Bhagyashri Simpson ,Interior Design

Project Report On
Residential Space Planning
At
Dezyne E’cole College
Ajmer
Submitted To
Dezyne E’cole College
Towards The
Partial Fulfilment Of
1st Year Residential Design Diploma
By
Bhagyashri Simpson
Dezyne E’Cole College
106/10, Civil Lines, Ajmer
Tel.: 0145 – 2624679
www.dezynecole.com
2016 – 2017
Today a Reader
Tomorrow a Leader

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I, Bhagyashri Simpson, student of Interior Design Department at Dezyne E’cole
College, am extremely grateful to each and every individual who has contributed in
successful completion of my project.
I express my gratitude towards Dezyne E’cole College for their guidance and constant
supervision as well as for providing the necessary information and support regarding
the completion of project.
Thank you.

GRADE SHEET
This project report of Miss Bhagyashri Simpson of Interior Design 1st Year Diploma in
Residential Design, NSQF level 5 of NSDC, has been checked and graded as
_______________________.
Thank You.
_______________
Principal
(Seal And Signature)

SYNOPSIS
This project report on residential space planning has been created and developed by
me, during my study of residential spaces confirming to NSQF level 5 of NSDC.
In this project I have discussed how residential spaces need to be devised as per
climatology and bio climatic design of Rajasthan, Green Building Concepts, using
Orientation, Daylight, Ventilation and Landscaping of land. Through landscaping I
learnt that the Micro Climate can be lowered by 6- 8° on the plot and this has been
inculcated in my design of residential plot.
Further I paid attention to the Building By – Laws of the plot and then as per the
study of spaces and how planning is done as per Louis Kahn principles, I have devised
the plan of the residential area; using concept of Watcher for a Living Room,
attending to Served and Servant Areas.
While devising the plan I even paid attention on different types of approaches and
entrances to the house and leveling of space. I even paid attention in the planning as
to how shapes develops into forms and forms follows functions. The way forms are
clustered to make a cohesive zone of space planning.
Finally I studied about the client and created various designing boards and designed
the space.
I request you to kindly go through my portfolio pages. As a novice in this field I have
tried my level best to bring out the best of my knowledge gained at Dezyne E’cole
College.

CONTENTS
1
Introduction To
Interior Design
Page 1
2
Introduction To
Residential
Design Page 5
4
Research
Analysis Page 11
3
Case Study
Page 9
5
Planning
Process
Page 32
7
Design
Development
Page 81
6
Space
Planning Page 53

INTRODUCTION TO
R e s i d e n t i a l D e s i g n P o r t f o l i o
Interior Design

INTERIOR DESIGN
A question that plagues everyone’s mind is, “Why should we employ an interior
designer to build our house? Our house is something so personal to us. We have
unique tastes. How can an interior designer incorporate our taste in a structurally
sound house?”
An interior designer takes a holistic view of the way that individuals use and
enjoy the spaces that they inhabit. He discovers the problems from a
professional and scientific point of view only to provide the solution in a
sophisticated manner– something that ordinary people cannot do.
A good interior designer increases our efficiency in the way we go about our daily
lives and it adds depth, understanding and meaning to the built environment.
Thoughtful and well-crafted design makes a space easier to understand,
experience and live in.
An interior designer not only incorporates their client’s aesthetics but also
provides a practical and philosophical discipline to the space. Spaces that purely
boast about status can be illogical and prove to be difficult to live in, since an
ordinary planner concentrates purely on the client’s aesthetics.
1. Interior Design as Skill or Branch: Interior design has certain affinity to
architecture. In recent years, many other design skills like urban design,
town planning, mass or public housing, landscape architecture, etc., have
emerged from architecture. In future many other skills may also emerge
from interior design.
2. Buildings and Design Interventions: Architects or Building Engineers, in
historical times, constructed interiors once and appointed painters who
took up the task of renovating the entire house. All services were handled
by a person, the Interior Decorator.
2

3
3. Design Studio: The Interior Designer now operated from a design office
or studio, usually located in an urban area. The studio as used for creating
drawings, sketches, models, prototypes, etc. The studio was a fixed
location facility where interior designer was able to meet clients,
suppliers and craft persons.
4. Design + Execution Practice: Amateur interior designers lack the capacity
to document their design intentions, so they prefer to work on the site.
Many interior designers, even today, where practicable, like to execute
their work by themselves and gain practice of the same.
6. Interior Design and other Design Professions: Interior designers work in
conjunction with other professionals, who need their services, such as
architects, building engineers, landscape designers and Furniture and
Product designers. Interior designers use expertise of environmental
engineers,, ecologists, furnishing experts, textile designers, painters,
sculptors, and an array of craft persons for their work.
7. Specialisation in Interior design: As and when opportunities arise, a
designer prefers projects that build up the specific sphere of experience.
The refined capability can then be used for handling similar but complex
jobs. Some degree of specialisation is visible in interior design, for
example the field of retail designing, environment facilities, public space
design, etc.
8. Opportunities for Interior Designers:
i. Interior Designers in Variety of Fields - Independent design
professional, free lancer, conditional associate.
ii. Interior Designers in Materials and Finishes - Conservators,
reservers, and renovators.
iii. Interior Designers in Reformation Skills - Renovations and
alterations.
iv. Interior Designers in Product Design Decision - Products include
furniture and furnishings, fixtures and fittings, tools, gadgets,
equipments, etc.

INTRODUCTION TO
Residential Design

6
RESIDENTIAL DESIGN
Residential design residential design is the design of the interior of private
residences. As this type design is very specific for individual situations, the needs
and wants of the individual are paramount in this area of interior design. The
interior designer may work on the project from the initial planning stage or may
work on the remodeling of an existing structure. It is often a very involved
process that takes months to fine-tune and create a space with the vision of the
client.
Residential Interior Designers coordinate the interiors of homes, which means
that their job is very different than someone who designs something like a bank
or a commercial center. Interior design is always A matter of balancing aesthetic
and function, so we need to consider the primary function of a residence: it's a
place where people live. Therefore, a residential designer's primary focus is
creating a livable space. This means that residential designs needs to be
comfortable and useable.
Think of what you use your home for. It's where you relax, cook, and eat. It may
be where you entertain close friends or small groups of guests. You may have a
home office for working.
Residential needs tend to be focused on smaller groups and relaxed atmospheres
than you'd find in a commercial building, and the interior designers needs to
ensure that the colours, lighting, furniture, appliances, temperature, and general
layout meet these needs. In other words, the interior needs to be livable.

7
Since, Residential Interior Design is focused on livability, designers and architects
must work closely together. Occasionally, the architect will take charge of interior
design (Frank Lloyd Wright was famous for doing this), but more frequently the
architect works closely with a designer whose sole job is planning the interior
aesthetic. In fact, a single residence may utilize multiple designers who each
specialize in one area of living: the kitchen, the bedrooms, home offices, etc.
The balance of private and public spaces means that interior designers need to
know how to divide space within a residence. This is often done with
architectural features like walls and windows, but just as frequently is a matter of
aesthetic design. Imagine a house with a central kitchen that opens into a dining
room, a living room, and a foyer. Without adding additional architectural
features, we can completely change the relationship between these spaces.
In terms of architecture, however, there are a few major things that the designer
will often add or change to the architect's plan. Does the designer envision a
more open interior feel? Then they may suggest removing non – essential walls
and adding more windows for natural lighting. Does the designer want a more
intimate feel? Lower ceilings, fewer windows, and tighter spaces may do the
trick. The designer's job is to manage architectural features so as to ensure the
appropriate balance of private versus public space. All residences require both.
Public spaces, like dining rooms or living rooms, tend to feel open and airy.
Private spaces, like bedrooms, tend to be more intimate and enclosed. Interior
designers work with architects to ensure that the physical building balances
needs of living.

CASE STUDY

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CASE STUDY
You’re supposed to make a plan of a house. The land area is 50’x60’ (excluding
walls) for a client Mr. Patel (aged 44) who has four members in his family,
consisting of his wife (aged 41) and two sons (aged 17 and 15 respectively).
Apart from the basic needs of the house, they asked for certain areas for their
house which are as follows:
• Guest Room
• Master Bedroom
• Two children’s Bedrooms
• Sit Out Area
• Living Room with Dining and Kitchen
• Powder Room
• Garden Area
• Separate Garden with Master Bed Room
• Study Room
Main
Entrance
Front Setback
10’
Setback
5’
Setback
5’
Setback
5’
N

RESEARCHANALYSIS
Building Climatology
• Site Consideration
• Bioclimatic Design
• Bioclimatic Strategies
• Green Building Design
• Micro and Macro Climate
• Orientation
• Daylight
• Ventilation

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SITE CONSIDERATION
LOCATION OF INDIA
AJ
M
ER
India is situated in the continent of Asia. It is the seventh-largest country in the
world, with a total area of 3,287,263 km2 (1,269,219 sq mi). India measures
3,214 km (1,997 mi) from north to south and 2,933 km (1,822 mi) from east to
west.
India lies in the Northern hemisphere and Eastern hemisphere between latitudes
8°4′N and 37°6’N and longitudes 68°7′E and 97°25′E. It is divided by Tropic of
Cancer 23°30′N in almost two equal parts. The upper half has a temperate cooler
climate and the lower half has a tropical climate.

13
LOCATION OF RAJASTHAN
Rajasthan is located between latitudes 23°30‘N and 30°11‘N and longitudes
69°29‘E and 78°17‘E. It is the largest state of India in terms of area, covering
342,239 km
2
(132,139 sq mi). The northwestern portion of Rajasthan is generally
sandy and dry. Most of this region is covered by the Thar Desert. The Aravalli
Range and the lands to the east and southeast of the range are generally more
fertile and better watered.

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LOCATION OF AJMER
Ajmer is one of the major and oldest cities of Rajasthan and the centre of the
eponymous Ajmer District. The distance of Ajmer from Rajasthan’s capital city of
Jaipur is 135 km.
Ajmer has a hot, semi-arid climate and temperatures remain relatively high
throughout the year, with the summer months of April to early July having an
average daily temperature of about 28°C – 40°C. The winter months of
November to February are mild and temperate with average temperatures
ranging from 10°C – 18°C.

15
SITE LOCATION IN AJMER
Site
Main Road
Khadim Hotel
Savitiri Girls
College
ResidentialArea
ResidentialArea
The site is located in Civil Lines in Ajmer.
The distance from the major landmarks is:
Distance from Bus Stand – 0.9 km.
Distance from Railway Station – 2.3 km.
Distance from the nearest Hospital (Ajmer
Hospital) – 0.3 km.
Distance from Main Market Area – 3 km.

16
BIOCLIMATIC DESIGN
Bioclimatic design has developed out of a sensitivity to ecological and regional
contexts and the need to conserve energy and environmental resources.
Bioclimatic approaches to architecture offer a way to design for long term and
sustainable use of environmental and material resources.
Bioclimatic Design was promoted in a series of publications in the 1950s in Fitch
and Siple 1952 and Olgyay and Olgyay 1957).
In using the term “bioclimatic”, Architectural design is linked to the biological,
physiological and psychological need for health and comfort. Bioclimatic design
approaches to design attempt to create comfort conditions in buildings by
understanding the microclimate and resulting design strategies that include
natural ventilation, daylighting, and passive heating and cooling.

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BIOCLIMATIC DESIGN STRATEGIES
In winter (or under-heated periods), the objectives of bioclimatic design are to
resist loss of heat from the building envelope and to promote gain of solar
heat. In summer (or over-heated periods), these objectives are the reverse, to
resist solar gain and to promote loss of heat from the building interior.
The strategies can be set forth as:
• Minimize Conductive Heat Flow: This strategy is achieved by using
insulation. It is effective when the outdoor temperature is significantly
different—either lower or higher than the interior comfort range. In
summer, this strategy should be considered whenever ambient
temperatures are within or above the comfort range and where natural
cooling strategies cannot be relied upon to achieve comfort (that is,
mechanical air conditioning is necessary).
• Delay Periodic Heat Flow: While the insulation value of the building
materials is well understood, it is not widely appreciated that building
envelope materials also can delay heat flows that can be used to improve
comfort and to lower energy costs. Time-lag through masonry walls, for
example, can delay the day’s thermal impact until evening and is a
particularly valuable technique in hot arid climates with wide day-night
temperature variations.
• Minimize Infiltration: “Infiltration” refers to uncontrolled air leakage
through joints, cracks, and faulty seals in construction around doors and
windows. Infiltration (and the resulting “exfiltration” of heated or cooled
air) is considered the largest and potentially the most intractable source
of energy loss in a building, once other practical insulation measures have
been taken.

GREEN BUILDING DESIGN
18
• Provide Thermal Storage: Thermal mass inside of the insulated envelope
is critical to dampening the swings in air temperature and in storing heat
in winter and “coolth” in summer. (The term “coolth”, coined by John
Yellott, describes the heat storage capacity of a cooled thermal mass, that
is, its capacity to serve as a heat sink for cooling).
• Promote Solar Gain: The sun can provide a substantial portion of winter
heating energy through elements such as equatorial-facing windows and
greenhouses, and other passive solar techniques which utilize spaces to
collect store, and transfer solar heat.
• Minimize External Air Flow: Winter winds increase the rate of heat loss
from a building by “washing away” heat and thus accelerating the cooling
of the exterior envelope and also by increasing infiltration (or more
properly, exfiltration) losses. Siting and shaping a building to minimize
wind exposure or providing wind-breaks can reduce the impact of such
winds.
• Promote Ventilation: Cooling by air-flow through an interior may be
propelled by two natural processes, cross-ventilation (wind driven) and
stack-effect ventilation (driven by the buoyancy of heated air even in the
absence of external wind pressure). A fan can be used to augment natural
ventilation cooling in the absence of sufficient wind or stack-pressure
differential.
• Minimize Solar Gain: The best means for ensuring comfort from the heat
of summer is to minimize the effects of the direct sun, the primary source
of overheating, by shading windows from the sun, or otherwise
minimizing the building surfaces exposed to summer sun, by use of radiant
barriers, and by insulation.

19
• Promote Evaporative Cooling: Sensible cooling of a building interior can
be achieved by evaporating moisture into the incoming air stream, (or, if
an existing roof has little insulation, by evaporatively cooling the exterior
envelope, such as by a roof spray). These are simple and traditional
techniques and most useful in hot-dry climates if water is available for
controlled usage. Modern evaporative cooling is achieved with an
economizer-cycle evaporative cooling system, instead of, or in conjunction
with, refrigerant air conditioning.

20
The terms “green building” and “sustainable design” are often used
interchangeably to describe any building designed in an environmentally
sensitive manner. However, sustainability not only calls for a whole-system
approach to development that encompasses the notion of green building but
also addresses broader social, ethical, and economic issues, as well as the
community context of buildings. As an essential component of sustainability,
green building seeks to provide healthy environments in a resource-efficient
manner using ecologically based principles.
LEED CERTIFICATION
Green building is increasingly governed by standards, such as the Leadership
in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED®) Green Building Rating System™,
which provides a set of measurable criteria that promote environmentally
sustainable construction. The rating system was developed by the U.S. Green
Building Council (USGBC) as a consensus
among its members—federal/state/local
agencies, suppliers, architects, engineers,
contractors, and building owners—and is
continually being evaluated and refined
in response to new information and
feedback. In July 2003, Canada obtained
a license from the USGBC to adapt LEED
rating system to Canadian circumstances.
LEED®
To aid designers, builders, and owners, achieve LEED certification for specific
building types and phase of a building life cycle, the USGBC has developed a
number of versions of the LEED rating system:

21
• LEED-NC: New Construction and Major Renovation
• LEED-CI: Commercial Interiors
• LEED-CS: Core/Shell
• LEED-EB: Existing Buildings
• LEED-Homes
• LEED-ND: Neighbourhood Developments
• LEED for Schools
• LEED for Healthcare
• LEED for Labs
• LEED for Retail
The LEED rating system for new construction addresses six major areas of
development.
 Sustainable Sites: Deals with reducing the pollution associated with
construction activity, selecting sites appropriate for development,
protecting environmentally sensitive areas and restoring damaged habitats,
encouraging alternative modes of transportation to reduce the impact of
automobile use, respecting the natural water hydrology of a site, and
reducing the effects of heat islands.
 Water Efficiency: Promotes reducing the demand for potable water and
generation of wastewater by using water-conserving fixtures, capturing
rainwater recycled graywater for conveying sewage, and treating
wastewater with on-site systems.
 Energy and Atmosphere: Encourages increasing the efficiency with which
buildings and their sites acquire and use energy, increasing renewable,
nonpolluting energy sources to reduce the environmental and economic
impacts associated with fossil fuel energy use, and minimizing the
emissions that contribute to depletion and global warming.

22
 Materials and Resources: Seeks to maximize the use of locally available,
rapidly renewable and recycled materials, reduce waste and the demand
for virgin materials, retain cultural resources, and minimize the
environmental impacts of new buildings.
 Indoor Environment Quality: Promotes the enhanced comfort,
productivity, and well-being of building occupants by improving indoor air
quality, maximizing daylighting of interior spaces, enabling user control of
lighting and thermal comfort systems to suit task needs and preferences,
and minimizing the exposure of building occupants to potentially
hazardous particulates and chemical pollutants, such as the volatile
organic compounds (VOC) contained in adhesives and coatings and the
urea-formaldehyde resins in composite wood products.
 Innovation and Design Process: Rewards exceeding the requirements set
by the LEED-NC Green Building Rating System and/or demonstrating
innovative performance in Green Building categories not specifically
addressed by the LEED-NC Green Building Rating System.
Water
Efficiency
Energy &
Atmosphere
Materials &
Resources
Sustainable
Sites
Innovation &
Design Process
Indoor
Environmental
Quality

23
MICRO & MACRO CLIMATE
MACRO CLIMATE
Macroclimate is the climate of large geographic areas such as geographic
zones, continents and oceans or large parts thereof, or even the entire earth.
Macroclimate deals with the main climatic features of these areas. If such a
part of the earth’s surface is sufficiently uniform in its geographic factors and
conditions of general atmospheric circulation, it will have a certain
macroclimate.
Macroclimates are characterised by quantitative indexes that refer to the
entire area being considered, that is, intervals within which particular climatic
characteristics change throughout the area or their average values for the
entire area.
The macroclimate is contrasted with the local climate and microclimate.
MICRO CLIMATE
A microclimate is a local set of atmospheric conditions that differ from those
in the surrounding areas, often with a slight difference but sometimes with a
substantial one. The term may refer to areas as small as a few square meters
or square feet or as large as many square kilometers or square miles.
Because climate is statistical, which implies spatial and temporal variation of
the mean values of the describing parameters, within a region there can occur
and persist over time sets of statistically distinct conditions, that is,
microclimates.
Site layout followed by landscaping can improve the microclimate around a
building, taking advantage of existing topographical features, adjacent
buildings, and vegetation for solar protection. Good site layout can also take
greater advantage of local breezes by the formation of air funnels and also aid
natural ventilation by staggering of the building layout. The presence of water
and vegetation on the site can also be used for natural cooling. Good site
layout can reduce cooling loads appreciably by optimising natural solar
protection and local breezes.

24
ORIENTATION
Design for orientation is a fundamental step to ensure that buildings work with
the passage of the sun across the sky. Knowledge of sun paths for any site is
fundamental in design building facades to let in light and passive solar gain, as
well as reducing glare and overheating to the building interior. The position of
the sun overheating to the building interior. It is important to remember that the
position of the sun in the sky is dynamic, changing according to the time of day,
time of year and the site’s latitude.
Considering building orientation is important:
i. To maximise daylighting and reduce the need of artificial lighting.
ii. To reduce overheating and glare in the interiors.
iii. To maximise natural ventilation.

25
SOUTH
NORTH
EASTWEST
Acceptable
Quadrant of
windows
orientation.
Preferred
zone for
building
orientation
Winter Sun
Summer Sun
Intense
Sun
Total Shade
First of all, we need to pay attention to the direction of the sun and its
movement in the four directions. If we pay attention to the diagram of the sun’s
movement we see the sun rises from the East and the color of the sun’s light at
that time is tender yellow, the whole South direction is completely lighted up
throughout the day and is the most hot direction but at the same time the cool
wind blows from west direction too. So it is very important to have the building
oriented from east to west because then the house will have more sunlight and
air.

EAST:
1. Bed Room
2. Guest Bed Room
3. Bath Room
4. Living Room
5. Balcony
6. Kitchen
WEST:
1. Stair Case
2. Corridors
3. Storage
NORTH:
1. Storage
2. Other Areas
3. Garden Area
4. Bed Room
5. Library
6. Short Trees
SOUTH:
1. Living Room
2. Kitchen
3. Dining
4. Study Room
5. Other Areas
6. Water Body
7. Long Trees
26

27
WEST
1. Stair Case
2. Corridors
3. Storage
EAST
1. Living Room
2. Balcony
3. Guest Bed Room
NORTH
1. Bed Room
2. Library
3. Garden Area
SOUTH
1. Study Room
2. Dining
3. Kitchen
Main Entrance
Covered Area
Set
Back
Set
Back
Set
Back
Set
Back

DAYLIGHTING
Daylighting is a passive strategy to use natural lighting to illuminate interior
spaces. Interior spaces with plenty of daylight tends to create fondness, liking
and is usually engraved in the occupants’ senses. People’s opinions on what
they believe to be valuable and close to them, as well what causes them to be
more productive, are more than enough of a motivation for architects to
introduce daylighting in their building designs. Daylighting can enhance
visibility and conserve energy.
The factors involved in the use of daylighting in a building are as follows:
• Aesthetics: The play of light from windows on surfaces and textures
casting interesting shadows; the endless variety of mood and appearances
due to the movement of the Sun.
• Psychological Response: The sense of well-being associated with daylight
and the sense of orientation that comes with being “connected” with the
exterior.
• Health: Improved resistance to infections, skin disorders, and
cardiovascular impairment.
• Energy/Cost: Reduction in electric use and related air conditioning from
electric lighting.
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29
DAYLIGHT - EXTERIORS
8 A.M. 9 A.M. 10 A.M.
11 A.M. 12 NOON 1 P.M.
2 P.M. 3 P.M. 4 P.M.

30
DAYLIGHT - INTERIORS
8 A.M. 9 A.M. 10 A.M.
11 A.M. 12 NOON 1 P.M.
2 P.M. 3 P.M. 4 P.M.

31
VENTILATION
Ventilation is the intentional introduction of ambient air into a space and is
mainly used to control indoor air quality by diluting and displacing indoor
pollutants; it can also be used for purposes of thermal comfort or
dehumidification. The correct introduction of ambient air will help to achieve
desired indoor comfort levels.
Natural ventilation is the process of supplying air to and removing air from an
indoor space without using mechanical systems. It refers to the flow of
external air to an indoor space as a result of pressure differences arising from
natural forces.
The benefits of natural ventilation include:
• Improved indoor air quality
• Energy savings
• Reduction of greenhouse gas emissions
• Occupant control
• Reduction in occupant illness associated with Sick Building Syndrome
• Increased worker productivity

PLANNINGPROCESS
Circulation Elements
• Approach
• Entrances
• Opening in Spaces
Building By – Laws
Louis Kahn Principles
Anthropometrics
Ergonomics
Universal Design

33
CIRCULATION
The path of our movement can be convinced as the perceptual
thread that links the spaces of a building, or any series of interior or
exterior spaces, together.
Since we move in Time through Sequence of Spaces, we experience a
space in relation to where we have been and where we anticipate
going. This assignment represents the principle components of a
building’s circulation system as positive elements that affect our
perception of the forms and spaces of the building.
Approach Entrance
Configuration of the Path Path – Space Relationship
Form of the Circulation Space

34
APPROACH
FRONTAL: A frontal approach leads directly to the entrance of a building along a
straight, axial path. The visual goal that terminates the approach is clear, it may
be the entire front facade of a building or an elaborated entrance within the
plane.
OBLIQUE: An oblique approach enhances the effect of perspective on the front
facade and a form of a building. The path can be redirected one or more times to
delay and prolong the sequence of the approach. If a building is approached at
an extreme angle, its entrance can project beyond its façade to be more clearly
visible.
SPIRAL: A spiral path prolongs the sequence of the approach and emphasizes the
three-dimensional form of a building as we move around its perimeter. The
building entrance might be viewed intermittently during the approach to clarify
its position or it may be hidden until the point of arrival.

35
ENTRANCES
Entering a building, a room within
a building, or a defined field of
exterior space, involves the act of
penetrating a vertical plane that
distinguishes one space from
another and separates “here”
from “there”.
Entrances may be grouped
formally into the following
categories: flush, projected, and
recessed. A flush entrance
maintains the continuity of the
surface of a wall and can be, if
desired deliberately obscured. A
projected entrance forms a
transitional space, announces its
function to the approach, and
provides overhead shelter. A
recessed entrance also provides
shelter and receives a portion of
exterior space into the realm of
the building.

36
OPENINGS IN SPACES
WITHIN PLANES: An opening can be located wholly within a wall or ceiling
plane and be surrounded on all sides by the surface of the planes.
AT CORNERS: An opening can be located along one edge or at a corner of a wall
or ceiling plane. In either case, the opening will be at a corner of a space.
Centered Off - Center
Grouped Deep - Set Skylight
Turning a Corner Grouped Skylight
Along Two EdgesAlong One Edge

37
BETWEEN PLANES: An opening can be extended vertically between the
floor and ceiling planes or horizontally between two wall planes. It
can grow in size to occupy an entire wall of a space.
HorizontalVertical
SkylightWindow - Wall¾ Opening

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BUILDING BY – LAWS
A bye – law is a local law framed by a subordinate authority.
The building codes or bye – laws are defined as standards and specifications
designed to great minimum safeguards to the workers during construction; to
the health and comfort of users; and to provide enough safety to the public is
general.
An order prescribed is known as the regulation, while the law of a local authority
is known as bye – law. Bye – law is supplementary law or regulation.
The bye – laws and regulations govern the following building aspects:
1. Set – back or building line.
2. Floor space index or built – up area.
3. Open space requirements around the building.
4. Size of the rooms.
5. Height of rooms and buildings.
6. Lighting and ventilation of rooms.
7. Water supply and sanitary provisions.
8. Structural design or sizes and sections.

39
BUILDING BY – LAWS
Living Room
Dining Room
Bedroom Bedroom
W.C. W.C.
Kitchen
Parking
Standard
15’ x 15’
Setback
Standard 5’
Front Setback
Standard 10’
Building Height: 10’
Plinth Level:
2’-6”
Front
Setback: 12’
Distance between
pillars 15’

40
LOUIS KAHN PRINCIPLES
The Principles Says That Every Human Has A Personality That Consists Of One Or
More Characteristics Like Wise, Rooms Also Have Different Personality And They
Work Accordingly.
Following Are The Principles Laid Down By Louis Kahn:
1. Leader- Living Room
2. Grouping – Living, Kitchen, Dining
3. Loner- Master Bedroom
4. Servant- Powder Room
5. Watcher- Living Room
6. Outreaching- Living Room
7. Worker- Kitchen
1. Leader: Leader means a person who leads and forms any group of followers.
While doing space planning, living room can be characterized as a leader.
2. Grouping: The space carrying the same character with other spaces is called
grouping. During space planning kitchen. Dining and living room must be grouped
together as these spaces are related to each other.
3. Loner: Loner is a space which requires more privacy of sight and sound and
avoids social interactions. This characteristic must be in master bedroom, so it is
kept isolated.
4. Servant: The space that serves other spaces in someway that needs to be
adjacent to them but prefer not to appeal visually. Servant is the powder room,
which in space planning must be situated near the kitchen, living and dining and
must not be seen.

41
5. Watcher: This type of character causes a space to locate beside the boundary
of the project for attractions in the environment. The attractions can be a garden,
a water body, etc.
6. Outreaching: The space with this character is located near the entrance or
corridor for meeting. This type of space represents the welcoming space.
7. Worker: The space that often supplies to other spaces is called as a worker. It
is not necessary that the space should be adjacent to the other space. A service
area usually has a worker character.
Points To Remember:
Living Room (Watcher): Needs to have big window, must have view of garden and
of main entrance, is an activity zone, must have sunlight i.e. the room must
remain lighted up with daylight.
Kitchen (Worker): Must be connected with living room, need to have a secondary
entrance, a connectivity with dining and with powder room.
Toilet (Servant): Must consists of a water closet and a wash basin. Must be
connected with kitchen, dining and living.
Master Bedroom (Loner): Isolation is required, privacy of sight must be there, a
view can be given with private garden.

42
ANTHROPOMETRICS
Anthropometry refers to the measurement of the human individual. An early tool
of physical anthropology, it has been used for identification, for the purposes of
understanding human physical variation, in paleoanthropology and in various
attempts to correlate physical with racial and psychological traits. Anthropometry
involves the systematic measurement of the physical properties of the human
body, primarily dimensional descriptors of body size and shape.
Today, anthropometry plays an important role in industrial
design, clothing design, ergonomics and architecture where statistical data about
the distribution of body dimensions in the population are used to optimize
products. Changes in lifestyles, nutrition, and ethnic composition of populations
lead to changes in the distribution of body dimensions and require regular
updating of anthropometric data collections.

50
ERGONOMICS
“Ergonomics is the scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of
the interactions among human and other elements of a system, and the
profession that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order
to optimize human well-being and overall system performance.”
- International Ergonomics Association Executive Council, August 2000
Ergonomics is the study of how a workplace and the equipment used there
can best be designed for comfort, efficiency, safety, and productivity. An
ergonomist designs or modifies the work to fit the worker, not the other way
around. The goal is to eliminate discomfort and risk of injury due to work.
When evaluating a job, looking for three main characteristics known as
Ergonomic Stressors: the force required to complete a task, any awkward or
static working postures adopted in completing a task, and the repetitiveness
of a task. Any of these factors, or any combination of these factors, may place
someone at greater risk for discomfort.

51
UNIVERSAL DESIGN
The goal of universal design is to create buildings, places, and details that
provide a supportive environment for a large number of individuals
throughout life’s variety of changing circumstances. All people experience
changes in mobility, agility, and perceptual acuity throughout their life spans.
At any time in our lives, we may experience temporary or permanent physical
or psychological impairments which may be disabling and which may increase
our dependence upon the physical environment. In addition, people are
diverse in size, preferences and abilities. Universal design responds to these
conditions and potentials and seeks to extend the human capacity by
accommodation supported by the designed environment.
Universal design makes the designer, the user and the building owner more
sensitive to what can be done to improve the long term quality of what we
build. Design and long-term building quality is improved by designing that
makes accessibility easier, reduces accidents and making the finding and
transit of goods and people easier, and designing details for people of all ages,
sixes, and capacities and increasing the working efficiency of the people in the
environment they live.

52
Following are the Principles Of Universal Design:
• Equitable Use: The design should be equally accessible and usable by
everyone irrespective of age, ability, and situation.
• Flexibility in Use: The design should accommodate a wide range of
individual preferences and abilities.
• Simple and Intuitive Use: The use of the design should be easy to
understand and use regardless of the user’s experiences, knowledge or
skills. It should accommodate newbies to expert level use.
• Perceptible Information: The design should communicate necessary
information effectively to the user.
• Tolerance for Error: Humans tend to make mistakes. Therefore, there
should be some accommodation for tolerance of error.
• Low Physical Effort: The design should be simple enough to reduce
physical effort so that it can be used efficiently and comfortably and with a
minimum of fatigue.
• Size and Space for Approach and Use: The design should be of
appropriate size and adequate space should be provided for approach,
reach and use regardless of user’s size, posture or mobility.

SPACE PLANNING
Brainstorming Papers
Architectural Layouts
Sectional Views
Rendered Views

Secondary Living
Room
This room is provided
for attending the
guests so that the
guests need not have
to know what’s going
around in the house.
Powder Room
Lavatory and toilet
facilities are provided.
It is connected to
Secondary Living,
Primary Living, and
Kitchen.
Primary Living Room
This area is provided
for the family’s sit –
out.
Guest Bedroom
This bedroom is
provided for the
guest. An attached
bathroom is provided
with the bedroom.
Guest Bedroom
12’6” x 13’
Guest
Bathroom
12’6” x 7’6”
Laundry
7’6” x 6’6”
Dining
Room
Kitchen
Vestibule
6’6” x 10’3”
Secondary Living
14’ x 14’6”
Primary Living
14’ x 15’3”
Powder
Room
5’3” x 4’9”
Deck Area
9’ x 10’
Garden
10’ x 11’
Parking
22’ x 19’
20’6” x 12’
Project Report Site Location Drawing Title Project Detail Design ByDate
Residential Planning Project Civil Lines ,
Ajmer, Rajasthan
India
Detailed Layout
(Ground Floor)
15 May 2017Patel Vilas
(Plot 52 ft. x 62 ft.)
Bhagyashri Simpson
1 Year Residential Interior Diploma
NSQF Level 5
KEY PLAN
1. Parking
2. Garden
3. Deck Area
4. Vestibule
5. Secondary Living
6. Powder Room
7. Primary Living
8. Kitchen
9. Dining Room
10. Laundry
11. Guest Bedroom
12. Guest Bathroom
Ground Floor
S.
No.
Room Size
Area
(Sq. Ft.)
1. Parking 22’ x 19’ 418 ft2
2. Garden 10’ x 11’ 110 ft2
3. Deck Area 9’ x 10’ 90 ft2
4. Vestibule 6’6” x 10’3” 67.9 ft2
5. Secondary Living 14’ x 14’6” 203 ft2
6. Powder Room 5’3” x 4’9” 25.9 ft2
7. Primary Living 14’ x 15’3” 214.2 ft2
8.
Kitchen
20’6” x 12’ 246 ft2
Dining Room
9. Laundry 7’6” x 6’6” 48.75 ft2
10. Guest Bedroom 12’6” x 13’ 162.5 ft2
11. Guest Bathroom 12’6” x 7’6” 93.75 ft2
Ground Floor Plan
Kitchen And Dining
Room
The kitchen and the
dining room have
been raised a level up.
A separate entrance is
provided for the easy
transfer of the goods
in and out of the
kitchen.

Ajmer, Rajasthan
India
Detailed Layout
(First Floor)
Bhagyashri Simpson
NSQF Level 5
Family Lounge
12’6” x 14’
Study Room
12’6” x 10’
Terrace Garden
17’9” x 14’
Closet
7’4” x 7’
Child Bedroom 2
12’6” x 14’
Child Bedroom 1
12’ x 10’9”
Master Bedroom
15’ x 15’
Bathroom 1
5’9” x 7’6”
Master
Bathroom
7’4” x 7’6”
Balcony
5’ x 9’
Balcony
5’ x 15’
Bathroom 2
7’6” x 9’
KEY PLAN
1. Family Lounge
2. Study Room
3. Children’s Bedroom with attached Bathroom
4. Balcony
5. Master Bedroom with Closet and attached Bathroom
6. Terrace Garden
First Floor
S.
No.
Room Size
Area
(Sq. Ft.)
1. Family Lounge 12’6” x 14’ 175 ft2
2. Study Room 12’6” x 10’ 126 ft2
3. Child Bedroom 1 12’ x 10’9” 130.8 ft2
4. Bathroom 1 5’9” x 7’6” 44.8 ft2
5. Child Bedroom 2 12’6” x 14’ 175 ft2
6. Bathroom 2 7’6” x 9’ 67.5 ft2
7. Balcony 5’ x 9’ 45 ft2
8. Master Bedroom 15’ x 15’ 225 ft2
9. Closet 7’4” x 7’ 51.8 ft2
10. Master Bathroom 7’4” x 7’6” 56.2 ft2
11. Balcony 5’ x 15’ 75 ft2
12. Terrace Garden 17’9” x 14’ 250.6 ft2
First Floor Plan
Family Lounge
for the family to sit
together and interact.
Children’s Bedroom
Two separate
bedrooms with
attached bathrooms
are provided for the
two children.
Master Bedroom
with attached Terrace
Garden, Balcony,
Closet and Bathroom.
Study Room
A separate room is
provided for the
children to study and
do their workings.

Ajmer, Rajasthan
India
Furniture Layout
(Ground Floor)
Bhagyashri Simpson
NSQF Level 5
KEY PLAN
1. Secondary Living Room Sofa
2. Secondary Living Room Table
3. Primary Living Table
4. Primary Living Sofa
5. Powder Room Lavatory
6. Powder Room Toilet
7. Dining Table
8. Dining Chair
Ground Floor Furniture Legend
S.No Product code Type Company Name Size (In Inches) Area
1. Osaka – CS29 Sofa Bo Concept 120” x 84” x 34” Secondary Living Room
2. Lugo – AM01 Table Bo Concept 36” x 36” 14” Secondary Living Room
3. Lugo – AM02 Table Bo Concept 36” x 24” x 14” Living Room
4. Cenova – FJ52 Sofa Bo Concept 96” x 72” x 34” Living Room
5. Escale K-19798W-00 Lavatory Kohler 16” x 16” Powder Room
6. Atlia – K-1804INO Toilet Kohler 25” x 29” x 16” Powder Room
7. Milano Table – T013 Dining Table Bo Concept 96” x 36” x 30” Dining Room
8. Lausanne Chair – D053 Dining Chair Bo Concept 18” x 20” x 36” Dining Room
9. Celebrity B4512201 Sink Cera 37” x 18” Kitchen
10. Sleek Range Hood Range Hood Sleek 36” x 36” Kitchen
11. RS51K54F01J Refrigerator Samsung 36” x 27” x 70” Kitchen
12. Anna Christian Werner Bed Ligne Roset 78” x 80” x 36” Guest Bedroom
13.
Everywhere Christian
Werner
Wardrobe Ligne Roset
60” x 24” x 74”
Guest Bedroom
14. WW60M206KMA
Washing
Machine
Samsung 24” x 18” x 34” Laundry
15. Adelaide – D029 Chair Bo Concept 24” x 22” x 34” Deck Area
16. Adelaide – 1450 Table Bo Concept 26” (Diameter) x 30” Deck Area
2
4
3
7
8
9
6
5
1
10
13
12
11
14
15
16
9. Kitchen Sink
10. Kitchen Range
11. Refrigerator
12. Guest Room Bed
13. Guest Room Closet
14. Washing Machine
15. Outdoor Chair
16. Outdoor Table

Ajmer, Rajasthan
India
Furniture Layout
(Ground Floor)
Bhagyashri Simpson
NSQF Level 5
Osaka – CS29
Bo Concept
Anna Christian Werner
Ligne Roset
Milano Table – T013
Bo Concept
Lugo – AM02
Bo Concept
Everywhere Christian Werner
Ligne Roset
Cenova – FJ52
Bo Cencept
Lausanne Chair – DD53
Bo Cencept
Adelaide – 1450 , Adelaide – D029
Bo Concept

Ajmer, Rajasthan
India
Furniture Layout
(First Floor)
Bhagyashri Simpson
NSQF Level 5
KEY PLAN
1. Family Lounge Sofa
2. Family Lounge Table
3. Family Lounge TV Unit
4. Study Room Desk
5. Study Room Chair
6. Study Room Wall Mounted Shelf
7. Outdoor Chair (Terrace Garden)
8. Outdoor Table (Terrace Garden)
9. Lavatory
10. Toilet
11. Bed
12. Wardrobe
13. Sofa
14. Master Bed
15. Wardrobe
First Floor Furniture Legend
S.No Product code Type Company Name Size (In Inches) Area
1. Cenova Sofa – GY52 Sofa Bo Concept 120” x 60” x 34” Family Lounge
2. Lugo – AM01 Table Bo Concept 36” x 36” x 14” Family Lounge
3. Lugano – LF00 TV Unit Bo Concept 120” x 12” x 76” Family Lounge
4. Cupertino – T033 Desk Bo Concept 40” x 22” x 30” Study Room
5. Adelaide - D041 Chair Bo Concept 24” x 24” x 32” Study Room
6. Meda – MG00 Wall System Bo Concept 90” x 14” x 72” Study Room
7. Adelaide – D029 Chair Bo Concept 24” x 22” x 34” Terrace Garden
8. Adelaide – 1450 Table Bo Concept 26” (Diameter) x 30” Terrace Garden
9. Escale Lavatory Kohler 25” x 20” x 34” Bathroom
10. Atlia – K-1804INO Toilet Kohler 25” x 29” x 16” Bathroom
11. Nador Bed Ligne Roset 60” x 80” x 34” Bedroom
12.
Everywhere Christian
Werner
Wardrobe Ligne Roset 60” x 24” x 74” Bedroom
13. Osaka – GC 29 Sofa Bo Concept 84” x 36” x 30” Master Bedroom
14. Lugano – CHW5 Bed Bo Concept 60” x 84” x 48” Master Bedroom
15. Lumeo Peter Maly Wardrobe Ligne Roset 84” x 24” x 90” Master Bedrom
3
2
1
4
5
6
8
7
9 10
12
11
13 14
15
11
12
10 9
9
10

Ajmer, Rajasthan
India
Furniture Layout
(First Floor)
Bhagyashri Simpson
NSQF Level 5
Osaka – CS29
Bo Concept
Osaka – GC29
Ligne Roset
Cenova Sofa – GY52
Bo Concept
Lugano – LF00
Bo Concept
Lumeo Peter Maly
Ligne Roset
Everywhere Christian Werner
Ligne Roset
Lugano – CHW5
Bo Cencept
Adelaide – 1450 , Adelaide – D029
Bo Concept

Ajmer, Rajasthan
India
Door And Window Layout
(Ground Floor)
Bhagyashri Simpson
NSQF Level 5
Ground Floor Door And Window Legend
S.No Code Type Size Area
1. G1 Main Gate 11’ x 5’ Entrance
2. D1 Single Door 4’ x 7’ Vestibule
3. D2 Single Door 4’ x 7’ Secondary Living Room
4. D3 Sliding Door 8’ x 7’ Secondary Living Room
5. D4 Single Door 3’ x 7’ Living Room
6. D5 Single Door 3’ x 7’ Powder Room
7. D6 Single Door 3’ x 7’ Guest Bedroom
8. D7 Single Door 3’ x 7’ Guest Bathroom
9. D8 Single Door 3’ x 7’ Laundry
10. D9 Single Door 3’ x 7’ Drying Zone
11. D10 Sliding Door 8’ x 7’ Dining Room
12. W1 Sliding Window 3’ x 4’ Kitchen
13. W2 Louvered Window 2’ x 2’ Laundry
14. W3 Louvered Window 2’ x 2’ Powder Room
15. W4. Fixed Window 3’ x 3’ Stairs
16. W5 Sliding Window 4’ x 4’ Guest Bedroom
17. W6 Louvered Window 2’ x 2’ Guest Bathroom
Ground Floor Door and Window LegendW5
D7
W2
W4
W3
D5
D10
D4
D1
W1
D2
D3
D6
W6
D8
D9
G1

Ajmer, Rajasthan
India
Door And Window Layout
(First Floor)
Bhagyashri Simpson
NSQF Level 5
First Floor Door And Window Legend
S.no Code Type Size Area
1. D1 Single Door 3’ x 7’ Family Lounge
2. D2 Single Door 3’ x 7’ Study Room
3. D3 Bi – fold Door 17’9” x 8’ Terrace Garden
4. D4 Single Door 3’ x 7’ Bedroom 1
5. D5 Single Door 3’ x 7’ Bathroom
6. D6 Single Door 3’ x 7’ Bedroom 2
7. D7 Single Door 3’ x 7’ Bathroom
8. D8 Single Door 3’ x 7’ Balcony
9. D9 Single Door 3’ x 7’ Master Bedroom
10. D10 Sliding Door 8’ x 7’ Terrace Garden
11. D11 Single Door 3’ x 7’ Closet
12. D12 Single Door 3’ x 7’ Master Bathroom
13. D13 Single Door 3’ x 7’ Balcony
14. W1 Fixed Window 3’ x 3’ Stairs
15. W2 Sliding Window 4’ x 4’ Family Lounge
16. W3 Sliding Window 4’ x 4’ Study Room
17. W4. Sliding Window 4’ x 4’ Bedroom 1
16. W5 Louvered Window 2’ x 2’ Bathroom
18. W6 Sliding Window 4’ x 4’ Bedroom 2
19. W7 Louvered Window 2’ x 2’ Bathroom
20. W8 Sliding Window 4’ x 4’ Master Bedroom
21. W9 Louvered Window 2’ x 2’ Master Bathroom
First Floor Door and Window Legend
W2
W1
W5
D3
D1 D2
W3
D10
D5
D9 D11
D4 D12
D6
D13 W9W8
W6
W7
D7
D8
W4

Ajmer, Rajasthan
India
Circulation Layout
(Ground Floor)
Bhagyashri Simpson
NSQF Level 5
Parking
Garden
Deck Area
Secondary Living
Room
Powder Room
Primary Living
Room
Kitchen
Dining Room
Laundry
Vestibule
Guest
Bathroom
Guest
Bedroom

Ajmer, Rajasthan
India
Circulation Layout
(First Floor)
Bhagyashri Simpson
NSQF Level 5
Master BedroomChild Bedroom 1
Bathroom 1
Terrace Garden
Study RoomFamily Lounge
Master
Bathroom
Closet
Balcony
Child Bedroom 2
Balcony
Bathroom 2

Ajmer, Rajasthan
India
Flooring Layout
(Ground Floor)
Bhagyashri Simpson
NSQF Level 5
Ground Floor Flooring Legend
S.No Code
Type of
Flooring
Area
1 F1 Tiles Paving
2 F2 Wood
Deck Area, Secondary Living, Guest
Bedroom
3 F3 Tiles Powder Room, Laundry, Guest Bathroom
4 F4 Marble
Living Room, Dining Room, Kitchen,
Stairs
F3
Guest Bedroom
Guest
Bathroom
Laundry
Dining
Room
Kitchen
Vestibule
Secondary Living
Primary Living
Powder
Room
Deck Area
Garden
Parking
F1
F2
F4
Vetanito White
Aravali Marfil
Granite Nero MattEucalyptus Cedar

Ajmer, Rajasthan
India
Flooring Layout
(First Floor)
Bhagyashri Simpson
NSQF Level 5
First Floor Flooring Legend
S.No Code
Type of
Flooring
Area
1 F1 Marble Study Room, Stairs, Corridor
3 F2 Wood Bedrooms, Terrace Garden
4 F3 Tiles Bathrooms, Balcony
Family Lounge Study Room
Terrace Garden
Closet
Child Bedroom 2
Child Bedroom 1
Master Bedroom
Bathroom 1
Master
Bathroom
Balcony
Balcony’
Bathroom 2
F1
F2
F3
Vetanito white
Aravali marfilEucalyptus cedar

Ajmer, Rajasthan
India
Layers 29 May 2017Patel Vilas
Bhagyashri Simpson
NSQF Level 5
FIRST FLOOR
First floor is planned by taking necessities
Of A person into consideration. Through
The application of anthropometrics,
Space planning has been done.
GROUND FLOOR
Ground Floor Is Planned By Taking The
Following Points Into Consideration;
Orientation, Government By – Laws.
TERRACE
A flat structure in the form of a terrace
has been constructed with parapet
walls raised by 30 inches.
PLINTH
Plinth level is raised by 2’ and the
Built – up area is raised by 2’ – 6”.

Ajmer, Rajasthan
India
Orthographic Projection 29 May 2017Patel Vilas
Bhagyashri Simpson
NSQF Level 5
Isometric View
Front View
Right View

Ajmer, Rajasthan
India
Orthographic Projection 29 May 2017Patel Vilas
Bhagyashri Simpson
NSQF Level 5
Isometric View
Back View
Left View

Ajmer, Rajasthan
India
Sectional Views 29 May 2017Patel Vilas
Bhagyashri Simpson
NSQF Level 5
A A’
Section A – A’
Top Plan
Section B – B’
Top Plan
B B’
Secondary Living
Room
Child Bedroom 1
Master
Bedroom
Dining And
Kitchen
Primary
Living
Room
Terrace Garden
Stairs
Terrace
Dining And
Kitchen Primary
Living Room

Ajmer, Rajasthan
India
Sectional Views 29 May 2017Patel Vilas
Bhagyashri Simpson
NSQF Level 5
C
C’
Section C – C’
Top Plan
Guest
Bedroom
Passage
Child
Bedroom 1
Primary
Living
Room
Family
Sit – Out
Area
D
D’
Top Plan Section D – D’
Study Room
Terrace Garden
Laundry
Primary
Living
Room
Master
Bedroom

Ajmer, Rajasthan
India
Rendered View 30 May 2017Patel Vilas
Bhagyashri Simpson
NSQF Level 5
Front View

Ajmer, Rajasthan
India
Rendered View 30 May 2017Patel Vilas
Bhagyashri Simpson
NSQF Level 5
Isometric View

DESIGN DEVELOPMENT
Case Study
• Architectural Layout
Design Process
Elements Of Design
Principles Of Design
Designing Boards
• Mood Board
• Colour Board
Final Composition

82
CASE STUDY
In the previously assigned Case Study, since the designing of the entire house
was impossible, I were to design only a part of the house. I chose to design
the Secondary Living Room for the same, keeping in mind the Elements and
Principles of Design, and the style and mood taken.

Ajmer, Rajasthan
India
Secondary Living Room
Plan
Bhagyashri Simpson
NSQF Level 5
14’ x 14’6
For designing a space, I chose Secondary Living Room,
measuring 14’ x 14’6. The space is meant for seating
guests who come over, and provides a scenic view to
deck area.

83
DESIGN PROCESS
During the process of Designing, a designer is required to follow a few steps
which are mentioned below.
DEFINE
The Problem
COLLECT
Information
BRAINSTORM
AND
ANALYSE
Ideas
DEVELOP
Solutions
IMPLEMENT
The Idea
EVALUATE
And Rectify
Errors

Ajmer, Rajasthan
India
Final Composition 01 June 2017Patel Vilas
Bhagyashri Simpson
NSQF Level 5
AA’
Composition Of Secondary Living Room
Section A – A’
Designing Principles:
• The point of focus or the
Emphasis Point is the wall
painting.
• The design is Visually
Balanced.
• The overall design follows the
principle of Unity.

THANK YOU
BHAGYASHRI SIMPSON
1ST Year Residential Design Diploma, NSQF Level 5 (NSDC)
Dezyne E’Cole College
www.dezyneecole.com

Bhagyashri Simpson ,Interior Design

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