The document provides information about the history and definition of interior design. It discusses how the terms "interior decorator" and "interior designer" emerged in the early 1900s and 1930s. It also outlines key elements of interior design like space, line, form, light, color, texture, pattern, and six principles of interior design such as balance, scale, rhythm, contrast, focus, and unity. Finally, it briefly profiles two famous Filipino interior designers, Tessa Alindogan and Nix Alañon.

1. Presented by: Clarin, Meryl
Malazarte, Sharmine Faith
Manongsong, Shena
INTERIOR DESIGN
GROUP 8

2. A Brief History of
Interior Design

3. In the early 1900’s, the term “Interior Decorator” was first used in America. Most decorators at the time
had no academic credentials, but the best of them had a combination of good taste, common senses, and
natural talent to interpret and address the issues, such as scale and proportion. Elsie de Wolfe became the
first Interior Decorator to be given a design “commission.” In 1913, Elsie de Wolfe published the first interior
design book, “The House in Good Taste.” Dorothy Draper was the first documented commercial Interior
Decorator, establishing her design firm in 1923.
The term “Interior Designer” was coined in the 1930’s, by a magazine called “Interior Design and
Decoration.” That magazine was not printed between 1943 and 1952, but a competing magazine, “Interiors,”
insisted on using only the term “interior designer,” not “decorator.” At this time design schools also recognized
the work not only of designers but also of architects and engineers. “Interiors” published more contract work
than residential work. When “Interior Design and Decoration” magazine resumed publication, it dropped the
term “and Decoration” from its name.

4. According to International Interior Design Association (IIDA) Interior design is defined as the
professional and comprehensive practice of creating an interior environment that addresses, protects,
and responds to human need(s). It is the art, science, and business planning of a creative, technical,
sustainable, and functional interior solution that corresponds to the architecture of a space, while
incorporating process and strategy, a mandate for well-being, safety, and health, with informed
decisions about style and aesthetics.
Interior Design
An interior designer is someone who plans, researches, coordinates, and manages such
enhancement projects.

5. Elements of Interior Design

6. Space
The foundation of an interior, space is a fundamental concept to understand, ensuring you’re best
equipped to take advantage of what is available to you. The available ‘space’ usually can’t be easily
changed, so you need to work with what you have within the physical boundaries of the room.
Space can be split into two categories: positive and negative space. Positive space is space
containing objects, whilst negative space is the open/empty space (including any space between
objects).
Source Link: https://www.collaborativepractice.com/system/files/2%20-%20Elements%20of%20Interior%20Design.pdf

7. Line
Horizontal, vertical and dynamic lines help to shape a room and guide the eye. Creating lines
using the room’s furnishings and structural design can form harmony, unity and contrast.
Horizontal lines, created
by tables and other
surfaces, give a sense of
stability, formality and
efficiency.
Vertical lines, created by
features such as
windows and doorways,
evoke feelings of
freedom and strength.
Dynamic lines refer to
diagonal, zigzag or curved
lines. Such lines can be
found in stairs, for example,
and provide energy and
movement.
Source Link: https://www.collaborativepractice.com/system/files/2%20-%20Elements%20of%20Interior%20Design.pdf

8. Form is the shape of
the room, as well as any
objects within the room. In
other words, it relates to the
physical form of anything that
is three dimensional
Form
Source Link: https://www.collaborativepractice.com/system/files/2%20-%20Elements%20of%20Interior%20Design.pdf

9. Natural or man-made
light is a critical aspect of any
space. Without it, all of the
other elements would not be
able to shine to their full
potential. Light can be broken
into the categories of task
lighting (defined purpose),
accent lighting (emphasizing
objects) and mood lighting
(adding ambience).
Light
Source Link: https://www.collaborativepractice.com/system/files/2%20-%20Elements%20of%20Interior%20Design.pdf

10. Color
Is a science all on its own, and is another extremely important element that interior designers
master. It has the ability to create mood, define unity and alter the perception of how large or small a
space is.
Source Link: https://www.collaborativepractice.com/system/files/2%20-%20Elements%20of%20Interior%20Design.pdf

11. Texture
Refers to the tactile surface of an object or finish. It’s an element that is often overlooked, but really
does have the ability to bring a unique dimension to the room. Just like mixing color and pattern, an interior
designer mixes the textures within a space to give a subtle sense of depth. From furniture to accessories
to fabric, texture has the ability to add interest and detail, making it visually pleasing to the eye.
Visual texture refers to
texture that is perceived by
the eye. In other words, this is
the impression of texture one
gets by only viewing an
object.
Actual or tactile
textures can be seen or
felt and has 3D
characteristics.
Source Link: https://www.collaborativepractice.com/system/files/2%20-%20Elements%20of%20Interior%20Design.pdf

12. Pattern
Paired with color, pattern offers a similar use to texture in that it can add appeal to a room. A
pattern is created by the use a repetitive design and can be found in wallpaper, soft furnishings, rugs and
fabrics. Patterns come in various types, such as stripes, geometric, pictorial, organic, motif and animal
prints.
Source Link: https://www.collaborativepractice.com/system/files/2%20-%20Elements%20of%20Interior%20Design.pdf

14. 6 Key Principles of Interior
Design
❑ ability to see and use design as a story
❑ can invoke emotions only a top caliber design
can deliver.

15. 6 Key Principles of Interior
Design
1. Principle of Balance
❑ Balance is all about achieving
equilibrium that pleases the eye.
❑ Traditional interior design
incorporates symmetrical
balance, a technique that
attempts to make both sides of
the room mirror one another.
https://theinterioreditor.com/interior-design/balance-
how-it-works-an-interior-design-principle/

16. ❑ Asymmetry, a deviation from
symmetrical balance where the
room is designed with dissimilar
fixture design and arrangement yet
maintains the same visual weight.
6 Key Principles of Interior
Design
https://havenly.com/blog/asymmet
rical-balance-interior-design

17. ❑ Radial symmetry is an
unconventional approach to the
principle of balance, where the
central point incorporates a spiral
pattern either as fixtures or even as
the part of the room itself. A spiral
staircase is a good example.
6 Key Principles of Interior
Design
https://www.thestyleinspiration.com/15-spiral-stairs-
ideas-for-interiors-and-their-principles/

18. 2. Principle of Scale
❑ The principle of scale deals with the
harmonious proportion of a room to
its decorative fixtures and vice versa.
❑It refers to how well your pieces fit
in your space.
6 Key Principles of Interior
Design
https://www.architecturaldigest.com/gallery/how-to-master-
scale-design-proportion-like-a-decorator

19. 3. Principle of Rhythm
❑ Rhythm sets the visual movement of the room’s
design.
❑ Repetition is a classic technique of the principle of
rhythm that utilizes the same aesthetic elements,
like maintaining the fixture or the design’s
characteristics and quality. Progression is
assembling aesthetic elements in an escalating
fashion like arranging fixtures from smallest to
biggest or a arranging your wallpaper’s hue from
lightest to darkest.
6 Key Principles of Interior Design
https://www.fromthefloorsup.com/2019/08/principles-of-
interior-design-rhythm/

20. 4. Principle of Contrast
❑ Contrast is the key design principle
that will help your room’s focus ‘pop
out’ in a visually appealing manner.
❑Among the well-known techniques
used in the principle of contrast is
using contrasting colors, such as black
and white, or using contrasting
shapes, like circles and squares.
6 Key Principles of Interior Design
https://visscom.wordpress.com/2013/04/08/
principle-of-contrast/

21. 5. Principle of Focus/ Emphasis
❑ Focus is about putting emphasis on a
room’s key aesthetic points.
❑ The key points should serve as the
design’s main visual attraction while all
the other details, like color, scale, and
balance, will serve as the proverbial
spotlight that will embellish the room’s
focus.
6 Key Principles of Interior Design
http://st.houzz.com/simgs/d3617a2700a5a00a_8-
4288/transitional-living-room.jpg

22. 6. Principle of Unity
❑ Unity is the overarching theme that keeps the
big picture in perspective, the principle modern
interior designers held as most important.
❑ The principle of unity asserts the need to have
the other principles, balance, scale, rhythm, and
focus, aligned and complement each other well
to achieve a sustainable design harmony. Unity
underscores the need to see design as a whole
made up of a series of aesthetic schemes that
work to achieve uniformity right from the colors
up to the shape of the fixtures.
6 Key Principles of Interior Design
https://vwartclub.com/?section=learning&category=interior+
design&article=interior-design-the-principles-of-design-part-ii

23. THE BEST AND FAMOUS
INTERIOR DESIGNERS
IN THE PHILIPPINES
Presented by: Meryll A. Clarin
BSED English 3A

24. TESSA ALINDOGAN
❖Studied architectural interior design in Inchbald
School of Design in London.
❖Holds a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Psychology and
a Masters Degree in Education in Notre Dame de
Namur University in Belmont, California.
❖She is the principal designer of her company, A
Design Group.
❖Works on several residential and commercial
projects since the early 90’s.
❖She is also an accomplished artist who does
modern abstract paintings – her medium is acrylic on
canvas.

25. EXAMPLE WORK OF
TESSA ALINDOGAN
Photo by: Toto Labrador

26. NIX ALAÑON
❖He is the principal designer for his eponymous
business, FTA Design.
❖His company provides design and decorating services,
ensuring that their future clients bespoke dreams can
come true.
❖He is the former Editor in Chief of My Home Magazine.
❖He recently opened PheoNix Home, an elegant
furniture, and home accessories store where you can
check out endless gorgeous and meticulously crafted
creations.

27. EXAMPLE WORKS OF NIX
ALAÑON
PheoNix Home FTA Design

28. CYNTHIA AND IVY ALMARIO
❖They were sisters working together in one company.
❖They created Atelier Almario, an established design
studio known for luxurious residential abodes, and
founded on their core competencies.
❖Both sisters have kept their creative justice flowing be
being disciplined toward their craft.

29. EXAMPLE DESIGN OF
CYNTHIA AND IVY
ALMARIO
Photo from: Instagram/Atelier
Almario

30. CHAT FORES
❖Founder of Chat Fores Design Studio focusing on
residential, commercial, and corporate interior design.
❖Holds a Bachelor of Arts Degree in Interior Design at
Assumption College, 1996.
❖A licensed interior designer where she worked for 6
years at Leandro V. Locsin Partner, an internationally
acclaimed Architectural firm in Manila.

31. EXAMPLE WORK OF CHAT
FORES

32. YOLA JOHNSON
❖Modern artist ad craftswoman, Yola Perez Johnson,
loves doing the unexpected.
❖Yola was a child when her renegade streak began
manifesting itself.
❖She is an architect, writer, photographer, yoga teacher,
tango enthusiast and an animal welfare supporter.

33. EXAMPLE
WORK OF
YOLA
JOHNSON

34. BAMBI MAÑOSA
❖The Creative Officer, Interior Design Department at
Mañosa Corporation.
❖She is the daughter of National Artists for Achitecture,
Bobby and Denise Mañosa.
❖She is the co-creator of Awit at Laro and the current
president of Museo Pambata.

35. EXAMPLE DESIGNS BY BAMBI
MAÑOSA

36. Thank you for
following along!
Have a Good Day!