The document provides an overview of a class on web servers. It discusses Apache and IIS web servers, file types and server-side processing using CGI, PHP, and other technologies. Upcoming projects and topics are also mentioned, including images, tables, CGI, and JavaScript to be covered in the following weeks. Students are instructed on how to hand code basic web pages by typing HTML in a text editor and viewing in the browser.

1. INLS 461 Web Servers

2. Housekeeping Today’s Presentation Project 5 due midnight tonight Project 6 due midnight Thursday 3/1 Any questions about material so far?

3. Suggested Preparation Read Web Design in a Nutshell 3 rd Ed., Chapters 12-13, Appendix D 2 nd Ed., Chapters 12, 13, 16 Request CGI Service for your Onyen Search for CGI Access at help.unc.edu Request Personal CGI Access for yourself

4. Simple Browser-Server Interaction Browser Issue a http request – “Get me this file” Process http response – “A <read mime type> file. I can open it using <insert correct helper application>” Server Respond to http request “Here is your <insert mime type> file”

5. Required Software Browsers Internet Explorer Firefox Mozilla Opera Safari Netscape … Web Servers Apache Microsoft Internet Information Server …

6. Apache Software Foundation “ The Apache Software Foundation provides support for the Apache community of open-source software projects. The Apache projects are characterized by a collaborative, consensus based development process, an open and pragmatic software license, and a desire to create high quality software that leads the way in its field. We consider ourselves not simply a group of projects sharing a server, but rather a community of developers and users”. * * Source: http://www.apache.org/

7. Apache Web Server Open source Runs primarily on UNIX (including Knoppix) Apache has been the most popular web server on the Internet since April of 1996. The February 2005 Netcraft Web Server Survey found that more than 68% of the web sites on the Internet are using Apache, thus making it more widely used than all other web servers combined. * * Source: http://www.apache.org/

8. Internet Information Server (IIS) Microsoft product Free with XP By default it is turned off History of security issues Critical to keep patches up to date NOTE : You do not have permission to run your own server in SILS – use either UNC’s server (on isis) or the SILS server (on Ruby)

9. File (MIME) Types Web server can serve many types of file Not just *.html MIME types -- list in Niederst (check index) Browser can process as appropriate Defaults User settable (“open with”) We’ve seen already: *.html, *.txt, *.ppt

10. Where Are The Files? On both isis and ruby: Browser asks for … http://<hostname>/~youronyen/<etc.> Server sends … Your $HOME/public_html/<etc.>

11. Server side processing Server can do more than just send a page E.g., searches and database processing Server side processing technology: Common Gateway Interface (CGI) Active Server Pages (ASP) Personal Home Page (PHP) JavaServer Pages (JSP) Java Servlets

12. Server Side Processing Example Get me the SILS resources page Get bookings for room 214 Book 214 on <insert date> at <insert time>. My user name is cablake, my password is xxx. Here is the http page Search database and show current bookings for 214 Authenticate user If ok, add to database Send email confirmation

13. Server Side Programming Covered in depth in INLS 572 Still more depth in INLS 668 Shell scripting PHP Javascript (on client)

14. Client side processing Client can do more than just show the page E.g., data validation checks, menu processing Technology to support client side processing: Javascript (NOT the same as Java) Visual Basic (VB) Script

15. Client Side Processing Example Webmail empty trash function Javascript prompts “are you sure” If yes, sends empty trash request Server needn’t process the “are you sure” part Webmail create folder function Javascript prompts for name of folder Sends create folder <name> request Server needn’t ask for a folder name

16. Near Term Course Plan This week: images, color, tables Project 6 Week after: CGI, Javascript, XHTML Project 7 Spring break No project Then: Excel, Access

17. Hand Coding a Web Page Start Notepad or Wordpad, type a little  Save as *.html file (may have to MS around) May leave open, NO NEED TO EXIT Start browser, open the same *.html file Displays your file as a web page May also leave open

18. Hand Coding Edit Cycle Make changes in text editor Save (leave open) Refresh browser window Displays your changes Repeat as necessary When done, transfer file(s) to server (Test one more time, on server)