Biochar is beneficial for soil, agriculture, and the environment in several ways: 1) Biochar stores water and nutrients due to its high surface area and porous structure, making more water and nutrients available to plants. This reduces the need for frequent watering and fertilizing. 2) Biochar provides habitat for beneficial soil microbes like bacteria and fungi that convert nutrients into plant-available forms. This improves soil fertility and plant growth. 3) Biochar improves the properties of different soil types, adding air space to dense clay soils, improving drainage, and increasing the water- and nutrient-holding capacity of sandy soils. 4) Biochar is stable in soil and does not easily decompose, so its benefits

1. Why andHow Biochar isImportant
Biocharis beneficial anduseableforus.If youare seeingthisblogfirstanddon'tknow about
biochar,,.......... Go throughthislink.
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So,let'stalk aboutwhyand howbiocharis importantforus,soil, environment,agriculture andformany
more things
I have a small listaboutit,because we can't explainbythe wordshow muchimportantisthisin this
world.So,these are;
1. Biochar storesWater
 Biocharhas many pores,andwhichhave muchmore surface toabsorb water.sobiocharhasvery
giantsurface area because ithas manymanysmall poreson it.
 Water sticksto the surfaces,it'snatural.Let'shave a think,like inourphysicsclassletus
consider,there isamineral waterbottle andyoucompletelypourall wateroutof that bottle
and see there will be alwayssome waterdropletsinsidethe surfaces,lid,mouthof the bottle,
evenwhenyoucompletelypourall wateroutfromthe bottle,sobythisconsiderationwe will
knewthatwater stickon the surfacesandemptyspace.
 More the surface area more watercan stickon the surface.
 We all know,aswe give the amountof waterto the plant,onlyfew,small partof waterWill be
takenup bythe plantsbytheirroots.Because waterwill be lossinthe formof vapour by
evaporation,runningoff,percolationetcandanotherthingis water can't be take the water fast
enoughas water runs offinto lower soil layers.
So,roots of the plantunable totake the water fromthe lowersoil layersandtogrow the plant
youhave to do wateringagainandagain. It consumestimes,Money,Labour too.
 So, to prevent water loss from any reason, any method we can use the biochar that's better.
Because biochartakesthe waterand store it foras longas possibleuntil microorganisms
and plantsrootsconsume it.

2. 
 If there is alreadybiocharonyour field,thenif youdidwateringinthatfield,inyour field
your waterwill notbe lostitcatches like strongmagnetanditsuck up the wateruntil itgets
saturated.
 Biochar can store the water,2 timesof it's weight.That means
If you have 10 kg of biochar,thenyourbiocharhave capacityto store 20 L of water.so
biocharmakessoil alwayswateravailabletoplantevenindroughtcondition,so youcan
grow the vegetablesinthe desert withthe use ofbiochar.
if you normally applywater inthe fieldyour water will be lossin differentformand by different
methods,you have to watering again and again it time,labour and moneyconsumable.Is it or not?
Of course it is.So let'sjust imagine how much water, time,energy,labour, moneyyou will
save by usingbiochar.
As youknowthe many positive aspectof biocharonwaterstoring.
We can say that biocharcan helpinthe farmingverywell.
 There are manyhighvalue cropswhichis grown infarm like tomatoes,potatoesetc.Which
needlotsof water.Andalsoall othercrops require waterit'sfundamental thing.
 So,if youuse biocharin yourfarm, biocharstoreswateras much as possible until itgets
saturatedand whichisveryhelpful tokeepsoil withwateravailable forplant,alsoindrought
condition.
 Droughtcan destroythe plant,soil.itwill givethe stresstothe plant, plantwill grow easily,it's
vegetative ,fruitingandreproductivestage willbe harmedandthere will be lossinboth
quantityandqualityof the Agriculture product,whichisverysadforfarmersas well as
consumersandnation.
 So,plant can be droughttolerant,plantwill grow easilywithoutanystressof water.
 Let's have a physicsexperiment,butit'snottheoritical itispractical;Letus consider,we are
growingtomatoesinthe farmand generallywe have towatering2timesa daymorningand
eveningtime.Butif we use the biocharourwateringquantity,time,labour,moneywillsave,we
can wateringintomatoesfieldonlyone timeaday.
2. Biochar storesNutrients;

3.  We knowbiocharisveryporous,have manymany small pores,soithas large surface area and
these poresact as a role of magnetfor nutrient.
Here,Pores= Magnet
Nutrient=iron
 So,biochar have negative charge ,it'slike negativelychargedmagnetwithhighpowerand
whichishighlyprefertoattract positivelychargednutrientlike Ca,K,Mgetc.Theyattract each
otherverystrongly.
 So,biochar attract nutrientstrongly,storesNutrientstightlyuntilbiocharwillgetsaturated,this
ishow biocharstoresthe nutrientverymuch.
 Generallywhenwe applythe manure,fertilizerinthe field,inthe sense of givingnutrienttothe
plants,nutrientsof fertilizer,manuresalsowill be lossindifferentform, methodslike
evaporation,percolation,runningoff,sonutrientswill godeeperinsoil,washedaway,convert
intodifferentformandloss.
 If there were biocharinthe fieldall nutrientof the fertilizer andmanureswill suckonit,until it
getssaturated,.Itdidn'tletnutrienttobe wastedand loss,itheldthe nutrientinthe topsoil
close to plantroot whichiseasilyavailable tobe plantandgive highqualityandquantityof
product.Nutrientalwaysavailable inthe soil.
 Let's have a example,if youare growingmaize inyourfield,whichrequire highamountnutrient
to be grow and harvest.Andconsidergenerallywithoutusinganyinthingto harvestyourmaize
youhave to apply5 timesfertilizer.Because of losses.Itcosta lot andwaste the labourtoo. But
If you usedbiocharinthat fieldyouhave toapplyonly2 or 3 timesfertilizer.
 Thismeansyou can store nutrientinthe soil withoutbeinglossandwasted.Youneedless
fertilizer,harmful chemicalsinyourfieldtogrow plantsandit savesyourmoney,time ,soil,
environmenteverything.
So imagine howmuchithelpyouto make you,nationandenvironmenthealthy.
3. Host microbeslike bacteria

4. How biocharhostmicrobes?
 In biocharthere are many pores,spacesandwhere these poresandspaceshave oxygen,water
and nutrients.Somostof microorganismsare aerobicsinnature thatmeansneedsoxygenfor
their activities and metabolism so they prefer oxygenated place to stay and start to do their jobs.
So biocharhave enoughspace andoxygenforthe microorganismsandbacteria,therefore
biocharis the perfecthabitatforthe microorganism.
How microorganismsare importantforsoil andplants?
 Generally,mostof the people thinkthatwhenwe addmore and more nutrientfromthe source
of nutrients,ourplantwill growbetterandgive highproductivity.Insome sense abovesentence
istrue toobut there islack of properexplanation.
 Whenwe add nutrientsandfertilizerstothe soil orthere are nutrientissoil,doesn'tmeanthat
these Nutrientsare easilyavailable tothe plantoruptake bythe plant.Planttakesthe nutrients
indifferentformof differentnutrients.
Let's take an example of Nitrogen(N) nutrient,we cangetNitrogennutrientfromdifferent
source like organicfertilizersmanure,FYM,compost,jholmol etcandalsofromchemical
fertilizerslikeurea,DAP,Ammoniumsulphate etc.whenwe applythese fertilizersinthe soil ,
there will be anyformof Nitrogenlike ammonia,ammonium,nitrate,nitrite etc.Some of these
form like nitrate and ammonium are easy to taken up by the plant roots andloss also will be low.
Nitrate formof Nitrogenmore easilyuptake bythe plantthanammoniumbutleachinglossis
highinnitrate formso in waterstagnatedfieldammoniumtype orformof fertilizerwillbe
effective.
 So,plantscan't take any nutrientwithoutconvertintosimplestform.
 Soil microbeswhichare inbiocharcan change the formof nutrientswhichwill be easytouptake
by plants.bacteriaare alsosoil microbes,there are some bacteriathatchange the formof
nutrientslike nitrosomonas,nitrobacter,azotobacteretc.
 So firstlymicrobesprepare the nutrientsforthe plantandplantuptake thatformof nutrient
easily.
 More microbesinyoursoil meansthe more nutrientseasilyavailable tothe plants.

5. So if you add biochar in the soil , there will be more space,oxygen,areato stay microbesand
microbeswill be more insoil and the more microbes meansmore nutrientseasily available to
the plants.
It increasesthe Agriculture productivityby both quantitativelyand qualitativly.Soil will be
fertile,more efficiencyoffertilizerandlowcost.
Let's consideranexample,like honeybees
Workersbee as a soil microbesandqueen asa soil andplant.the workersbeesare goodtake care of
queenfortheirgenerationandproductivity.Theycollecthoneyforqueen,like microbesconvert
Nutrientsindifferentformwhichisavailabletothe plants.
4. Microbes-Fungi
 There are some fungi inthe nature whichisfoundinsoil,theyhelpplantrootstouptake more
and more Nutrients,reachuptosource of nutrients.
 Plantsrootshave some limiteddistributionoversoil,limitedlengthsoonlyplantrootscan't
uptake more and more Nutrientswhichfindinsoil.
 Mycorrhizal fungi are verysmall butit will spreadalot itwill have numerouslotsof branches
oversoil,thisfungi worktogetherwithplantsroots,theyhave symbiosisrelationshiplike
commensalism.
 So withthe helpof thisfungi plantwill able uptake more andmore Nutrientsfromthe more soil
area ,soplantwill growfasterandgive highproductivity.
 Both plantrootsand fungi have symbioticrelationshipsofungi helpplanttoabsorbor collect
Nutrientsandrootsof planthelpfungi bygivingsugarto the fungi.sotheybothhave theirown
benefits
 Let's go intomainthing,we know biocharwill absorbandcollectmore andmore Nutrientsand
water,have manymore spaces.So these funguswill grow easilyinbiocharandgetsinside the
biochardue to poresand easyto uptake the nutrientsforthe plant.Sobiocharis alsoimportant
for the fungi.
5. Biochar ispermanent;

6. Biocharhas a permanentstructure andit'sstable.
 In actual it has noNutrientsitself,itonlystoresNutrients.sotomake itnutrientfull we have to
chargedit.
 Thisstorage can be fill,emptiedandrefilledbydifferentprocess.
 In the soil the Nutrientsof biocharwill uptake the plantsandemptythe nutrientstorage butthe
biocharstays inthe soil.
 Biochardoesn'teasilydecomposelikeorganicmatters,compostsetc,worms,waterand
microbesonlycanbreakit.
 So thisisamazingand happybecause we don'thave to applybiocharagainand againeach year.

7. Note:if youdidapplybiocharagain innextnextyear,there will be noproblemwiththat,so
effectof oldandnewbiocharwill be acts togetheringreateramount.
 Didyou know?
Biocharhas beenusedbythe people'sof Amazonover1000 yearsago. In that place there
were a soil named Terra Preta- Black Earth because inthatsoil there were lotsof biochar
that makessoil looksblackandevenintodaycenturythe soil of that place isveryfertile.
Full storyaboutthe Discoveryof Terrapreta- The secretof Eldorado
Doesbiocharis importantfordifferenttypesof soil tomake bestsoil properties,character?
Yes,it's true it isveryimportantforboth clayand sandysoil to make itbetterand bestforplantand also
for acidicsoil too.
6.Claysoil
I. Biocharadds air spacesinthe soil;
 We all know that the nature of clay soil ishardy,heavyand verycompactful withrespectto
othertypesof soil.Claysoil are heavyanddense andgot not muchair or air space inthe soil.
 Oxygenisveryessential forbothplantsandmicroorganisms.
 Whenthere are noair that meansthere isno oxygen.

8.  So,lessoxygenmeanslessplantsrootgrowth,low productivityandlessmicrobial activitiesin
the soil italso affectinthe conversionandeffeciancyof nutrientsandfertilizerrespectively.
 So,we all know biocharhas veryporousstructure,manymanypores,that can capture the air.
Especiallythe coarse biocharhasmore air spacesand addsmore and more air spaces.
The more the air space,more air,more oxygenandhave highrootgrowthand microbial
activities.
II) Claysoilsare verydense- Biocharhelpsthemtobe light;
 We alreadyknewthatClaysoilsare verydense- andwhichisverydifficulttopenetrate bythe
plantsroot.soitis verybigproblemsforgrowthanddevelopmentof the plantroots.
 So,plant rootsfacedlike heavyweightliftingsport.Rootshave tocleartheirwayto move
forward.It requiresmore andmore energyandsometimesrootscan'tpenetrate the soil due to
heavydense properties.
 Andnowyou alreadyknewthatbiocharaddslots of air space in the soil,sosoil become loose
and frile.Rootsare growverywell andeasilyinairspacesand pores.Biocharhaslots of air
spacesand pores.There isno resistance tothe growthof plantroots.
 So,biochar helpssoil tobe lighten.
III) ClaySoil are bad indrainage- Biocharhelpstoimprove drainage inthe Soil.
 Claysoilsare veryhard and can holdverymuch waterand sobad in drainage inthe nature.
 So,whenwe applywaterinclay soil whichissaturated,waterwill stagnatedinthe fieldand
whichblockthe air i.e.Oxygeninthe soil all poresfillsupwithwaterbydisplacingairwhich
leadstohave lessroot growth,plantgrowthand microbial activities.
 Andanotherdisadvantage isthatwhentheirisalwayswaterinthe soil,soil alwaysbe cool and
that leadstolatergermination,slow growthof the plant.
 If we usedbiochar,we knowbiocharstore waterbutwhenthe storage is full waterwill runout
throughit.So biocharhelpssoil indrainage.
 Let's have an example,
Whenwe throughsponge,clothor somethingwhichhave manyporesandhave highstorage
capacityin the wateror saturatedsoil,firstlyitsoakupthe water until itgetssaturatedand
whenitbecomessaturatedwaterwill runthroughit,like thissame mechanismbiochar works.
So,biochar acts as a bufferinthe soil,itpreventingthe soil forbeingbothtoodryand too wet.
Note;biocharonlycan't improve the soil butif youcharge itwithnutrientsitwill.Soadds
organicmatterstoo.
7. Sandy soil;
We knowclaysoil have dense,concrete andholdmuchmore waterbut sandysoil can't holdanywater
and nutrients.

9.  We alsoall knowthat biocharisveryverygood at storingwaterand nutrientslike aSuperman.
 If you directlyapplywaterandfertilizerinthe field withoutusinganything,mostof the water
and nutrientswillbe lossindifferentformslike percolation,evaporationetc.Soil we needmore
and more waterand fertilizertogrow plantinsandysoil whichishard, irritatingandverycostly.
 But whenwe use Biocharinthe sandysoil,itkeepsstoringwaterandstoringnutrientsfromthe
fertilizer,there islesschance tobe losssowe needto applylesswaterandfertilizerinthe sandy
soil whenwe use Biochar.Whichisverybeneficial.andalsothere will be perfectplace for
microorganisms.
 Thismakesto doingfarminginthe sandysoil easier,cheaperandmore productivity.
8. Acidicsoil
Biocharraisesthe PH of the soil.
 In todayworldmostof the place of the worldhave acidicsoil due tovariousreasons.butplant
and microbes love neutral soil.
How itraisesthe soil PH?
 You alreadyknewmanytimesthatbiocharstoresnutrients,andwe know hydrogenionmakes
soil acidicwhichispositive charge butBiocharisnegativelycharged,sobiocharattracthydrogen

10. ionstronglyandin biocharthere islotsof water,nutrientsandsoil whichhelpstoconvert
hydrogenionindifferentformslike OH-
.Sobythiswaybiocharhelpsto raise soil pH.
Why itis veryimportant?
 In acidicsoil plantscan't growwell,have low rootsgrowth,microbial activitiessoplants
productivitywillbe lowinbothqualityandquantityterm.Itbadlyharmthe peoples.
Let's see the chart of differentnutrientsavailabilityintermsof PH
Note;if youdidn'ttestyour soil anddon't know eitheritisacidicor alkaline,thenfirstuse only
small amountbiocharand see the resultthendecide youshouldapplybiocharornot.