Application of Nano Technology in Civil Engineering Construction MaterialsJournal For Research
There are many technologies whose applications are widely used in branch of civil engineering. There are both advantages and disadvantages of such technologies. But by using Nanotechnology the performance of material can be enhanced .Nanotechnology deals with understanding and controlling matter, atoms and molecules in the range of 0.1–100 nm (10-9 m). It creates materials, devices, and systems with new properties and functions. Nanoparticles have more surface area relative to their volume, making them useful in energy storage and for making composite materials. Nano materials are also able to be combined with biological materials, producing new structures that have properties of both types of materials. The role of nanotechnology in the infrastructure systems has the potential to set the civil engineering on a different height and widen the vision of civil engineering.
The major construction material that cost more are cement and gravel which
makes buildings costly. Palm kernel shells are locally available materials which can
be used in place of gravel. Previous works on the kernel shell shows that the strength
determined have met with the building requirements.
Concrete is the most common material used in construction, various research
work and experience gained shows that the quality and durability of concrete depend
mostly on the properties of its constituent, mix design, method of preparation, curing
etc. have their influence on it.
Tests results have shown that kernel shell concrete of mix ratio 1:2:4 has average
compressive strength of 5.6 N/mm2 at 14days curing while 12.47 N/mm2 at 28days of
curing.
Palm kernel shell produces a concrete with a lower compressive strength in
comparison with normal concrete with gravel.
The project in conclusion was a success as it took into consideration the economic
status quo of the population. This project help to provide new materials affordable for
the low income earners which helps in producing low cost houses and this does not
remove the criteria of performance for a material
Nano technology in civil engineering materials can enhance their properties and improve performance. It involves using nano-sized particles in materials like concrete, steel, and glass. In concrete, nano particles like fly ash, nano silica, carbon nano tubes, and titanium dioxide can increase strength and durability. They also improve concrete microstructure at the nano level. In steel, copper nano particles reduce fatigue by limiting stress risers. Nano steel has grain sizes smaller than conventional steel, producing unique properties. Nano glass uses nano silica layers for fire protection and titanium dioxide coating for self-cleaning and sterilization. Challenges include high costs, health effects, and environmental impacts that require further research to address.
The document discusses a presentation given on nanotechnology materials for sustainable construction. It covers several topics:
- An overview of nanotechnology and how it can revolutionize building materials through precise manipulation at the atomic scale.
- Examples of how nanotechnology is being applied to improve materials like steel, concrete, glass, drywall, fabrics, coatings, and insulation. This includes making materials stronger, more durable, energy efficient, and sustainable.
- A case study of how a nanogel acoustic insulation product was used to provide privacy in an open-plan office without walls, addressing new regulatory requirements. Testing showed the material effectively reduced noise transmission.
- Benefits of aerogel, a transparent nanotechnology insulation
Nanotechnology can improve many building materials. Concrete can be made stronger and more durable using nano-silica particles that improve packing and reduce water penetration. Glass can be made self-cleaning using titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Carbon nanotubes give steel 5 times the strength but only 1/6 the density when added to concrete. Nanoparticles in paints can make them more insulating and corrosion-resistant. While nanotechnology offers improvements, the main limitations are currently the high costs and potential environmental effects.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Experimental Study on Fiber Reinforced Concrete with Recycled Aggregate Repla...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study on fiber reinforced concrete with recycled aggregate replacing natural aggregate. Concrete samples were prepared with 0%, 5%, and 10% replacement of natural coarse aggregate with recycled aggregate from demolished buildings. Polypropylene fibers of 10mm length were added in proportions of 0%, 0.1%, and 0.15% of cement weight. Compressive strength, tensile strength, and split tensile strength were tested at 7, 14, and 28 days of curing. The results showed that the addition of polypropylene fibers increased the strengths of concrete with recycled aggregate replacement. The highest strengths were achieved with a fiber addition of 0.15% and 5% recycled aggregate replacement.
Investigation of Crack Width Development in Reinforced Concrete Beams Using F...IJERA Editor
Due to increase in thermal power plants in India lot of fly ash is produced. The disposal of fly ash causes
negative impact on the environment in the way of water pollution, air pollution and finally effect on the eco
system. Hence disposal of fly ash is challenging task for engineers.
Lot of earlier investigations reported that fly ash has some cementing properties it can be replaced as cement
upto some percentage. Hence in this investigation an attempt has been made to replace the cement by fly ash
and investigated the resulting properties.
Application of Nano Technology in Civil Engineering Construction MaterialsJournal For Research
There are many technologies whose applications are widely used in branch of civil engineering. There are both advantages and disadvantages of such technologies. But by using Nanotechnology the performance of material can be enhanced .Nanotechnology deals with understanding and controlling matter, atoms and molecules in the range of 0.1–100 nm (10-9 m). It creates materials, devices, and systems with new properties and functions. Nanoparticles have more surface area relative to their volume, making them useful in energy storage and for making composite materials. Nano materials are also able to be combined with biological materials, producing new structures that have properties of both types of materials. The role of nanotechnology in the infrastructure systems has the potential to set the civil engineering on a different height and widen the vision of civil engineering.
The major construction material that cost more are cement and gravel which
makes buildings costly. Palm kernel shells are locally available materials which can
be used in place of gravel. Previous works on the kernel shell shows that the strength
determined have met with the building requirements.
Concrete is the most common material used in construction, various research
work and experience gained shows that the quality and durability of concrete depend
mostly on the properties of its constituent, mix design, method of preparation, curing
etc. have their influence on it.
Tests results have shown that kernel shell concrete of mix ratio 1:2:4 has average
compressive strength of 5.6 N/mm2 at 14days curing while 12.47 N/mm2 at 28days of
curing.
Palm kernel shell produces a concrete with a lower compressive strength in
comparison with normal concrete with gravel.
The project in conclusion was a success as it took into consideration the economic
status quo of the population. This project help to provide new materials affordable for
the low income earners which helps in producing low cost houses and this does not
remove the criteria of performance for a material
Nano technology in civil engineering materials can enhance their properties and improve performance. It involves using nano-sized particles in materials like concrete, steel, and glass. In concrete, nano particles like fly ash, nano silica, carbon nano tubes, and titanium dioxide can increase strength and durability. They also improve concrete microstructure at the nano level. In steel, copper nano particles reduce fatigue by limiting stress risers. Nano steel has grain sizes smaller than conventional steel, producing unique properties. Nano glass uses nano silica layers for fire protection and titanium dioxide coating for self-cleaning and sterilization. Challenges include high costs, health effects, and environmental impacts that require further research to address.
The document discusses a presentation given on nanotechnology materials for sustainable construction. It covers several topics:
- An overview of nanotechnology and how it can revolutionize building materials through precise manipulation at the atomic scale.
- Examples of how nanotechnology is being applied to improve materials like steel, concrete, glass, drywall, fabrics, coatings, and insulation. This includes making materials stronger, more durable, energy efficient, and sustainable.
- A case study of how a nanogel acoustic insulation product was used to provide privacy in an open-plan office without walls, addressing new regulatory requirements. Testing showed the material effectively reduced noise transmission.
- Benefits of aerogel, a transparent nanotechnology insulation
Nanotechnology can improve many building materials. Concrete can be made stronger and more durable using nano-silica particles that improve packing and reduce water penetration. Glass can be made self-cleaning using titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Carbon nanotubes give steel 5 times the strength but only 1/6 the density when added to concrete. Nanoparticles in paints can make them more insulating and corrosion-resistant. While nanotechnology offers improvements, the main limitations are currently the high costs and potential environmental effects.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Experimental Study on Fiber Reinforced Concrete with Recycled Aggregate Repla...IRJET Journal
This document presents the results of an experimental study on fiber reinforced concrete with recycled aggregate replacing natural aggregate. Concrete samples were prepared with 0%, 5%, and 10% replacement of natural coarse aggregate with recycled aggregate from demolished buildings. Polypropylene fibers of 10mm length were added in proportions of 0%, 0.1%, and 0.15% of cement weight. Compressive strength, tensile strength, and split tensile strength were tested at 7, 14, and 28 days of curing. The results showed that the addition of polypropylene fibers increased the strengths of concrete with recycled aggregate replacement. The highest strengths were achieved with a fiber addition of 0.15% and 5% recycled aggregate replacement.
Investigation of Crack Width Development in Reinforced Concrete Beams Using F...IJERA Editor
Due to increase in thermal power plants in India lot of fly ash is produced. The disposal of fly ash causes
negative impact on the environment in the way of water pollution, air pollution and finally effect on the eco
system. Hence disposal of fly ash is challenging task for engineers.
Lot of earlier investigations reported that fly ash has some cementing properties it can be replaced as cement
upto some percentage. Hence in this investigation an attempt has been made to replace the cement by fly ash
and investigated the resulting properties.
Feasibility Study of Construction of Building Using Reusable MaterialIJERA Editor
Civil structures made of steel reinforced concrete normally suffer from corrosion of the steel by the salt, which results in the failure of those structures. Constant maintenance and repairing is needed to enhance the life cycle of those civil structures. There are many ways to minimize the failure of the concrete structures made of steel reinforce concrete. The Project aims to optimize the construction resources with applications to reduce, reuse and recycle to achieve the motive of saving planet, public and then profit. There is an unavoidable growth in the population for this, there is demand of urbanization. This consumes high amount of non-renewable resources and hence resources are getting exhausted creating a scarcity, which a major issue for present generation.
This document summarizes a research paper that aims to revive traditional earthquake resistant construction techniques in Kashmir, India by making them more cost effective and stronger. Specifically, it focuses on replacing timber with bamboo in the traditional "Dhajji Dewari" bracing system. The document provides background on Dhajji Dewari, its earthquake resistance properties. It then discusses how replacing timber with bamboo could make this technique more affordable and strong, as bamboo has various advantages over timber. Various models of Dhajji Dewari frames using timber and bamboo were tested and their costs and strengths were compared to identify the best configuration.
Study of Effect of Nano materials as Cement Replacement on Physical Propertie...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on the use of nanomaterials like nano alumina, nano titanium dioxide, nano zinc oxide, and nano-silica as cement replacements in concrete. It discusses how these nanomaterials can improve the physical properties and durability of concrete, but that their use is currently limited due to lack of awareness and high costs. The document reviews several studies that found these nanomaterials can increase concrete's strength, workability, and decrease permeability when used to partially replace cement. However, for wider implementation, issues like health effects and cost competitiveness need further research.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
This study assessed the strength properties of polystyrene material used in building construction in Mbora district, Abuja, Nigeria. Tests were conducted to determine the compressive strength of expanded polystyrene through axial loading and crushing. The results showed that the material has good compressive strength through both tests and can carry the required loads for buildings. Specifically, an expanded polystyrene slab supported a load of 5000kg without sagging. Expanded polystyrene blocks also achieved compressive strengths over 145 pounds per square inch when crushed, meeting the required minimum strength. In general, the findings demonstrated that polystyrene has strong strength properties making it suitable as a building material.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Study of Flexural Strength and Flexural Modulus of Reinforced Concrete Beams ...Premier Publishers
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of raffia palm fibre on some mechanical behaviour (flexural strength, flexural modulus, water absorption rate and density) of concrete. A concrete mix ratio of 1:2:4 was used for the concrete beams production, while a water to cement ratio (w/c) of 0.5 was adopted. In the study, three different fibre lengths (10, 20 and 30 mm) and three different fibre content (volume) by mass of fine aggregate (1, 2 and 3%) were considered. According to the results of the preliminary test carried out on the fine aggregate, it had a silt content of 1.6%, a moisture content of 8.3%, and a specific gravity of 2.95. Flexural properties of the beams were tested in accordance with ASTM recommended procedures after 28 curing days. Results obtained showed that fibre volume had significant (p ≤0.05) effect on the flexural strength and flexural modulus of the beams. The flexural strength and flexural modulus decreased linearly as the fibre volume increased from 0% to 3%. According to the results, the fibre reinforced beams were more ductile, when compared to the unreinforced concrete beams. In addition, the densities of the beams decreased with increase in the fibre volume; while their water absorption rate increased with increase in the fibre volume. The low densities and brittleness of the reinforced beams (at low volume) made them good building materials, especially when heavy weight beams are a problem, provided the beams are not exposed to high moisture levels.
IRJET- An Investigative Study of Eco-Friendly Bricks using Straw, Recycle...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an investigative study on eco-friendly bricks made from straw, recycled plastics, mycelium, and grass. It provides background on the materials used - straw, recycled plastics, mycelium, cow dung, and grass. The methodology of the study is described. Tests were conducted on the bricks including compressive strength testing. The results found the bricks developed compressive strengths between 3 to 6 N/mm2, higher than conventional bricks. Water absorption was less than 20% indicating good quality. The study concluded these eco-friendly bricks were economically feasible and could be used for load-bearing structures and foundations.
This document discusses using industrial wastes and byproducts to develop composite materials for civil engineering applications. It outlines various waste materials that can be used as fibers or fillers in composites, including fly ash, broken glass, gypsum, red mud, mine tailings, rice husk, and metal alloys. Composites made from these locally available and low-cost materials could provide environmentally sustainable and economical alternatives to traditional construction materials. The focus is on developing durable composite products like fiber boards, bricks, and cementitious materials that utilize waste resources.
This document provides an overview of the potential for nanotechnology to advance green building goals through new materials and products. It finds that nanotechnology can significantly reduce energy use, waste, and pollution from buildings. Current applications include insulating and self-cleaning nanocoatings. Near-future applications include nano-enhanced solar cells, lighting, and air/water filtration. More distant applications may include nano-enhanced structural materials. The document outlines a three-phase timeline and estimates the nanotechnology market in building will grow from less than $20 million currently to nearly $400 million by 2016. It also discusses drivers, obstacles, and future trends regarding the use of nanotechnology in green building.
This document reviews the use of nanotechnology in the construction industry. It discusses how nanotechnology is being used to improve concrete in several ways, such as adding nanoparticles like nano-silica to increase strength and durability. Carbon nanotubes are also being researched as an additive to increase concrete's strength, stiffness, and energy absorption capabilities. Nanotechnology enables self-compacting concrete that does not require vibration during pouring and self-healing concrete that can repair minor cracks. Overall, the document outlines various applications of nanotechnology in construction materials and structures to enhance performance.
Issues affecting the applicability of nanomaterials in cement constructionMainak Ghosal
These Slides of our Paper entitled 'Issues affecting the applicability of nanomaterials in cement construction' were presented in the regular session on 'Concrete' at an International Seminar on 'Advances on Concrete,Structural & Geotechnical Engineering(ACSGE-2018) organised by BITS-Pilani from 26th-28th February,2018 at the NAB Auditorium of Pilani,Rajasthan campus.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Compressed Stabilized Earth BlockIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study on compressed stabilized earth blocks. The study aimed to introduce a new sustainable and economical building material made from locally available soil. Laboratory tests were conducted to determine the optimum content of stabilizers like cement, lime and fly ash to maximize the compressive strength of compressed stabilized earth blocks. The blocks were also reinforced with polypropylene fiber in various percentages to improve crack resistance. The study found that compressed stabilized earth blocks offered advantages over conventional clay bricks like utilizing local materials, reducing costs, providing insulation and strength, and creating less environmental pollution.
Materials in Action - Examining the Impacts of Building Materials Think Wood
This document discusses the life cycle impacts of different building materials. It notes that while most environmental impacts from materials occur during extraction and production, they continue to influence the building's footprint throughout its operational lifespan and beyond. It then provides an overview of the topics that will be covered, including the durability, energy usage, recycling potential, and code considerations of wood, concrete, and steel materials. The document outlines its learning objectives and includes a table of contents for the presentation.
Nanotechnology involves manipulating materials at the nanoscale, which is less than 100 nanometers. It began over 40 years ago and is now a global field involving billions of dollars of investment. Some key applications of nanotechnology in the construction industry include stronger and lighter nanocomposite steel, translucent self-cleaning concrete, switchable glass that can block UV rays, lighter and stronger nanodrywall, stain-resistant fabrics treated with nanoparticles, solar cells made with nanotechnology, more powerful cordless tools, durable paints and coatings containing nanoparticles, and highly efficient LED and OLED lighting. Aerogel, an ultra-lightweight insulating material made of silica nanoparticles, has potential applications as insulation and in skylights
Behavior of Concrete Using Copper Slag As A Strength Parameter in Low Cost Co...ijtsrd
The value of concrete in present society cannot be underestimated. We can see concrete structures everywhere, such as buildings, roads, bridges, and dams. There is no escaping the impact concrete makes on your everyday life. Concrete is a composite material which is made up of filler and a binder. Typical concrete is a mixture of fine aggregate sand , coarse aggregate rock , cement, and water. Cement and lime are usually used as binding materials, while the sand binder is mixed as fine aggregates and crushed stones, gravel, broken bricks clinker is employed as coarse aggregates. The concrete having cement, sand and coarse aggregates mix up in an appropriate percentage in addition to water is called cement concrete. In this kind of concrete, cement is used as a binding substance, sand as fine aggregates and gravel, crushed stones as coarse aggregates.An investigation relating to the use of byproducts to enhance the functions of concrete has been about for many years. In the recent years, the researchers have been made to use industry by products such as fly ash, silica fume, ground granulated blast furnace slag, glass cullet, etc., in concrete production and civil applications. The potential uses of industrial byproducts in concrete or as a partial aggregate substitution or as a partial cement substitution depending on their chemical composition and grain size, The utilization of these materials in concrete comes from the environmental constraints in the safe disposal of these products. Big interest is being focused on the environment and safeguarding of natural resources and recycling of waste materials. Various industries are producing a significant number of products which incorporate residues such as reclaimed aggregates, reclaimed asphalt pavement, foundry sand, copper slag, fly ash, glass cullet, polyethylene terephthalate, high density polyethylene HDPE , unplasticized polyvinyl chloride UPVC , plasticized polyvinyl chloride PPVC , low density polyethylene LDPE , polypropylene PP , polystyrene PS , expanded polystyrene UPS . Priyatam Kumar | H. L. Yadav "Behavior of Concrete Using Copper Slag As A Strength Parameter in Low Cost Construction Work" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26689.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/26689/behavior-of-concrete-using-copper-slag-as-a-strength-parameter-in-low-cost-construction-work/priyatam-kumar
Engineered Cementitious Composites Using High Volume Fly Ash and PVA Fibers f...IJERA Editor
For each ton of Cement produced, one ton of CO2, a greenhouse gas, is released into the atmosphere. Worldwide, the Cement industry produced about 1.4 billion tons in 1995, which caused the emission of as much CO2 gas as 300 million automobiles. Our industry has a responsibility and societal duty to make a contribution towards taking the steps necessary to achieve sustainable development. A scientific approach towards conserving natural resources involves increasing durability of structures, because more durable structures need to be replaced less frequently. Such increased durability can be achieved by choosing appropriate mix designs and selecting suitable Aggregates and admixtures. Development of Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) materials using High volume of Fly Ash and Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) fibers will produce the most promising construction materials with High durability. This Paper focuses on Development and study of Engineered Cementitious Composites using High Volume Fly Ash and Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber, the use of which will increase the durability and hence lead to the Sustainable Development in Construction Industry
This document reviews the use of natural fibers as reinforcement in sustainable construction materials. It discusses how natural fibers can be used as filler in masonry composites, as reinforcement to improve mechanical properties, and to reduce thermal conductivity. The document examines previous research on using fibers like sawdust, coconut fibers, and others as partial replacements for cement, sand, or aggregate in building materials. While natural fibers provide benefits like low cost and renewability, their use in construction materials requires treatments and further optimization of properties. Overall, the document evaluates the potential for natural fibers to provide sustainable and affordable construction material alternatives.
Nanotechnology in building_and_construction_sampling_2SUGUMAR R
This document discusses the potential applications of nanotechnology in building and construction. It notes that nanotechnology could help address issues like infrastructure deterioration and poor building material quality that cost over $60 billion annually. Specifically, it describes how nanomaterials like carbon nanotubes, nano silica, nano titanium dioxide, and nanoclay could improve properties of cement, concrete, coatings, photovoltaics, and fire retardants; enhancing strength, durability, functionality and reducing flammability. However, challenges remain around dispersing nanofillers, measuring interfacial properties, and understanding health and environmental impacts that require further measurement science research.
Application Of Nanotechnology In Civil EngineeringGrimGod
Nanotechnology refers to manipulating matter at the nanoscale, around 1 to 100 nanometers. It can be used in various areas of civil engineering like materials, construction, and maintenance. Some applications of nanotechnology in construction include using carbon nanotubes to strengthen concrete and coatings, nano-silica to improve properties of fly ash concrete, and nano-sensors to monitor structures. However, high costs remain a barrier to widespread use of nanotechnology in construction due to small production volumes and lengthy commercialization timelines.
Nanotechnology has many potential applications in building materials to improve their properties. Concrete could be made stronger and more durable through the use of nano-silica and carbon nanotubes. Nano-silica improves particle packing in concrete and densifies its microstructure, increasing strength and durability by reducing calcium leaching and blocking water penetration. Carbon nanotubes have exceptional strength and stiffness properties and preliminary research shows that adding small amounts of carbon nanotubes to concrete can significantly increase its compressive and flexural strength. Understanding concrete at the nano-level through techniques like atomic force microscopy and focused ion beam imaging can provide insights to optimize its performance through nanoscale engineering of its composition.
The document discusses various applications of nanotechnology in engineering and construction materials, including using nanoparticles to improve the strength and properties of concrete, steel, wood, and glass. Nanoparticles can enhance qualities like compressive strength, corrosion resistance, self-healing abilities, and sustainability. The document evaluates how nanotechnology may lead to improved construction systems and materials in the future.
Feasibility Study of Construction of Building Using Reusable MaterialIJERA Editor
Civil structures made of steel reinforced concrete normally suffer from corrosion of the steel by the salt, which results in the failure of those structures. Constant maintenance and repairing is needed to enhance the life cycle of those civil structures. There are many ways to minimize the failure of the concrete structures made of steel reinforce concrete. The Project aims to optimize the construction resources with applications to reduce, reuse and recycle to achieve the motive of saving planet, public and then profit. There is an unavoidable growth in the population for this, there is demand of urbanization. This consumes high amount of non-renewable resources and hence resources are getting exhausted creating a scarcity, which a major issue for present generation.
This document summarizes a research paper that aims to revive traditional earthquake resistant construction techniques in Kashmir, India by making them more cost effective and stronger. Specifically, it focuses on replacing timber with bamboo in the traditional "Dhajji Dewari" bracing system. The document provides background on Dhajji Dewari, its earthquake resistance properties. It then discusses how replacing timber with bamboo could make this technique more affordable and strong, as bamboo has various advantages over timber. Various models of Dhajji Dewari frames using timber and bamboo were tested and their costs and strengths were compared to identify the best configuration.
Study of Effect of Nano materials as Cement Replacement on Physical Propertie...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes research on the use of nanomaterials like nano alumina, nano titanium dioxide, nano zinc oxide, and nano-silica as cement replacements in concrete. It discusses how these nanomaterials can improve the physical properties and durability of concrete, but that their use is currently limited due to lack of awareness and high costs. The document reviews several studies that found these nanomaterials can increase concrete's strength, workability, and decrease permeability when used to partially replace cement. However, for wider implementation, issues like health effects and cost competitiveness need further research.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
This study assessed the strength properties of polystyrene material used in building construction in Mbora district, Abuja, Nigeria. Tests were conducted to determine the compressive strength of expanded polystyrene through axial loading and crushing. The results showed that the material has good compressive strength through both tests and can carry the required loads for buildings. Specifically, an expanded polystyrene slab supported a load of 5000kg without sagging. Expanded polystyrene blocks also achieved compressive strengths over 145 pounds per square inch when crushed, meeting the required minimum strength. In general, the findings demonstrated that polystyrene has strong strength properties making it suitable as a building material.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Study of Flexural Strength and Flexural Modulus of Reinforced Concrete Beams ...Premier Publishers
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of raffia palm fibre on some mechanical behaviour (flexural strength, flexural modulus, water absorption rate and density) of concrete. A concrete mix ratio of 1:2:4 was used for the concrete beams production, while a water to cement ratio (w/c) of 0.5 was adopted. In the study, three different fibre lengths (10, 20 and 30 mm) and three different fibre content (volume) by mass of fine aggregate (1, 2 and 3%) were considered. According to the results of the preliminary test carried out on the fine aggregate, it had a silt content of 1.6%, a moisture content of 8.3%, and a specific gravity of 2.95. Flexural properties of the beams were tested in accordance with ASTM recommended procedures after 28 curing days. Results obtained showed that fibre volume had significant (p ≤0.05) effect on the flexural strength and flexural modulus of the beams. The flexural strength and flexural modulus decreased linearly as the fibre volume increased from 0% to 3%. According to the results, the fibre reinforced beams were more ductile, when compared to the unreinforced concrete beams. In addition, the densities of the beams decreased with increase in the fibre volume; while their water absorption rate increased with increase in the fibre volume. The low densities and brittleness of the reinforced beams (at low volume) made them good building materials, especially when heavy weight beams are a problem, provided the beams are not exposed to high moisture levels.
IRJET- An Investigative Study of Eco-Friendly Bricks using Straw, Recycle...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes an investigative study on eco-friendly bricks made from straw, recycled plastics, mycelium, and grass. It provides background on the materials used - straw, recycled plastics, mycelium, cow dung, and grass. The methodology of the study is described. Tests were conducted on the bricks including compressive strength testing. The results found the bricks developed compressive strengths between 3 to 6 N/mm2, higher than conventional bricks. Water absorption was less than 20% indicating good quality. The study concluded these eco-friendly bricks were economically feasible and could be used for load-bearing structures and foundations.
This document discusses using industrial wastes and byproducts to develop composite materials for civil engineering applications. It outlines various waste materials that can be used as fibers or fillers in composites, including fly ash, broken glass, gypsum, red mud, mine tailings, rice husk, and metal alloys. Composites made from these locally available and low-cost materials could provide environmentally sustainable and economical alternatives to traditional construction materials. The focus is on developing durable composite products like fiber boards, bricks, and cementitious materials that utilize waste resources.
This document provides an overview of the potential for nanotechnology to advance green building goals through new materials and products. It finds that nanotechnology can significantly reduce energy use, waste, and pollution from buildings. Current applications include insulating and self-cleaning nanocoatings. Near-future applications include nano-enhanced solar cells, lighting, and air/water filtration. More distant applications may include nano-enhanced structural materials. The document outlines a three-phase timeline and estimates the nanotechnology market in building will grow from less than $20 million currently to nearly $400 million by 2016. It also discusses drivers, obstacles, and future trends regarding the use of nanotechnology in green building.
This document reviews the use of nanotechnology in the construction industry. It discusses how nanotechnology is being used to improve concrete in several ways, such as adding nanoparticles like nano-silica to increase strength and durability. Carbon nanotubes are also being researched as an additive to increase concrete's strength, stiffness, and energy absorption capabilities. Nanotechnology enables self-compacting concrete that does not require vibration during pouring and self-healing concrete that can repair minor cracks. Overall, the document outlines various applications of nanotechnology in construction materials and structures to enhance performance.
Issues affecting the applicability of nanomaterials in cement constructionMainak Ghosal
These Slides of our Paper entitled 'Issues affecting the applicability of nanomaterials in cement construction' were presented in the regular session on 'Concrete' at an International Seminar on 'Advances on Concrete,Structural & Geotechnical Engineering(ACSGE-2018) organised by BITS-Pilani from 26th-28th February,2018 at the NAB Auditorium of Pilani,Rajasthan campus.
IRJET- Experimental Study on Compressed Stabilized Earth BlockIRJET Journal
This document summarizes an experimental study on compressed stabilized earth blocks. The study aimed to introduce a new sustainable and economical building material made from locally available soil. Laboratory tests were conducted to determine the optimum content of stabilizers like cement, lime and fly ash to maximize the compressive strength of compressed stabilized earth blocks. The blocks were also reinforced with polypropylene fiber in various percentages to improve crack resistance. The study found that compressed stabilized earth blocks offered advantages over conventional clay bricks like utilizing local materials, reducing costs, providing insulation and strength, and creating less environmental pollution.
Materials in Action - Examining the Impacts of Building Materials Think Wood
This document discusses the life cycle impacts of different building materials. It notes that while most environmental impacts from materials occur during extraction and production, they continue to influence the building's footprint throughout its operational lifespan and beyond. It then provides an overview of the topics that will be covered, including the durability, energy usage, recycling potential, and code considerations of wood, concrete, and steel materials. The document outlines its learning objectives and includes a table of contents for the presentation.
Nanotechnology involves manipulating materials at the nanoscale, which is less than 100 nanometers. It began over 40 years ago and is now a global field involving billions of dollars of investment. Some key applications of nanotechnology in the construction industry include stronger and lighter nanocomposite steel, translucent self-cleaning concrete, switchable glass that can block UV rays, lighter and stronger nanodrywall, stain-resistant fabrics treated with nanoparticles, solar cells made with nanotechnology, more powerful cordless tools, durable paints and coatings containing nanoparticles, and highly efficient LED and OLED lighting. Aerogel, an ultra-lightweight insulating material made of silica nanoparticles, has potential applications as insulation and in skylights
Behavior of Concrete Using Copper Slag As A Strength Parameter in Low Cost Co...ijtsrd
The value of concrete in present society cannot be underestimated. We can see concrete structures everywhere, such as buildings, roads, bridges, and dams. There is no escaping the impact concrete makes on your everyday life. Concrete is a composite material which is made up of filler and a binder. Typical concrete is a mixture of fine aggregate sand , coarse aggregate rock , cement, and water. Cement and lime are usually used as binding materials, while the sand binder is mixed as fine aggregates and crushed stones, gravel, broken bricks clinker is employed as coarse aggregates. The concrete having cement, sand and coarse aggregates mix up in an appropriate percentage in addition to water is called cement concrete. In this kind of concrete, cement is used as a binding substance, sand as fine aggregates and gravel, crushed stones as coarse aggregates.An investigation relating to the use of byproducts to enhance the functions of concrete has been about for many years. In the recent years, the researchers have been made to use industry by products such as fly ash, silica fume, ground granulated blast furnace slag, glass cullet, etc., in concrete production and civil applications. The potential uses of industrial byproducts in concrete or as a partial aggregate substitution or as a partial cement substitution depending on their chemical composition and grain size, The utilization of these materials in concrete comes from the environmental constraints in the safe disposal of these products. Big interest is being focused on the environment and safeguarding of natural resources and recycling of waste materials. Various industries are producing a significant number of products which incorporate residues such as reclaimed aggregates, reclaimed asphalt pavement, foundry sand, copper slag, fly ash, glass cullet, polyethylene terephthalate, high density polyethylene HDPE , unplasticized polyvinyl chloride UPVC , plasticized polyvinyl chloride PPVC , low density polyethylene LDPE , polypropylene PP , polystyrene PS , expanded polystyrene UPS . Priyatam Kumar | H. L. Yadav "Behavior of Concrete Using Copper Slag As A Strength Parameter in Low Cost Construction Work" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26689.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/civil-engineering/26689/behavior-of-concrete-using-copper-slag-as-a-strength-parameter-in-low-cost-construction-work/priyatam-kumar
Engineered Cementitious Composites Using High Volume Fly Ash and PVA Fibers f...IJERA Editor
For each ton of Cement produced, one ton of CO2, a greenhouse gas, is released into the atmosphere. Worldwide, the Cement industry produced about 1.4 billion tons in 1995, which caused the emission of as much CO2 gas as 300 million automobiles. Our industry has a responsibility and societal duty to make a contribution towards taking the steps necessary to achieve sustainable development. A scientific approach towards conserving natural resources involves increasing durability of structures, because more durable structures need to be replaced less frequently. Such increased durability can be achieved by choosing appropriate mix designs and selecting suitable Aggregates and admixtures. Development of Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) materials using High volume of Fly Ash and Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) fibers will produce the most promising construction materials with High durability. This Paper focuses on Development and study of Engineered Cementitious Composites using High Volume Fly Ash and Polyvinyl Alcohol Fiber, the use of which will increase the durability and hence lead to the Sustainable Development in Construction Industry
This document reviews the use of natural fibers as reinforcement in sustainable construction materials. It discusses how natural fibers can be used as filler in masonry composites, as reinforcement to improve mechanical properties, and to reduce thermal conductivity. The document examines previous research on using fibers like sawdust, coconut fibers, and others as partial replacements for cement, sand, or aggregate in building materials. While natural fibers provide benefits like low cost and renewability, their use in construction materials requires treatments and further optimization of properties. Overall, the document evaluates the potential for natural fibers to provide sustainable and affordable construction material alternatives.
Nanotechnology in building_and_construction_sampling_2SUGUMAR R
This document discusses the potential applications of nanotechnology in building and construction. It notes that nanotechnology could help address issues like infrastructure deterioration and poor building material quality that cost over $60 billion annually. Specifically, it describes how nanomaterials like carbon nanotubes, nano silica, nano titanium dioxide, and nanoclay could improve properties of cement, concrete, coatings, photovoltaics, and fire retardants; enhancing strength, durability, functionality and reducing flammability. However, challenges remain around dispersing nanofillers, measuring interfacial properties, and understanding health and environmental impacts that require further measurement science research.
Application Of Nanotechnology In Civil EngineeringGrimGod
Nanotechnology refers to manipulating matter at the nanoscale, around 1 to 100 nanometers. It can be used in various areas of civil engineering like materials, construction, and maintenance. Some applications of nanotechnology in construction include using carbon nanotubes to strengthen concrete and coatings, nano-silica to improve properties of fly ash concrete, and nano-sensors to monitor structures. However, high costs remain a barrier to widespread use of nanotechnology in construction due to small production volumes and lengthy commercialization timelines.
Nanotechnology has many potential applications in building materials to improve their properties. Concrete could be made stronger and more durable through the use of nano-silica and carbon nanotubes. Nano-silica improves particle packing in concrete and densifies its microstructure, increasing strength and durability by reducing calcium leaching and blocking water penetration. Carbon nanotubes have exceptional strength and stiffness properties and preliminary research shows that adding small amounts of carbon nanotubes to concrete can significantly increase its compressive and flexural strength. Understanding concrete at the nano-level through techniques like atomic force microscopy and focused ion beam imaging can provide insights to optimize its performance through nanoscale engineering of its composition.
The document discusses various applications of nanotechnology in engineering and construction materials, including using nanoparticles to improve the strength and properties of concrete, steel, wood, and glass. Nanoparticles can enhance qualities like compressive strength, corrosion resistance, self-healing abilities, and sustainability. The document evaluates how nanotechnology may lead to improved construction systems and materials in the future.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
This document discusses nano materials and their applications in construction. It begins by defining nanotechnology and nanomaterials as materials that have dimensions measured in nanometers. It then classifies nanomaterials and discusses some that are commonly used in construction like carbon nanotubes, silicon dioxide nanoparticles, titanium dioxide nanoparticles, and iron oxide nanoparticles. The document outlines benefits of nanomaterials like increased strength, durability, and sustainability. It also discusses barriers to adoption like costs, environmental concerns, and regulatory issues. In summary, the document provides an overview of nano materials, their properties and applications in construction, as well as benefits and challenges to their increased use.
This document discusses the application of nanotechnology in construction engineering. It begins with an abstract that overviews how nanotechnology can revolutionize civil engineering practices by conceiving innovative infrastructure systems. It then reviews literature on the topic and discusses various nanomaterials like nano-cement, nano-coatings for concrete, nano-steel, nano-glass, and nano-composites. It explains how these materials can provide properties like self-sensing, self-healing, and better strength and durability. The document concludes by noting that while nano-materials may be initially costly, they can reduce long-term maintenance costs and improve durability.
Application of nano-technology in constructionAmeer Muhammed
This document discusses the application of nanotechnology in construction. It begins by defining nanotechnology as the study and manipulation of matter at the nanoscale. It then outlines several nanomaterials that are being used in construction, such as carbon nanotubes, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and tungsten oxide. These nanomaterials can improve properties like strength, conductivity, and self-cleaning abilities when added to materials like concrete, steel, wood, glass, and coatings. The document also discusses potential barriers to nanotechnology like health effects, environmental impacts, and cost, but concludes that with further research, nanotechnology could allow for more durable and economical infrastructure.
Nano technology has several applications in civil engineering materials like concrete, steel, and glass. In concrete, nano silica particles can fill voids, reduce porosity, and improve durability and strength. Carbon nanotubes added to concrete make it more conductive, strong, tough, and flexible. For steel, copper nanoparticles can reduce stress and improve corrosion resistance. Nano technology also enhances wood and other materials, enabling possibilities like self-repair in wood. While nano technology provides benefits, it is still expensive and requires further research regarding health and environmental impacts.
A NANOTECHNOLOGY AIRCRAFT WITH STEALTH TECHNOLOGYIJRISE Journal
The success of the Aviation Industry (Defense) depends on various factors ranging from less visibility, reduction
of weight, availability of materials with multifunctional properties, carrying more payload, eco-friendly fuels, less fuel
consumption, faster and highly responsive communication systems, less or no repairs, extended and safe life, reduced time
frame of development cycle from concept to implementation and many more. Nanotechnology is recognized as a very strong
innovation driver and is therefore seen as a strategic technology for the world’s future economy. Nano-materials with their
exceptional multifunctional properties may transform the functioning of aviation (Defense) industry dramatically. Stealth
properties give it the unique ability to penetrate an enemy's most sophisticated defenses and threaten its most valued and
heavily defended targets. Stealth refers to the act of trying to hide or evade detection. It is not so much a technology as
a concept that incorporates a broad series of technologies and design features. Stealth does not always refer to radar.
Reducing an aircraft's heat signature is also important. This is usually done by channeling the engine exhaust through long
tubes and mixing it with cooler outside air. This paper shows the modern aviation design requirements like faster, miniature,
highly maneuverable, self-healing, intelligence guided, smart, eco-friendly, light weight warrant for materials with
extraordinary mechanical and multifunctional properties with stealth technology. Stealth technology is the use of special
radar absorbent materials, flat angular surface design and other techniques to minimize the amount of radiation r eflected to
a radar installation, causing an aircraft to appear as a much smaller signal or not at all. Stealth means 'low observable'.
Nanotechnology involves manipulating materials at the nanoscale (10-9 meters) to produce new properties. Nanoparticles are 1-200nm in size and exhibit unique properties. In construction, nanoparticles like silica, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and carbon nanotubes can improve mechanical strength, durability, self-cleaning, and thermal properties of materials like concrete, ceramics, coatings, and steel when added in small quantities. Challenges include the energy required for nanoparticle production and potential health effects that require further research into sustainable nanomaterials.
Application of nano-technology in construction Detailed ReportAmeer Muhammed
This document discusses the application of nanotechnology in civil engineering and construction materials. It defines nanomaterials as substances with at least one dimension between 1-100nm. Several potential nanomaterials for construction are described, including carbon nanotubes, titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, and silver nanoparticles. Carbon nanotubes could enhance mechanical properties and structural health monitoring in concrete. Titanium dioxide can improve self-cleaning properties and air quality when added to surfaces. The document also outlines how nanotechnologies could generate stronger and lighter composites, better cementitious materials, and improved insulation for construction. Concrete properties like strength and durability may be enhanced through additions of nanosilica or carbon nanotubes.
Reinste Nano Ventures provides nanomaterials and coatings for use in the energy sector. They offer a wide range of research-grade and industrial-grade nanomaterials including carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, and ceramics. Their coatings include fire protective and heat insulating coatings as well as self-healing coatings to improve durability. Nanotechnology can enhance energy efficiency across the supply chain from sources to storage and usage.
A Review on Investigation of Tribological Behavior of Nanocoating for Piston ...IJLT EMAS
Nanocoating can help to improve performance and life
of automotive engine by reducing the wear between the engine
components. In this research have selected the proper material
for top piston ring and same material are to be selected for
preparation of pin for tribometer testing and material of cylinder
liner tested and fabricated the same material of tribometer disc.
Nanocoating by electroplated Chromium coating and Chromium
nitride using DLC method by PVD coating was done on
specimen pin and piston ring and this material which was used
tribometer testing.
Depleting fossil fuel resources, economic
competitiveness and environmental concerns has compelled to
explore newer avenues to improve efficiency of automotive
engines. Various techniques have been adapted to achieve this
goal.
nanotechnology for smart civil engineeringMD NEHAD NAZIM
The document discusses the application of nanotechnology in the field of civil engineering and construction. It explains that nanotechnology involves manipulating matter at the nanoscale. It has the potential to improve many materials used in construction, such as making concrete stronger and lighter through the use of nanoparticles like nano-silica. Some examples mentioned include self-healing concrete, permeable pavement that allows water drainage, and sustainable building practices. The document concludes that further research in nanotechnology could lead to technological advances and economic benefits for the construction industry.
Nanotechnology offers possibilities to improve materials used in civil engineering. At the nanoscale, materials demonstrate new properties. Concrete can be made stronger and more durable using nano-silica and carbon nanotubes. Steel can incorporate nanoparticles to increase strength and resistance to fatigue and corrosion. Titanium dioxide and carbon nanotubes make glass self-cleaning. Nanoparticles in coatings provide insulation and hydrophobicity. While costs are currently high, nanotechnology research aims to advance sustainability in the construction industry by developing higher performance, longer lasting materials.
Nanotechnology involves manipulating materials at the atomic or molecular scale between 1 and 100 nanometers. It has applications in medicine such as nano-devices for imaging and monitoring health, in civil engineering by adding nanoparticles to improve materials like concrete and coatings, and in energy through developing more efficient solar cells. The military uses nanotechnology for fabrics, robotics, security, weapons, and monitoring soldier health. While nanotechnology holds promise, its future effects are difficult to predict and it could potentially transform the world in both positive and negative ways.
Nanotechnology involves manipulating matter at the nanoscale (10-9 meters). It was first proposed in 1959 but emerged in the 1980s with inventions like the scanning tunneling microscope. Nanotechnology works at the atomic and molecular scale and involves structures between 1 to 100 nanometers. There are two approaches to producing nanoparticles - top-down and bottom-up. Nanotechnology has wide applications in fields like materials, energy, electronics, medicine and more. Some examples include carbon nanotubes, buckyballs, and using nanoparticles in products like solar cells, batteries and coatings. Future applications may include using nanomaterials to improve energy generation and storage.
This document discusses the potential for nanotechnology to enable more efficient and lower-cost marine energy production systems. It describes how multi-gap solar cells using nano-wires and quantum dots can achieve higher solar cell efficiencies at lower costs. Nanotechnology may allow for novel nano-solar cells compatible with hybrid marine power systems that provide higher efficiency through more efficient use of the solar spectrum. The document examines various nano-electronic materials that could be used for marine energy production, including their advantages and challenges for withstanding marine environments.
Nanotechnology is being applied in construction materials to improve their properties. Concrete can be made stronger and more durable using nano-silica particles. Glass can be made self-cleaning using titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Carbon nanotubes increase the strength and stiffness of concrete when added in small amounts. Nanoparticles are also used to strengthen steel and improve its resistance to fatigue and high temperatures. Nanotechnology offers advantages over conventional materials but high costs currently limit its widespread use in construction.
Similar to Intelligent Nanoscale Dematerialized Manufacturing_Crimson Publishers (20)
Hybrid PAPR Reduction Scheme for Universal Filter Multi-Carrier Modulation in...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
Hybrid PAPR Reduction Scheme for Universal Filter Multi-Carrier Modulation in Next Generation Wireless Systems by Himanshu Monga* in Crimson Publishers: Peer Reviewed Material Science Journals
Universal filter multi carrier (UFMC) is one of the promising multi carrier modulation techniques for next generation wireless communication systems. UFMC seems to be most attractive because it provides better sub carrier separation like FBMC (Filer Bank Multi Carrier) and less complexity like OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing). But this technique suffers from limitation of higher Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR). In this paper a Hybrid PAPR reduction technique SC- UFMC have been proposed using SLM (Selective Mapping) and Clipping. The performance of proposed technique is evaluated for various design parameters including filter length, FFT size and Bits per sub carrier. The simulation results show that hybrid technique provides better PAPR reduction as compared with conventional SLM and clipping techniques.
Brief on Catalytic Reactions to Maximize Production and Minimize Pollution (M...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
This editorial discusses using selective membranes to maximize production and minimize pollution in catalytic reactions. Almost all catalytic reactions are reversible and limited by thermodynamic equilibrium, but removing one product using selective membranes can break this limitation and increase conversion. Specifically, the editorial focuses on using hydrogen-selective membranes to remove hydrogen from dehydrogenation reactions like ethylbenzene to styrene, coupled with hydrogenation reactions on the other side of the membrane. Counter-current flow configuration between the two reactions is the most efficient. Figures 1 and 2 show schematics of the integrated membrane reactor design and hydrogen profiles for different flow configurations.
Effects of Process Parameters on MRR, EWR and Ra in Nanoparticles Mixed EDM -...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
Effects of Process Parameters on MRR, EWR and Ra in Nanoparticles Mixed EDM by R Boopathi* in Crimson Publishers: Peer Reviewed Material Science Journals
Graphene Supported Metal Oxide for Non-Enzymatic H2O2 Sensing - Crimson Publi...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
This document summarizes research on using graphene as a support material for metal oxides in producing sensors for detecting hydrogen peroxide. Graphene is well-suited as a support due to its large surface area, high conductivity, and ability to prevent metal oxide nanoparticle aggregation. Several studies are described that synthesized composites of graphene with various metal oxides like iron oxide, cobalt oxide, zinc oxide, and copper oxide. The graphene-metal oxide composites showed enhanced sensitivity, detection limits, stability, and electrochemical performance compared to metal oxides alone, due to the properties graphene provides as a support.
Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Heat Transfer in Graphene/Agar under ...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Heat Transfer in Graphene/Agar under Laser Irradiation by Siheng Su * in Crimson Publishers: Peer Reviewed Material Science Journals
Investigation on Peritectic Layered Structures by Using the Binary Organic Co...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
Investigation on Peritectic Layered Structures by Using the Binary Organic Components TRIS-NPG as Model Substances for Metal-Like Solidification by JP Mogeritsch* in Crimson Publishers: Peer Reviewed Material Science Journals
A Review on Nanomaterial Revolution in Oil and Gas Industry for EOR (Enhanced...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
A Review on Nanomaterial Revolution in Oil and Gas Industry for EOR (Enhanced Oil Recovery) Methods by Veluru Jagadeesh Babu* in Crimson Publishers: Peer Reviewed Material Science Journals
Multi-Junction Solar Cells: Snapshots from the First Decade of the Twenty-Fir...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
Multi-Junction Solar Cells: Snapshots from the First Decade of the Twenty-First Century by Guy Francis Mongelli* in Crimson Publishers: Peer Reviewed Material Science Journals
An Attempt to Study MoO3-Like TCO Nanolayered Compound in Terms of structural...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
MoO3 thin films were prepared using a spray pyrolysis technique and characterized. XRD analysis showed the films crystallized in the orthorhombic α-MoO3 phase. AFM images showed the films consisted of parallelepiped shaped wires. The films exhibited good sensitivity (93%) and reproducibility to 500 ppm ethanol vapor at 300°C, suggesting potential for ethanol sensing applications.
Shear Field Size Effect on Determining the Shear Modulus of Glulam beam - Cri...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
Six glue laminated timber beams were tested to investigate the effect of the size of the constructing square used in the shear field test method for determining the shear modulus. Stereovision was used to capture the displacement of target points in grids on the beams. Analysis of variance found that the size of the square had a significant influence on the measured shear modulus values. The shear modulus increased with larger square sizes for most beams tested. It is recommended that the square size be at least half the beam depth to obtain appropriate results. Further research is needed to fully understand the impact of square size.
A New Concept of using Transverse Loading to Characterize Environmental Stres...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
A New Concept of using Transverse Loading to Characterize Environmental Stress Cracking Resistance (ESCR) of Polyethylene (PE) by PY Ben Jar* in Crimson Publishers: Peer Reviewed Material Science Journals
A Nano Capacitor Including Graphene Layers Composed with Doped Boron and Nitr...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
A Nano Capacitor Including Graphene Layers Composed with Doped Boron and Nitrogen by Majid Monajjemi* in Crimson Publishers: Peer Reviewed Material Science Journals
Multi-Physics Applications of Carbon Fiber Composite Materials: A Summary Rev...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
Multi-Physics Applications of Carbon Fiber Composite Materials: A Summary Review by Mohammad Faisal Haider* in Crimson Publishers: Peer Reviewed Material Science Journals
Additive Manufacturing by MMA Welding Process Characteristics and Microstruct...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
Additive Manufacturing by MMA Welding Process Characteristics and Microstructural, Mechanical Properties: Propose to Modify the Welding Procedure Specification by Mir Mostafa Hosseinioun * in Crimson Publishers: Peer Reviewed Material Science Journals
Dimensions and Indicators for Sustainable Construction Materials: A Review- C...CrimsonPublishersRDMS
Dimensions and Indicators for Sustainable Construction Materials: A Review by Humphrey Danso* in Crimson Publishers: Peer Reviewed Material Science Journals
The CBC machine is a common diagnostic tool used by doctors to measure a patient's red blood cell count, white blood cell count and platelet count. The machine uses a small sample of the patient's blood, which is then placed into special tubes and analyzed. The results of the analysis are then displayed on a screen for the doctor to review. The CBC machine is an important tool for diagnosing various conditions, such as anemia, infection and leukemia. It can also help to monitor a patient's response to treatment.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressionsVictor Morales
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...IJECEIAES
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
2. How to cite this article: Dalvinder S G. Intelligent Nanoscale Dematerialized Manufacturing. Res Dev Material Sci. 3(1). RDMS.000552. 2018.
DOI: 10.31031/RDMS.2018.03.000552
Research & Development in Material Science
214
Res Dev Material Sci
How can the required material be created? Material creation
may involve all or some of the following steps:
a. Listing out characteristic requirements for the particular
material
b. Identifying or Planning for innovating materials with the
above characteristics
c. Adopting methods and approaches for material preparation
d. Organizing construction process and equipment
e. Construction, testing and try out and modification
f. Bulk production and
g. Using the materials for construction
For example the characteristic requirements for building
construction are security, strength, easy and cheap transportability
and flexibility, less labour and easy availability at affordable costs.
The alternative materials providing these qualities are; diamond &
steel that provide security and strength; plastics, silicon, cardboard,
paper and ply that provide easy transportability and flexibility,
cheaper costs and less labor.
None of the materials in the world at present meets all the
above needed qualities. Hence there is a need for innovation of such
materials which contain all or almost all these qualities. One type of
such novel material at the threshold or being developed is through
nano-materials. Nano-materials are the materials with structured
components with at least one dimension less than 100 nm. Overall
properties of all materials are determined by their structure at the
micro & nano-scale. Novel materials can be created by rearranging
atomic structures [7].
Figure 1: Arranging Atoms to make nano-materials.
Variations in the arrangement of atoms have distinguished
the cheap from the cherished and the light from heavy. Arranged
one-way, atoms make up soil, air, and water; arranged another
way, they make up ripe strawberries. Arranged one way, they make
up homes and fresh air; arranged another way, they make up ash
and smoke. Nature which created coal, diamonds, sand and dust
is the best guide to provide the suitable alternative materials for
construction purposes as well. Nano-materials are prepared from
nano-particles taking a cue from the nature. At the nano-scale, the
bulk approximations of Newtonian physics are revealed for their
inaccuracy, and give way to quantum physics [7] Figure 1.
The ability to synthesize nanoscale building blocks with
precisely controlled size and composition and then to assemble
them into larger structures with unique properties and functions
has the potential to revolutionize segments of the manufacturing
industry.
Applications include
a. Manufacturing of nanostructured metals, ceramics and
polymers at exact shapes without machining
b. Improved printing brought about by nanometer-scale
particles that have the best properties of both dyes and pigments
c. Nanoscale cemented and plated carbides and nanocoatings
for cutting tools, electronic, chemical, and structural applications
d. New standards for measurements at nanoscale
e. Nanofabrication on a chip with high levels of complexity and
functionality [7].
The developed nanocomposite materials from stainless steel
and polymer by using multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT),
is found to be many times stronger because the strength is 10-
100 times higher than the strongest steel. Grain refinement down
to 100nm of stainless steel and dispersion of nanostructured
materials into the steel matrix increase superbly their mechanical
properties.. The refined microstructure of 326L stainless steel in
the treated layer led to increase in hardness, strength, and wear
resistance.Nano-compositesfromsteelandpolymersaredeveloped
as stronger materials to withstand the impact of bullets and bombs.
Polymers or steel are melted in a crucible/ mould of desired shape
of bunker, command posts walls, helmets, bullet-proof jackets, etc
can be developed easily. Carbon nanotubes dispersed in the melted
polymer and steel followed by quenching up to room temperature
provideaneasiesttechniquetoyieldthenano-compositesmaterials.
Nano-composites dispersed with carbon nanotubes (diameter 25-
50nm) in polymers and steel enhance tensile strength, hardness
and higher temperature resistance. Stronger polymers also provide
observation from inside for the purpose of observation and fire.
The properties imparted by nanoparticles are varied and focus
particularly on strengthening the tensile strength, hardness and
barrier properties to temperature, gases and liquids as well as the
possible improvement of fire behavior [8].
Concept of dematerialized manufacturing involves machine
builders conceive machines as combinations of easily exchangeable
modules consisting of ultra-light and adaptive skeletal structures
occupying minimal space and operated digitally. These skeletal
structures will be designed considering structure, control strategies
and processes in an integral way with the aim of satisfying the
functional requirements and of assuring the optimal global
robustness and reliability of the machine breaking the link between
3. How to cite this article: Dalvinder S G. Intelligent Nanoscale Dematerialized Manufacturing. Res Dev Material Sci. 3(1). RDMS.000552. 2018
DOI: 10.31031/RDMS.2018.03.000552
215
Res Dev Material SciResearch & Development in Material Science
production results and the material structure of machines and will
reduce the total-life-cycle impacts and costs of machines in a radical
manner. Then, by integrating dematerialised machines with other
similar machines, innovative business models and total-life-cycle
services, machine builders will be able to realize Dematerialised
Manufacturing Systems with customised flexibility [1].
It includes lean manufacturing and services covering current
research, best practices and future trends within the areas of
global competitiveness and rapidly advancing technologies in
flexible automation, information management, and intelligent
manufacturing [9].
While dematerialization is frequently applied to consumer end
products and production processes, it could be equally applicable
in non-manufacturing fields such as agriculture. Reduction of
pesticide use per unit crop, for example, dematerializes food
production. It is also worth recognizing that the similar concept
of producing equal units of energy while releasing less carbon
as a result of fossil fuel combustion, commonly referred to as
“decarbonization” is increasingly considered an important sub-
class of dematerialization
Manufacturing today must adjust to dynamic markets
which demand excellence in areas of cost, quality, throughput,
innovativeness, and time to market. Manufacturing companies
must master emerging and rapidly advancing technologies in
order to remain competitive. They are challenged to achieve short
product development cycles, expand product lines, and combat
shrinking product life cycles in a global economy marked by rapid
fluctuations and increasing competitions [9].
This holistic approach for designing, producing and intelligent
nanoscale dematerialized manufacturing integrated with total-life
cycle services will coin a new concept in the manufacturing sector:
Intelligent nanoscale dematerialized manufacturing solutions,
will pave the way for transforming the machine-tool industry into
a Knowledge-based, Competitive, Sustainable and Value-Adding
sector [10]. The current nanoscale fabrication techniques such as
vacuum deposition, which is used to deposit atoms in substrates
below atmospheric pressure, are limited in terms of speed and the
quality and the ability to scale to nano dimension.
Assessment of different spatial scales: from the product
and process level to the company and sector level are needed to
effectively assess the benefits of dematerialization strategies. There
is also a need to assess the pollution, wastes, energy requirements,
and natural resource requirements within each scale. Such a critical
analysis looks not only at the amount of natural resources contained
in assessed commodities and products, but also the hidden flows
which are involved in producing them. Assessing the entire life
cycle of a product can help to understand the systemic effects of
different materials in different applications and the quantities
of material inputs, thus providing information on the direct and
indirect efficiencies of resource use [11].
References
1. Daniel Burrus (2013) Dematerialization-A pathway for innovation.
Huffpost.
2. www.bfi.org/gbn_ecology.pdf
3. http://www.steel.org/media/
4. http://phe.rockefeller.edu/dematerialization/
5. http://www.memagazine.org/contents/current/features/frontier/
frontier.html
6. http://future.sri.com/Explorer/NT.shtml
7. Dalvinder SG (2014) Saving space from buildings by nanotechnology.
IOSRJEN 4(2): 39-48
8. Dalvinder SG (2015) Super strong nano-composite materials for bunkers
& command posts. Army Nanotechnology Congress & Expo,Frankfurt,
Germany.
9. Roco MC (2013) Scientists are building the next generation of atomic-
scale devices, Atomic Toolbox: Manufacturing at the Nanoscale, Scientific
American, USA.
10. Farhad Nabhani (2009) Proceedings of the 19th
International conference
on flexible automation and intelligent manufacturing. FAIM, Teesside
University, Middlesbrough, UK.
11. Penn IT (2001) Web-based survey of trends in dematerialization, Report
No. CSS01-17, A report of the Center for Sustainable Systems, Center for
Sustainable Systems, University of Michigan, USA.