2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
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The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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2. 2
INTRODUCTION
Innovation can be defined simply as a “new idea, device or
method “.Innovation work helps a teacher to teach a lesson easily. The role of
innovative work is very important in mathematics teaching. In order to teach
a lesson innovatively, the teacher must use lot of pictures, games, models and
songs. In teaching learning process the role of innovation work is very
important. It makes the class interesting. Innovation work is one of the
effective method for teaching difficult lesson easily. So in mathematics
education the role of innovation work is very helpful, useful and effective.
As part of B.Ed. curriculum, we have to do an innovative
work, the present innovative work is based on Trigonometric values and it is
named as “trigonometric hand trick”.
This is an easy way to remember the values of common
values of trigonometric functions in the quadrant. It helps the children to
avoid rote memorization of trigonometric values. This innovative work is
meant for 10th-12th standard students. For higher studies, we can use this
trigonometric hand trick as a guide.
3. 3
OBJECTIVES
To acquire the knowledge about trigonometric functions common
values.
To help students to recall and remember trigonometric functions values.
To understand the concept of trigonometric functions common values
by learning by doing.
To identify the mistakes made while studying trigonometric values
to avoid confusion among difficult trigonometric function values.
To help to memorise the values easily.
To increase student interest in mathematics.
To increase students interest in mathematics learning.
4. 4
APPLICATION
Trigonometric hand trick is an easy way to remember the
common values of trigonometric functions in the first quadrant. Most
trigonometry students are encouraged to memorize the “base angle”
evaluation for the three fundamental trigonometric functions. These five core
angles (in degrees) are 0º,30º, 45º,60ºand 90º.the three fundamental
trigonometric functions are sine ,cosine, and tangent. This model helps to
memorize 15 values easily.
STEP 1: Assign values to your hand like this (model shows right hand).
STEP 2: Find a big trigonometric problem.
For example: cos(
𝜋
6
)
STEP 3: Hold down the finger assigned for that angle.
5. 5
For example: hold down your ring finger for
𝜋
6
= 30°
STEP 4: Know the following formulas
sin 𝜃 =
√ 𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑟𝑠
2
cos 𝜃 =
√ 𝑡𝑜𝑝 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑟𝑠
2
tan 𝜃 =
√ 𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑚 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑟𝑠
√ 𝑡𝑜𝑝 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑔𝑒𝑟𝑠
“Bottom fingers” refers to how many fingers are “below” the finger you’ve
held down. “top finger” refers to how many figures “above “the finger
you’ve held down .your thumb counts.
STEP 5: Calculate the values for any trigonometric expression using the
appropriate formula.
For example : when we hold down our ring finger, there is 1 finger below our
ring finger (our pinkie ) and there are 3 fingers above our ring finger ( our
thumb , our index finger and our middle finger).
Therefore, cos (
𝜋
6
) =
√3
2
If we need sine, sin (
𝜋
6
) =
√1
2
=
1
2
6. 6
PROCEDURE
MATERIALS REQUIRED
Chart (yellow, red colours)
Markers
Scissors
Glue
1. First we have to draw a hand on a cardboard. Here i draw right hand for
this model.
2. Take a chart and cover this hand shaped cardboard with yellow chart by
using glue.
3. Now we cut 5 circles in the cardboard of 3cm radius and cover it with
red chart using glue. Then I wrote the five core angle i.e.; 0°, 30º, 45º,
60º, and 90º on each of these 5 circles by using marker.
4. First place the 45º circle in the middle finger using glue.
5. Then fix the 30° circle on the ring finger and 60° circle on the index
finger using glue.
6. Finally fix the 0° circle on pinkie finger and 90 ° on index finger.
7. Our “trigonometric hand trick” model is complete for performing the
functions.
8. 8
CONCLUSION
Innovation work helps the teacher to teach something
effectively. Here we can increase the interest of the pupils and also can avoid
rote learning by this interesting method. This type of innovation methods and
creativity techniques has important role in mathematics teaching and
learning.by this we can gain the interest of the pupils and also the students to
learn mathematics very interestingly
REFERENCES
https://m.youtube.com>watch
https;//sites.psu.edu>trigonometry-hand-trick
https://mathrescue.blogspot.com>2012/08>trignometry
