The document discusses the history of eugenics and social Darwinism. It describes how Francis Galton coined the term "eugenics" in 1883 to promote improving the human race by encouraging reproduction among those considered "fit" and discouraging it among the "unfit". Eugenics became popular in the early 20th century but fell out of favor after World War II when the Nazi regime used eugenics to justify atrocities. Modern concerns about genetics are rooted in social tensions, as shown by controversial claims in books like The Bell Curve about genetic differences between racial groups.