The document discusses implementing continuous monitoring of security controls to improve cybersecurity. It summarizes that the original FISMA framework was well-intended but resulted in an overly checklist-based approach. Continuous monitoring is presented as a better approach that leverages automated tools to frequently monitor high risk areas and security control implementation. The document advocates that continuous monitoring in the cloud may be easier due to centralized control and tools for rapid improvement. Overall continuous monitoring is argued to be an essential approach that can measurably improve security by stopping vulnerabilities before they are exploited.