Indian financial system~prasad
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Financial system is a system that aims at establishing and providing a regular, smooth, efficient and cost effective linkage between depositors and investors
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Fabozzi, F. J., Modigliani, F., Jones, F. J., & Ferri, M. Foundations of financial markets and institutions. Delhi: Dorling Kindersley (India) Pvt. Ltd.
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The document defines and describes key components of a financial system. It explains that a financial system consists of financial institutions and markets that facilitate the transfer of funds between entities with excess capital and those with deficits. It outlines the main participants in financial systems as households, companies, governments, and foreigners. It also describes various financial intermediaries like banks, investment funds, pension funds, and insurance companies. Finally, it provides examples of different types of financial markets and securities.
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The document provides an introduction to the Indian financial system, which includes both formal/organized and informal/unorganized components. It describes the various subsystems that make up the formal financial system, including financial institutions, markets, instruments, and services. It also discusses the roles and interactions of different elements like banks, non-banking institutions, money markets, capital markets, primary markets, and secondary markets.
Indian-financial-system (1)
The document defines finance and financial systems. It discusses the functions of money, different measures of money supply, and the roles of money lending, capital formation, and investment in the financial system. It also describes the evolution of financial systems from more rudimentary to indirect systems, the key components and markets within financial systems, and the functions of financial intermediaries, markets, and instruments.
FETP Session 2 - Indian Financial System
The document discusses the structure and key components of India's financial system. It outlines the main financial institutions, instruments, and markets. It also describes the key functions of a financial system in facilitating resource transfer, transactions, and risk management across sectors. Several regulatory bodies that oversee different aspects of the financial system are mentioned, including RBI, SEBI, and IRDAI. Their main roles are described as protective, developmental, and regulatory. Key financial markets like money market, capital market, and forex market are defined. Depositories like NSDL and CDSL and their role in facilitating electronic holding and transactions of securities are summarized. The primary and secondary markets are distinguished, with stock exchanges providing a platform for trading but
Financial system and markets:
Financial system and markets:
objectives of financial system-
Concepts of financial system-
Financial concepts-
Development of financial systems in India-
Weakness of Indian financial system
Similar to Indian financial system~prasad (20)
Session 02 - Role of Financial Markets and Institutions.pptx
Session 02 - Role of Financial Markets and Institutions.pptx
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Post Heckscher Ohlin Theories
Thought the H-O theory did not supplant the comparative cost theory, but supported it by providing explanation for the relative commodity price differences between the countries and their respective comparative advantages. The Heckscher-Ohlin theory focuses on the differences in the relative abundance of factors of production in various nations as the most important determinant of the difference in relative commodity prices and comparative advantage. However Leontief in his empirical examination found opposite of what the H-O model predicted, given the high level of U.S. wages and the relatively high amount of capital per worker in the United States. Leontief’s discovery was termed the Leontief Paradox.
However this did not disprove H-O theory, instead we have various explanations on such paradoxical situation. The Post H-O theory mainly looked in this aspect.
Oligopoly
Oligopoly is the market situation in which there are few sellers/producers of a commodity, they control the entire market.
Monopolistic competition
In monopolistic competition there are many firms selling a differentiated product or service. It is a blend of competition and monopoly.
Monopoly
Pure monopoly is the form of market organisation in which there is a sinle seller of a commodity for which there are no close substitutes and there are barriers to entry
Imperfect Competition
In a perfectly competitive market, firms are price-takers. It is largely regarded as an ideal situation and such a market situation is hard to find. In the real world, you are dealing with firms large enough to affect the market price. In many such markets there are handful of firms who dominate in one way or other. Such markets are market of imperfect competition.
Perfect Competition
A market is perfectly competitive if
There are large number of sellers and buyers of the commodity – therefore no individuals can influence price
Homogeneous products across all firms in the industry.
Perfect mobility of resources.
All the economic agents (consumers, producers, factor owners) in the market have perfect knowledge of present and future prices and costs
Market structure
Market is a place (need not be any physical entity) where the sales and purchases of goods and services are taken place. Market structure is the organisational characteristics of a market. Here the organisational characteristics are mainly relied on nature of competition and pricing.
Changing Structure of Indian Economy:The missing link in Economic Growth
The rise of new economic powers has generally been driven by the rapid structural transformation of their economies, featured by the shift from primary production, such as mining and agriculture to manufacturing; and in manufacturing from natural-resource-based to more sophisticated, skill- and technology-intensive activities.
Economic development & structural changes
The document discusses economic structural changes that occur during development. It defines structural changes as long-term shifts in the composition of economic sectors, such as the rise of manufacturing and services and decline of agriculture and industry over time. Countries experience rapid structural transformation as they industrialize, exemplified by many developing nations in Asia and Latin America that grew their manufacturing sectors. However, structural changes differ across countries depending on factors like endowments and history. More recently, the service sector has become dominant globally as the role of agriculture and manufacturing declines.
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Changing Structure of Indian Economy:The missing link in Economic Growth
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如果您处于以下几种情况：
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◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
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3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
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二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
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◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【微bwp0011】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
What's a worker’s market? Job quality and labour market tightness
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In a tight labour market, job-seekers gain bargaining power and leverage it into greater job quality—at least, that’s the conventional wisdom.
Michael, LMIC Economist, presented findings that reveal a weakened relationship between labour market tightness and job quality indicators following the pandemic. Labour market tightness coincided with growth in real wages for only a portion of workers: those in low-wage jobs requiring little education. Several factors—including labour market composition, worker and employer behaviour, and labour market practices—have contributed to the absence of worker benefits. These will be investigated further in future work.高仿英国伦敦艺术大学毕业证（ual毕业证书）文凭证书原版一模一样
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024) FDI, Culture, Glo...
Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024) FDI, Culture, Glo...AntoniaOwensDetwiler
"Does Foreign Direct Investment Negatively Affect Preservation of Culture in the Global South? Case Studies in Thailand and Cambodia."
Do elements of globalization, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), negatively affect the ability of countries in the Global South to preserve their culture? This research aims to answer this question by employing a cross-sectional comparative case study analysis utilizing methods of difference. Thailand and Cambodia are compared as they are in the same region and have a similar culture. The metric of difference between Thailand and Cambodia is their ability to preserve their culture. This ability is operationalized by their respective attitudes towards FDI; Thailand imposes stringent regulations and limitations on FDI while Cambodia does not hesitate to accept most FDI and imposes fewer limitations. The evidence from this study suggests that FDI from globally influential countries with high gross domestic products (GDPs) (e.g. China, U.S.) challenges the ability of countries with lower GDPs (e.g. Cambodia) to protect their culture. Furthermore, the ability, or lack thereof, of the receiving countries to protect their culture is amplified by the existence and implementation of restrictive FDI policies imposed by their governments.
My study abroad in Bali, Indonesia, inspired this research topic as I noticed how globalization is changing the culture of its people. I learned their language and way of life which helped me understand the beauty and importance of cultural preservation. I believe we could all benefit from learning new perspectives as they could help us ideate solutions to contemporary issues and empathize with others.University of North Carolina at Charlotte degree offer diploma Transcript
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Optimizing Net Interest Margin (NIM) in the Financial Sector (With Examples).pdf
NIM is calculated as the difference between interest income earned and interest expenses paid, divided by interest-earning assets.
Importance: NIM serves as a critical measure of a financial institution's profitability and operational efficiency. It reflects how effectively the institution is utilizing its interest-earning assets to generate income while managing interest costs.
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本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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Governor Olli Rehn
Bank of Finland
Press conference on the outlook for the Finnish economy
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Tdasx: In-Depth Analysis of Cryptocurrency Giveaway Scams and Security Strategies
Fabular Frames and the Four Ratio Problem
Digital, interactive art showing the struggle of a society in providing for its present population while also saving planetary resources for future generations. Spread across several frames, the art is actually the rendering of real and speculative data. The stereographic projections change shape in response to prompts and provocations. Visitors interact with the model through speculative statements about how to increase savings across communities, regions, ecosystems and environments. Their fabulations combined with random noise, i.e. factors beyond control, have a dramatic effect on the societal transition. Things get better. Things get worse. The aim is to give visitors a new grasp and feel of the ongoing struggles in democracies around the world.
Stunning art in the small multiples format brings out the spatiotemporal nature of societal transitions, against backdrop issues such as energy, housing, waste, farmland and forest. In each frame we see hopeful and frightful interplays between spending and saving. Problems emerge when one of the two parts of the existential anaglyph rapidly shrinks like Arctic ice, as factors cross thresholds. Ecological wealth and intergenerational equity areFour at stake. Not enough spending could mean economic stress, social unrest and political conflict. Not enough saving and there will be climate breakdown and ‘bankruptcy’. So where does speculative design start and the gambling and betting end? Behind each fabular frame is a four ratio problem. Each ratio reflects the level of sacrifice and self-restraint a society is willing to accept, against promises of prosperity and freedom. Some values seem to stabilise a frame while others cause collapse. Get the ratios right and we can have it all. Get them wrong and things get more desperate.
RMIT University degree offer diploma Transcript
澳洲RMIT毕业证书制作RMIT假文凭定制Q微168899991做RMIT留信网教留服认证海牙认证改RMIT成绩单GPA做RMIT假学位证假文凭高仿毕业证申请墨尔本皇家理工大学RMIT University degree offer diploma Transcript
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Indian financial system~prasad
- 1. Indian Financial System Prasad S Assistant Professor Sree Sankara College Kalady Ernakulam – 683 574 Kerala
- 2. The Financial System An institutional framework existing in a country to enable financial transactions A system that establishes efficient and smooth linkage between depositors and investors
- 3. The Financial System The Financial System composed of 1. Financial Markets ◦ Money Market, Capital Market, Forex Markets etc. 2. Financial Institutions ◦ Banking and non banking financial institutions. 3. Financial Securities ◦ Loans, deposits, equity shares, bonds, debentures etc. 4. Regulatory agencies ◦ RBI, SEBI, IRDA etc.
- 4. Financial Markets Financial markets facilitate the trade in financial products The primary role of financial markets is to intermediate resources from savers to investors. Allocates the resources in an efficient manner among competing uses in the economy ….contributing to growth both through increased investment and through enhanced efficiency in resource use.
- 5. Financial Markets Money markets, which provide short term debt financing and investment. Capital markets deals with long term funds. Foreign exchange markets, which facilitate the trading of foreign exchange. There will be various submarkets in each of these components Commodity markets, which facilitate the trading of commodities. Derivatives markets, which provide instruments for the management of financial risk. Insurance markets, which facilitate the redistribution of various risks.
- 6. Money Market Money market is market for short term funds Money Market Organised Unorganised Call Money Market Bill Market Bank loans Treasury Bills Commercial Bills Hunidies Loans from IBs etc. Organised Call Money Market Bank loans CPs CDs RBI
- 7. Capital Market Market for long term funds Capital Market Institutions • IFCI • SFCs • IDFCs • Investment Banks • Mutual Funds • Marchant banks • Stock Exchanges • Underwriters Market Primary • Equity Share • Preference Shares • Bonds • Debentures • Mutual Funds • Depository Receipts Secondary Instruments SEBI
- 8. Foreign Exchange Market Market for currencies of different countries The organisational set up within which individuals, financial institutions, firms, orgnaisations, governments buy and sell foreign currencies. ▪It is the largest market in the world ▪No specific meeting places ▪Twenty four hour market ▪Cash and other short term credit instruments used as instruments of forex transitions.
- 9. Financial Institutions Banking and Non-banking financial institutions Banking institutions such as commercial banks collect money from depositors directly and lend to investors or borrowers. Non-banking institutions such as LIC, UTI are engaged in obtaining funds from depositors indirectly. There are special purpose institutions like NABARD, EXIM Bank which are engaged in providing financial assistance for specific purposes and sectors to bring about a desired pattern of development
- 10. Financial Institutions Banking Institutions ◦ Commercial banks ◦ Cooperative banks ◦ Regional Rural banks Non-banking Institutions ◦ Asset finance companies ◦ Housing finance companies ◦ Venture capital funds ◦ Merchant banking organisations ◦ Credit rating agencies ◦ Factoring and forfeiting organisations ◦ Stock broking firms ◦ Depositories
- 11. Financial Assets/securities/instruments Primary Securities, Secondary Securities, Derivative Instruments Primary/Direct Securities ◦ A primary security is a security issued by non-financial economic units. Equity/Ordinary shares: They are ownership securities and represent risk capital. Debentures: Debentures are medium- to long-term debt instruments used by large companies to borrow money. Preference shares: A preference share is a hybrid security and shares the features of both equity and debentures. It combines both ownership and creditorship privileges.
- 12. Financial Assets/securities/instruments Secondary/Indirect Securities In the case of Secondary securities, borrowers borrow funds from the financial market through indirect means, such as through a financial intermediary. Mutual funds Policies of insurance companies Deposits of banks A major advantage of indirect securities is that the pooling of funds by a financial intermediary leads to a number of indirect and derived benefits such as convenience, lower risk and expert management.
- 13. Financial Assets/Securities/Instruments Derivatives/Derivative Instruments A security whose price is dependent upon or derived from one or more underlying assets. ◦ Its a contract between two or more parties. ◦ Its value is determined by fluctuations in the underlying asset. ◦ The most common underlying assets include stocks, bonds, commodities, currencies and market indexes. ◦ Most derivatives are characterised by high leverage. ◦ These instruments are generally used as an instrument to hedge risk. ◦ Commonly used derivative contracts are forwards, futures and options.
- 14. Thank You…