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First Project
•   Avon in Africa with Catherine Dolan
•   ESCR/DfID Poverty Alleviation Grant
•   Focus on poor black women
•   Entrepreneurship system provides
    – Training, support, finance, product
• More stable than microfinance or training
  alone
• Income stream, economic autonomy
• Confidence, independence, empowerment.
Building an Idea
• Multiple, independently funded projects
  – MNCs and NGOs
  – Sanitary pads and Pampers/UNICEF
• Gaps in neoclassical economics
  – Care work, reproductive labor
• Women’s economy on its own terms
  – An economy of exclusion
  – Distinctive features, rules, ethos.
Monetization and Exclusion
• Unpaid labor
• Exclusive rules of property, currency
• Effect: pervasive cash poverty, even
  within wealthy households
• Characteristics of unmonetized
  economies
  – Inseparable nature of transactions
  – Reciprocity versus self-interest
  – Exchange of people.
Sexual Economics
• Body as capital
• Barter for survival: marriage
  – Reproductive services:
     • Sexual services, child-bearing, household care
  – Earning chances limited, no control over funds
• Prostitution
  – Informality and vulnerability
• Slavery and the underground economy
• Economic constraints on women and
  instability.
Sanitary Care and Secondary School
• Development lever: multiple, rapid benefits
  –   Better work force, national prosperity
  –   Fertility rates improved
  –   Maternal and infant mortality reduced
  –   Child well-being increased
  –   Violence and disease transmission reduced
• Dropout rates steep at secondary level
• West African site, GT sponsor:
  – Dolan, Dopson, Montgomery, Ryus
  – Effect of pads on school attendance, retention.
Conditions on the Ground
• Generational divide: modernity and taboos
• Cloth usage: “as found,” scarce
  – Limited access to clean water, soap
  – Private space for drying
• Long walk to school
  – No toilet or water to change
• Odor and embarrassment
• Difficulty concentrating in classroom
  – Memorization and recitation
• Pads have expected effect:
  – Attendance, activities, concentration, confidence.

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Inaugural address, part ii

  • 1. First Project • Avon in Africa with Catherine Dolan • ESCR/DfID Poverty Alleviation Grant • Focus on poor black women • Entrepreneurship system provides – Training, support, finance, product • More stable than microfinance or training alone • Income stream, economic autonomy • Confidence, independence, empowerment.
  • 2. Building an Idea • Multiple, independently funded projects – MNCs and NGOs – Sanitary pads and Pampers/UNICEF • Gaps in neoclassical economics – Care work, reproductive labor • Women’s economy on its own terms – An economy of exclusion – Distinctive features, rules, ethos.
  • 3. Monetization and Exclusion • Unpaid labor • Exclusive rules of property, currency • Effect: pervasive cash poverty, even within wealthy households • Characteristics of unmonetized economies – Inseparable nature of transactions – Reciprocity versus self-interest – Exchange of people.
  • 4. Sexual Economics • Body as capital • Barter for survival: marriage – Reproductive services: • Sexual services, child-bearing, household care – Earning chances limited, no control over funds • Prostitution – Informality and vulnerability • Slavery and the underground economy • Economic constraints on women and instability.
  • 5. Sanitary Care and Secondary School • Development lever: multiple, rapid benefits – Better work force, national prosperity – Fertility rates improved – Maternal and infant mortality reduced – Child well-being increased – Violence and disease transmission reduced • Dropout rates steep at secondary level • West African site, GT sponsor: – Dolan, Dopson, Montgomery, Ryus – Effect of pads on school attendance, retention.
  • 6. Conditions on the Ground • Generational divide: modernity and taboos • Cloth usage: “as found,” scarce – Limited access to clean water, soap – Private space for drying • Long walk to school – No toilet or water to change • Odor and embarrassment • Difficulty concentrating in classroom – Memorization and recitation • Pads have expected effect: – Attendance, activities, concentration, confidence.