This document is a project report submitted by MD Dilshad for the partial fulfillment of a diploma in computer science and engineering from Maulana Azad National Urdu University. It details their 24 week industrial training with Web Monk Technology in New Delhi, where they worked on website designing and development using HTML, CSS, PHP, and WordPress. The objectives of the training were to gain practical experience in a real work environment, apply academic knowledge, and prepare for future employment.
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Final Internship Report at Institute of Information Technology, University of Dhaka (IIT, DU [http://www.iit.du.ac.bd]); performed at Jantrik Technologies Ltd. [http://www.jantrik.com]
"A die is a specialized tool used in manufacturing industries to cut or shape material mostly using a press. Like molds, dies are generally customized to the item they are used to create. Products made with dies range from simple paper clips to complex pieces used in advanced technology".
this is my first SIWES report on web development, held at ABU-TECH IT HUB birnin kebbi, and im student of federal university birnin kebbi. computer science department
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"A die is a specialized tool used in manufacturing industries to cut or shape material mostly using a press. Like molds, dies are generally customized to the item they are used to create. Products made with dies range from simple paper clips to complex pieces used in advanced technology".
this is my first SIWES report on web development, held at ABU-TECH IT HUB birnin kebbi, and im student of federal university birnin kebbi. computer science department
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Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
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1. ON
WEBSITE DESIGNING & DEVELOPMENT
Project Report Submitted
In Partial Fulfilment of The Requirement For The Diploma in
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
Submitted By
Name of the Student:- MD DILSHAD
Enrollment No. 16DPCS013DB
Submitted to
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
MAULANA AZAD NATIONAL URDU UNIVERSITY
POLYTECHNIC, DARBHANGA (BIHAR)
2018-2019
2. I hereby declare that the Industrial Training Report entitled "Website Designing
Development " is an authentic record of my own work as requirements of Industrial
Training during the period from 01/01/2018 to 15/04/2018 for the award of Diploma in
Computer Science and Engineering from Maulana Azad National Urdu University
(MANUU), Polytechnic, Darbhanga under the guidance of Dr. Mohd Ashraf
Date:_________________ ( Signature of student)
(MD DILSHAD)
(16DPCS013DB)
.
3.
4. Certifiedthatthisproject/trainingreportentitled“WebsiteDesigning&Development”
Submittedby MD DILSHAD (16DPCS013DB), Maulana AzadNational Urdu
University,Polytechnic,Darbhangainthe partial fulfilmentof the requirementforthe
Awardof DiplomainComputerScience andEngineeringwhocarriedoutthe Industrial
Trainingworkundermysupervision.
This report has not been submitted to any other university or institution for the award of
any degree.
Signature Signature
Head of Department Name of the Supervisor
5. The internship opportunity I had with WEB MONK TECHNOLOGY was a
great chance for learning and professional development. Therefore, I
consider myself as a very lucky individual as I was provided with an
opportunity to be a part of it. I am also grateful for having a chance to
meet so many wonderful people and professionals who led me though
this internship period.
Bearing in mind previous I am using this opportunity to express my
deepest gratitude and special thanks to the CEO of Jyoti Kuthiala
who in spite of being extraordinarily busy with her/his duties, took time
out to hear, guide and keep me on the correct path and allowing me to
carry out my project at their esteemed organization and extending
during the training.
I express my deepest thanks to Dr. Mohd Ashraf Associate Professor
for taking part in useful decision & giving necessary advices and. I
choose this moment to acknowledge his contribution gratefully.
I perceive as this opportunity as a big milestone in my career
development. I will strive to use gained skills and knowledge in the best
possible way, and I will continue to work on their improvement, in order
to attain desired career objectives.
6. The reportisa summaryof the workexperienceIhave beenable togatherduring
my Industrial TrainingProgramat Web Monk Technology in New Delhi.
The report contains some of Testing, Commissioning and Troubleshooting on
variousWebsite Designing&Developmentforthe successfully completion of the
training.
I worked on the creation of Website Designing& Development by the help of
HTML, CSS, PHP and Word Press. I made Responsive Website My Training
Company’s Clients Website such as Cooasta, Salegiral etc.
Duringthe TrainingPeriodIhave got an exposure of Real WorkingConditionsand
Challenges of the Software Company.
The Main Aim of the Industrial TrainingProgram is to Produce MaximumPractical
Exposure to the TraineesWho are Readyto Face the World of Work. the Program
alsoAimstoProduce Knowledgeable,SkillsandTechnicalExperience Demandedby
Employers, Whoare able to apply the Knowledge Acquired in Industrial Training.
8. 4.1.1 WEB DESIGNING ELEMENTS
4.1.2 RESPONSIVEWEBDESINGN
4.1.3 WEB COMPONENTS
4.1.4 WEB HOSTINGSERVICES
4.1.5 DOMAIN URL
4.1.6 DOMAIN REGISTER
4.1.7 CREATING A WEBSITE
4.2 HTML
4.2.1 HTML ADVANTAGE
4.2.2 HTML DISADVANTAGE
4.2.3 HTML PAGE STRUCTURE
4.3 CSS
4.3.1 TYPES OF STYLESHEET
4.3.2 CSS BORDER
4.3.3 CSS MARGIN
4.3.4 CSS PADDING
4.3.5 CSS FONTS
4.3.6 CSS BACKGROUND
4.3.7 CSS COLORS
4.4 WORD PRESS
4.4.1 WORDPRESSPLUGIN
4.4.2 WORDPRESSTHEME
4.4.3 WORDPRESSPAGES
4.4.4 WORDPRESSMENUS
4.4.5 WORDPRESSCUST0MIZATION
4.4.6 WORDPRESSEDITOR
4.4.7 WORDPRESSPAGE BUILDER
4.4.8 WORDPRESSRESPONSIVEDESING
4.5 PHP
4.5.1 CHARACTERSTICSOFPHP
4.5.2 PHPSESSION
4.5.3 SESSION DESTROY
4.5.4 PHPCOOKIES
4.5.5 PHPIF ELSE STATEMENT
4.5.6 PHPLOOPS
4.5.7 PHPARRAY
4.5.8 CMS USING PHP
4.6 JQUERY
9. 4.6.1 JQUERY SELECTOR
4.6.2 JQUERY EVENTS
4.6.3 JQUERY METHOD
4.6.4 JQUERY TRAVERSING
4.6.5 JQUERY AJAX
4.6.6 JQUERY FORM VALIDATION
4.6 MY-SQL
4.7.1 CONNECTION WITHDATABASE
4.7.2 INSERT DATA IN DATABASE
4.7.3 SELECT DATA FROMDATABASE
4.7.4 UPDATE DATA IN DATABASE
4.7.5 CREATE TABLE
4.7.6 IMPORT DATA IN TABLE
4.7.7 EXPORTDATA FROMTABLE
4.7.8 ADMIN PANEL USING MYSQL & PHP
CHAPTER-05
FINDING AND RECOMMENDATIO
CHAPTER-06
CONCLUSION
CHAPTER-07
REFRENCES
10. CHAPTER-01
1.1 Brief Introduction To The IndustrialTraining course
The industrial training compulsory for every student Diploma in
Information Technology (Programming) as a condition for the award
of the diploma. This exercise is also intended to provide exposure and
experience to the students about the real situation in the field of
Information Technology (Programming) and as an early preparation
for students before entering the working world. For the 2016/2019
session, the training runs for 24 weeks, starting from 10January 2019
until 6 March 2019.
I have sought and found a place to undergo industrial training in the
Department of Information Technology. In Web and Multimedia
Section In this position, I was placed in the Department of IT
(Information Technology Department). During this training, I was
given the opportunity to follow the learning involved technical
assistance related. Web Development software that I get is that it can
help me understand the needs of business and academic increase
clearer understanding and widespread in the intricacies of information
technology (programming).
11. 1.2 The ObjectiveOf IndustrialTraining
Industry training is a major component of the extra-curricular learning in
polytechnics. The students are required to pass before the industrial
training is recommended for award of a diploma at any university. The
students will be placed in government departments or private companies
for 24 weeks to expose them to a real work environment and different
from the atmosphere at the university.
Often students will be faced with many challenges and problems that have
not been confronted. The main purpose of this training was to expose
students to the real working environment when the students out of the
polytechnic later.
Students also have the opportunity to use all the knowledge and theories
related to courses taken while at the polytechnic course of industrial
training and provide opportunities for students to use the fruit of a creative
mind for the good of the firm and indirectly for their own benefit as well.
Thus, there has been this experience, maybe can help students to study in
the following semester and a real working environment. Students also can
be exposed to ways to communicate well, expanding relationships
between partners of the workplace and the people around, foster
teamwork and good relations with industrial workers where this at once
can cause a sense responsible to a trust (work) and balance as well as from
all aspects.
In addition, following the industrial training, students can improve their
own weaknesses to improve and think more rationally in the handle which
had been given by the employer. In the course of industrial training,
students can assess their ability to work from employers. The students
themselves can infuse the spirit of productivity to
Hopefully with the Industrial Training which is able to run to enhance the
knowledge of students to enable them to contribute more effectively
towards national development in the future and also to get a job that suits
them according to the skills they have learned. In conclusion, the objective
of the training period is to:
a) To expose students to the real working environment.
b) Let’s students see the connection between theoretical learning with
12. Practical work.
c) Adopt and comply with safety regulations in the industry.
d) Establish and strengthen confidence in the performance of duties.
e) Instill teamwork and good relationships with other employees.
f) Ability to assess themselves to prepare for the working world after
Graduation.
g) Raise awareness and increase student interest in the subject selected.
h) Uplifting honest, trustworthy, dedicated and responsible for the
Tasks assign
1.3 The ObjectiveOf IndustrialTraining Report
Some objectives can be defined and made known in this industrial
training report are described as follows:
i) Be evidence that the student has been training period by a
predetermined time period.
ii) Record all activities during the training period.
iii) A reference in the future.
iv) It proves that students understand and appreciate the work done
anything
During the Industrial Training.
v) As a reference after the training period in the firm after completed their
studies
At the Polytechnic.
1.4 The ImportanceOf IndustrialTraining
Industrial Training must be lived by all students in public higher
education institutions or Private as a prerequisite for qualifying
students receive a Certificate Diploma or Degree in majors taken.
Actually it is not so qualified, but it is to create awareness about the
situation in the working environment. With the Industrial Training
many useful and valuable experience gained as supply before set foot
in the sphere of employment. It also can build confidence with the
13. experience and knowledge available. So quite easy and convenient to
carry out the work which will be given later.
Industry training is important because such training can expose
students to the real working environment. It also can add and expand
technical knowledge and skills of the student, if the student has
previously acquired knowledge is limited, but when students attend this
training, students can find out more about things, and when something
will work. In addition, students can learn about the latest technology or
skills in Training Industry.
In addition, this exercise also introduce the students themselves in
terms of ability, willingness and attitude to the employer. This exercise
can highlight the ability of students to work hard and to work with
dedication and show a positive attitude to the employer.
14. CHAPTER-02
2.1 company Profile
(Fig:-1 - Company Logo)
Web Monk Technology was established with the objective to develop an
environment of fairness, honesty, integrity and courtesy towards their
clients, employees, vendors and society at large. Our Pleasure Making a new
Relationship with your Company. I would like to thank you for giving me this
opportunity at Web Monk Technology. Web Monk Technology is a bunch of
young passionate, energetic and diligent professionals who are eager to
take new challenges. Web Monk Technology have a skilled pool of technical
professionals that have expertise in the latest mobile and web technologies,
offering versatile information technology solutions to our clients.
2.2 company Background
My Company Name is Web Monk Technology. Situated at Rohini West,
New Delhi. It takes a lot of Projects on Web Development, Web
Applications Development, iOS Development, Android Development,
Content Management System, e-Commerce, Market Place, Technology
Consultant, Server Management/ Maintenance. Web Monk Technology.
Founded in 2018, commenced business as a Web Development, Android
15. Development and Other Applications Development. Web Monk
Technology work focused on Content Management System, ecommerce
for business. As the Web developed, Web Monk Technology Collaborate
with different Clients and quickly gained reputation for using technologies
to build complex enterprise-level solutions. Web Monk Technology have
diversified their experience by working in various verticals which demands
technology to ease out their working environment.
2.3 company Vision
Web Monk Technology. have vision to keep them updated with all the
latest technological advancements taking place in the market and also to
provide best of technology solutions at an affordable price, to provide
best services and implement the effective strategies and provide client
satisfaction, to create a platform for young professionals to dream and
achieve big in their professional life.
2.4 company Objective
Web Monk Technology have Well-qualified and experienced IT
professionals and programmers are assisting in fulfilling the varied
requirement of their clients in all aspects. All these professionals possess
years of valuable experience in their respective sphere which further allow
to undertake varied kinds of services meeting client’s actual need. To
maintain the hassle free and smooth flow of work in organization, all these
IT professionals work in close proximity with each other so as to achieve
the pre-determined objective of organization
2.5 company Products And Services
Web Development.
Android Development.
16. Banner
Content Management System
Web Applications Development.
E-Commerce Development.
Market Place.
Technology Consultant
2.6 company Mission
WebMonk Technologies. have mission to develop elegant and
affordable technology solutions that enable small to large
businesses to establish visibility online, increase sales, and improve
productivity. They believe in using their creativity and aesthetic
potential in providing flexible technology solutions with including
easier, faster, and more efficient and user friendly interfaces.They
have mission to Develop Elegant & Affordable Technology.
2.6 core Business
This Organization is counted among the renowned service providers
offering a broad assortment of IT services to the clients at cost-
effective prices. Their fair and honest business practices with clients
have enabled them in securing a topnotch position in the industry.
Besides this, facilities like customization, easy modes of payment and
timely execution and completion of services, they are highly
acclaimed in the market. Some other factors responsible for their
success are:
Well-qualified and experienced team of IT professionals
Timeliness maintained
Outfitted with adv. database, internet connection &
communication
17. Strong networking
Goodwill in the market
Ethical and transparent business dealings
Various modes of payment
2.6 OrganizationChart
(fig:-2 Compony Organization Chart)
18. CHAPTER-03
3.1 Weekly Activity-1
S.No Date Day Daily Activity
1 05-01-19 Monday Html Basic Syntax
2 05-01-19 Tuesday Html Header
3 06-01-19 Wednesday Html Footer
4 07-01-19 Thursday Html Icons
5 08-01-19 Friday Html Classes
6 09-01-19 Saturday Html Id
7 10-01-19 Sunday Weekly Holiday
3.2 Weekly Activity-2
S.No Date Day Daily Activity
1 11-01-19 Monday Css Margin
26. CHAPTER-04
4.1 WEB DESIGNING
Web design is a similar process of creation, with the intention of
presenting the content on electronic web pages, which the end-users
can access through the internet with the help of a web browser. Design
is the process of collecting ideas, and aesthetically arranging and
implementing them, guided by certain principles for a specific purpose
(Fig:-3 –Web Design Anatomy)
27. 4.1.1 WEB DESIGNING ELEMENTS
Elements of Web Design are:
Layout: This is the way the graphics, ads and text are arranged.
In the web world, a key goal is to help the view find the
information they seek at a glance. This includes maintaining the
balance, consistency, and integrity of the design.
Graphics: Graphics can include logos, photos, clipart or icons, all
of which enhance the web design. For user friendliness, these
need to be placed appropriately, working with the color and
content of the web page, while not making it too congested or
slow to load.
Colour: The choice of colors depends on the purpose and
clientele; it could be simple black-and-white to multi-colored
design, conveying the personality of a person or the brand of an
organization, using web-safe colors.
Fonts: The use of various fonts can enhance a website design.
Most web browsers can only read a select number of fonts,
known as "web-safe fonts", so your designer will generally work
within this widely accepted group.
Content: Content and design can work together to enhance the
message of the site through visuals and text. Content should be
optimized for search engines and be of a suitable length,
incorporating relevant keywords.
Navigation: Site architecture, menus and other navigation tools
in the web design must be created with consideration of how
users browse and search..
Multimedia: Relevant video and audio stimuli in the design can
help users to grasp the information, developing understanding
in an easy and quick manner. This can encourage visitors to
spend more time on the webpage.
Compatibility: Design the webpage, to perform equally well on
different browsers and operating systems, to increase its
viewing.
28. 4.1.2 RESPONSIVE WEB DESIGN
Responsive Web Design is an approach to Web Design aimed at crafting
sites to provide an optimal viewing experience with a minimum of
Resizing, Planning, and Scrolling across Wide Range of Devices. Layout
Designed by using Proportion-Based Grids, Flexible Images, and CSS3
Media Queries.
(Fig:-4 - Responsiveness)
MEDIA QUERY
Media query is a CSS technique introduced in CSS3.It uses the
@media rule to include a block of CSS properties only if a certain
condition is true. Example For Media Query:-
If the browser window is smaller than 500px,background color will
change to red.
@media only screen and (max-width:500px)
{
29. Body {background-color: red;
}
}
4.1.3 WEB COMPONENTS
Clients and Servers
Internet Service Providers
Web Site Hosting Services
Domains Names, URL’s
Registrars
4.1.3 WEB HOSTING SERVICES
Web Hosting is a service that allows organizations and individuals to
post a website onto the Internet. A Web Host, or Web Hosting Service
Provider, is a business that provides the technologies and services
needed for the Website to be viewed in the Internet. Websites are
hosted, or stored, on special computers called Server. When Internet
users want to view your website, all they need to do is type your
website address or domain into their browser. Their computer will
then connect to your server and your webpages will be delivered to
them through the browser
(Fig:-5- Web Hosting)
30. 4.1.4 DOMAINS,s URL
The Universal Resource (URL), is an entire set of directions, and it
contains extremely detailed information. The domain name is one of
the pieces inside of a URL. It is also the most easily recognized part of
the entire address. When computer users type a web address directly
into the field at the top of their browser window, it initiates a process
of locating the page requested. To do so, the instructions contained
inside the URL, including the domain name, must correctly point to that
location. The IP address is a numerical code that makes this possible.
An Internet Protocol also known as IP, address is different than a
domain name. The IP address is an actual set of numerical instructions.
It communicates exact information about the address in a way that is
useful to the computer but makes no sense to humans.
(Fig:-6 – Domain Name URL)
Domain name: The specific address of a computer on the
Internet
Uniform Resource Locator (URL):
4.1.5 DOMAIN REGISTRAR
31. A Domain Name Registrar is an organization or commercial entity that
manages the reservation of Internet domain names. A domain name
registrar must be accredited by a generic Top-Level Domain (gTLD)
registry and/or a country code Top-Level Domain (ccTLD) registry.
4.1.6 CREATING A WEBSITE
1. Choose a domain name and Register it.
2. Choose a hosting service
3. Tell Registrar the IP address
4. Create Web Content
5. Publish onto Hosting Service using FTP.
6. Submit New Site to Search Engines
4.1.7 PRINCIPLE OF GOOD WEB DESIGN
1. User Friendly
2. Displays Quickly
3. Browser Compatible
4. Secure.
5. Attractive Design, Easy to Read
6. Cultural Bias.
7. No Technical Problems (Broken Links, Buggy Scripts)
8. Easy Maintainable
9. Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
4.1.7 CREATING WEBSITE CONTENT
Markup Languages (HTML, DHTML, XML etc.)
32. Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)
Bootstrap
Scripting Languages(Perl, Javascript,PHP etc.)
Web Creation and Editing Software(Notepad, DreamViewer, Komodo etc.)
4.2 HTML
HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language, and it is the most widely
used language to write Web Pages. HTML is a Markup Language which
means you use HTML to simply "Mark-Up" a text document with tags
that tell a Web browser how to structure it to display. Html Elements
are the Building Blocks of Html Pages.Html Elements are Represented
by Tags.Html Tags Label Pieces of Content Such as "Heading",
"Paragraph", "Table" etc.
4.2.1 HTML ADVANTAGE
1. Is Very Easy To Pick up Learn
2. It’s now a Standard.
3. Fairly Small, Easy To Learn Language.
4. It's An Open Standard, Widely Support.
5. It’s Plain Text So Is Easy To Edit.
6. Fast Interpretation- Fast Web Browsers.
7. Portability Vitally Important To Adaption as the Standard for Web
Markup.
4.2.2 HTML DISADVANTAGE
1) Limited Capabilities, Fixed Specification.
2) It's Not Extensible For New Domains.
3) Isn't Rendered Correctly In All Browsers.
4) Isn't Really As Flexible As Other Standards Or Technologies.
33. 5) Its Not Centralized ( All Pages Must Be Edited Individually ).
6) Very Limited Styling Capabilities ( We're Not Talking about CSS Here! )
4.2.2 HTML PAGE STRUCTURE
(Fig:-7 – HTML Page Structure)
4.3 CSS
CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets.CSS describes how HTML
elements are to be displayed on screen, paper, or in other media.CSS
saves a lot of work. It can control the layout of multiple web pages all at
once.External style sheets are stored in CSS files. CSS Says the browser
how the content should be displayed in browsers. CSS is used to define
styles for your web pages, including the design, layout and variations in
display for different devices and screen sizes.
34. (Fig:-8 – CSS Syntax)
4.3.1 TYPES OF STYLESHEET
1. External Style sheet
A Cascading Style Sheet file will have extension as .css and it will be
included in HTML files using tag.
Example:- <link href=”style.css” type=”text/css” rel=”stylesheet”>
.red{
Color:red;
}
2. Internal Style sheet
You can include those rules in header section of the HTML document
using
<style>tag
Example:-
<style type=”text/css”>
.red{
Color:red;
}
</style>
3. Inline Style sheet
This should be done only when you are interested to make a
particular change in any HTML element only. Rules defined inline with
the element overrides the rules defined in an external CSS file as well
as the rules defined in<style> Element
Example:-
<p style=”color:red;”>This Is Red</p>
4.3.2 CSS BORDER
The border-style property can have from one to four values (for the top
border, right border, bottom border, and the left border).The following
values are allowed in CSS:
35. Dotted - Defines a dotted border
Dashed - Defines a dashed border
Solid - Defines a solid border
Double - Defines a double border
None - Defines no border
Hidden - Defines a hidden border
(Fig:-9 – CSS Border)
4.3.3 CSS MARGIN
The CSS margin properties are used to create space around elements,
outside of any defined borders. With CSS, you have full control over the
margins. There are properties for setting the margin for each side of an
36. element (top, right, bottom, and left). Negative values are allowed in
Margin.
CSS has properties for specifying the margin for each side of an element:
margin-top
margin-right
margin-bottom
margin-left
All the margin properties can have the following values:
auto - the browser calculates the margin
length - specifies a margin in px, pt, cm, etc.
% - specifies a margin in % of the width of the containing element
inherit - specifies that the margin should be inherited from the parent
element
Example:-
p { margin-top: 100px;
margin-bottom: 100px;
margin-right: 150px;
margin-left: 80px;
}
p {
margin: 25px 50px 75px 100px;
}
4.3.4 CSS PADDDING
The CSS padding properties are used to generate space around an
element's content, inside of any defined borders.With CSS, you have
full control over the padding. There are properties for setting the
padding for each side of an element (top, right, bottom, and
left).Negative values are not allowed in Padding.
CSS has properties for specifying the padding for each side of an
element:
padding-top
padding-right
padding-bottom
37. padding-left
All the padding properties can have the following values:
length - specifies a padding in px, pt, cm, etc.
% - specifies a padding in % of the width of the containing element
inherit - specifies that the padding should be inherited from the parent
element
Example:-
div
{
padding-top: 50px;
padding-right: 30px;
padding-bottom: 50px;
padding-left: 80px;
}
4.3.5 CSS FONTS
The CSS font properties define the font family, boldness, size,the style
of a text. Difference Between Serif and Sans-serif Fonts
4.3.6 CSS LAYOUTS
The position property specifies the type of positioning method used
for an element (static, relative, fixed, absolute or sticky).The position
property specifies the type of positioning method used for an element.
There are five different position values:
Static
relative
fixed
absolute
sticky
Elements are then positioned using the top, bottom, left, and right
properties. However, these properties will not work unless the
position property is set first. They also work differently depending on
the position value.
38. 4.3.6 CSS COLORS
We can use CSS color in three style for User Interface.
1. ASCII value
2. HEXA value
3. RGB value
Example for ASCII, HEXA, RBG VALUE
p
{
Font-color: red;
Background-color: #ff0000;
}
h1
{
font-color: rgb (200,180, 50);
}
4.3.6 CSS BACKGROUND
The CSS Background properties are used to define the background
effects for elements.
1. Background-Color
2. Background-Image
3. Background-Repeat
4. Background-Attachment
5. Background-Position
4.4 WORDPRESS
4.4.1 WORDPRESS PLUGIN
A PLUGIN is a piece of software containing a group of functions that
can be added to a WordPress website. They can extend functionality or
39. add new features to your WordPress websites. WordPress plugins are
written in the PHP programming language and integrate seamlessly
with WordPress. In the WordPress community, there is a saying that
goes around: “there’s a plugin for that”. They makes it easy for users to
add features to their website without knowing a single line of code.
There are thousands available for free to download at the official
WordPress plugin directory. At WPBeginner, we write about all the best
WordPress plugins. We have even shared a list of all the plugins we use.
Aside from free plugins, there are tons of amazing commercial ones
available from third-party companies and developers
(Fig:-15 – Wordpress Plugin)
4.4.2 WORDPRESS THEME
A WordPress THEME is a collection of files that work together to produce a
graphical interface with an underlying unifying design for a weblog. These files
are called template files. A Theme modifies the way the site is displayed,
without modifying the underlying software. Themes may include customized
template files, image files (*.jpg, *.gif), style sheets (*.css), custom Pages, as
well as any necessary code files (*.php). For an introduction to template files,
see Stepping Into Templates.
Let's say you write a lot about cheese and gadgets. Through the use of
the WordPress Loop and template files, you can customize your Cheese
category posts to look different from your Gadgets category posts. With this
powerful control over what different pages and categories look like on your
site, you are limited only by your imagination. For information on how to use
different Themes for different categories or posts, see The Loop in
Action and Category Templates.
40. (Fig:-15 – Wordpress Plugin)
4.4.3 WORDPRESS PAGES
A page in WordPress usually refers to the page post type. It is one of the
default pre-defined WordPress post types.
WordPress started out as simple blogging tool which allowed users to write
posts. In the year 2005, Pages were introduced in WordPress version 1.5 to
allow users to create static pages that were not part of their blog posts. For
example, an about page, contact page, legal info, etc.
Some of the key differences between posts and pages are:
Posts are timely content part of a series of posts in a blog. Pages are static one-
off type of documents which are not tied to the blog’s reverse chronological
order of content
Pages can be hierarchical, which means a page can have sub pages, for example
a parent page titled “About us” can have a sub-page called “Our history”. On
the other hand posts are not hierarchical.
Pages can utilize custom page templates. Posts can not utilize this feature by
default in WordPress.
41. (Fig:-15 – Wordpress Pages)
4.4.2 WORDPRESS MENUS
A Primary Menu is the main menu selected as primary menu in the WordPress
Menu Editor. A WordPress theme may support single or multiple navigational
menus at different locations in theme. These menus can be edited using the
built in WordPress Menu Editor located at Appearance » Menu.
Most WordPress themes have menu locations that users can edit, filling each
menu with their own items. However, if a user does not edit the menus, most
themes list pages as the menu items by default. The purpose of a primary
menu is to allow Themes to use more than one menu on a site (e.g. one in the
header, one in the footer). It also allows users to save menus and switch
between the menus they have created.
4.4.2.1 ADDING MENUS
1. Locate the pane entitled Pages.
2. Within this pane, select the View All link to bring up a list of all the currently
published Pages on your site.
42. 3. Select the Pages that you want to add by clicking the checkbox next to each
Page's title.
4. Click the Add to Menu button located at the bottom of this pane to add
your selection(s) to the menu that you created in the previous step.
5. Click the Save Menu button once you've added all the menu items you want
4.4.2.1 MULTILEVEL MENUS
1. Position the mouse over the 'child' menu item.
2. Whilst holding the left mouse button, drag it to the right.
3. Release the mouse button.
4. Repeat these steps for each sub-menu item.
5. Click the Save Menu button in the Menu Editor to save your changes.
(Fig:-15 – Wordpress Menus)
4.4.3 WORDPRESS CUSTMIZATION
Wordpress customization can refer to lot of things
Theme customization : Creating Custom themes for your website,
themes provide the basic structure how your website design would
look like. You can customize existing themes or create your own by
43. coding HTML/CSS on wordpress. Theme Directory - Free WordPress
Themes
Widgets and menus : You can customize the sidebars (and other
special widget-ready areas) of your site. You can also use Menus to
create custom site navigation, drop-down menus etc.
Plugin Customization : Creating (coding) or customizing (re-coding an
existing plugin) plugin can be also done on wordpress. Customizing of
existing plugin is not recommended as the plugin will go back to
original code when its updated and can break the website features
when it happens. WordPress Plugins
(Fig:-15 – Wordpress Custmization)
4.4.3 WORDPRESS EDITOR
44. In WordPress the term Editor may refer to a pre-defined user role in the
WordPress user management system. Users with the editor role have the
capability to write, edit, publish, and delete posts. This includes posts written
by other users. They can also moderate, approve, and delete comments. Their
privileges extend beyond just adding and removing content. They can also
manage categories, tags, custom taxonomies, and even upload files. A user
with Editor privileges also has the ability to read private posts and pages.
Only the Administrator user role has more privileges than the Editor user role
in terms of capabilities. Limitations of this role are that it can not access
WordPress settings, themes, and plugins areas. In others words, they can
manage content and even delete it, but they cannot perform site
management tasks.
Since editors can delete posts, even those already published, it is highly
recommended that you only assign this role to a user you trust. Also keep in
mind that you can add or remove capabilities to user roles in WordPress. So, if
you are not sure about giving a user this much control on your site you can
tweak the user role to meet your needs.
(Fig:-15 – Wordpress Editor)
4.4.4 WORDPRESS PAGE BUILDER
45. Page Builder is an optional WordPress plugin that enables you to edit pages
(the area between the header and the footer) on your WordPress site via an
enhanced drag-and-drop editor. This gives you a simple way to use WordPress
to build a professional site.
Page Builder is installed by default if you use the Quick Start Wizard when first
setting up your WordPress website (Set up WordPress for the first time). In
addition, using the Quick Start Wizard also installs the following plugins
Beaver Builder Booster
Visual Composer
Contact Form 7
(Fig:-15 – Wordpress Editor)
4.4.4 WORDPRESS RESPONSIVE DESIGN
Responsive themes follow the responsive web design approach which aims to
create websites that offer optimal user experience across various devices and
screen resolutions including desktop computers, tablets such as iPad,
smartphones and other mobile devices. A responsive WordPress theme
smoothly adjusts its layout based on the screen size and resolution.
46. 4.4 PHP
PHP is a server side scripting language that is embedded in HTML. It is used to
manage dynamic content, databases, session tracking, even build entire
ecommerce sites.PHP is a recursive acronym for "PHP: Hypertext
Preprocessor".
It is integrated with a number of popular databases, including MySQL,
PostgreSQL,Oracle, Sybase, Informix, and Microsoft SQL Server. PHP is
forgiving: PHP language tries to be as forgiving as possible. PHP Syntax is C-.
(Fig:- Php Logo)
Specification of PHP:-
PHP can handle forms, i.e. gather data from files, save data to a file,
through email you can send data, return data to the user.
You can add, delete, modify elements within your database thru
PHP.
Access cookies variables and set cookies.
Using PHP, you can restrict users to access some pages of your
website
It can encrypt data
47. 4.4.1 CHARECTERSTICS OF PHP
Five important characteristics make PHP's practical nature possible:
Simplicity
Efficiency
Security
Flexibility
Familiarity
Example:
<html>
<head>
<body>
<?php echo “Hello World” ?>
</body>
</head>
</html>
4.4.2 PHP SESSION
A session creates a file in a temporary directory on the server where
registered session variables and their values are stored. The location of the
temporary file is determined by a setting in the php.ini file called
session.save_path. When a session is started, the following actions take
place:
PHP creates a unique identifier for that particular session which
is a random string of 32 hexadecimal numbers as
3c7foj34c3jj973hjkop2fc937e3443.
A cookie called PHPSESSID is automatically sent to the user's
computer to store unique session identification string.
48. A file is automatically created on the server in the designated
temporary directory and bears the name of the unique identifier
prefixed by sess_ ie sess_3c7foj34c3jj973hjkop2fc937e3443.
4.4.3 STARTING PHP SESSION
A PHP session is easily started by making a call to the session_start()
function. This function first checks if a session is already started and if none
is started, then it starts one. It is recommended to put the call to
session_start() at the beginning of the page.
Session variables are stored in associative array called $_SESSION[]. These
variables can be accessed during lifetime of a session
The following example starts a session and then registers a variable called
Counter that is incremented each time the page is visited during the
session..
Make use of isset() function to check if session variable is already set or not.
Example:- <?php
session_start();
if( isset( $_SESSION['counter'] ) )
{
$_SESSION['counter'] += 1;
Else
{
49. $_SESSION['counter'] = 1;
}
$msg = "You have visited this page ". $_SESSION['counter'];
$msg .= "in this session.";
<?php echo ($msg) ?> }
?>
4.4.4 DESTROYING PHP SESSION
A PHP session can be destroyed by session_destroy() function. This function
does not need any argument and a single call can destroy all the session
variables. If you want to destroy a single session variable, then you can use
unset() function to unset a session variable.
Example to unset a single variable:
<?php
Session_start();
Session_destroy();
?>
4.4.5 PHP COOKIES
Cookies are text files stored on the client computer and they are kept of use
tracking purpose. PHP transparently supports HTTP cookies.
There are three steps involved in identifying returning users:
Server script sends a set of cookies to the browser. For example,
name, age, or Identification number etc.
Browser stores this information on local machine for future use.
Next time, when the browser sends any request to the web server, it
sends those cookies information to the server and server uses that
information to identify the user.
50. (Fig: php cookies)
4.4.5 PHP IF ELSE STATEMENT
If you want to execute some code if a condition is true and another code if a
condition is false, use the if....else statement.
SYNTAX:-
If(Condition)
{
//Statement To Be Execute
}
Else
{
//Statement To Be Execute
}
Example:-
The following example will output "Have a nice weekend!" if the current day
is Friday, Otherwise, it will output "Have a nice day!":
<?php
$d=date();
If($d==”Friday”){
Echo “ Have A NiceWeekend";
}
Else{
Echo “Good Day”;
}
?>
51. 4.4.6 PHP WHILE LOOPS
The while statement will execute a block of code if and as long as a test
expression is true.
If the test expression is true then the code block will be executed. After the
code has executed the test expression will again be evaluated and the loop
will continue until the test expression is found to be false.
SYNTAX:-
While(Condition)
{
//Statement To Be Execute
}
Example:-
This example decrements a variable value on each iteration of
the loop and the counter increments until it reaches 10 when
the evaluation is false and the loop ends.
<?php
$i=0;
$n=50;
While($i>10){
$n--;
$i++;
}
?>
52. (Fig:- While Loop)
4.4.7 PHP ARRAY
An array is a data structure that stores one or more similar type of values in a
single value. For example if you want to store 100 numbers then instead of
defining 100 variables its easy to define an array of 100 length.
There are three different kind of arrays and each array value is accessed using
an ID c which is called array index.
Numeric array − An array with a numeric index. Values are stored and
accessed in linear fashion.
Associative array − An array with strings as index. This stores element values
in association with key values rather than in a strict linear index order.
Multidimensional array − An array containing one or more arrays and values
are accessed using multiple indices
Example:-
53. Following is the example showing how to create and access numeric
arrays.
Here we have used array() function to create array. This function is
explained in function reference.
<?php
$numbers= array(1,2,3);
Foreeach($numbers as $num){
Echo “value is $num”;
}
?>
4.4.5 PHP CMS
CMS means Content Management System. Usually a CMS is developed to
facilitate the owner of the site with the ability to make small changes in the
Site. The changes can be a text, image or adding a new page.
For example you have a Simple Website which consists data of your company
and it is built by a Developer and you are no Developer.
Scenario 1: If the site is not built as CMS but built in Core PHP . Than suppose
you want to change a small text than you have to contact the developer. If
you want to change image again contact the developer and any damn small
thing you want "Contact the developer". This actually is a waste of time and
money for the Owner.
Scenario 2: If the site is built as a CMS in Core PHP. Then you will be having
an admin panel where in you can Change the text, Add/Edit images ,
Add/Edit pages etc and you don't have to "Contact the developer".
Example:-
Here I Make A Small Cms Using Php . I Hope You Like It
55. 4.5 JQUERY
4.5.1 JQUERY SELECTOR
jQuery selectors allow you to select and manipulate HTML element(s).
jQuery selectors are used to "find" (or select) HTML elements based on their
name, id, classes, types, attributes, values of attributes and much more. It's
based on the existing CSS Selectors, and in addition, it has some own custom
selectors.
All selectors in jQuery start with the dollar sign and parentheses: $().
The element Selector:-
The jQuery element selector selects elements based on the element name.
You can select all <p> elements on a page like this:
Example:-
$(document).ready(function(){
$("button").click(function(){
$("p").hide();
});
});
The #id Selector:-
The jQuery #id selector uses the id attribute of an HTML tag to find the
specific element.
An id should be unique within a page, so you should use the #id selector when
you want to find a single, unique element.
To find an element with a specific id, write a hash character, followed by the
id of the HTML element:
Example:-
$(document).ready(function(){
$("button").click(function(){
$("#test").hide();
});
});
56. The .class Selector
The jQuery .class selector finds elements with a specific class.
To find elements with a specific class, write a period character, followed by
the name of the class:
Example:-
$(document).ready(function(){
$("button").click(function(){
$(".test").hide();
});
});
4.5.2 JQUERY EVENTS
All the different visitors' actions that a web page can respond to are called
events.
An event represents the precise moment when something happens.
Examples:
moving a mouse over an element
selecting a radio button
clicking on an element
The term "fires/fired" is often used with events. Example: "The keypress
event is fired, the moment you press a key".
Here are some common DOM events:
Mouse Events Keyboard Events Form Events
Document/Window
Events
click Keypress Submit load
Dblclick KeyDown Change resize
MouseEnter KeyUp Focus scroll
MouseHover Blur unload
57. 4.5.3 JQUERY METHODS
$(document).ready():-
The $(document).ready() method allows us to execute a function when the
document is fully loaded.
click():-
The click() method attaches an event handler function to an HTML element.
The function is executed when the user clicks on the HTML element.
The following example says: When a click event fires on a <p> element; hide
the current <p> element:
Example:-
$("p").click(function(){
$(this).hide();
});
hover():-
The hover() method takes two functions and is a combination of
the mouseenter() and mouseleave() methods.
The first function is executed when the mouse enters the HTML element,
and the second function is executed when the mouse leaves the HTML
element:
Example:-
$("#p1").hover(function(){
alert("You entered p1!");
},
function(){
alert("Bye! You now leave p1!");
});
on():-
The on() method attaches one or more event handlers for the selected
elements.
Attach a click event to a <p> element:
58. Example:-
$("p").on("click", function(){
$(this).hide();
});
4.5.4 JQUERY TRAVERSING
jQuery traversing, which means "move through", are used to "find" (or select)
HTML elements based on their relation to other elements. Start with one
selection and move through that selection until you reach the elements you
desire.
The image below illustrates an HTML page as a tree (DOM tree). With jQuery
traversing, you can easily move up (ancestors), down (descendants) and
sideways (siblings) in the tree, starting from the selected (current) element. This
movement is called traversing - or moving through - the DOM tree.
(Fig:-Jquey Traversing)
Illustration explained:
The <div> element is the parent of <ul>, and an ancestor of everything inside of
it
The <ul> element is the parent of both <li> elements, and a child of <div>
The left <li> element is the parent of <span>, child of <ul> and a descendant of
<div>
The <span> element is a child of the left <li> and a descendant of <ul> and
<div>
The two <li> elements are siblings (they share the same parent)
The right <li> element is the parent of <b>, child of <ul> and a descendant of
<div>
The <b> element is a child of the right <li> and a descendant of <ul> and <div>
59. 4.5.5 JQUERY AJAX
AJAX is the art of exchanging data with a server, and updating parts of a web
page - without reloading the whole page.
AJAX = Asynchronous JavaScript and XML.
In short; AJAX is about loading data in the background and display it on the
webpage, without reloading the whole page.
Examples of applications using AJAX: Gmail, Google Maps, Youtube, and Facebook
tabs.
The jQuery load() method is a simple, but powerful AJAX method.
The load() method loads data from a server and puts the returned data into the
selected element.
Syntax:-
$(selector).load(URL,data,callback);
Example:-
$(document).ready(function(){
$("button").click(function(){
$("#div1").load("demo_test.txt");
});
});
60. 4.5.6 JQUERY FORM VALIDATION
jQuery Form Validator is a feature rich and multilingual jQuery plugin that
makes it easy to validate user input while keeping your HTML markup clean
from javascript code. Even though this plugin has a wide network traffic as
possible. This is achieved by grouping together validation functions in
"modules", making it possible to load only those functions that's needed to
validate a particular form.
Example:-
$(document).ready(function(){
$('#sub_cont').click(function(){
var email = $('.form-input1').val();
if (email == "") {
$('#frm_text').html('This field Is Required**');
$('#frm_text').css('color','red');
return false;
}
var name = $('#form_in').val();
if(name == ""){
$('#frm_fname').html('This Field Is Required**')
$('#frm_fname').css('color','red');
return false;
}
var fname = $('.form-control1').val();
61. if( fname==""){
$('#frm_email').html('This Field Is Required**')
$('#frm_email').css('color','red');
return false;
}
var phone=$('#form_con').val();
if (phone=="") {
$('#frm_phone').html('This field Is Required');
$('#frm_phone').css('color','red')
}
});
});
64. if ($conn->query($sql) ===TRUE) {
echo "New record created successfully";
} else {
echo "Error: " . $sql. "<br>" . $conn->error;
}
?>
4.6.3 SELECT RECORDS FROM DATABASE
<?php
$servername= "localhost";
$username= "username";
$password ="password";
$dbname= "myDB";
// Create connection
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password,
$dbname);
// Check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}
$sql= "SELECTid, firstname, lastname FROMMyGuests";
$result= $conn->query($sql);
if ($result->num_rows >0) {
// output data of each row
while($row =$result->fetch_assoc()) {
echo "id: " . $row["id"]. " - Name: " . $row["firstname"]. "
" . $row["lastname"]. "<br>";
}
} else {
echo "0 results";
}
$conn->close();
?>
65. 4.6.4 UPDATE RECORDS FROM DATABASE
<?php
$servername= "localhost";
$username= "username";
$password ="password";
$dbname= "myDB";
// Create connection
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password,
$dbname);
// Check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}
$sql= "UPDATEMyGuests SETlastname='Doe' WHERE id=2";
if ($conn->query($sql) ===TRUE) {
echo "Record updated successfully";
} else {
echo "Error updating record: " . $conn->error;
}
$conn->close();
?>
4.6.5 DELETE RECORDS FROM DATABASE
<?php
$servername= "localhost";
$username= "username";
$password ="password";
$dbname= "myDB";
// Create connection
$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password,
$dbname);
// Check connection
if ($conn->connect_error) {
die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
66. }
// sqlto delete a record
$sql= "DELETEFROMMyGuests WHERE id=3";
if ($conn->query($sql) ===TRUE) {
echo "Record deleted successfully";
} else {
echo "Error deleting record: " . $conn->error;
}
$conn->close();
?>
4.6.6 ADMIN PANEL USING PHP AND MYSQL
67. CHAPTER-05
All Students should Fully Prepare them Self for Industrial Training in 5th
Semester itself so that they can Actively Participate in Training and also
can Improve their Practical Skills.
Before Proceeding to Industrial Program Student should select their area
of Interest. And After their Selection Area of Interest the Industry of their
Choice for Training to get 100% Training Benefit.
When the Training Program of the Students is in Progress they should get
Acquainted with all the Latest Technologies which is going on there in the
Industry that will be better for their Bright Career.
In Industry Student has to Work in a Professional Environment, therefore
they should follow Professional Ethics.
Student should not only Focus on Technical Knowledge, but also should
Focus on Personality Development during Industrial Training.
During Training Period Student should do all those work which is
Beneficial for Industry because it Create a Path of Benefit for him and his
Juniors.
It is a Submission to all the Students always be connected to their
Teachers, a Word of a Teachers can Change their Life
Weather on Job or Perusing Higher Studies the Student should be in
Contact with their Teachers and Institution so that they can Work as a
Bridge between Intuition and Industries for the Benefit of Incoming
Student and Institution itself.
68. CHAPTER-06
After completion of the training the students will be ready to face the
challenges of the working Industry and Enhanced Competencies &
Competitiveness in student’s respective area of specialization. The author
has worked on Web Designing & Development field under the arena of
Computer Science & Engineering. The major works were Website Designing
& Development based on HTML, CSS, PHP, JavaScript.
These types of Training Program Improves the Efficiency of working in a
group as a Team and also improves Leadership quality among the Trainees.
Here, author gained the Experience & Knowledge that can be used for
Suitable Jobs without delay after Completion of Study.With Experience,
Knowledge & Skills acquired during this Industrial Training author will be
better prepared for facing Professional Working World.
