The document discusses modeling and simulation of self-excited induction generators (SEIGs). It begins with an introduction to induction generators and their classification. It then covers modeling and simulation of induction machines, modeling of SEIGs without inverters, and modeling of SEIGs with inverters. Simulation results are presented for the voltage and current waveforms generated with and without an inverter. The document concludes with applications of induction generators and references.

1. Modeling
and
Simulation
of
Self-Excited
Induction
Generator

2. Content
1. INTRODUCTION
2.CLASSIFICATION OF INDUCTION GENERATOR.
3.MODELING AND SIMULATION OF INDUCTION
MACHINE
4. MODELING AND SIMULATION OF DC MOTOR

3. Content
5. SLIP-TORQUE CHARACTERISTICS OF SEIG
6. REACTIVE POWER REQUIREMENT AND
CALCULATION
7. PROCESS OF SELF EXCITATION AND VOLTAGE
BUILD UP IN SEIG
8. MODELING OF SELF-EXCITATION INDUCTION
GENERATOR WITHOUT INVERTER

4. Content
9. MODELING AND SIMULATION OF SEIG WITH
INVERTER
10. RESULTS OF WAVEFORMS WITH AND
WITHOUT INVERTER.
11. CONCLUSION
12. REFERENCES

5. Abstract
• Use of an induction machine as a generator is becoming
best alternative for harnessing the renewable energy
resources.
• The advantages of Induction generator are reduced cost
and size, ruggedness, brushless, self protection against
severe overloads and short-circuits etc.
• In Isolated systems, squirrel cage Induction generators
(SEIG) are very useful.
• The Induction generator needs a reasonable amount of
the reactive power which must be fed externally to
establish the magnetic field necessary to convert the
mechanical power form its shaft into electrical energy.

6. 1. INTRODUCTION
• An Induction generator is type of Electrical generator that is
Mechanically and Electrically similar to poly-phase Induction
motor.
• Induction generator produce Electrical power when their shaft
rotated faster than the synchronous frequency of the
equivalent induction motor.
• Induction generator are often used in wind turbines and some
micro-hydro installations due to their ability to produce useful
power at varying rotor speeds.
• Induction generators are mechanically and electrically simpler
than other generator types.
• They are also more rugged, requiring no brushes and
commentators.

7. 2. CLASSIFICATION OF INDUCTION GENERATOR
• Grid Connected Induction generator

8. 2.CLASSIFICATION OF INDUCTION GENERATOR
• self-excited induction generator (SEIG)

9. 3. MODELING AND SIMULATION
OF INDUCTION MACHINE

10. Results and Simulations

11. 4. MODELING AND SIMULATION
OF DC MOTOR

12. Results and Simulation

13. 5. Torque-Speed curve of Induction machine

14. Torque-Speed Characteristics
• Shown in fig torque-speed curve of induction generator.
• If the torque on Y-axis and shaft speed on X-axis draw a
curve for Induction machine.
• At S = 1, Rotor is stationary so Nm = 0.
• At S = 0, Rotor speed = Synchronous speed so Nm = Ns.
• Now beyond the synchronous speed S < 0, the Rotor speed
is greater than Synchronous speed so Nm > Ns.
• This is called generating zone.
• The curve continue from motoring zone to generating zone.

15. 6. REACTIVE POWER REQUIREMENT AND
CALCULATION
• Induction generators impose special requirements on the
distribution system. Because they have no automatic
voltage regulation and no reactive power generation
capability.
• The real-reactive power characteristics of an induction
generators are represented by classical induction motor
circle diagram when operating as motor or generator.
• At no load, the reactive power drawn is about half of the
full load KVA power rating of the machine.
• The real power delivered by the generator determines the
actual reactive power drawn from the system by the
machine.

16. Calculation of ratings of capacitor bank:
• Induction M/c : 5.4Hp(4Kw),400V, 50Hz,1430rpm
full load current 5.25A, pf = 0.8.
Solution :
• Apparent Power(S) = √3 VI = 3637VA.
• Reactive Power (Q) = √3 VI sinф = 2182.38Var.
• Per phase Var = 2182.38/3 = 727.46Var.
• Cap. Current = 727.46Var/400V = 1.81 Amp.
• Cap. Reactance = V/Icap. = 400/1.81 Amp.=219.9Ω
• Capacitance C = 1/(2*Π*50*219.9) = 15μF.

17. 7. PROCESS OF SELF EXCITATION AND
VOLTAGE BUILD UP IN SEIG
• The process of voltage buildup in an induction
generator is very much similar to that of a dc
generator. There must be a suitable value of residual
magnetism present in the rotor.
• In the absence of a proper value of residual
magnetism, the voltage will not build up. So it is
desirable to maintain a high level of residual
magnetism, as it does ease the process of machine
excitation.

18. • When an induction generator first starts to run, the
residual magnetism in the rotor circuit produces a
small voltage.
• This small voltage produces a capacitor current
flow, which increases the voltage, and so forth until
the voltage is fully built up.
• For an isolated mode, there must be a suitable
capacitor bank connected across the generator
terminals. This phenomenon is known as capacitor
self-excitation and the induction generator is called
a “SEIG.”

19. 8. SIMULATION OF SEIG WITHOUT INVERTER

20. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Three-phase voltage generated by SEIG without inverter

21. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Three-phase current generated by SEIG without inverter

22. 9. MODELING AND SIMULATION OF SEIG WITH
INVERTER

23. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Three-phase voltage generated by SEIG with inverter

24. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Three-phase current generated by SEIG with inverter

25. 10. APPLICATION OF INDUCTION
GENERATOR
• Self-excited induction generator (SEIG) are found to be very
suitable to generate power from Wind and mini-hydro sources in
the remote areas.
• High speed induction generator used for applications in aircraft
power system.
• Latest use : Currently being developed is 200kw induction
generator to operate at 62000 rpm.
• The generator has air cored design an identical machine has built
to operate as a motor.
• The generator and the motor are mounted on based plate and
coupled together.

26. LATEST

27. 11. CONCLUSION
 In isolated systems, The use of SEIG offers many
advantages over a synchronous generator.
 It is desirable that the cost of isolated system should be
very low so that cost of power produced from it can be
afforded by poor community residing in an isolated area.
 Use of SEIG compared to the compared to synchronous
generator can reduce the system cost considerably.
 It is expected that better methods of reactive
power/voltage-control techniques will make the SEIG
more suitable for isolated applications.

28. 12. References:
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K.L.SHI, T . F. CHAN, Y. K. WONG and S. L .
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Burak Ozpineci, Leon M. Tolbert, the University of Tennessee, Knoxville.
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Phase Self Excited Induction Generator. Kishore, R. C. Prasad, and B. M. Karan Birla
Institute of Technology, India.
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GolChakraborty and Robert Wood Colorado School of Mines Division of Engineering
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[5] Modified Induction Generator Hashim Oirkozek Mohamad Alzayed.
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29. [8] Novel Voltage Controller for Stand-alone Induction Generator using PWM- VSI
G. V. Jayaramaiah, Research Scholar, Energy Systems Engineering.
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12. References:

30. 12. References:
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12. References:

32. THANK YOU