The document discusses the use of infinitives (to + verb) and gerunds (verb + ing) in English grammar. It explains when to use infinitives, including after adjectives, for showing purpose, and following certain verbs, as well as similar rules for gerunds. Examples illustrate each rule to clarify their application in sentences.

1. GRAMMAR
INFINITVES AND REGUNDS
1Hoang Anh Tran_Gerund or Infinitive

2. 1. Infinitives – To V
1. After ADJ
• It’s difficult to learn English well.
• We are so happy to be husband and wife. 
2Hoang Anh Tran_Gerund or Infinitive

3. 2. To show purpose
• She went to Korea to meet EXO.
• Alex has been studying hard to pass the
entrance exam.
To V = in order to V= so as to V
1. Infinitives – To V
3Hoang Anh Tran_Gerund or Infinitive

4. 3. AFTER certain Verbs
1. Infinitives – To V
want hope aim offer promise
fail tend threaten plan afford
agree learn manage care deserve
refuse expect attempt decide arrange
 What do you want to do?
 I hope to go to university next year.
 We have decided to leave tomorrow.
 My brother is learning to drive.
 I want to Tom but failed to attract his attention.
 He agreed to lend me some money.
4Hoang Anh Tran_Gerund or Infinitive

5. 1. Infinitives – To V
1 •After Adjectives
2 •To show purpose
3 •After certain Verbs
5Hoang Anh Tran_Gerund or Infinitive

6. 2. Gerund– V_ing
1. After PREPOSITIONS
• Thanks so much for loving me for 20 years.
• He insisted on marrying Lady Gaga.
6Hoang Anh Tran_Gerund or Infinitive

7. 2. As the SUBJECT or OBJECT of a sentence
• Waking up on Sunday morning is so
wonderful.
• Learning English is difficult.
2. Gerund– V_ing
7Hoang Anh Tran_Gerund or Infinitive

8. 3. AFTER certain Verbs
2. Gerund– V_ing
suggest postpone involve mind fancy
practice consider imagine delay admit
risk miss deny finish avoid
 I enjoy dancing.
 Mary suggested going to the cinema.
 I don’t mind helping you with your exercises.
 He tried to avoid answering my questions.
 Have you ever considered going to another country?
 I’ll do the shopping when I’ve finished cleaning the floor.
8Hoang Anh Tran_Gerund or Infinitive

9. ● notice :
WOULD like/love/hate/prefer + to V
 Jane would like to meet you.
 I would love to go to Australia one day.
 Would you like to have a cup of coffee with
me?
9Hoang Anh Tran_Gerund or Infinitive

10. 2. Gerund– V_ing
1 •After Prepositions
2 •As Subject or Object
3 •After certain Verbs
10Hoang Anh Tran_Gerund or Infinitive