India and China have large populations and economies. India has a population of 1.3 billion and a mixed economy, while China has a slightly larger population of 1.7 billion and a socialist market economy. Both countries promote foreign investment and have large agricultural outputs, though China's total food grain production and GDP are higher than India's. Key differences are that India is a democratic country while China follows communism, and India has a better relationship with other countries compared to China.