RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUTION No doubt PTCL is enjoying monopoly but the time is came when competition will force company to change its policies to become favorite telecom service provider in the Market & keep its current place & customer base
  • 14.
    14  Switchingdepartment of the PTCL is well established and performs its functions properly. PTCL has a huge sales infrastructure throughout the country that is geographically wide spread.  There are only two training staff colleges which cannot fulfill the requirement of all the employees of PTCL from all over the Pakistan. They should start at least one new training staff college so that all the employees get training.  Overall PTCL still behaves as a monopoly … it has to change its attitude. At a minimum, avoiding billing errors and providing competent and courteous service to its customers is essential if PTCL wants to show that it is transforming itself to a competitive company which cares for its customers.  PTCL have little high switching cost of customer which is the main resistance of PTL in increasing it sales. The growth rate of PTCL has been decreased in 2012 by 3% approximately. And the growth rate of Ufone has increased by 46% which is not good signed for PTCL in future.  PTCL still have a good future. It should train its employees according to needs of work and also should train them according to the new technology. Just believe in yourself even if you don’t pretend that you do And at some point, you will. _________________________