The innovative technologies of bamboo processing in China. Presented by Wang Ge at a meeting on small and medium enterprises.

1. Innovative Technologies of BambooInnovative Technologies of Bamboo
Processing in ChinaProcessing in China
Wang GeWang Ge
International Center for bamboo and Rattan
April.10,2015 Beijing, China

2. Outline
1. Bamboo Resource and Industry in China
3. Innovative Technologies and the Applications
of Bamboo Processing
4. Technology Development for Bamboo
Processing
2. Characteristics of Bamboo

3. 1. Bamboo Resource and
Industry in China

4.  Bamboo is one of the fastest growing plants in the world ， which
could be used as industrial material in 3-5 years old.
 China has rich bamboo resource ， more than 30 genera and 500
species. Bamboo forest area was 3.2 million hectares in 1981, while
6.01 million hectares in 2013. Planting bamboo forest area of six
provinces (Zhejiang, Guangdong, Sichuan, Guangxin, Fujian and
Anhui) accounts for 77%.
1.Bamboo resource and bamboo forest area

5. 2. Bamboo industry and bamboo products
 More than one hundred series including ten thousand kinds of bamboo
products ， used in various fields including Bamboo-based engineered
materials, bamboo furniture, bamboo floorings, bamboo pulp and
paper, bamboo shoots, bamboo crafts, etc.
 Bamboo industry output value reached 167.1 billion RMB ($28
billion). Import and export trade volume reached $2 billion or above.

6. 2. Characteristics of Bamboo

7. bamboo ring section
Out layer
Middle
layer
Inner layer
bamboo transection
bamboo vascular bundle (SEM)bamboo fiber(SEM)
bamboo culms
1. Anatomic structure of bamboo
Tissues: Parenchyma 50-60%;Fibers 25-35% ; Conducting tissue 5-15% (vessels, sieve tubes)

8. 2. Chemical composition of bamboo
 Chemical composition :
Cellulose 45-50 %
Hemicellulose 20-25 %
Lignin 20-30%
Extractives 2.5-5%
Ratio of chemical composition among genera and species are slightly
different

9. Wood
（ MPa ）
Gui bamboo
（ MPa ）
Ci bamboo
（ MPa ）
Moso bamboo
Outer layer
（ MPa ）
Inner layer
（ MPa ）
40-140 245.7 177.9 328 107
The comparisons of tensile strength between bamboo and wood
Index bamboo age Maximum Minimum AVE
Tensile strength
（ MPa ）
four-year-old 2708 1407 1710
Tensile modulus
（ GPa ）
four-year-old 40.8 19.6 27.1
Tensile strength of individual fiber (Moso bamboo)
3. Mechanical properties of bamboo

10. Typical bamboo products

11. 3. Innovative Technologies and the applications
of Bamboo Processing

12. In China, bamboo is widely used
in manufacturing laminated bamboo
board for structural components,
and also bamboo mat plywood and
bamboo-wood composite utilized as
building sheathings (wall, floor and
roof, etc).
- Bamboo-based structural composites

13. 12m bamboo-based beam
10m bamboo-based truss
Based on the properties and
characteristics of bamboo,
bamboo processing technology
had been made a breakthrough on
structural design, adhesive,
connecting technique

14. - Engineered bamboo constructions
By utilization of engineered bamboo materials, all kinds of
bamboo-based structural houses have been built in jiangsu, Hunan,
Sichuan, Beijing, Anhui Prov., etc.

15. Glued laminated bamboo being used as
structural material and bamboo beams
structure being connected in the form of
mortise and tenon joints, the aseismic
performance of the building is improved.
Large-span bamboo
structure public buildings
covers an area of 500
square meters---The
leisure centre in Sichuan

16. bamboo-wood material for
Doors and stairs
Bamboo-wood composite construction
Bamboo-wood composite materials
for beam component
Taking advantage of high strength of bamboo and high
volume recovery of planting wood respectively, bamboo-
wood laminated composite were made into high performance
materials which is used in construction.

17. - Aseismatic prefabricated bamboo house
A total area of 1400 m2
of Aseismatic prefabricated bamboo-based house was built and
donated to Sichuan earthquake disaster region in 2008 (20 sets in Du Jiangyan & 50 sets in
Wolong Giant Panda Reserve), which made positive contribution for disaster region
reconstruction.

18. Round bamboo structural house
(Cost ： 1400RMB/m2
, Market sale price ： 2100RMB/m2
)
- Round bamboo structural house

19. Round bamboo structural house with solar heating system

20. Bamboo sliced veneer decorationBamboo sliced veneer decoration
- Bamboo decorative materials

21. Bamboo scrimber decoration and furniture

22. Bamboo scimber application in Jiangsu Wuxi Grand TheatreBamboo scimber application in Jiangsu Wuxi Grand Theatre
(Stage chair Ceil Wall flooring )(Stage chair Ceil Wall flooring )

23. Fireproofing grade:
Europe fire standard M1
and Chinese fire
protection standard B1
Bamboo strip ceil decoration of MadridBamboo strip ceil decoration of Madrid
International Airport, SpainInternational Airport, Spain

24. Bamboo sliced veneer interior decoration of German BMW carBamboo sliced veneer interior decoration of German BMW car

25. - Outdoor application
Outdoor bamboo scrimber decking
Key advanced technologies, which are durability , have made a breakthrough
that bamboo composites used in outdoor successfully.

26. Exterior wall made of bamboo

27. - Bamboo-based twine pipe for hydraulic
transportation purpose
Bamboo slivers or bamboo-bundle fibers are used as basic materials, through
wet twine technology to make high value-added bamboo reinforced pressure
pipe, which is diameter range from 200mm to 2000mm.
Take the place of a portion of glass reinforced pipe, steel tube, plastic
pipe,etc, and reduce energy consumption, pollution and the use of non-
renewable resources. It can meet the demand of forestry, hydraulic
transportation, agricultural irrigation, municipal pipe network, etc.
Take full advantage of high
tensile strength, great
flexibility and toughness of
bamboo.

28. Bamboo-based twine pipe
practical application for hydraulic
transportation in agricultural
irrigation.

29. - Bamboo blades for wind power generation
Bamboo blades for wind power
generator were made from bamboo
laminated lumber and bamboo
scrimber. The manufacturing
technology of bamboo-base
reinforced materials have been
developed, which satisfies the basic
requirement of dynamic load
performance for above purpose.

30. Bamboo blades for wind power generation with a length of 38 meters

31. In Shandong Hekou, the glass fiber
reinforced materials were replaced by bamboo
blades for wind-power generators and 1.5MW
wind turbine generator system are working in
national grid-connected system since 2009.
testing
assembling
working

32. - Bamboo based casing for electronic products
A large number of equipment casing for
electronic products (e.g. bamboo keyboard,
mouse, loudspeaker casing) were
manufactured by bamboo instead of plastic,
which are environmental friendliness,
sustainable utilization etc.
Bamboo-based keyboard and loudspeaker casing

33. A single moso bamboo culm = four bamboo keyboards = $133
(A single moso bamboo culm = $2 ~ $3)

34. - The flattened processing technology of round
bamboo culms and its products
Chopping Boards ： The round bamboo culms are directly flattened and made
into a whole chopping block without adhesive on the surface. The products are
customized for the European brand WMF.

35. A Bamboo Floorings ： The round bamboo culms are also directly flattened
and made into a whole bamboo floorings, and the bamboo recovery reached 80%
above.

36. - Bamboo fiber for textile purpose
* Natural bamboo fiber preparation and identification
technology for textile purpose :
The pretreating, decomposing, soften molding and
postprocessing technology of natural bamboo fiber has been
developed in recent years.
The bamboo fiber textiles and fabrics have been produced with
the properties of natural bamboo fiber being remained.
Novel natural bamboo fiber identification method have been
developed.

37. Natural bamboo fiber fabric products

38. Raw bamboo material Bamboo cellulose pulp
Viscose bamboo fiberViscose bamboo fiber yarnViscose bamboo fiber products
* The processing technology of viscose bamboo fiber and
fabrics:
Viscose bamboo fiber fabric products

39. Colorful bamboo vases:
- Processing technology of Bamboo-based high
quality artwork
Colorful bamboo weaving paintings:

40. 4. Technology Development for Bamboo
Processing

41.  The manufacturing technologies of bamboo-
based durable engineering materials
Outdoor application, engineering use, etc.
 High yield and economical utilization of
advanced bamboo processing technology
Reconstituting, flattening, etc.
 Key technologies for manufacturing of
modern bamboo building components
Low carbon consumption, energy saving,
environmental-friendly housing. etc.
 New technology of functional improvement
for bamboo-based products
Waterproof, anticorrosion, mildewproof, etc.

42. Bamboo is a natural renewable resource.
Compared with petrochemical materials, the
processing of bamboo performs energy saving,
environmental protection and sustainable
development.
LCALCA
Bamboo is a natural renewable resource, and
its processing is environmental-friendly and
sustainable. Bamboo industry has a vast market
potential and a bright prospect.

43. Thank you ！
Wang Ge Professor
International Center for bamboo and Rattan
The Bamboo Utilization Committee of China National Bamboo
Industry Association
No.8 FuTong Eastern Avenue, Wangjing Area,
Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, P.R.China
010-84789751 13661285283
wangge@icbr.ac.cn