Report on RAWE and Agro-industrial attachment 2022Deependra Gupta
Rural Agricultural Work Experience Program (RAWE) is organized every year for the under graduate students of B. Sc. (Hons.) Agriculture, final year VIIth semester. RAWE helps the students primarily in understanding the rural situations, status of agricultural technologies adopted by farmers, prioritize the farmer’s problems and to develop skills and attitude of working with farm families for overall development in rural area.
Report on Rural Agricultural Work Experience.
7 th semester work in Institute of Agricultural Work Experience.
A semester whole work in village condition & attachment with farmers.
Irrigated Village & Raifed Village near to Bhubaneswar
Report on RAWE and Agro-industrial attachment 2022Deependra Gupta
Rural Agricultural Work Experience Program (RAWE) is organized every year for the under graduate students of B. Sc. (Hons.) Agriculture, final year VIIth semester. RAWE helps the students primarily in understanding the rural situations, status of agricultural technologies adopted by farmers, prioritize the farmer’s problems and to develop skills and attitude of working with farm families for overall development in rural area.
Report on Rural Agricultural Work Experience.
7 th semester work in Institute of Agricultural Work Experience.
A semester whole work in village condition & attachment with farmers.
Irrigated Village & Raifed Village near to Bhubaneswar
Micropropagation is a proven means of producing millions of identical plants under a controlled and aseptic condition, independent of seasonal constraints. It not only provides economy of time and space but also gives greater output and allows further augmentation of elite disease free propagules.India is homeland of many important fruit crops such as Indian gooseberry (Emblica officinalis Gaertn), bael (Aegle marmelos Corr.), Guava (, Psidium guajava), jamun or black plum (Syzygium cuminii L. Skeels.), Mango (Mangifera indica) and Papaya (Carica papaya).
This is the Review Presentation that was made subsequent to the successful completion of 28 days of Village Attachment @ Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Seoni by our batch of 4th year B.Sc Forestry Students from the Department of Forestry, JNKVV, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh (India) as part of our Forestry Work Experience Programme.
P.S. (The Report as it might seem, maybe having mistakes and blunders at places more than one, but all the same, consider it as the true reflection of the efforts we students put in during the said period. Please be kind enough to take time out to go through the Presentation and pass on the feedback, so that next time around we might improve...)
Production technology of onion and garlicRakesh Rajput
Production technology of bulb crop.
Production technology of Onion and garlic.
Cool season vegetables.
Cultivation of onion and garlic.
Diseases of onion and garlic
Production technology of onion ppt
RAWE REPORT AND INDUSTRIAL VISIT BY ANUP (RAWE-INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIE...AnupSahoo8
Here is two type of documents.First one is for industrial visit programs in the year 2019 RAWE. And the second one is for village report or RAWE report on my group village Andharua,Bhubaneswar.At the end thank you so much my group mates for your co-operations .GROUP-13(ANDHARUA)
Micropropagation is a proven means of producing millions of identical plants under a controlled and aseptic condition, independent of seasonal constraints. It not only provides economy of time and space but also gives greater output and allows further augmentation of elite disease free propagules.India is homeland of many important fruit crops such as Indian gooseberry (Emblica officinalis Gaertn), bael (Aegle marmelos Corr.), Guava (, Psidium guajava), jamun or black plum (Syzygium cuminii L. Skeels.), Mango (Mangifera indica) and Papaya (Carica papaya).
This is the Review Presentation that was made subsequent to the successful completion of 28 days of Village Attachment @ Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Seoni by our batch of 4th year B.Sc Forestry Students from the Department of Forestry, JNKVV, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh (India) as part of our Forestry Work Experience Programme.
P.S. (The Report as it might seem, maybe having mistakes and blunders at places more than one, but all the same, consider it as the true reflection of the efforts we students put in during the said period. Please be kind enough to take time out to go through the Presentation and pass on the feedback, so that next time around we might improve...)
Production technology of onion and garlicRakesh Rajput
Production technology of bulb crop.
Production technology of Onion and garlic.
Cool season vegetables.
Cultivation of onion and garlic.
Diseases of onion and garlic
Production technology of onion ppt
RAWE REPORT AND INDUSTRIAL VISIT BY ANUP (RAWE-INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIE...AnupSahoo8
Here is two type of documents.First one is for industrial visit programs in the year 2019 RAWE. And the second one is for village report or RAWE report on my group village Andharua,Bhubaneswar.At the end thank you so much my group mates for your co-operations .GROUP-13(ANDHARUA)
In India, a marginal farmer and small manufacturing units produce Fifty percent of mushroom and the remaining mushroom produce by industrial institutions.
There are two chief forms of mushroom growers in India, seasonal farmers and commercial mushroom framer who take production continue entire year.
Mostly both develop white button mushroom to your domestic market and export.
The seasonal button mushroom growers are restricted to temperate regions like Himachal Pradesh, Jammu, and Kashmir, hilly areas of Uttar Pradesh, hilly areas in Tamil Nadu and North Eastern areas where farmers take 2-3 plants of button mushrooms at a year
To commercial mushroom farming, required heavy expenditure on the building infrastructure, purchase of machinery and equipment, raw materials, labor, and energy.
BENISON Media is the publisher of Think Grain Think Feed – the magazine for feed technology. It covers the complete value chain of feed industry, starting from feed crop production to feed additives and premixes, till processing and storage technology for poultry, dairy and aqua sector.
May 2016 - Think Grain Think Feed
Rural Agricultural WE AHDS Presentation.pptdagek73759
RAWE stands for Rural Agricultural Work Experience, which is a program aimed at providing quality, practical, and production-oriented education for agriculture degrees. The program is designed to prepare agricultural graduates for better careers in agriculture and agribusiness, as well as equip them with the skills and knowledge to face the challenges of the agricultural sector.
The objectives of RAWE include:
Understanding rural life and the socio-economic situation of villagesFamiliarity with the challenges and opportunities faced by farmersOpportunity for practical training and hands-on experienceDevelopment of communication skills in transfer
Through RAWE, students gain a deeper understanding of the rural situations, status of agricultural technologies adopted by farmers, and prioritize the farmer’s problems. This program helps students develop skills and attitudes necessary for working with farm families and contributing to the overall development of rural areas.
Commercial mushroom production in India began in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The formal initiation of commercial mushroom cultivation can be attributed to the efforts of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), particularly through the Directorate of Mushroom Research (DMR) in Solan, Himachal Pradesh. The DMR played a crucial role in introducing and popularizing mushroom cultivation techniques among farmers and entrepreneurs.
One of the key milestones in the commercialization of mushroom production in India was the establishment of the National Mushroom Development and Extension Center (NMDEC) in Solan in 1983. NMDEC played a significant role in promoting mushroom cultivation as a viable agribusiness venture through research, training, and extension activities.
Since then, commercial mushroom cultivation has witnessed significant growth in India, with the emergence of numerous private enterprises, government initiatives, and research institutions dedicated to promoting and supporting the mushroom industry.
Preservation of Organic Integrity
Protection of Environmental and Human Health
Sustainable Production
Title: Present Status of Mushroom Production in India
Slide 1: Introduction
- Brief overview of mushroom production in India
- Importance of the mushroom industry in agriculture and economy
Slide 2: Current Production Statistics
- Total mushroom production in India
- Recent trends and changes in production figures
- Graphs/charts depicting production trends over time
Slide 3: Regional Distribution
- Distribution of mushroom cultivation across different states in India
- Major regions contributing to mushroom production
- Comparison of production levels between regions
Slide 4: Varieties Cultivated
- Overview of the different mushroom varieties cultivated in India
- Popular varieties and their contribution to total production
- Emerging trends in the cultivation of exotic mushroom varieties
Slide 5: Industry Challenges
- Key challenges faced by the mushro
Project proposal for mushroom unit (blossom) in tura, meghalayaAjit Majumder
OBJECTIVE
1. To produce 120 beds of paddy straw mushroom with a production of 120 kg/ month during summer and rainy season and 225 bags of oyster mushroom producing 450 kg in winter season @ 2 kg/ bag.
2. To earn profit at low cost of maintenance.
Similar to Industrial Attachment Report- Visit to Entrepreneurs (20)
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
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June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
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Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
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Industrial Attachment Report- Visit to Entrepreneurs
1. Industrial Attachment Report
(2020-21)
1 | P a g e
Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Siksha ‘O’ Anusandshan)
POULTRY FARM VISIT
Profile of Entrepreneur
Name: Priyabrata Jena
Age: 45
Eduation: M.Tech Engineering
Location: Brahampur, Post office- Khetrapara, Dist-Jajpur
Introduction about Farm
Establish year of the farm: 2017
Total farm area: 1.5 acre
Total bird strength: 8000
Number of farm building: 2 (each building strength 4000 birds)
Total investment: 30 lakhs (till now for farm purpose)
Different Activities of Poultry Farm:
Houses preparation:
Before arriving every batch feeder,
waterer, fan, door, windows, net should
washed following way 1st
detergent then
washing soda then disinfectant it should
be done by potassium permanganate and
2. Industrial Attachment Report
(2020-21)
2 | P a g e
Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Siksha ‘O’ Anusandshan)
formalin.
Brooding management:
For 1000 chicks it should be 24 ft long and
12 ft width. Chicks place 7 days in brooding
chamber and during this time temperature
maintain by electric bulb.
Floor space:
First 2 week 0.5 sq. ft/chick should provide
and after 3 week in summer season 1.3 sq. ft
and winter 1 sq. ft place should be provided.
Preparation for chick arrival:
Litter material should be spread evenly to a depth 7.5 to 10 cm
and then leveled properly.
The necessary equipment must
be assembled in appropriate
configuration feeder 30 inch
long for 50 chicks and waterer
2 litre capacity for 50 chicks.
Equipment in the house should
be arranged to allow chicks to
maintain body temperature without dehydration and to find
feed and water easily.
3. Industrial Attachment Report
(2020-21)
3 | P a g e
Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Siksha ‘O’ Anusandshan)
After arrival:
For removing transportation stress 1st
provide lukewarm water for 2
to 3 hours, then provide following
solution –
Glucose-50 gm / L
Multivitamin -1gm /4L
Electrolytes-1 gm/2 L
It provides instant energy and restores normal body function.
Feeder management:
Feeder should keep neat and clean.
Treating with appropriate no of feeder
on basis of population.
No of feeder 1 day: as libido, 2 to 12
days: 50 no for 1000 birds, 13 days to
marketing: 25 to 30 no for 1000 bird.
Feed:
3 types of feed mainly provided.
Startar-1-7 days
Developer-8 -18 days
Finisher-19 -42 days
4. Industrial Attachment Report
(2020-21)
4 | P a g e
Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Siksha ‘O’ Anusandshan)
Waterer:
Provide 24 hours pure water at daily
basis. Per day 4000 L water is required.
Sometimes medicines are applied mixing
with the water.
Litter management:
In summer season litter should be 2-3 inches and for winter season
4-5 inch depth. Daily spray with disinfectant. Moisture level should
be kept in minimum level.
Vaccination:
Age (In days) Vaccine Application
5-6 ND, ND+IB Eye
10-12 IBD Eye/ Water
16-18 IBD Water
22-23 ND Lassota strain Water
5. Industrial Attachment Report
(2020-21)
5 | P a g e
Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Siksha ‘O’ Anusandshan)
Financial statement:
Number of batch par year: 6
Each batch strength: 8000
Rate of chicks: Rs 40/-
Cost per bird(day 1 to marketing): Rs 36/-
Time require for 1 batch(45days+15days preparation for next
batch)= 60 days
Total investment: 30 lakhs
Production cost per annum:
Season Strength
in number
Total cost
for chicks
(Rs 40/
chicks)
production
cost day 1
to
marketing
(Rs 36/
Bird)
Total cost of
production
(Chicks
price
+
Production
cost)
Winter (Oct,
Nov,
Dec, Jan)
8000+8000=
16000
16000x40=
640000
16000x36=
576000
640000+
576000=
1216000
Summer (Feb,
Mar,
Apr, May)
8000+8000=
16000
16000x40=
640000
16000x36=
576000
640000+
576000=
1216000
Rainy (Jun,
Jul, Aug, Sep)
8000+8000=
16000
16000x40=
640000
16000x36=
576000
640000+
576000=
1216000
Total- 3648000
Labour cost:
2 labours are required 365 days and labour cost Rs. 350/day
So labour cost (2 x 365 x 350) =Rs. 255500/-
6. Industrial Attachment Report
(2020-21)
6 | P a g e
Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Siksha ‘O’ Anusandshan)
Depression cost:
10% of total investment.
So depression cost is Rs. 300000
Cost of cultivation:
(3648000+255500+300000)= Rs. 4203500
Total selling price per annum:
Season Strength
in
Number
Market
Price
Body Weight in Kg
During Marketing
Total
Selling
Price
Winter (Oct,
Nov, Dec, Jan)
16000 Rs. 80/ kg 16000x2.7kg/bird
= 43200kg
3456000
Summer (Feb,
Mar, Apr, May)
16000 Rs. 110/ kg 16000x1.8kg/bird
= 28800kg
3168000
Rainy (Jun, Jul,
Aug, Sep)
16000 Rs. 80 /kg 16000x1.8 kg /bird
= 28800kg
2304000
Total Selling Spice 8928000
Mortality loss 200/batch
Total 6 batch so total mortality loss
Winter season 2 batch = (400x2.7x80rs)= Rs 83400/-
Summer season 2 batch = (400x1.8x110rs)= Rs 79200/-
Rainy season 2 batch = (400 x 1.8 x 110)= Rs 79200/-
Total mortality loss =(83400+79200+79200)= Rs 241800/-
Final selling price-(8928000-241800) = Rs 8686200/-
B: C ratio = (8928000/4203500) = 2.1
7. Industrial Attachment Report
(2020-21)
7 | P a g e
Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Siksha ‘O’ Anusandshan)
Swot analysis:
Strength
Skilled laborer.
Year around water availability.
Good working capital.
Suitable climate.
Weakness
Farms not fully mechanized.
Depend on manual labor.
High input price.
Threat
If any viral disease (like Bird flu) occur in the farm its cause total
loss of production.
Opportunity
Making fully automatic air conditioned poultry; it reduces
mortality loss during summer season and produces more bird in
same area of land.
Conclusion & Remarks
In overall view poultry farm is undoubtedly a good business and
Mr. Jena managing this business in a good manner. He has a
plan to organize the farm in fully mechanized way to reduce
labour involvement and manage the temperature and relative
humidity properly to increase the quality and quantity of
produce.
9. Industrial Attachment Report
(2020-21)
9 | P a g e
Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Siksha ‘O’ Anusandshan)
MUSHROOM FARM VISIT
Profile of Entrepreneur
Name: Pabitra Kumar Jena
Age: 37
Education: Diploma in Civil Engineering
Location of the farm: Badaghumri, GP- Badaghumuri, Block-
Badchana, Dist- Jajpur
Establishment: In year 2020
Farm area: 1 acre
Introduction
Mushrooms are a type of fungi, which are consumed as food.
Mushrooms are believed to have high protein content and
sometimes are known as ‘vegetable meat’. They have very low levels
of carbohydrate and fat. Mushrooms also contain polysaccharides,
vitamins, and minerals comparable to other fruits and vegetables.
Commonly cultivated mushroom species are-
i) Paddy straw mushroom (at 30o
-36o
C)
V. volvacea ; V. diplesia
ii) Oyster mushroom (at 20o
-30o
C), during cold climate
Pleurotus citrinopileatus ; Pleurotus sajoraju
10. Industrial Attachment Report
(2020-21)
10 | P a g e
Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Siksha ‘O’ Anusandshan)
iii) European mushroom or Button mushroom (14o
-15o
C), this is not
cultivated in Jajpur district’s weather condition.
Type of Mushroom: Oyster mushroom
Favorable Weather condition: Cool, damp, dark, humid and shady
area.
Temperature: 15-25°C
Humidity: 15-25%
Market:
Mr. Jena sells and delivers his mushroom to various places as
per the order.
Generally, he sells dry mushroom to a private organization.
He also involved in home delivery of raw mushroom.
Materials Required:
SL
NO.
Materials Amount
1. Proper place (cool, dark, damp, humid
atmosphere)
1
2. Shed 1
3. Spawn
4. Paddy straw
5. Medicine (Bavistin powder/ Paraxin
500, Bleeching powder, Blue Vitriol
(CuSO4,5H2O)
As per need.
6. Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH)2
7. Water Pump 1
8. Plus, Hammer, Sieve mesh, Rope As per need.
11. Industrial Attachment Report
(2020-21)
11 | P a g e
Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Siksha ‘O’ Anusandshan)
Farm Activities
1. At first straw is cut into small chaffs with the help of rice straw
chaff cutter.
2. Then water soaking of chaff is done by normal water soaking
method or hot process.
3. In water soaking method the chaffs are soaked in water tank in
which Calcium hydroxide is mixed. For 50 kg straw, 2 kg calcium
hydroxide is required.
4. In hot process the straw chaff is left in a hot steam chamber for
2 hours. It is done in rainy days when relative humidity of the
air is more.
12. Industrial Attachment Report
(2020-21)
12 | P a g e
Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Siksha ‘O’ Anusandshan)
5. After soaking the chaff in normal soaking method, the chaff is
dried in hot sun for 3-4 hours and turning over of the chaff is
done so that the chaff dry properly. But in case of hot steam
method 1 hours of drying is sufficient.
6. After proper drying the polythene bag of size 24” × 16” is filled
with the dried chaff. The weight of the bag should be 3-3.5 kg.
The bag is filled in such a way so that 3 layers of seed is present
in equal distance. 2 packets of seed is required for 3 bag.
13. Industrial Attachment Report
(2020-21)
13 | P a g e
Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Siksha ‘O’ Anusandshan)
7. After filling the bag the some hole is made in the polythene bag
around the seed layer and it is kept in dark room for 15 days for
better germination of the seed.
8. After germination the bags are placed in a hanging place in
appropriate moisture and darkness condition, so that more
number of bags is placed in a small place.
9. After that proper moistening is done
with the help of a sprayer so that the
mushroom grows properly. The day
before harvest moistening is avoided.
14. Industrial Attachment Report
(2020-21)
14 | P a g e
Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Siksha ‘O’ Anusandshan)
10. After that when the mushroom reaches
is maturity, it is harvested by rubbing it
clock wisely manner. The right shape
for picking can be judged by the shape
and size of the fruit body. The fruit
bodies should be harvested before
spore release, by twisting so that the
stubs are not left on the beds (straw). It
is advisable to pick all the mushrooms at
one time from a cube and the next flush will appear at one
time.
11. Thereafter mushrooms are dried for
avoiding spoilage in a short duration and to
increase its longevity for high distance
transportation.
Financial Statement
Total Investment = 5, 00, 000/-
Cost of production for one bag:
Element Cost
Polythene bag 2/-
Paddy Straw (Including
transportation) [3.5 kg/ bed]
6 × 3= 18/-
Ca(OH)2
2/-
Spawn [200gm / bed] 25/-
Labour 15/-
Other expenditure 5/-
Total 67/-
Dry Mushroom
15. Industrial Attachment Report
(2020-21)
15 | P a g e
Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Siksha ‘O’ Anusandshan)
Gross return from one bag:
After drying, 10 kg of wet mushroom is converted to 1 kg
of dry mushroom.
Selling price of wet mushroom = Rs 120-150 / kg
Selling price of dry mushroom = Rs 800/ kg
From 1 bag, 2.5 kg of wet mushroom is produced. From
there 0.25 kg dry mushroom is produced.
Gross return from 1 bag = (0.25 × 800) = 200/-
Net return from one bag = (200-67) = 133/-
To get continuous return he usually adds 25 bags daily to the
production unit.
So daily income from the mushroom unit = (133 × 25) = Rs
3325/-
For 1500 beds:
Expenditure Production Income Net
Profit
B: C
Ratio
100500 3750 kg
(Wet)
375 kg
(Dry)
300000 199500 2.98
SWOT Analysis
Strength:
Initial investment is high but later on it’s very cheap to
cultivate mushroom. For one bed around ₹ 60-70 is
needed (including labour cost).
It takes less time (60days) to complete one life cycle.
16. Industrial Attachment Report
(2020-21)
16 | P a g e
Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Siksha ‘O’ Anusandshan)
It yields a lot amount from 1 bed.
It has a huge demand in local market.
Weakness:
Initial cost is high.
It is a perishable product. There is a huge chance of waste
of mushroom if yield is high.
Lack of awareness, hygenity can affect badly to its
production.
Daily checking and maintenance is mandatory.
Opportunity:
By using modern technology and harvesting technique he
can improve yield of mushroom.
In his shed, he is expecting to grow more bed.
Threat:
Adverse weather condition, Scorching heat during
summer days badly affects the yield of mushroom.
Bacterial attack, insect-pest attack can reduce the
mushroom production.
Conclusion & Remarks
In overall view mushroom production is undoubtedly a good
business and Mr. Jena managing this business in a good manner. He
has a plan to organize the farm in fully mechanized way to reduce
labour involvement and manage the temperature and relative
humidity properly to increase the quality and quantity of produce.
18. Industrial Attachment Report
(2020-21)
18 | P a g e
Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Siksha ‘O’ Anusandshan)
Vermi-compost Unit Visit
Profile:
Name: Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Jajpur.
Address: Badachana, Odisha-754081
Established: During the year 2002.
The center is working as district level resource.
Introduction:
Vermicomposting is a mesophilic process utilizing microorganisms
and earthworms. Earthworms feeds the organic waste materials and
passes it through their digestive system and gives out in a granular
form (cocoons) which is known as vermicompost, which have high
market value and it is a very profitable business.
Activities:
Selection of site:
The site selected for the pit should be easily approachable for
inspection.
Pit should be at a comparatively higher level so that neither
rain water gets into nor the water table rises and causes water
stagnation in the pit during monsoon.
It should be near the cattle shed and the source of water
supply.
Compost pit should be located at a distance from the road or
else compost containing toxic metal lead contaminates even
food grain, affecting health of animals & human beings.
19. Industrial Attachment Report
(2020-21)
19 | P a g e
Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Siksha ‘O’ Anusandshan)
Construction of Tanks:
With the help of bricks cemented tanks are constructed on the
soil surface. Size of the tank should be 2m x1mx0.6m with 9”
inch thick brick wall.
For circulation of air, proper holes of 7” inches (preferably) are
left on all the four sides of the tank wall.
Plastering of inner-outer wall & floor of the tank should be
done by dung and mud mixture.
Materials required:
Farm residues, refuses like weeds, grasses, leaves, sugarcane
trash, stubbles and all kind of wastes, stalks, roots, stems,
pruning, stalk of green manuring crops.
Cattle dung, Water.
Wastes from Agro-Industries, Bio-degradable portion of urban
and rural wastes.
Method of filling the tank:
Before filling the tank, slurry made of cow dung and water
should be sprinkled on the floor and the wall.
1st
layer- 2 inch high break pieces layer is spread over the
bottom portion of the tank.
2nd
layer-2 inch high sand layer spread over the break layer.
3rd layer- 6 to 8 inch high Bio-degradable waste layer spread
over the sand layer.
4th
layer-2 days old raw cow dung spread over the waste
layer and after that thick cow dung slurry sprinkle over the
cow dung.
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Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Siksha ‘O’ Anusandshan)
Then the 2nd
and 3rd
steps repeated 4 to 5 time until the tank
is full.
Then after 15 days when then relies of ammonia gas is stop
then add earth worm and spraying water some days interval
to maintain optimum moisture level.
Maturity:
After feeding earthworm excrete on the top. After maturity its take
dark red colour and tea like dusty powdery shape.
Harvesting:
Water supply stop 2 -3 days before harvest and after collecting
the vermicompost keep on the heap and daily harvest 5-6 inch
on the heap until the earthworm seen on the bottom.
Then collected compost keep into shade and the small
earthworm remove by the help of sieve.
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21 | P a g e
Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Siksha ‘O’ Anusandshan)
Packaging:
Put the vermicompost into small pack for marketing and for long-
term collection put it into heap and cover by a gunny bag and
sprinkle cow urine 20 days interval.
Process of quality increase:
Addition of 1kg Azotobacter, 1 kg Azosperillum and 1 kg PSB in 25 kg
of vermicompost for enhance the quality of vermicompost.
Efficient Earthworm Species:
Eisenia foetida
Amyanthes differigens
Eudrillus eugineae
Nutrient content of Vermicompost:
Nitrogen : 1.5 - 2.5%
Phosphorus : 0.9 - 1.7%
Potash : 1.5 - 2.4%
Calcium : 0.5 - 1.0%
Magnesium : 0.2 - 0.3%
Sulphur : 0.4 - 0.5%
22. Industrial Attachment Report
(2020-21)
22 | P a g e
Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Siksha ‘O’ Anusandshan)
Financial statement:
Preparation of vermicompost by tank method (For 1 year)
[Plot size: (2m × 1m × 0.6m)]
Cost:
List Cost (Rs)
Preparation of Tank 1500
Cover of tank 500
Organic matter 500
Earthworm- 1 kg 500
other 100
TOTAL 3100
Return:
List Price(Rs)
Vermicompost- 500 kg/year
(50 kg per m2
of tank, 5 times in
a year)
[@ Rs 8/ kg]
4000
Earth worm- 4kg.
[@ Rs 500/kg]
2000
Total 6000
Profit:
Total cost for 8 tank- (3100 x 8) = Rs 24800/-
Total return from 8 tank- (6000 x 8) = Rs 48000/-
B: C Ratio = (48000/ 24800) =1.9
23. Industrial Attachment Report
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Institute of Agricultural Sciences (Siksha ‘O’ Anusandshan)
SWOT Analysis:
Strength
High market demand.
High market value.
Full organic.
Good for crop health.
Weakness
Collection of raw material is difficult.
Lack of awareness to the farmer for varmicompost use.
Good quality compost takes time for preparation.
Opportunity
In future there will be a chance for high market demand of
vermicompost.
Threat
If the moisture quality is not adequate, mortality of earthworm
increases.