1) The document summarizes the internship of Muhammad Raza Butt at Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL) from April 13-27. 2) PTCL is Pakistan's largest telecom company providing telephone and internet services nationwide using a network of over 3200 exchanges. 3) During the internship, Raza learned about PTCL's switching and transmission systems, and assisted with tasks like exchange overview and testing transmission lines.

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INTERNSHIP REPORT
PAKISTAN TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY
LIMITED
Internship Period: 13April -27April
Prepared by:
Muhammad Raza Butt 144-Bscs-12
BS Computer Sciences
GC UNIVERSITY LAHORE
Supervisor:________________________

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Table of Content
Preface
Acknowledgment
Overview of Organization
Introduction
History
Main Office
Products
Switching Technology
Transmission Technology
Services of PTCL
Services for customers
My Internship Work
Introduction of office
Supervisor’s name and job title
Exchange overview
Description of my task
Recommendation
Conclusion

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PREFACE
As a student of BS Computer Science. This internship was a
golden chance to develop and sharp the capability and skill of
administration and management in the practical environment of
different organizations. In the context, I selected PTCL (Pakistan
Telecommunication CompanyLimited). My reasons fordoing the
internship program in PTCL was to get first-hand knowledge
about switching and transmission unit, because PTCL is the best
organization indeed. I tried to remain to the point, in writing the
report. Brief history, management, organizational structure of
Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited. I have tried my
best to learn a lot about switching and transmission. I have made
all possible efforts to summarize the broad history and working
of the organization. The information contained in the report is
based on my personal observation, practical working.

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Acknowledgment
First of all I thank to Allah (Subhanahu WA Ta'ala) for
making me able to complete my report that would not have been
possible for me to accomplish without His help in all stages of its
preparation.
I had a pleasant experience to work with “PTCL”. In this
connection, I pay my heartily thanks to my mentor
Dr. Fareeha Zafar (Assistant Professor) who is my instructor, a
humble personand very kindly provided me the opportunity to do
internship at a highly prestigious organization.
I’m also really thankful to my parents, who are my first
teacher in this world. Without them and their prayers I feel myself
alone and incomplete.

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Internship Report
PAKISTAN TELECOMMUNICATION COMPANY
LIMITED
Established on 1996
INTRODUCTION
Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited (PTCL)is a mega corporation
and a leading telecommunication authority in Pakistan. The corporation provides
telephonic and internet services nation-wide and is the backbone for country's
telecommunication infrastructure despite arrival of a dozen other
telecommunication corporations, including Ufone and China Mobile Ltd. The
corporation manages and operates around ~3200 telephone exchanges across the
country, providing the largest fixed line network. Data and backbone services such
as GSM, CDMA, Broadband Internet, and IPTV, wholesale are an increasing part
of its business.
HISTORY
From the of beginning Posts & Telegraph Department in 1947 and
establishment of Pakistan Telephone & Telegraph Department in 1962, PTCL has
been a major player in telecommunication in Pakistan. Pursuing a progressive
policy, the Government in 1991, announced its plans to privatize PTCL,and in 1994
issued six million vouchers exchangeable into 600 million shares of the would-be
PTCL in two separate placements. Each had a par value of Rs. 10 per share. These
vouchers were converted into PTCL shares in mid-1996. In 2005, Government of
Pakistan decided to sell 26 percent of this company to some private corporation but
strikes were held by PTCL workers. They arrested many workers and put them
behind bars. The contention between Government and employees ended with a
30% increase in the salaries of workers.

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MAIN OFFICE
The HeadOffice of Pakistan Telecommunication Company Limited is situated
in Sector G-8/4, Islamabad, which is headed by the “President” besides.
PRODUCTS
In addition to wire line operations, PTCL also provide fixed line service
through its countrywide CDMA based WLL (Wireless Local Loop) network, under
the VFone brand name. In the Internet segment, PTCL provides fixed broadband
through conventional copper wire & FTTC and wireless broadband based on EvDO
Rev A and B technology with the brand name of EVO. PTCL has also introduced a
3G tab. In the cellular segment, the second largest cellular provider in Pakistan,
Ufone based on GSM 800/1900 technology, is also a wholly owned subsidiary of
PTCL. In addition to these services, PTCL also offers some of the world's first
commercial HD TV services based on IPTV with the brand name of Smart TV and
home surveillance and alarm over broadband under the brand name iSentry. PTCL
is also part of the consortium of three major Submarine communication cable
networks: SEA-ME-WE 3, SEA-ME-WE 4 and I-ME-WE.
Source: (ptclwebsite)

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SERVICES OF PTCL
Services for consumers
(1)New Telephone Connections
(2)Value Added Services
(3) CLI (Callers Line Identification)
(4)PREPAID CALLING CARDS
(5)E-BILL PAYMENT
(6)DIGITAL FACILITIES

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MY INTERNSHIP WORK
I have done internship at PTCL Head Office Mall Rd, Lahore
Supervisor’s name and job title:
Supervisor’s name is Miss Uzma Saif and her job title is S.E. OMC.
MY WORK TASK
During the internship I was demonstrated about the two installed system each
for one week.
1) Switching system
2) Transmission system
SWITCHING TECHNOLOGY
There are basically three different kind of switching vendors currently
operational in PTCL network
 Alcatel
 ZTE
 Huawei
 Siemens (Discarded by ZTE)
 Ericson (Discarded by Huawei)
For NMS (Network Management System) Province Punjab is divided into
different region. The Lahore head office controls some regions including.
 LTR (Lahore Region)
 CTR (Out of Lahore Region)

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CTR region include PakPattan, Sahiwal, Sheikhupura, Mureedke and Kasur
cities. Switching technology is used to connect and terminate consumer’s calls. It
assigns voice IP and TID (Termination Id) to a call. This work is done by MSANs
abbreviated as Multi-Service Access Node aka MSAGs abbreviated as Multi-
Service Access Gateway
MSAG:
MSAGs have different shells and each shell has different cards these
include C5 card (for NGN) and A32 (By ZTE) that hold consumer’s number and
other information. Each card can hold 32 consumers.
NMS Network Type:
The NMS (Network Management System) of Switching has implemented
Ring Topology so that if network is down from one side of an MSAG it will re-
route from the other side of Ring.
Diagram showing the above mentioned scenario.

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Types of MSAGs:
 Indoor
o Huawei
o ZTE
 Outdoor
o Huawei
o ZTE
o Alcatel
All MSAGs are controlled by soft switches (software).
GISB:
A GISB provides both VOIP (voice over IP) and data i.e. ADSL. For
GISB only indoor have soft switches and only indoor can be controlled by soft
switches.
Soft Switches:
Soft Switches are soft wares that control working of MSAGs. Every
Information regarding an MSAG is available on a soft switch. If an MSAG is down
or having any issue it will be reported on soft switch. There are different types of
alarms related to an MSAG. These alarms are identified from their colors which are
as follows.
Alarm Color Identification
Red  Dead
Yellow  Warning
Blue  Active

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TRANSMISSION TECHNOLOGY
There are two different kind of transmission technologies currently operational
in PTCL network
 ZTE
 Huawei`
Optical Distribution Frame
AsMSAG’s are used in switching, in transmission we have SDH and DWDM.
Ring Topology:

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Ring topology is used in transmission because if one side connection is lost.
The other side can recover its traffic.
In transmission, the exchanges types and their connections are shown in the
diagram below
Scenario:

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Pakistan is divided into two regions
 CTR region
 LTR region
In PTCL ROC two groups of transmission are working
Long distance:
Long distance control the transmission lines between cities.
Short Distance:
Short distance control the transmission line intercity (Lahore)
Testing of transmission lines:
Each transmission line between the two ends have its own threshold value,
which is assign by the vendor, operator resets the transmission line and send the
voltage in each line. That voltage deteriorates till the end point, if the end point
value is very near to the threshold value then the operator informs the field team to
inspect the line.
The field team use a device name OTDR which is shown in the figure below
This device when connected shows a graph which is between power loss and
distance from OTDR. An example of this graph is given.

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This graph shows connectors, and splice positions and the amount of power
loss at this point. If the power loss is more then they change the respective point or
repair the break point in transmission.
About ZTE: - (Zhongxing
Telecommunication Equipment Corporation)
ZTE was introduced in the Pakistani market in 1999 with its
headquarters in Islamabad and major offices in Lahore and Karachi. Providing
Telecom Equipment, Network Solutions and Managed Services to telecom
operators in Pakistan i.e. PTCL, Telenor, Zong.

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RECOMMENDATION AND
CONCLUTION
As an internee at PTCL specifically at Regional Operation Centre (ROC)
Lahore, I have seen ROC’s staff and its top management quite committed to their
duties. The working environment here is very promising and up to date. Comparing
this organization from its past decade performance one can easily analyze that
PTCL is performing way better as a Semi-Govt. organization.
The current vendors that is ZTE, Alcatel and Huawei are back bone of this
organization. Specifically the core network of switching and transmission
technology is standing on it. No doubt these vendors are internationally well
renowned and I believe discarding Siemens and Ericson by these vendors was a
positive sign for PTCL.
Overall PTCLstill behaves asa monopoly. It hasto change its attitude on some
serious issues like avoiding billing errors and providing competent and courteous
service to its customers, this is essential if PTCL wants to show that it is
transforming itself to a competitive company which cares for its customers.
PTCL has a good future. It should train its employees according to needs of
work and it should also train them according to the modern needs of technology as
world is moving faster in every field of Science.
PTCL by following its motto i.e. “Say Hello to the Future” is contributing
a lot for turning Pakistan into a developed country.