1. An impulse turbine works by converting the pressure energy of water flowing through a diverging nozzle into kinetic energy, forming a high-speed jet that strikes the turbine blades and causes rotation. 2. It has several main components: blades mounted on a rotor, a nozzle that accelerates the water into a jet, and a casing that contains the water after it strikes the blades. 3. The high-pressure water flows through the nozzle, is converted to kinetic energy in the jet, and imparts impulse on the blades to rotate the turbine shaft, which can power a generator to produce electricity.

1. Fluid Power Engineering (2151903)
Mechanical Department
Sem.: 5th
D (D2)
Impulse Turbine
Guided By: Prof. Dhruval Patel
Prepared By: Dubey Manish S. (160123119009)

2. What is a TURBINE???
 A Turbine is a rotary engine that exerts energy from a fluid flow and converts into
useful work.
 A turbine is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fast moving
flow of water, steam, gas, air, or other fluid and converts it into useful work.

3. Content
1. Principal
2. Construction
3. Working
4. Advantage
5. Disadvantage

4. Principal
1. Principal:
Impulse turbine works on the basic principle of impulse. When
the jet of water strikes at the turbine blade with full of its speed, it
generates a large force which used to rotate the turbine. The force is
depends on the time interval and velocity of jet strikes the blades. This
turbine used to rotate the generator, which produces electric power.

5. Construction
1. Blades: The number of blades is situated over the rotary. They are concave in shape. The
water jet strikes at the blades and change the direction of it.
2. Rotor: All blades are pined into the rotor. The force exerted on blades passes to the rotor
which further rotates the shaft.
3. Nozzle: A nozzle play main role of generating power from impulse turbine. It is a diverging
nozzle which converts all pressure energy of water into kinetic energy and forms the water
jet.
4. Casing: The main function of casing is to prevent discharge the water from vanes to tail
race.
5. Braking Nozzle: A nozzle is provided in opposite direction of main nozzle. It is used to
slow down or stop the wheel

6. Working
 High pressure water flow form dam (high head) to nozzle (low head).
 This water flows through divergent nozzle where it’s all pressure energy change into kinetic
energy. It forms a water jet.
 The water jet strikes the blade at high speed which rotates the rotor.
 It transfers all kinetic energy of water to the rotor, which further use to rotate the generator.
 After transferring energy, water flows to the tail race.
 This process run continuously until sufficient power generates.

8. 1. It can works at low discharge or at low flow rates.
2. This turbine has high efficiency.
3. Impulse turbine is flexible according to the load condition. At higher load
more than one nozzle are used.
4. They work at atmospheric pressure so no problem of leakage.
5. It is easy to assemble
Advantage

9. Disadvantage
1. Large size compare to others.
2. Efficiency decreases with time.
3. It required high head witch is hard to control.
4. It is costly to install.