The document proposes an intelligent alarm system for hospitals using smartphone technology to reduce rescue time after a patient arrives at the hospital. The system utilizes an Android phone application that connects to a server to transfer data about accident incidents to hospitals. When an accident occurs, the application sends a message with the type of injury to the emergency services and hospital. The hospital reception model then receives the data and sends a warning message to the specialist doctor to prepare for treatment. The system aims to minimize routine procedures that take time in order to provide faster access to patient data and emergency treatment after reaching the hospital.
RescueAlert-an accident detection and rescue mechanism IJECEIAES
With the increase of vehicles and cars of different kind and the large movement that occurs every day on the roads it was natural to observe an increase in traffic accidents, but the real dilemma lies in how to make the rescue process efficient. The problem that we want to solve is the response of ambulances towards accidents and the lengthy registration process of patients in hospitals. In the above two scenarios, the manual process of calling the ambulance leads to delay in rescue of patients from an accident and the delay in registration of patient leads to delay in medication or treatment of the patient. We want to make the process more efficient by automating accident detection for increasing the efficiency of the ambulance rescue process and by sending the details of the patient before the patient reaches the hospitals for faster treatment of patients. Along with this, alert messages will be sent to the family or friends of the patients to notify them as soon as an accident is detected.
“Helpdroid” we inspire by movie-Prema the
project we provide the accident detection in any place. We
provide the help to injuries peoples. When the car or bike
crash together then the GPS and GMS with the crash sensor
send the digital signal and send the message and call to near
police station, ambulance and there related persons.
These days heart diseases are
considered as the major health issue. It
includes heart attack and cardiac arrest.
Heart attack is the global leading cause
of death for both the genders and
occurrence is not always know.
Sometimes heart attack is often
compared with other type of pain and
not often dealt with it. Hence, this
project is to implement the heart rate
monitoring using IOT. The patients are
expected to carry or wear a hardware
sensor. The sensor with note the heart
rate and transmits it through internet.
The patient may be expected to set the
high and low heart rate individually. On
reaching the high rate or going below
the expected heart rate, an emergency
alert notification is sent to the patient’s,
guardian, doctor and
ambulance(optional) android devices.
The Android application is widely used in all
sectors. In our application it helps to track the
location of the bus. By waiting near the bus stop
for a long time this application helps to reduce the
waiting time of the students using Google map. The
arrival time of a bus is calculated based upon the
pickup point and the starting time of a bus in the
shuttle routes. Providing the accurate bus timing
will be helpful for all the students, staff to catch the
bus at the right time. In a college bus driver is
assigned with a mobile phone where we can use to
track the current location of the bus. Notification
will be sending to the students and parents once
the bus is nearby pick up point and drop point by
using Geo-fencing. Quick Response code is used to
track the attendance of the student whether they
boarded the bus at the pickup point. Common
alert message will be sent to students, staffs and
faculty about the holidays or any crucial
information.
Geo-fencing, Google map, GPS
(Global Positioning System)
RescueAlert-an accident detection and rescue mechanism IJECEIAES
With the increase of vehicles and cars of different kind and the large movement that occurs every day on the roads it was natural to observe an increase in traffic accidents, but the real dilemma lies in how to make the rescue process efficient. The problem that we want to solve is the response of ambulances towards accidents and the lengthy registration process of patients in hospitals. In the above two scenarios, the manual process of calling the ambulance leads to delay in rescue of patients from an accident and the delay in registration of patient leads to delay in medication or treatment of the patient. We want to make the process more efficient by automating accident detection for increasing the efficiency of the ambulance rescue process and by sending the details of the patient before the patient reaches the hospitals for faster treatment of patients. Along with this, alert messages will be sent to the family or friends of the patients to notify them as soon as an accident is detected.
“Helpdroid” we inspire by movie-Prema the
project we provide the accident detection in any place. We
provide the help to injuries peoples. When the car or bike
crash together then the GPS and GMS with the crash sensor
send the digital signal and send the message and call to near
police station, ambulance and there related persons.
These days heart diseases are
considered as the major health issue. It
includes heart attack and cardiac arrest.
Heart attack is the global leading cause
of death for both the genders and
occurrence is not always know.
Sometimes heart attack is often
compared with other type of pain and
not often dealt with it. Hence, this
project is to implement the heart rate
monitoring using IOT. The patients are
expected to carry or wear a hardware
sensor. The sensor with note the heart
rate and transmits it through internet.
The patient may be expected to set the
high and low heart rate individually. On
reaching the high rate or going below
the expected heart rate, an emergency
alert notification is sent to the patient’s,
guardian, doctor and
ambulance(optional) android devices.
The Android application is widely used in all
sectors. In our application it helps to track the
location of the bus. By waiting near the bus stop
for a long time this application helps to reduce the
waiting time of the students using Google map. The
arrival time of a bus is calculated based upon the
pickup point and the starting time of a bus in the
shuttle routes. Providing the accurate bus timing
will be helpful for all the students, staff to catch the
bus at the right time. In a college bus driver is
assigned with a mobile phone where we can use to
track the current location of the bus. Notification
will be sending to the students and parents once
the bus is nearby pick up point and drop point by
using Geo-fencing. Quick Response code is used to
track the attendance of the student whether they
boarded the bus at the pickup point. Common
alert message will be sent to students, staffs and
faculty about the holidays or any crucial
information.
Geo-fencing, Google map, GPS
(Global Positioning System)
This paper aims to provide an overview of the
contents and design of the all newspapers. Majority of the
newspapers use Blog, RSS and Facebook to connect with
their readers. An online newspaper service providing project.
In this software system users may register as users to read
newspapers online. Once they register they may pay via
dummy credit cards and get access to reading newspapers
online for a month
Multipurpose medical assistant robot (Docto-Bot) based on internet of things IJECEIAES
The world's population is growing every day, and so is the number of patients. People's life expectancy is increasing due to technology's welfare, but the problem is that the health sector has always faced a shortage of inadequate doctors. This research main objective was to design and implement a biomedical-based medical assistant robot named "Docto-Bot" to deal with this problem. This research concerns this medical assistant robot's design and development for the disabled and the patients in need. Such a robot's prime utilization is to minimize person-to-person contact and ensure the cleaning, sterilization, and support in hospitals and similar facilities such as quarantine. This prototype robot consists of a medicine reminding and medicine providing system, Automatic hand sanitizer and IoT based physiological monitoring system (body temperature, pulse rate, ECG, Oxygen saturation level). A direct one-to-one server-based communication method and user-end android app maintaining system designed. It also included the controlling part, which control automatically and manually by users. Docto-Bot will play a very significant factor in bio-medical robot applications. Though the achievements described in the paper look fruitful and advanced, shortcomings still exist.
In our paper several issues of sustainable transport is brought into the spotlight. In this fast paced world
everyone wants everything to happen just in the tick of a second and the wink of an eye. It is widely
acknowledged that traffic congestion threatens economic growth and irritates today’s pacing world. With
the increasing use of transport worldwide, it is necessary to derive solutions to ease traffic. Moreover
transportation now accounts for about 40 per cent of the total use of energy in the world. As a result, there
is an increased focus on how best to make it easier and more attractive for people to use public transport.
For the last two decades IT (Electronics + Computer) has been positioned as the instrument for travel
substitution. IT has been successful in all fields it has been applied to. Similarly it would definitely be a
great help to the strange challenge that transport poses on environment. There are three main things which
we must concentrate on congestion avoidance, accident avoidance,driver assistance and automize only in
needed situations with zone detection. it is much more important in this present day to derive a method
for disabled personalities to drive with ease. Developing special vehicles discriminate them from the
normal man and also it may not be cost feasible. Our project will be a globalised solution which will be
applicable to mankind of all categories. It may be applied to any nation (developed, developing or under
developed).We proudly state that it is location transparent. Every nation has started their development
process in ITS. ITS USA has announced that they expect the industry to be fully grown by 2030 and we
hope that ours would be a small contribution to the world ITS.
Traffic accidents are one of the leading causes of fatalities in the world. An important indicator of survival rates after an accident is the time between the accident and when emergency medical personnel are dispatched to the scene. Eliminating the time between when an accident occurs and when first responders are dispatched to the scene decreases mortality rates by 6%.. By combining smart phones with existing vehicles through an appropriate interface we are able to move closer to the smart vehicle paradigm, offering the user new functionalities and services when driving. In this application we propose an Android based application that monitors the vehicle through an On Board Diagnostics (OBD-II) interface, being able to detect accidents. The application reacts to positive detection by sending details about the accident through SMS to pre-defined destinations, immediately followed by an automatic phone call to the emergency services.
A review paper on smart health care system using internet of thingseSAT Journals
Abstract Health is fundament need. And it is human right to get quality Health Care. Nowadays India is facing many health issues because
of less resource. This review paper presents the idea of solving health issues using latest technology, Internet of Things. It
presents the architectural review of smart health care system using Internet of Things which is aimed to provide Quality Health
Care to everyone. Using this system architecture, patients’ body parameters can be measure in real time. Sensors collects patients
body parameters and transfers that data to Arduino Uno which further transfer that data to cloud with the help of WiFI module.
This data is stored into MySql database server which manages data and provides accessibility. User can view this data with the
help of Android App. Which one can install in Smart phone, Tablet or PC. Cloud computing handles authentication, privacy,
security, data management etc. If data is abnormal then patient gets notification also care takers will get mail. With the help of
different decision making algorithms decisions can be made and according to it people have access to database. Patient can check
their medical record Hence, this system provides Quality Health Care to everyone and error free and smooth communication to
patients.
Keywords: IOT, e-health, Arduino Uno
The adoption of bitcoins technology: The difference between perceived future ...IJECEIAES
Bitcoin is a decentralized system that tries to become a solution to the shortcomings of fiat and gold-based currencies. Considering its newness, the adoption level of bitcoin is yet understood. Hence, several variables are proposed in this work in examining user perceptions regarding performance expectancy, effort expectancy, trust, adoption risk, decentralization and social influence interplay, with the context of user’s future expectation and behavioral intentions to use bitcoins. Data were gathered from 293 completed questionnaire and analised using AMOS 18. The outcomes prove the sound predictability of the proposed model regarding user’s future expectations and intentions toward bitcoins. All hypotheses were supported, they were significantly affecting the dependent variables. Social influence was found as the highest predictor of behavioral intention to negatively utilize bitcoins. The significant impact of social influence, adoption risk and effort expectancy which affect behavioral intention to use bitcoins the most, are demonstrated in this study. Bitcoins should thus, present an effective, feasible and personalized program which will assist efficient usage among users. Additionally, the impacts of social influence, adoption risk and perceived trust on behavioral intention to utilize new technology were compared, and their direct path was tested together, for the first time in this context.
Vehicle security system using ARM controllerIOSRJECE
Road accidents are a human tragedy. This involves high human suffering and pecuniary costs in terms of untimely sudden death, injuries and loss of inherent income. In this paper, a system is proposed where the main objective is to detect road signs from a moving vehicle and also enables intelligent detection of an accident at any place and reports about the accident on predefined numbers of dear one .The system will use one signal transmitter in each and every symbol or message board at road side and whenever any vehicle passes from that symbol the receiver situated inside the vehicle i.e. In-Car System will receive the signals and display proper message or the symbol details on display connected in car. Road Traffic Sign Detection is a technology by which a vehicle is able to recognize the traffic signs which are on the road e.g. ”speed limit” or ”school” or ”turn ahead”. This infrastructure is expected to deliver multiple road safety and driving assistance applications
This paper aims to provide an overview of the
contents and design of the all newspapers. Majority of the
newspapers use Blog, RSS and Facebook to connect with
their readers. An online newspaper service providing project.
In this software system users may register as users to read
newspapers online. Once they register they may pay via
dummy credit cards and get access to reading newspapers
online for a month
Multipurpose medical assistant robot (Docto-Bot) based on internet of things IJECEIAES
The world's population is growing every day, and so is the number of patients. People's life expectancy is increasing due to technology's welfare, but the problem is that the health sector has always faced a shortage of inadequate doctors. This research main objective was to design and implement a biomedical-based medical assistant robot named "Docto-Bot" to deal with this problem. This research concerns this medical assistant robot's design and development for the disabled and the patients in need. Such a robot's prime utilization is to minimize person-to-person contact and ensure the cleaning, sterilization, and support in hospitals and similar facilities such as quarantine. This prototype robot consists of a medicine reminding and medicine providing system, Automatic hand sanitizer and IoT based physiological monitoring system (body temperature, pulse rate, ECG, Oxygen saturation level). A direct one-to-one server-based communication method and user-end android app maintaining system designed. It also included the controlling part, which control automatically and manually by users. Docto-Bot will play a very significant factor in bio-medical robot applications. Though the achievements described in the paper look fruitful and advanced, shortcomings still exist.
In our paper several issues of sustainable transport is brought into the spotlight. In this fast paced world
everyone wants everything to happen just in the tick of a second and the wink of an eye. It is widely
acknowledged that traffic congestion threatens economic growth and irritates today’s pacing world. With
the increasing use of transport worldwide, it is necessary to derive solutions to ease traffic. Moreover
transportation now accounts for about 40 per cent of the total use of energy in the world. As a result, there
is an increased focus on how best to make it easier and more attractive for people to use public transport.
For the last two decades IT (Electronics + Computer) has been positioned as the instrument for travel
substitution. IT has been successful in all fields it has been applied to. Similarly it would definitely be a
great help to the strange challenge that transport poses on environment. There are three main things which
we must concentrate on congestion avoidance, accident avoidance,driver assistance and automize only in
needed situations with zone detection. it is much more important in this present day to derive a method
for disabled personalities to drive with ease. Developing special vehicles discriminate them from the
normal man and also it may not be cost feasible. Our project will be a globalised solution which will be
applicable to mankind of all categories. It may be applied to any nation (developed, developing or under
developed).We proudly state that it is location transparent. Every nation has started their development
process in ITS. ITS USA has announced that they expect the industry to be fully grown by 2030 and we
hope that ours would be a small contribution to the world ITS.
Traffic accidents are one of the leading causes of fatalities in the world. An important indicator of survival rates after an accident is the time between the accident and when emergency medical personnel are dispatched to the scene. Eliminating the time between when an accident occurs and when first responders are dispatched to the scene decreases mortality rates by 6%.. By combining smart phones with existing vehicles through an appropriate interface we are able to move closer to the smart vehicle paradigm, offering the user new functionalities and services when driving. In this application we propose an Android based application that monitors the vehicle through an On Board Diagnostics (OBD-II) interface, being able to detect accidents. The application reacts to positive detection by sending details about the accident through SMS to pre-defined destinations, immediately followed by an automatic phone call to the emergency services.
A review paper on smart health care system using internet of thingseSAT Journals
Abstract Health is fundament need. And it is human right to get quality Health Care. Nowadays India is facing many health issues because
of less resource. This review paper presents the idea of solving health issues using latest technology, Internet of Things. It
presents the architectural review of smart health care system using Internet of Things which is aimed to provide Quality Health
Care to everyone. Using this system architecture, patients’ body parameters can be measure in real time. Sensors collects patients
body parameters and transfers that data to Arduino Uno which further transfer that data to cloud with the help of WiFI module.
This data is stored into MySql database server which manages data and provides accessibility. User can view this data with the
help of Android App. Which one can install in Smart phone, Tablet or PC. Cloud computing handles authentication, privacy,
security, data management etc. If data is abnormal then patient gets notification also care takers will get mail. With the help of
different decision making algorithms decisions can be made and according to it people have access to database. Patient can check
their medical record Hence, this system provides Quality Health Care to everyone and error free and smooth communication to
patients.
Keywords: IOT, e-health, Arduino Uno
The adoption of bitcoins technology: The difference between perceived future ...IJECEIAES
Bitcoin is a decentralized system that tries to become a solution to the shortcomings of fiat and gold-based currencies. Considering its newness, the adoption level of bitcoin is yet understood. Hence, several variables are proposed in this work in examining user perceptions regarding performance expectancy, effort expectancy, trust, adoption risk, decentralization and social influence interplay, with the context of user’s future expectation and behavioral intentions to use bitcoins. Data were gathered from 293 completed questionnaire and analised using AMOS 18. The outcomes prove the sound predictability of the proposed model regarding user’s future expectations and intentions toward bitcoins. All hypotheses were supported, they were significantly affecting the dependent variables. Social influence was found as the highest predictor of behavioral intention to negatively utilize bitcoins. The significant impact of social influence, adoption risk and effort expectancy which affect behavioral intention to use bitcoins the most, are demonstrated in this study. Bitcoins should thus, present an effective, feasible and personalized program which will assist efficient usage among users. Additionally, the impacts of social influence, adoption risk and perceived trust on behavioral intention to utilize new technology were compared, and their direct path was tested together, for the first time in this context.
Vehicle security system using ARM controllerIOSRJECE
Road accidents are a human tragedy. This involves high human suffering and pecuniary costs in terms of untimely sudden death, injuries and loss of inherent income. In this paper, a system is proposed where the main objective is to detect road signs from a moving vehicle and also enables intelligent detection of an accident at any place and reports about the accident on predefined numbers of dear one .The system will use one signal transmitter in each and every symbol or message board at road side and whenever any vehicle passes from that symbol the receiver situated inside the vehicle i.e. In-Car System will receive the signals and display proper message or the symbol details on display connected in car. Road Traffic Sign Detection is a technology by which a vehicle is able to recognize the traffic signs which are on the road e.g. ”speed limit” or ”school” or ”turn ahead”. This infrastructure is expected to deliver multiple road safety and driving assistance applications
Automated signal pre-emption system for emergency vehicles using internet of ...IAESIJAI
Vehicle administration systems are one of the major highlights especially in urban areas. One important critical component that requires attention are signal preemption systems. Every single work on traffic congestion identification either requires prior learning or long time to distinguish and perceive the closeness of congestion. FutureSight performs predictive analysis and control of traffic signals through the application of machine learning to aide ambulances in such a way that, a signal turns green beforehand so as to ensure an obstacle free path to the ambulance from source to destination based on various parameters such as traffic density, congestion length, previous wait times, arrival time thereby eliminating the need for human intervention. The method allows flexible interface to the driver to enter the hospital details to reach the destination with in time. The app then plans out the fastest route from the pickup spot to the selected hospital and sends this route to the system. The system then predict the amount of time that is required by the signal to remain green so as to clear all traffic at that specific junction before the ambulance arrives at that location.
The European Union is promoting eCall to reduce the number of roadway fatalities by minimizing the response time when an accident has occurred. eCall is a combination of an In Vehicle System (IVS), a device with a GSM cell phone and GPS location capability, and a corresponding infrastructure of Public Safety Answering Points (PSAPs) Intelligent Vehicle Safety Systems use Information and Communications Technologies for providing solutions for improving road safety in particular in the pre-crash phase when the accident can still be avoided or at least its severity significantly reduced. With these systems, which can operate either autonomously on-board the vehicle, or be based on vehicle-to-vehicle or vehicle-to-infrastructure communication (co-operative systems), the number of accidents and their severity can be reduced. Location-enhanced emergency calls like in-vehicle e-call have their primary benefit to society of saving lives and in offering an increased sense of security. The article presents the system eCall and how does it works.
Wireless Reporting System for Accident Detection at Higher SpeedsIJERA Editor
Speed is one of the basic reasons for vehicle accident. Many lives could have been saved if emergency service
could get accident information and reach in time. Nowadays, GPS has become an integral part of a vehicle
system. This paper proposes to utilize the capability of a GPS receiver to monitor speed of a vehicle and detect
accident basing on monitored speed and send accident location to an Alert Service Center. The GPS will
monitor speed of a vehicle and compare with the previous speed in every second through a Microcontroller
Unit. Whenever the speed will be below the specified speed, it will assume that an accident has occurred. The
system will then send the accident location acquired from the GPS along with the time and the speed by utilizing
the GSM network. This will help to reach the rescue service in time and save the valuable human life.
An accident is a specific, unexpected, unusual and unintended external action which occurs in a particular time and place, with no apparent and deliberate cause but with marked effects. Carelessness of the driver is the major factor of such accidents. The traffic authorities give a lot of instructions to the vehicle operators. But many of them do not obey the rules. Nowadays most of the countries are forcing the motor riders to wear the helmet and not to use the vehicles when the person is in drunken condition. But still the rules are being violated by the users. In order to overcome this we propose a new intelligent helmet system, which automatically checks whether the person is wearing the helmet and has non- alcoholic breath while driving. Here we have a transmitter at the helmet and the receiver at the bike .The project aims at the security and safety of the bikers against road accidents. The circuit is so designed that the bike wont’ start without wearing helmet. Also, if the driver is drunk, the bike will not start thereby preventing drunken drivers. And in case of accident, immediate message will be sent to the family members about the accident using a GSM modem.
VEHICLE COLLISION DETECTION & PREVENTION USING VANET BASED IOT WITH V2Vijwmn
EMERGENCY alert in case of any accident is vitally necessitated to rescue the victims. And so, this paper is made to present the results of a major analysis relating to emergency alert conditions at the time of collision (automobile). In this study, the authors have investigated modern Internet of Things (IoT) and VANET (Vehicular Ad hoc Networks) technologies and developed a collection of modern and specialized techniques as well as their characteristics. It has sensors that detect unbalanced circumstances and provide with a warning to the microcontroller if a collision occurs.
Vehicle Collision Detection & Prevention using VANET Based IoT With V2Vijwmn
EMERGENCY alert in case of any accident is vitally necessitated to rescue the victims. And so, this paper is made to present the results of a major analysis relating to emergency alert conditions at the time of collision (automobile). In this study, the authors have investigated modern Internet of Things (IoT) and VANET (Vehicular Ad hoc Networks) technologies and developed a collection of modern and specialized techniques as well as their characteristics. It has sensors that detect unbalanced circumstances and provide with a warning to the microcontroller if a collision occurs. Additionally, the technique can be implemented in such a way that vehicles are alerted of possible closing barriers. Vehicle-to-Vehicle communication (V2V) has a huge impact since it allows vehicles to communicate with each other while in proximity and the buzzer together with the LEDs serves as a safety feature. The primary goal of the system is to carry out the microcontroller functions in every environment and moreover, the concept refers to detect and prevent the collision specially in a foggy weather as well as at night and in other odd circumstances. The Internet of Things (IoT) and the Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network (VANET) have now been merged as the fundamental and central components of Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). Furthermore, while the procedure of obtaining the insurance may be longer for certain people. On the other hand, others may avoid the law after being involved in severe collisions which makes it difficult for the authorities to discriminate between criminal and non-criminal evidence.
Design and Implementation of Smart Monitoring Systems in Hospital Wagon using...ijtsrd
Nowadays, many researchers are contributing their research in the field of Internet of things IOT , since it is important and attractive technology. IOT means communication between human to device or device to device, anywhere in real time. This communication takes place with the help of different smart sensors which are connected via internet. In the IOT infrastructure different sensors can sense, analyse, transmit and store all the datas on cloud. This paper presents a wearable sensor network system for Internet of Things IoT connected safety and health applications. The wearable sensors on different subjects can communicate with each other and transmit the data to a gateway via a Local Area Network which forms a heterogeneous IoT platform with wifi based medical signal sensing network. It consists of two sections the basic information and condition of patient is collected in the wagon by the means IoT Internet of Things and make it available to hospital before the emergency vehicle reaches the hospital. On the base of such data, the system is able to detect anomalous situations and provide information about the status directly and exclusively to the hospital. The second path is control of traffic lights from the wagon and makes free for its path automatically. This project is to save the time of major late time aspects in more efficient manner and save the life. Mrs. S. Kirthica | Mrs. S. Priyadharsini "Design and Implementation of Smart Monitoring Systems in Hospital Wagon using IoT Technology: A Case Study" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd31731.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/mathemetics/other/31731/design-and-implementation-of-smart-monitoring-systems-in-hospital-wagon-using-iot-technology-a-case-study/mrs-s-kirthica
Amazon products reviews classification based on machine learning, deep learni...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In recent times, the trend of online shopping through e-commerce stores and websites has grown to a huge extent. Whenever a product is purchased on an e-commerce platform, people leave their reviews about the product. These reviews are very helpful for the store owners and the product’s manufacturers for the betterment of their work process as well as product quality. An automated system is proposed in this work that operates on two datasets D1 and D2 obtained from Amazon. After certain preprocessing steps, N-gram and word embedding-based features are extracted using term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF), bag of words (BoW) and global vectors (GloVe), and Word2vec, respectively. Four machine learning (ML) models support vector machines (SVM), logistic regression (RF), logistic regression (LR), multinomial Naïve Bayes (MNB), two deep learning (DL) models convolutional neural network (CNN), long-short term memory (LSTM), and standalone bidirectional encoder representations (BERT) are used to classify reviews as either positive or negative. The results obtained by the standard ML, DL models and BERT are evaluated using certain performance evaluation measures. BERT turns out to be the best-performing model in the case of D1 with an accuracy of 90% on features derived by word embedding models while the CNN provides the best accuracy of 97% upon word embedding features in the case of D2. The proposed model shows better overall performance on D2 as compared to D1.
Design, simulation, and analysis of microstrip patch antenna for wireless app...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In this study, a microstrip patch antenna that works at 3.6 GHz was built and tested to see how well it works. In this work, Rogers RT/Duroid 5880 has been used as the substrate material, with a dielectric permittivity of 2.2 and a thickness of 0.3451 mm; it serves as the base for the examined antenna. The computer simulation technology (CST) studio suite is utilized to show the recommended antenna design. The goal of this study was to get a more extensive transmission capacity, a lower voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), and a lower return loss, but the main goal was to get a higher gain, directivity, and efficiency. After simulation, the return loss, gain, directivity, bandwidth, and efficiency of the supplied antenna are found to be -17.626 dB, 9.671 dBi, 9.924 dBi, 0.2 GHz, and 97.45%, respectively. Besides, the recreation uncovered that the transfer speed side-lobe level at phi was much better than those of the earlier works, at -28.8 dB, respectively. Thus, it makes a solid contender for remote innovation and more robust communication.
Design and simulation an optimal enhanced PI controller for congestion avoida...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In this paper, snake optimization algorithm (SOA) is used to find the optimal gains of an enhanced controller for controlling congestion problem in computer networks. M-file and Simulink platform is adopted to evaluate the response of the active queue management (AQM) system, a comparison with two classical controllers is done, all tuned gains of controllers are obtained using SOA method and the fitness function chose to monitor the system performance is the integral time absolute error (ITAE). Transient analysis and robust analysis is used to show the proposed controller performance, two robustness tests are applied to the AQM system, one is done by varying the size of queue value in different period and the other test is done by changing the number of transmission control protocol (TCP) sessions with a value of ± 20% from its original value. The simulation results reflect a stable and robust behavior and best performance is appeared clearly to achieve the desired queue size without any noise or any transmission problems.
Improving the detection of intrusion in vehicular ad-hoc networks with modifi...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs) are wireless-equipped vehicles that form networks along the road. The security of this network has been a major challenge. The identity-based cryptosystem (IBC) previously used to secure the networks suffers from membership authentication security features. This paper focuses on improving the detection of intruders in VANETs with a modified identity-based cryptosystem (MIBC). The MIBC is developed using a non-singular elliptic curve with Lagrange interpolation. The public key of vehicles and roadside units on the network are derived from number plates and location identification numbers, respectively. Pseudo-identities are used to mask the real identity of users to preserve their privacy. The membership authentication mechanism ensures that only valid and authenticated members of the network are allowed to join the network. The performance of the MIBC is evaluated using intrusion detection ratio (IDR) and computation time (CT) and then validated with the existing IBC. The result obtained shows that the MIBC recorded an IDR of 99.3% against 94.3% obtained for the existing identity-based cryptosystem (EIBC) for 140 unregistered vehicles attempting to intrude on the network. The MIBC shows lower CT values of 1.17 ms against 1.70 ms for EIBC. The MIBC can be used to improve the security of VANETs.
Conceptual model of internet banking adoption with perceived risk and trust f...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Understanding the primary factors of internet banking (IB) acceptance is critical for both banks and users; nevertheless, our knowledge of the role of users’ perceived risk and trust in IB adoption is limited. As a result, we develop a conceptual model by incorporating perceived risk and trust into the technology acceptance model (TAM) theory toward the IB. The proper research emphasized that the most essential component in explaining IB adoption behavior is behavioral intention to use IB adoption. TAM is helpful for figuring out how elements that affect IB adoption are connected to one another. According to previous literature on IB and the use of such technology in Iraq, one has to choose a theoretical foundation that may justify the acceptance of IB from the customer’s perspective. The conceptual model was therefore constructed using the TAM as a foundation. Furthermore, perceived risk and trust were added to the TAM dimensions as external factors. The key objective of this work was to extend the TAM to construct a conceptual model for IB adoption and to get sufficient theoretical support from the existing literature for the essential elements and their relationships in order to unearth new insights about factors responsible for IB adoption.
Efficient combined fuzzy logic and LMS algorithm for smart antennaTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
The smart antennas are broadly used in wireless communication. The least mean square (LMS) algorithm is a procedure that is concerned in controlling the smart antenna pattern to accommodate specified requirements such as steering the beam toward the desired signal, in addition to placing the deep nulls in the direction of unwanted signals. The conventional LMS (C-LMS) has some drawbacks like slow convergence speed besides high steady state fluctuation error. To overcome these shortcomings, the present paper adopts an adaptive fuzzy control step size least mean square (FC-LMS) algorithm to adjust its step size. Computer simulation outcomes illustrate that the given model has fast convergence rate as well as low mean square error steady state.
Design and implementation of a LoRa-based system for warning of forest fireTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This paper presents the design and implementation of a forest fire monitoring and warning system based on long range (LoRa) technology, a novel ultra-low power consumption and long-range wireless communication technology for remote sensing applications. The proposed system includes a wireless sensor network that records environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the air, as well as taking infrared photos.The data collected at each sensor node will be transmitted to the gateway via LoRa wireless transmission. Data will be collected, processed, and uploaded to a cloud database at the gateway. An Android smartphone application that allows anyone to easily view the recorded data has been developed. When a fire is detected, the system will sound a siren and send a warning message to the responsible personnel, instructing them to take appropriate action. Experiments in Tram Chim Park, Vietnam, have been conducted to verify and evaluate the operation of the system.
Wavelet-based sensing technique in cognitive radio networkTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Cognitive radio is a smart radio that can change its transmitter parameter based on interaction with the environment in which it operates. The demand for frequency spectrum is growing due to a big data issue as many Internet of Things (IoT) devices are in the network. Based on previous research, most frequency spectrum was used, but some spectrums were not used, called spectrum hole. Energy detection is one of the spectrum sensing methods that has been frequently used since it is easy to use and does not require license users to have any prior signal understanding. But this technique is incapable of detecting at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) levels. Therefore, the wavelet-based sensing is proposed to overcome this issue and detect spectrum holes. The main objective of this work is to evaluate the performance of wavelet-based sensing and compare it with the energy detection technique. The findings show that the percentage of detection in wavelet-based sensing is 83% higher than energy detection performance. This result indicates that the wavelet-based sensing has higher precision in detection and the interference towards primary user can be decreased.
A novel compact dual-band bandstop filter with enhanced rejection bandsTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In this paper, we present the design of a new wide dual-band bandstop filter (DBBSF) using nonuniform transmission lines. The method used to design this filter is to replace conventional uniform transmission lines with nonuniform lines governed by a truncated Fourier series. Based on how impedances are profiled in the proposed DBBSF structure, the fractional bandwidths of the two 10 dB-down rejection bands are widened to 39.72% and 52.63%, respectively, and the physical size has been reduced compared to that of the filter with the uniform transmission lines. The results of the electromagnetic (EM) simulation support the obtained analytical response and show an improved frequency behavior.
Deep learning approach to DDoS attack with imbalanced data at the application...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
A distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack is where one or more computers attack or target a server computer, by flooding internet traffic to the server. As a result, the server cannot be accessed by legitimate users. A result of this attack causes enormous losses for a company because it can reduce the level of user trust, and reduce the company’s reputation to lose customers due to downtime. One of the services at the application layer that can be accessed by users is a web-based lightweight directory access protocol (LDAP) service that can provide safe and easy services to access directory applications. We used a deep learning approach to detect DDoS attacks on the CICDDoS 2019 dataset on a complex computer network at the application layer to get fast and accurate results for dealing with unbalanced data. Based on the results obtained, it is observed that DDoS attack detection using a deep learning approach on imbalanced data performs better when implemented using synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) method for binary classes. On the other hand, the proposed deep learning approach performs better for detecting DDoS attacks in multiclass when implemented using the adaptive synthetic (ADASYN) method.
The appearance of uncertainties and disturbances often effects the characteristics of either linear or nonlinear systems. Plus, the stabilization process may be deteriorated thus incurring a catastrophic effect to the system performance. As such, this manuscript addresses the concept of matching condition for the systems that are suffering from miss-match uncertainties and exogeneous disturbances. The perturbation towards the system at hand is assumed to be known and unbounded. To reach this outcome, uncertainties and their classifications are reviewed thoroughly. The structural matching condition is proposed and tabulated in the proposition 1. Two types of mathematical expressions are presented to distinguish the system with matched uncertainty and the system with miss-matched uncertainty. Lastly, two-dimensional numerical expressions are provided to practice the proposed proposition. The outcome shows that matching condition has the ability to change the system to a design-friendly model for asymptotic stabilization.
Implementation of FinFET technology based low power 4×4 Wallace tree multipli...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Many systems, including digital signal processors, finite impulse response (FIR) filters, application-specific integrated circuits, and microprocessors, use multipliers. The demand for low power multipliers is gradually rising day by day in the current technological trend. In this study, we describe a 4×4 Wallace multiplier based on a carry select adder (CSA) that uses less power and has a better power delay product than existing multipliers. HSPICE tool at 16 nm technology is used to simulate the results. In comparison to the traditional CSA-based multiplier, which has a power consumption of 1.7 µW and power delay product (PDP) of 57.3 fJ, the results demonstrate that the Wallace multiplier design employing CSA with first zero finding logic (FZF) logic has the lowest power consumption of 1.4 µW and PDP of 27.5 fJ.
Evaluation of the weighted-overlap add model with massive MIMO in a 5G systemTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
The flaw in 5G orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) becomes apparent in high-speed situations. Because the doppler effect causes frequency shifts, the orthogonality of OFDM subcarriers is broken, lowering both their bit error rate (BER) and throughput output. As part of this research, we use a novel design that combines massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) and weighted overlap and add (WOLA) to improve the performance of 5G systems. To determine which design is superior, throughput and BER are calculated for both the proposed design and OFDM. The results of the improved system show a massive improvement in performance ver the conventional system and significant improvements with massive MIMO, including the best throughput and BER. When compared to conventional systems, the improved system has a throughput that is around 22% higher and the best performance in terms of BER, but it still has around 25% less error than OFDM.
Reflector antenna design in different frequencies using frequency selective s...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In this study, it is aimed to obtain two different asymmetric radiation patterns obtained from antennas in the shape of the cross-section of a parabolic reflector (fan blade type antennas) and antennas with cosecant-square radiation characteristics at two different frequencies from a single antenna. For this purpose, firstly, a fan blade type antenna design will be made, and then the reflective surface of this antenna will be completed to the shape of the reflective surface of the antenna with the cosecant-square radiation characteristic with the frequency selective surface designed to provide the characteristics suitable for the purpose. The frequency selective surface designed and it provides the perfect transmission as possible at 4 GHz operating frequency, while it will act as a band-quenching filter for electromagnetic waves at 5 GHz operating frequency and will be a reflective surface. Thanks to this frequency selective surface to be used as a reflective surface in the antenna, a fan blade type radiation characteristic at 4 GHz operating frequency will be obtained, while a cosecant-square radiation characteristic at 5 GHz operating frequency will be obtained.
Reagentless iron detection in water based on unclad fiber optical sensorTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
A simple and low-cost fiber based optical sensor for iron detection is demonstrated in this paper. The sensor head consist of an unclad optical fiber with the unclad length of 1 cm and it has a straight structure. Results obtained shows a linear relationship between the output light intensity and iron concentration, illustrating the functionality of this iron optical sensor. Based on the experimental results, the sensitivity and linearity are achieved at 0.0328/ppm and 0.9824 respectively at the wavelength of 690 nm. With the same wavelength, other performance parameters are also studied. Resolution and limit of detection (LOD) are found to be 0.3049 ppm and 0.0755 ppm correspondingly. This iron sensor is advantageous in that it does not require any reagent for detection, enabling it to be simpler and cost-effective in the implementation of the iron sensing.
Impact of CuS counter electrode calcination temperature on quantum dot sensit...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
In place of the commercial Pt electrode used in quantum sensitized solar cells, the low-cost CuS cathode is created using electrophoresis. High resolution scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to analyze the structure and morphology of structural cubic samples with diameters ranging from 40 nm to 200 nm. The conversion efficiency of solar cells is significantly impacted by the calcination temperatures of cathodes at 100 °C, 120 °C, 150 °C, and 180 °C under vacuum. The fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO)/CuS cathode electrode reached a maximum efficiency of 3.89% when it was calcined at 120 °C. Compared to other temperature combinations, CuS nanoparticles crystallize at 120 °C, which lowers resistance while increasing electron lifetime.
In place of the commercial Pt electrode used in quantum sensitized solar cells, the low-cost CuS cathode is created using electrophoresis. High resolution scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were used to analyze the structure and morphology of structural cubic samples with diameters ranging from 40 nm to 200 nm. The conversion efficiency of solar cells is significantly impacted by the calcination temperatures of cathodes at 100 °C, 120 °C, 150 °C, and 180 °C under vacuum. The fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO)/CuS cathode electrode reached a maximum efficiency of 3.89% when it was calcined at 120 °C. Compared to other temperature combinations, CuS nanoparticles crystallize at 120 °C, which lowers resistance while increasing electron lifetime.
A progressive learning for structural tolerance online sequential extreme lea...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This article discusses the progressive learning for structural tolerance online sequential extreme learning machine (PSTOS-ELM). PSTOS-ELM can save robust accuracy while updating the new data and the new class data on the online training situation. The robustness accuracy arises from using the householder block exact QR decomposition recursive least squares (HBQRD-RLS) of the PSTOS-ELM. This method is suitable for applications that have data streaming and often have new class data. Our experiment compares the PSTOS-ELM accuracy and accuracy robustness while data is updating with the batch-extreme learning machine (ELM) and structural tolerance online sequential extreme learning machine (STOS-ELM) that both must retrain the data in a new class data case. The experimental results show that PSTOS-ELM has accuracy and robustness comparable to ELM and STOS-ELM while also can update new class data immediately.
Electroencephalography-based brain-computer interface using neural networksTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This study aimed to develop a brain-computer interface that can control an electric wheelchair using electroencephalography (EEG) signals. First, we used the Mind Wave Mobile 2 device to capture raw EEG signals from the surface of the scalp. The signals were transformed into the frequency domain using fast Fourier transform (FFT) and filtered to monitor changes in attention and relaxation. Next, we performed time and frequency domain analyses to identify features for five eye gestures: opened, closed, blink per second, double blink, and lookup. The base state was the opened-eyes gesture, and we compared the features of the remaining four action gestures to the base state to identify potential gestures. We then built a multilayer neural network to classify these features into five signals that control the wheelchair’s movement. Finally, we designed an experimental wheelchair system to test the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The results demonstrate that the EEG classification was highly accurate and computationally efficient. Moreover, the average performance of the brain-controlled wheelchair system was over 75% across different individuals, which suggests the feasibility of this approach.
Adaptive segmentation algorithm based on level set model in medical imagingTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
For image segmentation, level set models are frequently employed. It offer best solution to overcome the main limitations of deformable parametric models. However, the challenge when applying those models in medical images stills deal with removing blurs in image edges which directly affects the edge indicator function, leads to not adaptively segmenting images and causes a wrong analysis of pathologies wich prevents to conclude a correct diagnosis. To overcome such issues, an effective process is suggested by simultaneously modelling and solving systems’ two-dimensional partial differential equations (PDE). The first PDE equation allows restoration using Euler’s equation similar to an anisotropic smoothing based on a regularized Perona and Malik filter that eliminates noise while preserving edge information in accordance with detected contours in the second equation that segments the image based on the first equation solutions. This approach allows developing a new algorithm which overcome the studied model drawbacks. Results of the proposed method give clear segments that can be applied to any application. Experiments on many medical images in particular blurry images with high information losses, demonstrate that the developed approach produces superior segmentation results in terms of quantity and quality compared to other models already presented in previeous works.
Automatic channel selection using shuffled frog leaping algorithm for EEG bas...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
Drug addiction is a complex neurobiological disorder that necessitates comprehensive treatment of both the body and mind. It is categorized as a brain disorder due to its impact on the brain. Various methods such as electroencephalography (EEG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI), and magnetoencephalography (MEG) can capture brain activities and structures. EEG signals provide valuable insights into neurological disorders, including drug addiction. Accurate classification of drug addiction from EEG signals relies on appropriate features and channel selection. Choosing the right EEG channels is essential to reduce computational costs and mitigate the risk of overfitting associated with using all available channels. To address the challenge of optimal channel selection in addiction detection from EEG signals, this work employs the shuffled frog leaping algorithm (SFLA). SFLA facilitates the selection of appropriate channels, leading to improved accuracy. Wavelet features extracted from the selected input channel signals are then analyzed using various machine learning classifiers to detect addiction. Experimental results indicate that after selecting features from the appropriate channels, classification accuracy significantly increased across all classifiers. Particularly, the multi-layer perceptron (MLP) classifier combined with SFLA demonstrated a remarkable accuracy improvement of 15.78% while reducing time complexity.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
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Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
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Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
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Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
Intelligent alarm system for hospitals using smartphone technology
1. TELKOMNIKA Telecommunication, Computing, Electronics and Control
Vol. 18, No. 1, February 2020, pp. 450~455
ISSN: 1693-6930, accredited First Grade by Kemenristekdikti, Decree No: 21/E/KPT/2018
DOI: 10.12928/TELKOMNIKA.v18i1.13262 450
Journal homepage: http://journal.uad.ac.id/index.php/TELKOMNIKA
Intelligent alarm system for hospitals using
smartphone technology
Bashar S. Bashar, Marwa M. Ismail
Al-Nisour University College Baghdad, Iraq
Article Info ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received May 31, 2019
Revised Jul 17, 2019
Accepted Aug 21, 2019
During the last decade, attention was paid to detect the accident and call
the ambulance as soon as possible, the situation was neglected after
the arrival of the patient to the specified service point. This negligence led to
an increase in the mortality rate, especially where the highest percentage of
deaths occurred during the first hour after the accident. This highest Mortality
can be avoided by providing proper health care after the arrival of the patient
to the hospital, the proposed system reduces the rescue time after the arrival of
a patient to the hospital, and it requires each hospital to be endowed with a
reception model responsible for detecting and reporting accident situations to
the emergency service. It was be found that there is an urgent need for a
web-based hospital management system with a mobile web service to respond
immediately to incidents in the event of an accident. This system utilizes
the android phone application to connect to the server for transferring
the specified data to the hospital and it can be used for comprehensive accident
analysis and management. In this paper, a combination of Android phone
application, database, and visual studio 2012 was used to develop the system.
Keywords:
Alarm system
E-health
Hospitals emergency
Smartphone
Wireless communication
This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA license.
Corresponding Author:
Bashar S. Bashar,
Al-Nisour University College Baghdad,
Baghdad, Iraq
Email: bashar.s.eng@nuc.edu.iq
1. INTRODUCTION
Continuous efforts have been made by automobile manufacturers to reduce road accidents (improve
traffic safety and reduce mortality) but accidents still occur, rapid response and resource provision have a
significant impact on reducing mortality [1, 2]. Thus an intelligent alarm system was implemented.
Traffic incidents are difficult to analyze as it exceeds the limits of engineering, human behaviour,
and geography [3], statistics indicate that the main cause of death due to injury is road traffic incidents [4]
approximately 1.5 million people die every year as a result of road accidents [5, 6], 20 to 50 million people
suffer from non-fatal injuries with many suffer from physical disabilities as a result of their injuries [7, 8].
More than 90% of road traffic deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries [9, 10],
this percentage is increasing in countries suffering from internal disturbances and wars such as Iraq.
In the past decade, more than 66,000 traffic accidents have occurred in Iraq, killing 22,952 people and
injuring 79,545 people [11]. Figure 1 represents road accidents from 2011 to 2017 in Iraq. When a traffic
incident occurs, early assistance to the injured is crucial to minimize the negative impact on their lives [12].
The mortality rate from traffic incidents are classified into three different stages [13]:
− The first stage includes injuries in the first minutes or seconds after the incident (Approximately 10% of
all deaths).
2. TELKOMNIKA Telecommun Comput El Control
Intelligent alarm system for hospitals using smartphone technology (Bashar S. Bashar)
451
− The second stage occurs during the first hour after the incident. It causes the highest rate of deaths
(approximately 75% of the total deaths).
− The third stage occurs during days or weeks after the accident (which causes approximately 15% of
the total deaths). Efforts and resources are required to reduce mortality at this stage.
Figure 1. Number of road accidents (2011-2017) [4]
The stage in which more benefits can be achieved by accelerating the rescue time is the second stage.
Rapid and effective rescue within the first hour after the incident increases the rate of survivor and reduces
the severity of the injury [14, 15]. For a significant reduction in the rescue time, two essential steps must be
taken:
− Rapid and accurate reporting of injuries to the specialized hospital.
− Provide the necessary resources for treating the reported cases prior to arrival at the hospital.
Over the past decade, systems were concerned in reducing the rescue time through the accurate
detection of an accident, locating the incidents and sending accident information to the emergency services. To
achieve this goal, systems were divided into two parts:
− Hardware component was used by the first one to detect accidents through the measuring of
(the acceleration/collision/ severity...etc.)
− The second makes use of smartphone features (accelerometer, magnetometer, gyroscope, GPS…etc) to do
the same function, as explained in the next section, which described the literature review.
It was cleared that all the above systems concerned in detecting the accident and calling
the ambulance as soon as possible, but neglect the situation after the arrival of the patient to the specified
service point. The proposed system intended in reducing the rescue time after the arrival of a patient to
the hospital by providing all the necessary resources and reducing routine procedures that take time hence
increasing the chances of survival.
The system offers an automated warning system using wireless communication technology (4G).
The 4G is an advanced generation of cellular wireless standards, it provides a high data rate to broadband
Internet access, mobile, and stationary users. Some of the key features of it are (Global roaming, 10 Mbps to
100 Mbps data rate, IP interoperability for seamless mobile Internet), 4G provides facilities such as Internet
Protocol (IP) telephony, online gaming services, ultra-broadband internet access, and High-Definition
Television (HDTV) streamed multimedia etc. [16].
This system doesn't focus on reducing the number of incidents but on improving emergency assistance
with rapid and effective management of the available resources. It increases the chances of survival for people
who injured during incidents [17]. An early warning system consisting of two parts was designed the first
system developed for Android-based-smartphones. It sends a message containing the type of accident to
the emergency service, the second system received the data from the first system and send a warning message
to the specialist doctor.
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
The E-NOTIFY system was presented, it allows rapid detection of traffic incidents through the use of
information transfer technology (V2V and V2I communication technology). The system requires
the installation of on-board units in the vehicles, which detects incidents and notify them to an external Control
Unit that evaluate the severity of the incident and inform the emergency services about the accident [13]. This
paper presents a system for the summoning of the ambulance. The system prototype consists of a combination
of several components namely (GPS Microcontroller, GSM module, and a crash sensor). It installs as a black
box inside the vehicle. This system calls the ambulance once the incidents happen and sends location
3. ISSN: 1693-6930
TELKOMNIKA Telecommun Comput El Control, Vol. 18, No. 1, February 2020: 450 - 455
452
information to the emergency contacts [18].
This paper present a system that is developed for Android-based smartphones. The system relies on
the microcontroller to sense accidents and on GPS technology to locate the precise place of the incident.
The system prototype requires each vehicle to be endowed with an on-board unit (OBU) and a control unit
(CU) after an accident is detected the system sends short messages to the nearest hospital [19]. This paper
presents a system prototype that is consisting of an incident detection system and an Android smartphone.
The incident detection system consists of an accelerometer that senses the tilt of the car and a heartbeat sensor
that detect the severity of the incident, the system will make the decision and send the data to
the smartphone application via Bluetooth. The Android application sent a text message to the nearest medical
center and friends [20].
A system prototype was implemented using a combination of accelerometer and ultrasonic sensors.
The accelerometer senses any tilt in the car and the ultrasonic sensor senses the distance between
the vehicles. Using data from these sensors, the system detects an incident and sends the information into
the Losant IoT platform that sends an alarm to the emergency services and the concerned people [21].
Smartphone application for incident detection integrated with multimodal alert dissemination was presented,
accident detection algorithm receives inputs from the smartphone sensors and from the vehicle ODB-II airbag
signal, When a 4G or higher acceleration is detected and/or a rollover is detected, a DENM message sends to
the vehicles in the vicinity, in parallel with short message and voice call to the emergency service [22].
An accident detection application was designed, this application uses smartphone features like GPS,
accelerometer and mobile data as prerequisites. When an accidental collision is detected it sends SMS to
the nearest hospital [23]. Go Safe application was presented, the velocity and speed of the vehicle were
calculated using accelerometer sensors, if an accident is detected the application notify the nearest Hospitals
and Police stations [24]. A computational model was designed to guide the patients to the most appropriate
hospital by studying various variables that can be used as a reference by Emergency Medical Services (EMS)
and have a role in decision making that will affect patients’ lives [25].
An Android application was designed, it provides immediate help to the victim, the application
suggests nearby hospitals that will scan the victim’s QR Code and provide treatment according to the relevant
information as well as send emergency text messages to nearby police stations and user friends [26].
An Android application was developed. It detects incidents using the OBII airbag signal and smartphone
accelerometer. When the airbag signal is triggered or when a 5G or higher acceleration is detected, an email
and SMS containing important information are sent to emergency services [27]. In the black spots in northwest
Iran, many incidents have been reported. A method has been proposed to identify and prevent accidents in
black spots without relying on warning signals in the area. One of the preventive methods is
the warning systems. The results showed that the difference between warning and non-warning in the black
spots was marked with a confidence level of 95% effective warning in reducing the speed of the black spots.
Most drivers are very satisfied with the warning using car speakers [28].
A system was designed to develop the transportation infrastructure in major cities, taking into
consideration the problems of traffic congestion and the optimal design of the roads. Based on these problems,
a wireless video surveillance system was introduced to monitor the flow of traffic by relying on
a base of digital panoramic images [29]. A tree diagram was developed to locate the most appropriate hospital
location based on a summary of researchers' and scientists' knowledge, the analysis was performed through
the analysis of the selected site and numbering matrices based on the tree diagram. The results with
an average of 1.31 of 2 indicate that the field specified is suitable for building a hospital from a
positioning perspective [30].
3. PROPOSED SYSTEM
Figure 2 shows the basic structure of the Hospital emergency system. The system consists of several
components with different functions:
3.1. Android application model
Android studio is used to develop the Android application, it is an open source that is originally
provided by Google. The Android Emulator is used to simulate various android devices so that different
applications can be tested without the need to have each physical device. An Android virtual device (AVD) is
used to specify the Android version and hardware characteristics of the simulated devices as shown
in Figure 3.
4. TELKOMNIKA Telecommun Comput El Control
Intelligent alarm system for hospitals using smartphone technology (Bashar S. Bashar)
453
Figure 2. System architecture Figure 3. Android
application model
3.2. Client-server model
PhpMyAdmin website is used to store data about the accident and it represents an easy-to-use
interface that allows easy visualization of historical information and incident situations that require
immediate assistance.
3.3. Database update model
The information collected from the incident are stored in the database of the program (PhpMyAdmin
website) and updated continuously to increase the knowledge about the accident domain.
3.4. Reception model
The data collected from the accident must be received by the reception unit in the hospital. So, there
should be a model available to access messages and their fields.
3.5. Emergency services notification model
A warning message containing the type of injury should be sent to the emergency service and
the specialist doctor who will prepare the resources of receiving the patient and provide possible assistance.
4. SYSTEM ALGORITHM
4.1. The client/server system algorithm
The operation of the client/server system is shown in Figure 4. In this model, the user needs to login
to the system, if the login was successful the user will select the case of the incident and send the type of
the injury to the specified hospital server and if the login was failed the system will close automatically and
the user must log in again.
After sending the data through the application, the system stores the information in the database
(PhpMyAdmin), which will be available for updating and modifying by the hospital admin and can be obtained
through its special program on the computer, some of the information saved are: the selected case, the caller
ID and the date of sending the data..etc.
4.2. The reception/emergency service algorithm
The operation of the reception/emergency service system is shown in Figure 5. The system model was
developed for Windows with different versions, visual studio 2012 was used to develop the system. In this
model, the employee needs to register to the system using a predefined username and password, if
the registration was successful the data stored in the database (PhpMyAdmin) that containing the type of
the accident, its time and the patient's information will be received from the main server through the hospital
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TELKOMNIKA Telecommun Comput El Control, Vol. 18, No. 1, February 2020: 450 - 455
454
reception program and if the registration was failed the employee must reregister for 3 times before
the system is closed.
The program sends a warning message to the doctor concerned according to the type of injury and
disease, the doctor receives the message of alert through the special program on his computer and prepares
the resources necessary for the patient treatment. If the doctor is busy it will send the message to another doctor.
This will reduce the time necessary for saving patients life who needs emergency treatment.
After treatment, the hospital reception employee fills the patient's information’s (first name, last name,
phone number, email), update/delete them and the patient's information is stored in PhpMyAdmin database so
that it can be easily searched and retrieved using the patient's ID.
Figure 4. Client/server system flowchart Figure 5. Reception/emergency system flowchart
5. CONCLUSION
Failure to respond to immediate emergency calls leads to increased mortality. It has been observed
that even in response, deaths continue to occur as a result of increased rescue time during the first hour after
the accident, in this paper, an early warning system consisting of two parts was designed. The first system is a
client-server prototype that developed for Android-based- smartphones. It sends a message containing
the type of the incident to the emergency service, the second system is reception/emergency service prototype
that received the data from the first system and sends a warning message to the specialist doctor. The system
allows patients to communicate directly with hospitals during emergencies to minimize routine procedures that
take time. It provides easy and fast access to the patient’s data that can be shared between medical rules via
the internet. The system can reduce deaths efficiently, and this will save a lot of lives by sending
the patient's data earlier to the hospital and the specialist doctor to take all measures to rescue the injured after
reaching the emergency services point. Further research needed to be done to enable the system to connect
geographically to the nearest hospital in addition to increasing the number of critical cases it can handle.
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